A kind of sludge status real time monitor and warning system and method based on Internet of Things
Technical field
The invention belongs to sewage disposal to monitor field automatically, and in particular to a kind of sludge state based on Internet of Things is supervised in real time
Survey and warning system and method.
Background technology
Cesspool in sewage treatment plant is come the impurity in filter sewage and purification, when organic mud is lost by organic mud
Deactivation can not absorb impurity, and either PROCESS FOR TREATMENT not in time or runs into emergency case, such as upstream water inlet brings a large amount of dirts
Occur when mud impurity etc., in cesspool and gush mud phenomenon, i.e., organic sludge is churned from the bottom, continues rising up to
The water surface, if gushing mud, it is meant that below standard clear water is flowed out in natural environment from cesspool, can be to natural environment
Pollute.
At present generally by the state of the sludge in personal monitoring's sedimentation basin in sewage treatment plant, but due to cistern
Quantity, the depth of water and light problem, it is difficult to accomplish that real-time and foresight monitoring, such as evening generation problem are difficult to be found.
The country also has to be detected using import ultrasonic probe, and each about 150 square metres of water storage surface installs one, orient,
Fixed point show that mud height determines by testing the feedback of sludge, but the method has following deficiency:First, reliability is not
By force, do not occur first in the place where a specific probe because the change of sludge situation is entirely possible;Second, cost is very high, report
The reason for valency is somewhat expensive is the watertight transducer for employing import.
In addition, the data transfer detected at present in sewage treatment plant is only that cabled digital is shown, but to the number of collection
According to not storing, do not handle, not counting.There is no data storage, processing and statistical function, be difficult to therefrom to get empirical data and
Curve, it is impossible to instruct how to take action in advance in the case of multiple cesspools, more factory's combined monitorings to evade sludge and dig.
In summary, current detecting system and method all can not in real time, it is directly perceived, have it is predictive, reliably solve sewage
Gush mud problem.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve problem present in above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of sludge based on Internet of Things
Status real time monitor and warning system and method, it in real time and adaptively can gather and handle the sludge-like in each cesspool
The data of state, and accurate early warning and alarm are carried out by Internet of Things.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of sludge status real time monitor and warning system based on Internet of Things, including:Front end data detecting system, data
Storehouse processing system, terminal are shown and warning system;
The front end data detecting system includes detection terminal, control and debugging unit, data transmission unit;
The detection terminal is used to gather the data in cesspool, and the data include:Light intensity and underwater obstacles
The distance value reflected;
The control and debugging unit include control module and debugging module;
The control module is used to collect the data that detection terminal collects, and data are arranged, by multi-group data
It is combined to form data to be sent;
The debugging module is used to show Debugging message and the data being collected into;
The data transmission unit is used to the data to be sent that control module arranges to obtain being sent to database processing system
System;
The data base handling system includes data receipt unit and data processing unit;
The data receipt unit passes through wired or wireless with the data transmission unit in the front end data detecting system
Connection, receives the data from data transmission unit;
The data processing unit stored to the data received, analyze and processing obtains result, will be handled
As a result terminal is sent to show and warning system;And cloud server can be upload the data to and carry out big data analysis;
The terminal is shown and warning system sends result to user terminal or alarm by wired or wireless way
Terminal.
The detection terminal includes detector bar, photoelectric sensor and ultrasonic sensor;
The detector bar is very long, and convenient insert in deeper water is detected.
At least one photoelectric sensing box is installed on the outside of the detector bar, a light is installed in photoelectric sensing box
Electric transducer;
The transmitting probe of the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the side in the photoelectric sensing box, the reception of photoelectric sensor
Probe is arranged on the opposite side in the photoelectric sensing box, and the light that transmitting probe is launched is received by receiving transducer, for obtaining
Obtain the light intensity in cesspool;
At least one ultrasonic sensor is installed in the inner side different directions of the detector bar, for obtaining obstacle in water
The distance value that thing reflects;
Multiple detector bars are arranged at the diverse location in cesspool.
The transmitting probe of the photoelectric sensor uses LED light source, and the receiving transducer uses photo resistance.
The photoelectric sensing box includes:The closing rectangular pyramid on top, the interior receipts rectangular pyramid at middle part and the bottom plate of bottom;
The interior area for receiving rectangular pyramid upper surface is more than the rib of closing four of the area of its lower surface, its upper surface and top
The lower surface connection of centrum, lower surface is connected with bottom plate;
A plurality of gap is equipped with the interior each side for receiving rectangular pyramid, is entered when sludge is filled with by each gap
In photoelectric sensing box;
Guiding gutter is provided with the bottom plate, sludge is flowed out by guiding gutter from photoelectric sensing box.
