CN1076759A - Drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas soak alarm - Google Patents
Drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas soak alarm Download PDFInfo
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- CN1076759A CN1076759A CN93110874A CN93110874A CN1076759A CN 1076759 A CN1076759 A CN 1076759A CN 93110874 A CN93110874 A CN 93110874A CN 93110874 A CN93110874 A CN 93110874A CN 1076759 A CN1076759 A CN 1076759A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas and soak alarm, by sensor unit, microcomputer (main frame) shows, prints and warning part composition, is applicable to the level monitoring in oil, Di Kuang, salt industry drilling well and oil tank, water pot, reservoir dam and riverbed.Because sensor adopts Gray's code-bar, microcomputer technology to handle, instrument has that precision height, error are little, ball float and drilling fluid are difficult for bonding stuck advantage, can monitor toxic gas, and can send three looks, three tone alarm signals, each parameter print record in the time of will reporting to the police is simultaneously got off, be a kind of easy to maintenance, manipulate simple instrument.
Description
Drilling fluid well kick of the present invention, leakage, gas soak alarm and relate to the drilling technology field, are widely used in the level monitoring in oil, Di Kuang, salt industry drilling well and oil tank, water pot, reservoir dam and riverbed etc.
In oilfield explorating developing process, how to come equilibrium strata pressure by head of liquid in the well, when if this balance is in a single day destroyed, require operating personnel in time to find and to handle, this is to concern the raising bit speed, prevent the blowout firing accident, eliminate oil vapour pollution and all have important economic implications and social benefit.Existing by Martin Decker produced in USA (CTTS type) mud liquid surface detector, its structure is by sensor, main frame and display part are formed, its shortcoming is: 1, what the sensor of detection well kick, leakage adopted is multiturn potentiometer, display system adopts pointer-type to exist the situation that precision is low, error is big, and ball float and the bonding stuck problem of the easy generation of drilling fluid; 2, this instrument can only carry out monophone on duty stopping up reports to the police, and exists and manipulates all more complicated; 3, this detector can not be monitored fuel gas effectively in drilling process, lacks the effect that function is switched and adjusted at random; 4, the degree of accuracy that detects well kick, leakage is 2.5% can not satisfy the high request of mud level detection.
The purpose that drilling fluid well kick of the present invention, leakage, gas soak alarm, provide a kind of oil drilling that is widely used in, monitoring, alarming well kick, the gentle generation of soaking of leakage effectively, reach and prevent blowout, hydrogen sulfide or natural gas poisoning, avoid fire incident, play the purpose of safety, high-quality drilling well.
The design (Fig. 1) that drilling fluid well kick of the present invention, leakage, gas soak alarm is: be made up of sensor unit, microcomputer (main frame), demonstration and the part of reporting to the police, be sensor unit by ball float system, Gray code sensor, displacement reshaper, distributor, photoisolator, gas soaks sensing unit (comprising gas sensor) and forms; Microcomputer selects for use TP801 type single board computer (comprising printer) to form; Show and the part of reporting to the police is made up of time display, parameter display, audible-visual annunciator, and power circuit, power-off protecting circuit formation complete machine alarm.
The alarm of the present invention's design mainly is: be used for monitoring the total amount and the variable quantity of mud, because the volume of slurry tank is fixed, as long as energy measurement goes out the height of mud face, can calculate the volume of mud.It is general that the total amount and the variable quantity of mud are not constants in process of production, it is time dependent, this monitors liquid level variation at any time with regard to needs, and inventive point of the present invention is that the code-disc (bar) of using the big slightly float drive computer code of volume is monitored liquid level variation.Be mounted in by Fig. 1 ball float system that And passes to the Gray code sensor with the liquid level displacement in the drilling fluid slurry tank, be converted to the Gray code signal of telecommunication simultaneously, send into the displacement reshaper and after shaping, enter distributor, send into the optocoupler isolator of interface circuit again through the longer transmission cable, the digital pulse signal that plays input is converted to optical signal, export the pulse signal of 0～5V then again, enter microcomputer (TP801 type single board computer), through after the routine processes, if this test data can reach well kick or leakage alarm command, the parameter of delivering to audible-visual annunciator and microcomputer TP801 type by the connector circuit respectively shows the time showing printer, carry out sound and light alarm respectively and print the date, time, alarm content, the parameter variable quantity also shows the sound and light alarm signal simultaneously on the well site.
