CN107675067A - A kind of ferrosilicon smelting method - Google Patents
A kind of ferrosilicon smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107675067A CN107675067A CN201710852993.9A CN201710852993A CN107675067A CN 107675067 A CN107675067 A CN 107675067A CN 201710852993 A CN201710852993 A CN 201710852993A CN 107675067 A CN107675067 A CN 107675067A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
- C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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Abstract
A kind of ferrosilicon smelting method provided by the invention, the smelting region of mineral hot furnace is divided into central area and around the annular rim region on the outside of the central area, the silica of all areas and the total mass ratio of semi-coke are 2.4 in the mineral hot furnace:1‑3:1；The silica of the central area addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 5:1‑3:1；The silica of the annular rim region addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 1.5:1‑2.5:1.Compared to traditional ferrosilicon smelting technique, ferrosilicon smelting method of the invention, the silica of inferior quality can be used to be produced, also, its product quality and efficiency are improved, additionally it is possible to effectively to reduce energy consumption and cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ironmaking technology, more particularly, to a kind of ferrosilicon smelting method.
Background technology
Ferrosilicon is the alloy of iron and silicon, and it is formed by raw material refining of silica, charcoal and iron charge, can be widely applied for low conjunction
In golden structural steel, spring steel, bearing steel, heat resisting steel and electrical steel.The smelting production of ferrosilicon is the arc heat as caused by electrode
And resistance heat caused by the furnace charge with necessarily matching (silica, semi-coke, iron charge), melt furnace charge.Under the high temperature conditions, with reduction
Charcoal in agent semi-coke captures the oxygen in silica silica, generates gaseous carbon monoxide and is escaped by the bed of material from fire door by silicon
Element reduction comes out, with the ferro element of melting meet generation ferrosilicon thermal chemical reaction carry out smelting production.
Traditional smelting operation is applied in industry at present, higher are required to the indices of furnace charge.Especially to the chemistry of silica
Composition and physical property requirements are high.Such as Publication No. CN104342595A Chinese patent application, it discloses a kind of silicon
The production technology of ferroalloy.The technique is by three kinds of silica, semi-coke or coke, iron ball nodulizing raw materials with 200:(110-120):(42-
74) weight is smelted than being sent into smelting furnace after mixing, and is come out of the stove and is poured obtained Antaciron.Wherein, in the composition of silica
SiO2>=96%.
Production technology in above-mentioned application, the preferable Antaciron of quality can be prepared.But in face of increasingly deficient
Silica resource and Environment Protection Policy implementation, supply falls short of demand for high-quality silica.And adopted in traditional smelting operation method
During with the silica of inferior quality, mineral hot furnace crucible area can be caused to reduce, the step of thermal chemical reaction is affected, mineral hot furnace operating mode
The frequency increase of deterioration, the element silicon rate of recovery reduce, and the difficulty increase of adjustment mineral hot furnace operating mode, production target relatively uses high quality silicon
Stone is had a greatly reduced quality, and is extremely unfavorable for normal smelt and is produced.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of ferrosilicon smelting method for overcoming above mentioned problem or solving the above problems at least in part, with
Solve to be difficult with inferior silica in traditional ferrosilicon production process to be produced, can cause heating blowing-out frequently, production target
The technical problem declined with efficiency.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of ferrosilicon smelting method, the conversion zone in mineral hot furnace is divided into by it
Central area and annular rim region, annular rim region are surrounded on the outside of central area.For preparing the raw material point of ferrosilicon
It is not thrown in central area and annular rim region, and is reacted in mineral hot furnace.Specifically, the raw material for preparing ferrosilicon is mainly
Silica, semi-coke and iron charge.
It is understood that the conversion zone in mineral hot furnace is divided into central area and annular rim region, might not
It is the change of substantial structure, the region that can be the difference of blowing ratio and be formed is different.Semi-coke in raw material or
Coke or other carbonaceous materials；Iron charge can be the ferrous material such as steel cuttings or iron ball nodulizing, as long as disclosure satisfy that production requirement i.e.