Detection terminal in the front end data detecting system by serial port protocol or parallel protocols and configures variable ripple
The data collected are sent to control module by special rate, and the data transmission unit will control mould by wired or wireless mode
The data to be sent that block arranges to obtain are sent to the data receipt unit in data base handling system;
The data transmission unit is integrated on the wiring board of the control module, by collecting on the wiring board of control module
Into cable port or expand come radio port send data.
The debugging module directly displays following information using LED module:Whether hardware connection normal and database processing
Whether the connection of system is normal, whether data that are collecting are reasonable.
The user terminal includes computer, notebook computer, PAD, mobile phone;The alarm terminal includes display screen, LED
Screen, buzzer, alarm lamp, status indicator lamp.
The sludge state that sludge status real time monitor and warning system described in a kind of utilization based on Internet of Things are realized is real-time
Monitoring and alarm method include:
(1) power-on self-test is carried out to the sludge status real time monitor based on Internet of Things and warning system;
(2) judge whether to start to detect, if it is, into (3), if it is not, then continuing waiting for, be judged as self-detection result
It is abnormal, debugging situation is shown by the debugging module, is checked and is repaired, is then back to (1);
(3) front end data detecting system gathered data, and transmit data to data base handling system;
(4) data base handling system receives data, judges whether this data is effective, if it is, into (5), if not,
Hash is then abandoned, is then back to (4);
(5) data base handling system is stored to data, analyzed and handled, and result shown by terminal and
Warning system is issued;
(6) terminate.
The step (5) includes:
(51) data received are stored using compression algorithm;
(52) self-adaptive processing is carried out in the different characteristic that sewage is gushed when mud occurs for data:According to light set in advance
The initial clear water threshold value of electric transducer and muddy threshold value, the initial clear water threshold value of ultrasonic sensor and muddy threshold value difference
The continuous data when data that photoelectric sensor and ultrasonic sensor collect to be divided into clear water and it is muddy when continuous data,
Then the data that the data and ultrasonic sensor collected respectively to photoelectric sensor collect do following processing:During by clear water
Continuous data and it is muddy when continuous data carry out difference comparsion, draw median, then pass through the side of quadratic linear interpolation
Method linear approximation obtains new clear water threshold value and muddy threshold value;
(53) by the data of the photoelectric sensor newly received and the data of ultrasonic sensor respectively with photoelectric sensor
New clear water threshold value and muddy threshold value, the new clear water threshold value of ultrasonic sensor and muddy threshold value are compared, according to newly connecing
Scope residing for the data of receipts judges sewage state, and obtained sewage state then is organized into state diagram again, by initial data,
State diagram and all history curve information are all unifiedly stored in database, and system that state diagram is shown and alarmed by terminal
System is issued.
The scope residing for data that basis in the step (53) newly receives judges what sewage state was realized in:
If the data newly received are located between the deviation scope of clear water threshold value, sewage state is judged for clear water, such as
The data that fruit newly receives are located between the deviation scope of muddy threshold value, then judge sewage state to gush mud.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Cesspool can be reliably monitored in real time using the present invention
In gush mud situation, adaptively gather arrangement data according to sewage actual conditions, reach the function of accurate early warning and alarm in real time,
It is specific as follows:
1, compared to traditional personal monitoring and single external import ultrasonic system is used, the present invention is multi-faceted (more
Group detection device, every group of device data path be separate), multi-mode monitoring (data combined treatment), the sensor of use is equal
For domestic part and homemade sensor device, possesses the advantages of maintenance and inspection are convenient, reliability is high, accuracy is high, cost is low.
Combined type gathered data equipment, in different depth, can configure the combination of different numbers according to client's concrete condition, reach early stage
The effect of sludge state is detected in time;
2, the present invention is intelligent internet of things system, i.e. software and hardware combining, realizes network data connecting path:It is wired, wireless
Or the monitoring mode of SMS notification, monitoring in real time can be realized by the mobile terminal such as PC, flat board, mobile phone app or software;
3, the data of collection are sent to server by data path and are uniformly processed, and are counted with adaptive model algorithm
The data come under sewage different situations, according to setting pattern carry out different modes alarm, such as lamp sudden strain of a muscle, buzzing, display end or
Person's short message alarm.The data collected in addition can be compressed processing according to algorithm, reduce carrying cost and facilitate history number
It is investigated that ask, and according to big data Information Statistics, the following sewage situation trend of prediction;
4, all data are uniformly processed by server end, it is possible to achieve more, the data analysis of more factories.
