CN107681792B - Microwave wireless energy supply system in moving - Google Patents
Microwave wireless energy supply system in moving Download PDFInfo
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- CN107681792B CN107681792B CN201711002460.8A CN201711002460A CN107681792B CN 107681792 B CN107681792 B CN 107681792B CN 201711002460 A CN201711002460 A CN 201711002460A CN 107681792 B CN107681792 B CN 107681792B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
- H01P3/123—Hollow waveguides with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides
Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile microwave wireless energy supply system. The microwave energy transmitting and receiving device comprises a transmitting waveguide with a microwave energy transmitting function and a receiving waveguide with a microwave energy receiving function, wherein the transmitting waveguide is fixed, the receiving waveguide is arranged on a moving object, specifically, a periodic groove structure with a surface plasmon effect is constructed on the opposite surfaces of the two waveguides, energy in the transmitting waveguide is wirelessly coupled to the receiving waveguide by surface plasmons, and the receiving waveguide can be continuously coupled from the receiving waveguide to obtain microwave energy in the process of moving close to and along the length direction of the transmitting waveguide. The system can directly utilize the microwave waveguide to wirelessly acquire the energy of a moving object such as an automobile, and can avoid the problem of environmental radiation influence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wireless energy supply system, in particular to a mobile microwave wireless energy supply system.
Background
Electromagnetic wireless energy transmission technology is a non-contact energy supply technology which realizes energy from a transmitting end to a receiving end by means of an electromagnetic field. Nowadays, the technology is increasingly developed, the demand of some mobile devices such as mobile phones, electric vehicles and the like on electric energy is higher and higher, and the wireless energy transmission technology can cause the devices to be separated from the trouble of electric wires, so that the tailless of the devices is realized, and the wireless energy transmission technology is an optimal energy supply solution even under some severe environmental conditions.
The existing electromagnetic wireless energy transmission modes are mainly divided into three types: electromagnetic induction techniques, magnetic coupled resonance techniques, and electromagnetic radiation techniques. The electromagnetic induction technology realizes wireless energy transmission through magnetic field coupling under low frequency, and the action distance is short. The magnetic coupling resonance type wireless energy transmission mode carries out energy transmission through a non-radiative alternating magnetic field, only exchanges energy in resonance coupling devices with the same frequency, and the working distance is long. Both of the two modes work under low frequency and realize high-power wireless transmission, but the action range of the magnetic field cannot be accurately controlled, and long-distance wireless energy transmission cannot be realized. The electromagnetic radiation technology transmits energy by receiving and transmitting high-frequency wireless signals through an antenna, has high radiation directivity, can realize long-distance transmission, but has low transmission power and cannot be used for supplying energy to high-power equipment. Based on the consideration, the invention provides a novel high-power energy supply method in microwave movement, and the novel high-power energy supply method has the advantages of small leakage radiation, large power capacity, high wireless energy transmission efficiency and the like. Because the application prospect of the wireless energy transmission technology is very wide, the wireless energy transmission technology can be applied to the aspects of a charging system, a wireless sensor network, a radio frequency identification technology and the like of an electric vehicle, and has great application value in the fields of household appliances, mobile equipment, vehicles, aerospace, medical appliances and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a mobile microwave wireless energy supply system, which utilizes a waveguide structure to couple energy to continuously supply microwave wireless energy to mobile equipment, so that the mobile equipment can continuously obtain energy in the process of moving.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the microwave receiving device comprises a transmitting waveguide with a microwave energy transmitting function and a receiving waveguide with a microwave energy receiving function, wherein the transmitting waveguide is fixed, the receiving waveguide is arranged on a moving object, a microwave energy signal transmitted by the transmitting waveguide is received by the receiving waveguide and converted into direct current energy, and the receiving waveguide moves longitudinally along the transmitting waveguide so as to keep the microwave energy signal continuously received from the transmitting waveguide.
In one embodiment, the transmitting waveguide is disposed on a surface where the energy transmitting device is installed, such as the ground, and the receiving waveguide is installed in a moving object, such as a vehicle, such as an automobile.
In specific implementation, a plurality of transmitting waveguides which are sequentially connected and arranged are arranged on the ground, and a plurality of receiving waveguides can be installed in a moving object.