Can.
Specifically, the silica of all areas and the total mass ratio of semi-coke are 2.4 in mineral hot furnace:1-3:1, on this basis,
The silica and the amount of semi-coke that different regions is launched in mineral hot furnace are different.By adjusting different zones alkali silica reaction
Semi-coke participation amount, reach the purpose of adjustment alkali silica reaction efficiency.Simultaneously, additionally it is possible to make mineral hot furnace stable, avoid warm in stove
Degree fluctuates and influences production, reduces heating blowing-out number, improves equipment operation efficiency.
Further, the silica and the mass ratio of semi-coke being thrown in central area are 5:1-3:1；It is thrown to ring edge
The mass ratio of silica and semi-coke in region is 1.5:1-2.5:1.Because central area is closer to electrode, it is easy to heated heating.
Meanwhile silica and the mass ratio of semi-coke in the central area of mineral hot furnace is set to be maintained at the silica of larger scope, i.e. central area
Injected volume it is more, and the injected volume of semi-coke is less.
Specifically, due to the silica of inferior quality, under identical temperature conditionss, its crystal transition process is slower than quality better
Silica.Therefore, in smelt production, silica for inferior quality is, it is necessary to higher reaction temperature and longer anti-
Between seasonable, so that silica reacts with semi-coke, reduction obtains silicon.The silicon being reduced reacts with iron charge under the high temperature conditions, that is, is formed
Ferrosilicon.
In the present invention, in addition to special indicate, silica refers to the silica of inferior quality.
And when launching substantial amounts of silica and lesser amount of semi-coke in the central area of mineral hot furnace, because silica crystal transition delays
Slowly, its resistance for being advantageous to improve mineral hot furnace central area, making it, the temperature of mineral hot furnace central area can under heating status
Further lifting, make the temperature of mineral hot furnace central area higher than the temperature under DC Electric Field.Mineral hot furnace central area temperature
The lifting of degree, the silica of inferior quality is issued raw reduction reaction in less semi-coke effect, make SiO2Reduction.
Specifically, when silica content apparently higher than semi-coke content when, i.e., under the hot conditions in central area, melt
Melting the reaction of silica and semi-coke in silicate can use formula (1)-(3) to represent：
SiO2+ C=SiO ↑+CO (1)
2SiO2+ SiC=3SiO ↑+CO is (2)
SiO2+ Si=2SiO ↑ (3)
I.e. when semi-coke content is less, silica reacts with semi-coke, and it is in largely gaseous SiO intermediate products that can produce.
Flowed in gaseous SiO in intermediate region and annular rim region.
In annular rim region, the mass ratio of silica and semi-coke is of a relatively high, under conditions of rich charcoal, in gaseous SiO
Generation SiC is reacted with semi-coke.Its course of reaction can be represented by the formula：
SiO+2C=SiC+CO is (4)
Under the high temperature conditions, intermediate region is with after each autoreaction of material in annular rim region, producing in being in gaseous
Between product or the intermediate product of other molten conditions, mutually flowed between intermediate region and annular rim region, it is each to promote
Further reacted from region.
Specifically, the semi-coke amount of central area is very few, and silica lacks necessary reducing agent, be unfavorable in reduction process
The reaction of silica is smoothed out；The semi-coke of central area is excessive, can increase the consumption of semi-coke, increases cost.And ring edge area
The semi-coke amount in domain is very few, changes the rich carbon ring border of silica, and the reduction reaction of silica need at higher temperatures be carried out, can increased
Energy consumption；The semi-coke amount of annular rim region is excessive, can equally increase cost.