Brief description of the drawings
The structure chart of Fig. 1 present systems;
The step block diagram of Fig. 2 the inventive method.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As shown in figure 1, sludge status real time monitor and warning system of the present invention based on Internet of Things include three big composition portions
Point:Front end data detecting system, data base handling system, terminal is shown and warning system.
The front end data detecting system includes detection terminal, control and debugging unit, data transmission unit;By visiting
Survey rod (such as can be designed as cross section is square detector bar, and the length of rod is very long, can be deep into very deep water)
Multigroup photoelectric sensor and ultrasonic sensor are installed in medial and lateral, and detector bar is in itself and line forms detection terminal.It is described
Detection terminal includes multigroup photoelectric sensor, and every group of photoelectric sensor includes transmitting probe and receiving transducer, the transmitting probe
On the outside of detector bar on the wiring board of particularly customized photoelectric sensing cassette interior, launch light incessantly, it is described
In receiving transducer installation assist side adjacent locations, with probing light signal.Pass through the different height placement group in cesspool
Optics and ultrasonic sensor altogether, detect cesspool in be clear water or by muddiness sewage surround.
The ultrasonic sensor be arranged on detector bar side wall on, ultrasonic sensor pass through to direction sludge feed back
Return different distance values, it is possible to determine that whether the sludge state in water is that clear water is still muddy, then this distance
Data are given server and processed.
Light intensity sensing data of the photoelectric sensor by cesspool under cloudy state and clear water state, to define threshold
Value control final result.Current photoelectric coupling sensor typically uses infrared light supply, and its susceptibility to sewage is not high, therefore
The transmitting probe of photoelectric sensor in the present invention uses LED light source, and receiving transducer uses photo resistance, so in receiving transducer
The intensity of illumination scope at place is big, high to the susceptibility of sewage, can preferably monitor sludge situation.
Two kinds of sensings, which are used alone easily, there are some wrong report phenomenons, for example the feelings of ultrasonic sensor are only used only
Under condition, once the water surface falls into leaf or has barrier to appear in scanning area, it is possible to data exception can be caused, because
This reliability is not strong, analogue may also occurs if only using photoelectric sensor.Simultaneously using both, realize mutually
Mend, and placed by multigroup combination sensor in rational position, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of wrong report, then pass through service
Device end is reported by mistake by the optimization processing of data it is possible to prevente effectively from gushing mud.
The control and debugging unit include control module and debugging module, and the control module is used to collect data and lead to
Cross expansible mode and be transmitted to server, such as pass through cable network (Ethernet etc.), wireless network (WIFI, bluetooth, electricity
Believe carrier network etc.) etc..The data collecting probe of hardware aspect design is attached by serial ports line and agreement, and configuration can
Variable baud rate sends data to the receiving terminal of control module, and control module closes data preparation into set form, i.e. multi-group data
And get up and be uniformly sent to server.The debugging module be mainly by expand come LED module real-time display program
Debugging message and the data message collected.
The photoelectric sensing box primary structure of autonomous Design is described as follows, and is above the rectangular pyramid of closing, due in sewage
Maximum light comes from the diffused ray in sunshine and cesspool in pond, and its direction is substantially from top to down or parallel
, and the rectangular pyramid of lighttight closing substantially shelters from sunshine;Center section is the rectangular pyramid of interior receipts, it is upper it is big under
It is small, each there are the oriented side-lower fixation number of degrees in side of thickness, (concrete numerical value can be according to actual use feelings in the gap of width
Condition is configured), ensure that light parallel can not come in, facilitate sludge to enter box when being filled with, block photoelectric sensor, obtain
Specific light numerical value;Bottom is plane back cover, is designed with guiding gutter, is flowed out when facilitating sludge settling among box, accurate
Standby detection next time.The photoelectric sensing box can be with lucifuge, and sludge can freely come in and go out the device, pass through transmitting probe and reception
Probe is gone into data path.