The transmitting waveguide and the receiving waveguide are both hollow tubular metal structures with rectangular cross sections, the receiving waveguide is arranged over the transmitting waveguide in a facing manner, the top edges and the bottom edges of the rectangular cross sections of the transmitting waveguide and the receiving waveguide are long edges, and the two horizontal side edges of the rectangular cross section of the transmitting waveguide are short edges;
a plurality of strip-shaped metal bulges parallel to the long edge of the rectangular cross section of the waveguide are arranged on the upper surface of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface of the receiving waveguide, the plurality of strip-shaped metal bulges are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the transmitting waveguide at intervals, metal spacing grooves are formed between every two adjacent strip-shaped metal bulges, and the periodic interval between every two adjacent strip-shaped metal bulges is half wavelength of a microwave energy signal; rectangular holes are formed in the upper surface of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface of the receiving waveguide, the long edges of the rectangular holes are parallel to the long edges of the rectangular cross section of the waveguides, the short edges of the rectangular holes extend along the length direction of the transmitting waveguide, the length of the long edges of the rectangular holes is half wavelength of a microwave energy signal, the length of the short edges of the rectangular holes is one tenth wavelength of the microwave energy signal, and the rectangular holes are arranged in the metal spacing grooves.
The periodic groove structure with the surface plasmon polariton effect is constructed on the two waveguide phase surfaces by the structure. The upper surface of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface of the receiving waveguide keep a distance, the receiving waveguide passes through the transmitting waveguide, microwave energy in the transmitting waveguide is coupled into a metal spacing groove structure of the transmitting waveguide through a rectangular hole of the transmitting waveguide, is received by the metal spacing groove structure of the receiving waveguide through a surface plasmon effect, and is coupled into the receiving waveguide through the rectangular hole of the receiving waveguide. Finally, the energy in the transmitting waveguide is wirelessly coupled to the receiving waveguide by the surface plasmon polariton, and the microwave energy can be continuously coupled from the receiving waveguide in the process that the receiving waveguide moves close to and along the length direction of the transmitting waveguide.
One end of the transmitting waveguide is connected with an alternating current signal source, the other end of the transmitting waveguide is connected with a power detector, the power detector is connected with the alternating current signal source, and the power detector controls the output power of the alternating current signal source so as to control the power of the microwave energy transmitted by the transmitting waveguide; the energy transmitting device is composed of a transmitting waveguide, an alternating current signal source and a power detector.
The top surface of the receiving waveguide is inserted with one end of two waveguide probes, the other end of the two waveguide probes is connected with an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, and the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit is connected with a charging circuit. The energy receiving device is composed of a receiving waveguide, a waveguide probe, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit and a charging circuit.
The microwave energy in the launching waveguide of the energy launching device is coupled to the outer surface through a rectangular aperture in the surface. The outer surface of the waveguide is a periodic groove structure formed by strip-shaped metal protrusions and metal spacing grooves, and energy coupled out by the rectangular holes is uniformly distributed in the adjacent groove structure to form a surface plasmon effect.
In the energy receiving device, the periodic groove structure on the lower surface of the receiving waveguide can couple and receive energy on the metal surface of the transmitting waveguide by using the surface plasmon effect, and the energy is coupled into the receiving waveguide through the rectangular hole.
Further, the energy emitting devices are arranged longitudinally below the surface, and the energy receiving devices are mounted in a moving body for longitudinal movement along the surface. The small hole of the transmitting waveguide and the small hole of the receiving waveguide are not required to be aligned, and the energy receiving device can continuously obtain energy through surface plasmon effect coupling in the moving process.
Furthermore, the power detector in the energy transmitting device can continuously detect the residual power of the power input by the microwave signal source after passing through the transmitting waveguide. When the system is in operation, the microwave signal source is first in a micro-power mode with very low transmit power. When the energy receiving device is nearby, the power value detected by the power detector is reduced, and then the microwave signal source is controlled to be switched to a high-power mode to work. When the energy receiving device leaves the energy transmitting device, the power detector controls the microwave signal source according to the detected change of the power value, so that the microwave signal source is switched to the micro-power mode to work again.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a device for wirelessly receiving and transmitting energy by using a microwave signal, which can realize wireless transmission of high-power microwave energy by using a surface plasmon effect, wherein the power can reach 500-2000W;
2. the energy receiving device of the invention can obtain effective microwave energy at any longitudinal position near the energy transmitting device, thereby realizing effective wireless energy transmission in movement.
3. The wireless energy receiving and transmitting device is of a waveguide structure, is simple in structure and easy to deploy and implement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the rectangular hole and surface groove structures of the transmitting waveguide and the receiving waveguide of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a wireless energy transceiver device in motion.