Therefore, the conversion zone of mineral hot furnace is divided into intermediate region and annular rim region, and in intermediate region missile
The larger silica of the mass values of matter and semi-coke.For the silica of inferior quality because crystal transition is slow, it is very few in semi-coke content
It in hot environment, can increase the resistance in the region.In the presence of extra electric field, the temperature rise of central area can
Promote the silica of central area that reduction reaction can take place in the presence of less semi-coke.Therefore, it is possible to effective
Reduce the power consumption of mineral hot furnace.
And the relatively small silica of mass values and semi-coke are launched in annular rim region, make the silicon in annular rim region
Under the action condition of rich charcoal reduction reaction can quickly occur for stone.Therefore, silica and the total mass ratio of semi-coke in mineral hot furnace
In the case of stable, the semi-coke content of different zones is different, it is possible to increase the reaction rate of silica, reduces institute in production process
The energy consumption needed.
Further, since the silica added in different zones and semi-coke are simply adjusted in the conversion zone inside mineral hot furnace
Ratio, the structure of mineral hot furnace can't be changed, it is not required that change each technological parameter of ferrosilicon smelting.Therefore, its strong applicability,
Technique productions transformation is convenient.Meanwhile during ferrosilicon smelting, used is the silica that silica can be inferior quality, moreover it is possible to
It is enough further to reduce cost.
In another specific embodiment, the silica of the central area addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 4.3:1-
3.7:1；The silica of the annular rim region addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 1.7:1-2.3:1；Preferably, the center
The silica of domain addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 4:1；The silica of the annular rim region addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 2:
1。
In another specific embodiment, the weight/mass percentage composition of silica is 92-94% in the silica.Although
Using the silica of inferior quality, but it is similar to the reaction temperature of the preferable silica of quality, it can significantly reduce cost.Meanwhile
Pass through subregion, additionally it is possible to reduce energy consumption, improve product quality.
In another specific embodiment, the area ratio of the central area and the fringe region is 2.5:1-1:1；
Preferably 1.5:1.Specifically, according to the quality of silica, and the factor such as production efficiency of mineral hot furnace, central area in mineral hot furnace
Can suitably it be adjusted with the size of annular rim region.Meanwhile the area of central area is more than ring edge area
The area in domain, be advantageous to the lifting of real reaction temperature in mineral hot furnace, beneficial to being smoothed out for alkali silica reaction.
In another specific embodiment, the area of the central area is the 50-75% for the area for smelting region；Institute
The area for stating annular rim region is the 25-50% of the area in smelting region.
In another specific embodiment, the silica added in the central area in the annular rim region with adding
The mass ratio of the silica added is 1.2:1-0.9:1.Specifically, the ratio of the silica of central area and the interior addition of annular rim region
Difference, then its amount of semi-coke each added in region also differ.Closed by the mass ratio for the silica for adjusting two regions
Suitable scope, may advantageously facilitate the reduction reaction of silica in two regions, and enable the intermediate product in two regions mutual
Promote, in favor of the reduction reaction of silica, obtain silicon.
In another specific embodiment, silica, semi-coke and the iron charge of addition in the mineral hot furnace, wherein, the silicon
The mass percent of stone is 60-65%；The mass percent of the semi-coke is 22-27%；The mass percent of the iron charge is
12-17%.Specifically, in mineral hot furnace in the raw material of addition, silica, semi-coke and iron charge, its respective mass percent are maintained at
Suitable scope, the silicon that silica reduces to obtain can be made sufficiently to be reacted with iron charge, obtain ferrosilicon.Meanwhile also avoid semi-coke
It is excessively used, and expends energy.
In another specific embodiment, the mass percent of the silica is 64%；The quality percentage of the semi-coke
Than for 24%；The mass percent of the iron charge is 12%.
In another specific embodiment, the reaction temperature in the mineral hot furnace is 1400-1900 DEG C, is preferably
1600-1800℃.It is divided into intermediate region and annular rim region in mineral hot furnace, and the silica and semi-coke launched in respective region
Quality it is different so that the reaction temperature in mineral hot furnace need not be raised to higher so that the reaction temperature of the silica of inferior quality
Degree is similar with the reaction temperature of the silica of quality better, without extra consumption energy again.