Gas soaks sensing unit by the QN-01B type semiconductor gas sensor that is equipped with in the height jar in umbrella plate and the gas-sensing probe, when it detects imflammable gas, promptly export certain electric current, this electric current is directly proportional with the concentration of imflammable gas, send into gas through cable then and soak element circuit, enter main frame through interface circuit again, after main frame is differentiated, send gas soak instruction through interface circuit input audible-visual annunciator carry out gas soak report to the police and strong and weakly show, time showing prints.
Microcomputer (main frame) is selected TP801 type single board computer (comprising printer) for use, also can select the microcomputer of other models for use; Power circuit adopts existing current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, adjustment circuit, reference power circuit, sample circuit, amplifying circuit to form, and direct current 5V is for computer and TTL circuit in the instrument, and 12V soaks circuit for alarm, gas, exchanges 36V and supplies well site, alarm lamp; Consider the situation of instrument in drilling team's environment for use condition difference simultaneously, in order to guarantee safety, this instrument has also been conceived the power-off protector circuit, so just constitutes complete machine alarm of the present invention.
The key technical indexes of the present invention is: measurement category: the m of n * (3-42)
3, the degree of accuracy is 0.25%, warning sensitivity is 0.1m
3, gas content≤0.5%.
The effect that drilling fluid well kick of the present invention, leakage, gas soak alarm is and has Martin Decker mud liquid surface detector now and compare: when 1, the alarm of this invention is installed in drilling team and uses, because sensor adopts Gray's code-bar, handle and digital display system through microcomputer technology, its warning degree of accuracy is 0.25%, improved the precision of instrument, have the precision height, error is little, is accurate to 0.1m
3Advantage and the effect that alleviates operator on duty's work load; 2, having can be with the date, and the time-division, initial amount presets parameter such as warning amount input microcomputer ， And and is printed on effect on the paper tape; 3, maximum characteristics of the present invention are to have hydrogen sulfide.Poisonous flammable gas such as natural gas can be monitored ， And can send alarm signal, its sensitivity≤(content 0.5%); 4, ball float and drilling fluid be difficult for to take place bonding stuck situation ， And can on dutyly stop up, well site and rig floor carry out the effect that three looks, three tone modes are reported to the police; Be applicable to any proportion and the viscosity of oil base, water base property mud, all be not afraid of the advantage of mud knot cake; 5, having the function of adjusting at random along with normal variation amount, can connect the effect of a plurality of sensors being installed in a plurality of slurry tanks or switching certain jar of monitoring, is a kind of easy to maintenance, manipulates simple instrument.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram that drilling fluid well kick of the present invention, leakage, gas soak alarm;
Fig. 2 is the installation drawing among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a ball float system front view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a ball float system left view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the front view of sensor among Fig. 3 (5);
Fig. 6 is the left view among Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is an A-A direction view among Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is a B-B direction view among Fig. 5;
Fig. 9 is an I portion enlarged drawing among Fig. 5;
Figure 10 is the vertical view of Fig. 5;
Figure 11 is a C-C direction view among Fig. 5;
Figure 12 is sensor unit circuitry figure;
Figure 13 is the distributor wiring diagram;
Figure 14 is photoelectric isolating circuit figure;
Figure 15 is the umbrella composition that hardens;
Figure 16 is that gas soaks the sensing unit circuit diagram;
Figure 17 is the time display circuit diagram;
Figure 18 is sound and light alarm circuit figure.
The embodiment that drilling fluid well kick of the present invention, leakage, gas soak alarm is: be installed as example with Fig. 2, wherein slurry tank, 1
#Sensor is by monitoring 1 tunnel control, and the present invention can design the alarm that a plurality of sensors are installed in a plurality of slurry tanks as required.
1, sensor unit: the ball float system is by Fig. 3～11 ball floats (1), guide peg (2) leading truck (3), and sensing rope (4) is formed.Ball float (1) adopts the GB708 type, 1.2mm thick cold-rolled steel sheet is welded, it is up and down cone, the middle part is a cylinder, cylindrical is φ 300mm, height is 270mm, the top is welded with the becket bridle of φ 8 * φ 12 * 1.5mm, being welded with two round pipe nipples on the cylindrical external diameter in middle part is connected with guide peg (2), the effect of ball float is that sensing mud liquid level variation (rise or fall) passes to the sensing rope, guide peg (2) is to make of the seamless steel pipe of φ 14 * 2 * 2200mm, and an end is connected on two round pipe nipples of ball float by the opening pin of four φ 3mm, and the other end penetrates in four groups of pulleys of four ends of upright connecting plate of leading truck (3).Its effect is a guiding of forming ball float with leading truck, and ball float can only be moved both vertically with the lifting of liquid level, prevents the ball float rotation, and drift and mud to the movable position of leading bonding or stuck situation take place.