In the figure: 1. the energy transmitting device comprises an energy transmitting device, 2, an energy receiving device, 3, a transmitting waveguide, 4, a receiving waveguide, 5, an upper surface of the transmitting waveguide, 6, a lower surface of the receiving waveguide, 7, a microwave signal source, 8, a power detector, 9, a waveguide probe, 10, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit, 11, a charging circuit, 12, an energy transmitting device mounting surface and 13, and a moving object; 501. the method comprises the following steps of (1) emitting a waveguide rectangular hole, (502) emitting a waveguide surface metal protrusion, (503) emitting a waveguide surface metal spacing groove; 601. the method comprises the steps of receiving waveguide rectangular holes, 602 receiving waveguide surface metal protrusions, 603 receiving waveguide surface metal spacing grooves.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention comprises an energy emitting device 1 for emitting energy outwards, an energy receiving device 2 for receiving energy of the energy emitting device 1, the energy emitting device 1 being provided with an emitting waveguide 3, a microwave signal source 7 and a power detector 8. The energy receiving device 2 is provided with a receiving waveguide 4, a probe 9, an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 10, and a charging circuit 11. The ac/dc conversion circuit 10 is configured to convert ac power received through the probe 9 into dc power, and to supply the dc power to the charging circuit 11.
As shown in fig. 1, the transmitting waveguide 3 and the receiving waveguide 4 are both hollow tubular metal structures with rectangular cross sections, the receiving waveguide 4 is arranged over the transmitting waveguide 3, the top and bottom edges of the rectangular cross sections of the transmitting waveguide 3 and the receiving waveguide 4 are long edges, and the two horizontal side edges of the rectangular cross section of the transmitting waveguide 3 are short edges.
As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of strip- shaped metal protrusions 502 and 602 parallel to the long side of the rectangular cross section of the waveguide are arranged on the upper surface 5 of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface 6 of the receiving waveguide, the plurality of strip-shaped metal protrusions are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the transmitting waveguide 3 at intervals, metal spacing grooves 503 and 603 are formed between adjacent strip- shaped metal protrusions 502 and 602, and the periodic interval between two strip- shaped metal protrusions 502 and 602 is half the wavelength of a microwave energy signal; rectangular holes 501 and 601 are formed in the upper surface 5 of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface 6 of the receiving waveguide, and the rectangular holes 601 are used for receiving energy transmitted by the transmitting waveguide 3; the long side of the rectangular hole is parallel to the long side of the rectangular cross section of the waveguide, the short side of the rectangular hole is along the length extension direction of the transmitting waveguide 3, the length of the long side of the rectangular hole is half wavelength of the microwave energy signal, the length of the short side of the rectangular hole is one tenth wavelength of the microwave energy signal, and the rectangular holes 501 and 601 are arranged at the metal spacing grooves 503 and 603.
In specific implementation, a plurality of emitting waveguide rectangular holes 501 are arranged on the emitting waveguide 3 at intervals, and the emitting waveguide rectangular holes 501 are arranged at equal intervals in the emitting waveguide metal spacing groove 503; a receiving waveguide rectangular hole 601 is arranged on the receiving waveguide 4 at intervals, and the receiving waveguide rectangular hole 601 is arranged at a receiving waveguide metal spacing groove 603 in the middle of the lower surface 6 of the receiving waveguide. The rectangular holes 501 and 601 are both 5mm wide.
As shown in fig. 2, the energy transmission device 1 is laid below the road surface 12 with the grooves 502, 503 of the transmission waveguide 3 facing upward, while the reception waveguide 4 is mounted on the electric vehicle 13 with the grooves 602, 603 of the reception waveguide 4 facing downward.
As shown in fig. 1, one end of the transmitting waveguide 3 is connected to an ac signal source 7, the other end is connected to a power detector 8, the power detector 8 is connected to the ac signal source 7, and the power detector controls the output power of the ac signal source 7 to control the power of the microwave energy emitted by the transmitting waveguide 3; the energy transmission device 1 is composed of a transmission waveguide 3, an alternating current signal source 7 and a power detector 8.
As shown in fig. 1, one end of two waveguide probes 9 is inserted into the top surface of the receiving waveguide 4, the other end of the two waveguide probes 9 is connected to an ac/dc conversion circuit 10, and the ac/dc conversion circuit 10 is connected to a charging circuit 11. The energy receiving device 2 is composed of a receiving waveguide 4, a waveguide probe 9, an ac/dc conversion circuit 10, and a charging circuit 11.