Using method of the invention, it is possible to effectively reduce heating blowing-out number, the organic efficiency of element silicon is by before
85% or so is promoted to more than 93%.Also, the average daily yield of single stove is promoted to 38.5 tons by before 35.78 tons.Power consumption
By 8303 KWhs/ton before, 8180 KWhs/ton are reduced to.And FeSi75 product qualification rates by 51.42% be promoted to 60% with
On.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly as follows：Mineral hot furnace is divided into central area and the annular edge around the central area
Edge region, in mineral hot furnace in the case of the silica mass ratio stabilization total with semi-coke, the silica and semi-coke launched in central area
Mass values it is larger, and annular rim region launch silica and semi-coke mass values it is smaller, make central area because of silica
Crystal transition is slow and raises resistance, so as to improve the reaction temperature of central area under conditions of it need not additionally consume energy, makes
Under conditions of semi-coke content is less reduction reaction can smoothly occur for the silica of inferior quality；Meanwhile ring edge area
Reduction reaction reduction silicon then can smoothly occur under conditions of rich charcoal for domain, and then reacts and obtain ferrosilicon.It can effectively reduce
Energy consumption and cost, improve reaction efficiency and product quality.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for
Illustrate the present invention, but be not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The conversion zone of mineral hot furnace is divided into central area and annular rim region, the area of central area accounts for overall reaction area
The 60% of domain, the area of annular rim region account for the 40% of overall reaction region.
Raw material, raw material SiO are added in mineral hot furnace2Content is 92% silica, semi-coke and iron charge.
The quality of the silica added in central area accounts for the 32% of raw material gross mass, the matter for the semi-coke added in central area
Amount accounts for the 8% of raw material gross mass, and the quality of the iron charge added in central area accounts for the 6.5% of raw material gross mass；Ring edge area
The quality of the silica added in domain accounts for the 32% of raw material gross mass, and it is total to account for raw material for the quality of the semi-coke of addition in annular rim region
The 15% of quality, the quality of the iron charge of the interior addition of annular rim region account for the 6.5% of raw material gross mass.
Reaction temperature in mineral hot furnace is 1700 DEG C.React under this condition, the index of ferrosilicon production can reach：Power consumption is
8200 KWhs/ton, single average daily yield of stove is 37.50 ton per days, and FeSi75 product qualification rates are 58%.
Embodiment 2
Using method same as Example 1, it the difference is that only：The area of central area accounts for overall reaction region
70%, the area of annular rim region accounts for the 30% of overall reaction region.
React under this condition, the index of ferrosilicon production can reach：Power consumption is 8220 KWhs/ton, and single average daily yield of stove is
36.50 ton per days, FeSi75 product qualification rates are 50%.
Embodiment 3
Using method same as Example 1, it the difference is that only：The quality for the semi-coke added in central area accounts for
The 6.5% of raw material gross mass；The quality of the semi-coke of addition accounts for the 16.5% of raw material gross mass in annular rim region.
React under this condition, the index of ferrosilicon production can reach：Power consumption is 8180 KWhs/ton, and single average daily yield of stove is
38.50 ton per days, FeSi75 product qualification rates are 62%.
Embodiment 4
Using method same as Example 1, it the difference is that only：The quality of the silica added in central area accounts for
The 35% of raw material gross mass, the quality of the semi-coke added in central area account for the 8.5% of raw material gross mass, addition in central area
The quality of iron charge account for the 6.5% of raw material gross mass；The quality of the silica of addition accounts for raw material gross mass in annular rim region
30%, the quality of the semi-coke of the interior addition of annular rim region accounts for the 13.5% of raw material gross mass, is added in annular rim region
The quality of iron charge accounts for the 6.5% of raw material gross mass.
React under this condition, the index of ferrosilicon production can reach：Power consumption is 8300 KWhs/ton, and single average daily yield of stove is
36.00 ton per days, FeSi75 product qualification rates are 51%.