Combined to collect the data of sewage by the array sensor placed from cesspool, then assisted by serial/parallel mouth
View is sent to control module, is then selected that the data being collected into are sent to clothes by wired or wireless mode according to hardware design
Business device;It can also be directly displayed by online debugging module and debug whether hardware connection is normal, and being connected with server is
It is no normal, whether the data of collection reasonable etc..Data transmission unit is by being integrated on control module wiring board, by controlling
The cable port (Ethernet) integrated above module circuitry plate either expands radio port (WIFI, bluetooth or the electricity come
Letter operator etc.) arrive server.
The data base handling system includes data receipt unit and data processing unit;
Data receipt unit and data transmission unit above are all possible by wired, wireless connection.The number of collection
It is uniformly processed according to server is sent to by data path, is come out with adaptive model algorithm under sewage different situations
Data, while data can upload to cloud server and carry out big data analysis.
The data processing unit is responsible for the storage, analysis, processing of data.Storage part is gone through using compression algorithm to save
History data space.Analysis and process part take suitable algorithm for data in the different characteristic that sewage is gushed when mud occurs
Processing, core data is the continuous data at clear water moment and muddy moment, carries out difference comparsion, then draws median, then
By quadratic linear interpolation place method linear approximation to clear water threshold value and muddy threshold value, the state for thus judging sewage be clear water also
It is to gush mud (i.e. muddy) situation.It is specific limpid, muddy that sludge is calculated in the data specifically collected from adaptive process
Threshold value, then algorithm consideration time, temperature and region etc. carry out numerical value study and export specific data result.
Table 1 is the related data obtained in Xi'an sewage treatment plant:
Sensor and data |
Photoelectric sensor (brightness value) |
Ultrasonic sensor (um) |
Clear water |
700+/-100 |
280+/-50 |
Gush mud |
200+/-50 |
4000+/-1000 |
Table 1
Be can be determined that by the data in table 1 in the sewage treatment plant, if the photoelectric sensor numerical value of monitoring 600~
Between 800, photoelectric sensor will be considered clear water, if instead between 150~250, will be considered as gushing pureed
State, the numerical value of ultrasonic sensor need to ask reciprocal, that is, under clear water state, if the data detected are 250, sludge
Distance to ultrasonic sensor is exactly that (ultrasonic wave of selection is under water if it exceeds 3.5mm cans by 1/250*1000=4mm
It is considered clear water state), and gush under pureed state, it is exactly that sludge range sensor is 1000/5000=0.2mm.
Comprise the following steps that:
1, receive the data of detection terminal;
2, self study is carried out according to data content and draws empirical value, regular threshold value (regular threshold value is drawn under long-term behavior
The reference value of continuous one month is generated by the time of long period-such as 2 weeks or one month), continuous one of regeneration
Season, the reference value of 1 year, made comparisons as reference input to existing test value, form a closed-loop system and then make following
Forward prediction;
3, then the data newly come according to threshold decision are organized into state diagram whether in the range of empirical data, original
Data and state diagram and all history curve information are all unifiedly stored in database.
The terminal is shown and warning system is then to be transferred to user terminal or alarm by the mode such as wired, wireless, short message
End, user terminal include but is not limited to computer, notebook, PAD, mobile phone, and warning end includes but is not limited to display screen, LED
Screen, buzzer, alarm lamp, status indicator lamp etc..The terminal is shown and warning system mainly connects database by terminal
The state diagram put in order is clearly shown, current sewage state is showed in real time by different colours, passes through sound, image
Or short message mode reminds staff.It can speculate what is be likely to occur in next step by history big data approach method simultaneously
Situation.
The data rate-determining steps of the present invention are as shown in Fig. 2 specific as follows:
(1) power-on self-test is carried out to the sludge status real time monitor based on Internet of Things and warning system;
(2) judge whether to start to detect, if it is, into (3), if it is not, then continuing waiting for, be judged as self-detection result
It is abnormal, debugging situation is shown by the debugging module, is checked and is repaired, is then back to (1);
(3) front end data detecting system gathered data, and transmit data to data base handling system;
(4) data base handling system receives data, judges whether this data is effective, if it is, into (5), if not,
Hash is then abandoned, is then back to (4);
(5) data base handling system is stored to data, analyzed and handled, and result shown by terminal and
Warning system is issued;
(6) terminate.
Using the system and method for the present invention, to by two kinds of sensor collections to data handle after, can be with
Send alarm in advance when gushing mud and occurring, the degree of accuracy is high, and the data being collected into can realize more, the data point of more factories
Analysis.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, be not limited solely to this
Invent the method described by above-mentioned embodiment, therefore previously described mode is simply preferable, and and without limitation
The meaning of property.