Leading truck (3) is made up of upright connecting plate, pulley, tranverse connecting plate, fixed head, and appearance and size is 390 * 330mm, adopts the thick steel plate of 5mm to make.Four ends of upright connecting plate are equipped with the steel pulley of four groups of φ 32 * 16mm respectively, and the center to center distance of two upright connecting plates is 375mm, and leading truck is fastened on the base by the screw of fixed head with M16.
Sensing rope (4) is selected commercially available measurement rope for use, and an end is connected with the becket bridle at ball float top, and pulley, the slide block of the other end by sensor connects, and its effect is to pass to slide block on the sensor by the signal that ball float changes mud level.Sensor (5) is mainly by the pulley of φ 32 * 16mm, the slide block of 135 * 30 * 25mm, the dual sampling brush of the beryllium-bronze of 70 * 45 * 2mm, the Gray code printed panel of 480 * 80 * 2mm, the stainless steel guiding square column of 12 * 12 * 580mm, the steel counterweight of 160 * 50 * 25mm, the organic glass panel of 500 * 110 * 3mm is made shell with the general steel plate that 0.75mm is thick, its appearance and size is 813 * 155 * 85mm, be welded on the oil pipe of φ 70 * 158 * 5mm, insert in the base (6), use M
10Screw, base is welded on the slurry tank.
Many Gray's yardage word signals on the Gray code printed panel (Fig. 5,9), be connected by the input of φ 0.5mm multiply colloid copper cash with the displacement reshaper, the effect of sensor is by ball float and sensing rope the liquid level change of mud to be converted to the Gray code data signal, its course of action is to change when mud level, measure signal by ballottement and pass to the sensing rope, be delivered to slide block by pulley again, the dual sampling brush that slide block tightens also is converted to Gray's data signal thereupon changing on the Gray code printed panel, correspondence is connected the R of Figure 12
1-R
9On, become input displacement reshaper by two 74LS166 Ji Cheng Kuai And joint groups, 12 resistance in the circuit are ground resistance 12 * 3K Ω of device input, output connects the 74LS14 integrated package and forms the Si Mite circuit, the base stage that connects 3DG101C by the output of 12 pin, export 1 pin that is transferred to the distributor of Figure 13 through long cable by emitter stage, by the GT of 3 pin in long cable input connection Figure 14
1(GO102 type) photoelectric tube, output connects 1 pin of 74LS14 isolator, by 2 pin output PA
7Present embodiment Figure 13,14 phototube circuit and distributor are four the tunnel, can ball float and Gray's code-bar be installed in four slurry tanks, very cause can expand in a plurality of jars to install.
2, gas soaks sensing unit: by Fig. 2,15,16, gas soaks sensing unit by height jar, umbrella plate (Figure 15), gas-sensing probe, and pump bowl is formed.The height jar is the steel tank body formation of 810 * 1500 * 5mm by appearance and size, and tank body top is welded with the steel pump bowl of φ 100 * 300 * 3mm.Gas-sensing probe adopts commercially available QN-B type semiconductor gas sensor, uses M
3Screw is on probe holder, the probe holder cylindrical is welded on the bottom of circle in the pump bowl, is welded with the striker that the round steel of many φ 8mm is made on the surface of umbrella plate, and umbrella plate profile is a cone, it is of a size of φ 800 * 400mm, and cylindrical is welded on the inwall of height jar.The course of work is if being mingled with the mud of natural gas bubble in the overflow mouth of pipe flows in the height jar, impinges upon on the striker of umbrella plate, and bubble is punctured, and mud and gas carry out natural separation, and mud flows into vibrosieve below the umbrella plate.Gas rises and is converted to dc signal through QN-B type gas sensor Jian Ce And, soak circuit through four-core shielded cable input gas, through gas soak by force, gas soaks and sends into interface circuit after weak two threshold values circuit are differentiated, after importing host process again, print respectively that record is gentle to be soaked strong or gas soaks weak alarm indication.Promptly connect potentiometer W by the output of Figure 16 gas sensor
1Be 22K series resistance R
2Be 510 Ω, from potentiometer center output (about 0.7V) one tunnel through 220 Ω to BG
3(3DK
7) base stage, colelctor electrode connects 1/2 CH4010 integrated package, NAND gate YF
3, YF
4Output high level ， And is converted to by connection CH4010 integrated package and delivers to the PIO computer; The other end connects two-stage CH4010 integrated package after isolating, and connects BG
5(3DK
7) base stage ， And conducting make light emitting diode BG
6Luminous.