Finally, method of the invention is only preferable embodiment, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the protection of the present invention should be included in
Within the scope of.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. ferrosilicon smelting method, it is characterised in that：The smelting region of mineral hot furnace is divided into central area and around in this The annular rim region of heart areas outside, the silica of all areas and the total mass ratio of semi-coke are 2.4 in the mineral hot furnace:1-3: 1；The silica of the central area addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 5:1-3:1；The silica of annular rim region addition with The mass ratio of semi-coke is 1.5:1-2.5:1.
- A kind of 2. ferrosilicon smelting method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The silica of the central area addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 4.3:1-3.7:1；The annular rim region addition Silica and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 1.7:1-2.3:1；Preferably, the silica of the central area addition and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 4:1；The silicon of the annular rim region addition Stone and the mass ratio of semi-coke are 2:1.
- A kind of 3. ferrosilicon smelting method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The matter of silica in the silica Amount percentage composition is 92-94%.
- A kind of 4. ferrosilicon smelting method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The central area and the annular The area ratio of fringe region is 2.5:1-1:1；Preferably 1.5:1.
- A kind of 5. ferrosilicon smelting method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The area of the central area is smelting area The 50-75% of the area in domain；The area of the annular rim region is the 25-50% for the area for smelting region.
- A kind of 6. ferrosilicon smelting method as described in claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that：Added in the central area Silica and the annular rim region in the mass ratio of silica of addition be 1.2:1-0.9:1.
- A kind of 7. ferrosilicon smelting method as described in claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that：Addition in the mineral hot furnace Silica, semi-coke and iron charge, wherein, the mass percent of the silica is 60-65%；The mass percent of the semi-coke is 22- 27%；The mass percent of the iron charge is 12-17%.
- A kind of 8. ferrosilicon smelting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The mass percent of the silica is 64%；The mass percent of the semi-coke is 23%；The mass percent of the iron charge is 13%.
- A kind of 9. ferrosilicon smelting method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：Reaction temperature in the mineral hot furnace is 1400-1900 DEG C, preferably 1600-1800 DEG C.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108677082A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-19 | 青海百通高纯材料开发有限公司 | A kind of low borosilicate iron product and its smelting process |
| CN108715972A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-30 | 青海百通高纯材料开发有限公司 | A kind of low-phosphorous silicon iron product and its smelting process |
| CN108754143A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-06 | 鄂尔多斯市西金矿冶有限责任公司 | A method of producing Antaciron using metallurgical white residue |
| EP3865599A4 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-07-13 | "Slavross", LLC | Charge for manufacturing ferrosilicon |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104342595A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-11 | 内蒙古大唐国际再生资源开发有限公司 | Production technology of ferrosilicon alloy |
| CN105779853A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Method for preparing ferrosilicon |
| CN105886765A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Method for producing ferrosilicon |
-
2017
- 2017-09-20 CN CN201710852993.9A patent/CN107675067B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104342595A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-11 | 内蒙古大唐国际再生资源开发有限公司 | Production technology of ferrosilicon alloy |
| CN105779853A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Method for preparing ferrosilicon |
| CN105886765A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | Method for producing ferrosilicon |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108754143A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-06 | 鄂尔多斯市西金矿冶有限责任公司 | A method of producing Antaciron using metallurgical white residue |
| CN108677082A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-19 | 青海百通高纯材料开发有限公司 | A kind of low borosilicate iron product and its smelting process |
| CN108715972A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-10-30 | 青海百通高纯材料开发有限公司 | A kind of low-phosphorous silicon iron product and its smelting process |
| CN108677082B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2020-08-04 | 青海百通高纯材料开发有限公司 | Low-boron ferrosilicon product and smelting method thereof |
| EP3865599A4 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2022-07-13 | "Slavross", LLC | Charge for manufacturing ferrosilicon |
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