In specific implementation, a plurality of transmitting waveguides are periodically arranged according to the extending direction, and the rectangular hole and the metal spacing groove structure of each transmitting waveguide face upwards. The receiving waveguide is arranged in the moving object and is kept at a certain distance above the transmitting waveguide, and the rectangular hole and the metal spacing groove face downwards. In the process that the receiving waveguide moves longitudinally along the transmitting waveguide, energy can be continuously transmitted and received through the periodic groove structure and the rectangular hole on the surface of the waveguide, and microwave energy transmission in the movement is realized.
Referring to fig. 1, a microwave power source emits a centimeter-level wave signal at 2.4GHz, and can be switched between a micro-power mode and a high-power mode. The output power of the micro-power mode can be lower than 100mW, and the output power of the high-power mode can reach 500-2000W.
The power emitted by the microwave power source 7 enters the transmitting waveguide 1, and the size of the transmitting waveguide 1 at the frequency of 2.4GHz is WR430 standard rectangular waveguide. A portion of the microwave power entering the launching waveguide 1 is received by the energy receiving means 2 and another portion of the energy is detected and received by the power detector 8. Specifically, the following situations are classified according to the movement situation of the energy receiving device 2:
when the system is in operation, the microwave signal source 7 is first in a micro-power mode with very low transmit power.
When the energy receiving device 2 is nearby, the power value detected by the power detector 8 is reduced, and the microwave signal source 7 is controlled to be switched to the high-power mode to work.
When the energy receiving device 2 leaves the energy transmitting device 1, the power detector 8 controls the microwave signal source 7 according to the detected change of the power value, so that the microwave signal source is switched to the micro-power mode again.
In the energy emitting device 1, the outer surface of the waveguide is a periodic groove structure composed of strip-shaped metal protrusions 502 and metal spacing grooves 503, and the metal protrusions are arranged according to a period of 60 mm. The energy coupled out by the rectangular hole 501 is uniformly distributed in the nearby groove structure, and a surface plasmon effect is formed.
In the energy receiving device 2, the outer surface of the waveguide is a periodic groove structure composed of strip-shaped metal protrusions 602 and metal spacing grooves 603, and the strip-shaped metal protrusions are arranged at periodic intervals of 60 mm. The periodic groove structure can couple and receive energy on the metal surface 5 of the transmitting waveguide 3 by using the surface plasmon effect, and the energy is coupled into the receiving waveguide 4 through the rectangular hole 601.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a mobile wireless energy transceiver.
The energy emitting device 1 may be laid down longitudinally below a surface 12 which is a roadway and the energy receiving device 2 is mounted in a moving object 13 such as a car or the like for longitudinal movement along the surface 12.
In specific implementation, the alternating current signal source 7 generates a 2.4GHz signal by using a phase-locked loop oscillating circuit, and amplifies power by using a multi-stage microwave amplifier to send out a high-power microwave energy signal. The power of the transmitted signal can be adjusted within a certain range by a power detector 8, the power detector is provided with a power detection diode, can receive power from the other side of the waveguide, and controls a direct current bias circuit of the multistage microwave power amplifier according to the power to adjust the gain of the amplifier. The energy is transmitted into the hollow cavity inside the emitting waveguide 3. An evanescent field which cannot be radiated is formed near the rectangular hole on the upper surface of the transmitting waveguide 3 due to the existence of energy in the waveguide. The metal spacing groove structure and the evanescent field on the upper surface of the transmitting waveguide 3 are coupled into the metal on the upper surface of the transmitting waveguide 3. Because the spacing of the metal groove structure is half wavelength of 2.4GHz microwave frequency, the frequency-selective resonance effect of the metal groove structure enables evanescent field signals to resonate, and therefore energy in the waveguide is transferred to the outer surface of the waveguide. Meanwhile, because the metal groove is of a semi-open resonance structure, an evanescent field obtained by coupling is changed into a surface wave on the upper surface of the launching waveguide 3 due to the existence of an open space at the top, so that a plasmon effect is realized, and therefore energy in the cavity of the waveguide 3 is coupled out. The energy emitted by the transmitting waveguide 3 reaches the lower surface of the receiving waveguide 4, and the distance between the two surfaces can be changed within the range of less than 60 mm. The lower surface of the receiving waveguide 4 is also provided with a metal spacing groove structure, the obtained 2.4GHz electromagnetic wave energy is in a resonant mode in the metal groove and forms a plasmon effect, and the electromagnetic wave energy is coupled into a hollow cavity in the receiving waveguide 4 through a rectangular hole of the receiving waveguide 4 to achieve energy receiving. The energy obtained in the receiving waveguide 4 is transmitted in the waveguide cavity, and then is received by a probe 9 at the other side in the waveguide to form alternating current, and the alternating current is conducted to an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit 10. The ac/dc conversion circuit 10 converts the received high-frequency ac signal into dc signal via a diode circuit, filters the dc signal, and sends the dc signal to the charging circuit 11.