When the concentration of gas increases, if W
1Central point voltage is about 2.8V, then BG
4(3DK
7) Ji Ji And conducting, colelctor electrode connects CH4010 integrated package, NAND gate YF
1Output low level is closed YF
3, from YF
2Obtaining high level connects on the main frame PIO through the conversion of CH4010 integrated package.
3, time display, select the electronic digital clock of prior art for use by Figure 17, utilize the advantage of computer, directly obtain a second signal from the CZ/TO end of CTC, be connected into the counter of two 60 systems with two 74LS390 integrated packages, be used for the second between timing and divide, be connected into 24 systems with a slice 74LS390 integrated package again, be used for counting hour.
Time showing is lighted the LED digital code by counter 74LS390 integrated package output binary-coded decimal and is done the parameter demonstration.
The time tracer signal of giving computer is added on the data/address bus of computer behind eight grades of snubber 74LS244 type integrated packages, and computer reads time data by 74LS244 type integrated package sheet choosing end Q in good time.
4, audible-visual annunciator: by Figure 18 is to send alarm signal when COMPUTER DETECTION when generation well kick, leakage or gas soak, this signal one is to be used for starting printer the moment and the relevant reference record that take place to report to the police are got off, the 2nd, be used for open alarm circuit, provide the sound and light alarm signal.Export by computer.Connect BG
1Base stage (3D101C), emitter stage serial connection BG
2(2CP
12), BG
3(3CG
4E) paraphase, F555 makes oscillator by two-stage, and well kick is got C
1Be 4.7 μ f, C
2Be 1 μ f, leakage is got C
1Be 10 μ f, to gas leaching C
1Be 22 μ f, the modulating oscillation signal connects transformer B and is coupled to BG
12(3DG182) and BG
13(3DD
4) form Darlington circuit and carry out power amplifier and promote Y
1, Y
2Loudspeaker.
By BG
3Emitter stage connects CO36A and forms voltage controlled oscillator, is used for controlling flashing rate ， And by BG
7, BG
9(3DG101C) form darlington amplifying circuit, trigger bidirectional triode thyristor SCR and light alarm lamp ZDo, be connected in series BG simultaneously
9, BG
8(LED) also provide flashing signal.
For computer, TTL circuit, 12V soaks circuit for warning circuit, gas to power supply with direct current 5V, exchange 36V for well site, alarm lamp, and the power-off protector circuit bank becomes alarm of the present invention.
5, microcomputer: select the TP801 type single board computer of prior art for use, comprise printer, also can adopt the microcomputer of other models or ic circuit to make single board computer (Fig. 2), each circuit with being connected of computer is:
(1), computer and sensor is connected
Output: by PB6 output clock, PB5 output shift signal is to sensor.
Input: the string that PA7 is input to the sensor slurry tank respectively goes out.
(2), computer soaks being connected of circuit with time, gas
Output: computer adds a slice 74LS138 integrated package, by Y., Y
1Output when reading, read dividing control signal; ZC/TO by CTC exports the counting end of second signal to time circuit.
Input: the output of time circuit 74LS244 integrated package is connected on the data/address bus of computer, reads in the time for computer;
Gas soaks the PAo of the output of testing circuit by computer, PA
1
(3), computer and warning circuit is connected
Output: the PB of computer
0～PB
3Exporting well kick, leakage, gas respectively soaks, makes mistakes and misrepresent deliberately warning signal to warning circuit.
(4), computer is connected with other
The required power supply of computer is supplied with by power circuit, the PA of computer
2Be connected to well and select switch, PA
3Be connected to time switch.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas soaks alarm, by sensor unit, microcomputer (main frame), show and the part composition of reporting to the police, it is characterized in that the ball float system is installed in the drilling fluid slurry tank, liquid level variation is passed to Gray code sensor And be converted to the Gray code signal of telecommunication, send into the displacement reshaper, connect distributor, send into the photoelectrical coupler of interface circuit again through the longer transmission cable, enter microcomputer (TP801 type single board computer) well kick takes place, the leakage alarm command, the parameter that connects audible-visual annunciator and microcomputer by the connecting interface circuit respectively shows time showing, each parameter of printer record; By umbrella plate of installing in the height jar and the gas sensor output current in the gas-sensing probe, connect gas through long cable and soak element circuit, send gas through interface circuit connection microcomputer and soak instruction, the parameter that connects audible-visual annunciator and microcomputer through interface circuit shows, time showing, each parameter of printer record constitutes alarm.