In order to increase the power received by the vehicle, a plurality of energy receiving devices 2 may be used in parallel, for example, in fig. 3, 3 energy receiving devices 2 are connected in parallel to the ac/dc conversion circuit 10, and the ac/dc conversion circuit 10 outputs dc energy to the charging circuit 11 to perform dc charging of the battery.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a microwave wireless energy supply system in removing which characterized in that: the microwave receiving device comprises a transmitting waveguide (3) with a microwave energy transmitting function and a receiving waveguide (4) with a microwave energy receiving function, wherein the transmitting waveguide is fixed, the receiving waveguide is arranged on a moving object, a microwave energy signal transmitted by the transmitting waveguide is received by the receiving waveguide and converted into direct current energy, and the receiving waveguide moves longitudinally along the transmitting waveguide so as to keep the microwave energy signal continuously received from the transmitting waveguide;
the transmitting waveguide (3) and the receiving waveguide (4) are both hollow tubular metal structures with rectangular cross sections, and the receiving waveguide (4) is arranged over the transmitting waveguide (3) in a facing manner; a plurality of strip-shaped metal bulges (502, 602) parallel to the long side of the rectangular cross section of the waveguide are arranged on the upper surface (5) of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface (6) of the receiving waveguide, the strip-shaped metal bulges are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the transmitting waveguide (3) at intervals, metal spacing grooves (503, 603) are formed between the adjacent strip-shaped metal bulges (502, 602), and the periodic interval between the two strip-shaped metal bulges (502, 602) is half wavelength of a microwave energy signal; rectangular holes (501, 601) are formed in the upper surface (5) of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface (6) of the receiving waveguide, the long sides of the rectangular holes are parallel to the long sides of the rectangular cross section of the waveguides, the short sides of the rectangular holes are along the length extension direction of the transmitting waveguide (3), the length of the long sides of the rectangular holes is half wavelength of a microwave energy signal, the length of the short sides of the rectangular holes is one tenth wavelength of the microwave energy signal, and the rectangular holes (501, 601) are arranged at the metal spacing grooves (503, 603);
one end of the transmitting waveguide (3) is connected with an alternating current signal source (7), the other end of the transmitting waveguide is connected with a power detector (8), the power detector (8) is connected with the alternating current signal source (7), and the power detector controls the output power of the alternating current signal source (7) so as to control the power of the microwave energy transmitted by the transmitting waveguide (3); the top surface of the receiving waveguide (4) is inserted with one end of a plurality of waveguide probes (9), the other end of the plurality of waveguide probes (9) is connected with an alternating current-direct current conversion circuit (10), and the alternating current-direct current conversion circuit (10) is connected with a charging circuit (11).
2. A mobile microwave wireless power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface (5) of the transmitting waveguide and the lower surface (6) of the receiving waveguide are arranged in a manner of keeping a distance from each other, microwave energy in the transmitting waveguide (3) is coupled into the metal spacing groove structure of the transmitting waveguide through the rectangular hole of the transmitting waveguide, is received by the metal spacing groove structure of the receiving waveguide (4), and is coupled into the receiving waveguide (4) through the rectangular hole of the receiving waveguide (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711002460.8A CN107681792B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Microwave wireless energy supply system in moving |
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| CN201711002460.8A CN107681792B (en) | 2017-10-24 | 2017-10-24 | Microwave wireless energy supply system in moving |
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| CN107681792B true CN107681792B (en) | 2020-11-24 |
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| CN109606146B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-12-29 | 重庆大学 | Dynamic wireless charging system based on power detection position and control method |
| US20220216729A1 (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-07 | Walid DYAB | Contactless transmission line for wireless power transfer |
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| CN106463809A (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2017-02-22 | 桐野秀树 | Waveguide and device using same |
| US10033198B2 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2018-07-24 | Cpg Technologies, Llc | Frequency division multiplexing for wireless power providers |
| CN108417946B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2020-10-27 | 日本电产株式会社 | Slot array antenna and radar device |
| US10164344B2 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-12-25 | Nidec Corporation | Waveguide device, slot antenna, and radar, radar system, and wireless communication system including the slot antenna |
| CN105966259B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-29 | 浙江大学 | Wireless energy energy supplying system in a kind of electric automobile during traveling based on wheel |
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