2, alarm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the ball float system is by ball float (1) guide peg (2), leading truck (3), sensing rope (4) is formed, ball float is up and down a cone, the top is welded with becket bridle, being welded with two round pipe nipples on the cylindrical external diameter in middle part is connected with guide peg (2), one end of guide peg is by on two round pipe nipples on four pins connection ball floats, the other end penetrates in four groups of pulleys of four ends of upright connecting plate of leading truck (3), leading truck is fastened on the base (6) with screw by fixed head, sensing rope one end is connected with the becket bridle at ball float top, and the other end is by the pulley of sensor (5), slide block, the dual sampling brush of beryllium-bronze, the Gray code printed panel, the guiding square column, the shell that counterweight constitutes connects.
3, alarm according to claim 2 is characterized in that the Gray code printed panel by many Gray's yardage word signals, and the multiply colloid copper cash by φ 0.5mm is connected R
1～R
9On, import the displacement reshapers by two 74LS166 integrated package Zu Cheng And connection, output connects the 74LS14 integrated package, and by the base stage of 12 pin output connection 3DG101C, emitter stage connects 1 pin of distributor, connects GT by the output of 3 pin through long cable
1(GO102) photoelectric tube, output connects 1 pin of 74LS14 isolator, is connected the PA of microcomputer PT801 type by the output of 2 pin
7
4, alarm according to claim 1 is characterized in that gas soaks element circuit by QN-B type gas sensor, uses M
3Be fixed on the probe holder, the probe holder cylindrical is welded on the bottom of circle in the pump bowl, and gas sensor output connects potentiometer W
1, resistance R
2, from W
1The center is exported one the tunnel and is connected R
3Be that 220 Ω are to BG
3Base stage, colelctor electrode connects 1/2 CH4010 integrated package, YF
3, YF
4, output connects CH4010 and is transferred to PIO again, and another road connects BG after connecting the isolation of two-stage CH4010 integrated package
6Base stage ， And conducting make BG
7Luminous; W
1Central point connects BG
4Base stage ， And conducting, colelctor electrode connects 1/2 CH4010 integrated package, YF
1, close YF
3, from YF
2Connecting CH4010 integrated package ， And conversion connects on the PIO.
5, alarm according to claim 1 is characterized in that being welded with many steel strikers on the surface of umbrella plate, and umbrella plate profile is a cone, and cylindrical is welded on the inwall of height jar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93110874A CN1076759A (en) | 1993-02-16 | 1993-02-16 | Drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas soak alarm |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93110874A CN1076759A (en) | 1993-02-16 | 1993-02-16 | Drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas soak alarm |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1076759A true CN1076759A (en) | 1993-09-29 |
Family
ID=4988693
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93110874A Pending CN1076759A (en) | 1993-02-16 | 1993-02-16 | Drilling fluid well kick, leakage, gas soak alarm |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1076759A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1052776C (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 2000-05-24 | 大港石油管理局钻采工艺研究院 | Dynamic method for monitoring the advanced direction of injected water into water injection well |
| CN102041994A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-05-04 | 上海科油石油仪器制造有限公司 | Hydrogen sulfide early-warning measuring method |
| CN102121379A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-13 | 濮阳市百福瑞德石油科技有限公司 | Surge and wave prevention laser liquid level monitor |
| CN104695947A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 通用电气公司 | Well kick detecting system and method |
| CN104695904A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-06-10 | 王建军 | Well control signal transmission instrument |
| CN104747172A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-01 | 西南石油大学 | Leakage spray conversion alarm system used for drilling meeting multi-pressure system stratums and method thereof |
-
1993
- 1993-02-16 CN CN93110874A patent/CN1076759A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1052776C (en) * | 1994-08-31 | 2000-05-24 | 大港石油管理局钻采工艺研究院 | Dynamic method for monitoring the advanced direction of injected water into water injection well |
| CN102041994A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-05-04 | 上海科油石油仪器制造有限公司 | Hydrogen sulfide early-warning measuring method |
| CN102121379A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-07-13 | 濮阳市百福瑞德石油科技有限公司 | Surge and wave prevention laser liquid level monitor |
| CN102121379B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2014-03-05 | 濮阳市百福瑞德石油科技有限公司 | Surge and wave prevention laser liquid level monitor |
| CN104695947A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 通用电气公司 | Well kick detecting system and method |
| CN104695904A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-06-10 | 王建军 | Well control signal transmission instrument |
| CN104747172A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-07-01 | 西南石油大学 | Leakage spray conversion alarm system used for drilling meeting multi-pressure system stratums and method thereof |
| CN104695904B (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-12-08 | 王建军 | Well control signal issues instrument |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |