CN107670653B - Papermaking sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Papermaking sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C08G18/6655—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/32 or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3225 or C08G18/3271 and/or polyamines of C08G18/38 with compounds of group C08G18/3271
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a papermaking sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound and a preparation method and application thereof. Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a papermaking sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound and a preparation method and application thereof. The papermaking sludge fiber micropore oil absorption compound consists of a sludge fiber master batch, a polyurethane prepolymer, a stabilizer and a foaming agent; wherein the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch to the polyurethane prepolymer to the stabilizer to the foaming agent is 22-35: 36-50: 9-12: 15-20; the materials adopted by the invention are all cheap and easily available materials, and the preparation method is simple and convenient. The oil absorption dam can be widely applied to the occasions of sudden large-area or large-volume oil leakage pollution, and can quickly construct strip-shaped or sheet-shaped oil absorption belts through spray forming, define the leakage range, or quickly form the oil absorption dam body by combining concrete, wood blocks and sandbags. The barrier belt with the thickness of 3-10 m3 can be formed and constructed within 5-15 min.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a papermaking sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The papermaking sludge has large yield, complex components and difficult treatment, causes great pollution harm to the ecological environment, and is a research hotspot and difficulty in the field of environmental protection in recent years. The papermaking sludge mainly comprises: primary sludge generated in the log fiber production process of a paper mill, deinking sludge generated in the deinking of recycled waste paper, and secondary sludge generated in the sewage treatment end product of the paper mill, wherein a mixture of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is also called mixed sludge. The papermaking sludge contains 38-51% of organic matter, mainly contains high molecular organic matter such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, papermaking chemical additives and the like, wherein the content of fiber substances accounts for 27-39% of the total weight of the sludge. The heavy metal content of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is low, and the method is a high-quality biomass resource and has good recycling value. The conventional treatment method for paper sludge is landfill or incineration, and the method wastes high-quality cellulose materials in the paper sludge. If the composting method is adopted for treatment, the cellulose in the compost needs to be subjected to destabilization pretreatment to improve the degradability of the cellulose, and a large amount of acid-base chemical raw materials need to be consumed.
The core raw materials of the invention adopt primary sludge and secondary sludge produced in the paper making industry, different pretreatment processes are adopted for the primary sludge and the secondary sludge, the chemical modification of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is realized, the stability of the framework structure of sludge cellulose is fully utilized, and the cross-linking support is provided for the composite oil absorption belt. The composite oil absorption belt is formed by matching with auxiliary materials such as polyurethane prepolymer, stabilizer, foaming agent and the like through a rapid forming technology, so that high-efficiency adsorption of oil pollutants is realized. The method can be widely applied to the occasions where large-area or large-volume oil leakage pollution occurs suddenly, can quickly define the leakage range, and provides a novel emergency means for efficiently handling oil pollution accidents. The method has high social value and good market popularization value for enterprise safe production and environmental ecological protection.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a papermaking sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound and a preparation method and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a papermaking sludge fiber micropore oil absorption compound consists of a sludge fiber master batch, a polyurethane prepolymer, a stabilizer and a foaming agent; wherein the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch to the polyurethane prepolymer to the stabilizer to the foaming agent is 22-35: 36-50: 9-12: 15-20;
the sludge fiber master batch is obtained by taking primary sludge and secondary sludge generated in the papermaking industry as raw materials through fiber material extraction and drying pretreatment processes;
the polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by the following method: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.08-0.12, dehydrating for 1.5-2.0 hours at 90-105 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1: 1.2-1.8, gradually heating to 25-90 ℃, reacting for 1.5-2.0 hours, and defoaming to obtain the polyurethane prepolymer.
According to the preferable scheme of the invention, the primary sludge has the water content of 65-73% and the cellulose content of 42-53%.
According to the preferable scheme of the invention, the secondary sludge has the water content of 72-78% and the cellulose content of 35-40%.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the preparation method of the sludge fiber master batch comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 40-60 s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; and then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, removing coarse inorganic substances at a rotating speed of 1500-1700 r/min by a difference rotating speed of 1.5-2.0 r/min, and drying at the temperature of 90-105 ℃ for 30-45 min to prepare the sludge fiber master batch.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stabilizer of the present invention is a stabilizer of the present invention, wherein the stabilizer is a mixture of 1: 2.5 to 3.0 of a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foaming agent is a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the mass percent of the sodium dodecyl sulfate solution is 20-35%.
The preparation method of the quickly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sludge fiber master batch: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 40-60 s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, and removing coarse inorganic substances by adopting a rotary drum rotating speed of 1500-1700 r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.5-2.0 r/min; finally, drying the mixture for 30-45 min at the temperature of 90-105 ℃ to prepare a sludge fiber master batch;
(2) preparation of polyurethane prepolymer: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.08-0.12, dehydrating for 1.5-2.0 hours at 90-105 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1: 1.2-1.8, gradually heating to 25-90 ℃, reacting for 1.5-2.0 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5-3.0, uniformly mixing carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide to prepare a stabilizer, and uniformly mixing the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer and the stabilizer at a temperature of 75-80 ℃ according to a volume ratio of 22-35: 36-50: 9-12;
(4) and (3) taking a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution as a foaming agent, adding the sodium dodecyl sulfate solution into the material in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of 22-35: 36-50: 9-12: 15-20 of the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer, the stabilizer and the foaming agent, slightly stirring at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and slowly and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 30r/min to prepare the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound.
The invention relates to an application of a quickly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound for quickly adsorbing oil substances, which comprises the following specific application methods: filling the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound into a sealed pressure-resistant aerosol can, wherein the pressure in the can is 5-6 kg/cm when the can is kept at 25 DEG C2The tank opening is provided with a switch and a flow valve, and after the tank body switch is opened, the flow valve is rotated to adjust the flow of the gas fog, the gas fog is sprayed to an oil pollutant area, and a fiber complex rich in foam is sprayed out to adsorb and wrap the oil pollutants.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the papermaking sludge as a core functional material, effectively plays the role of sludge fiber tissue, realizes the waste utilization of the sludge, opens up a new application idea for the sludge treatment and disposal, and belongs to a novel comprehensive resource utilization technology. Meanwhile, a convenient and efficient novel emergency material is provided for the increasingly severe emergency treatment of oil pollution accidents of enterprises, pollution diffusion is avoided, and social stability is guaranteed.
2. The papermaking sludge fiber rapid forming compound prepared by the invention is of a skeleton structure with sludge fibers as a mixture, can play a role in assisting the crosslinking and combination of all components, and has strong stability. Improves the lipophilicity of a composite material system, and solves the problem that the common foamed polyurethane material has poor adsorption property and can not be used for adsorbing oil stains on polluted sites. The components of the oil absorption belt utilize high molecular organic matters such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and the like in the sludge, belong to degradable cellulose substrates, enhance the degradability of the oil absorption belt after emergency accident disposal, enhance the environmental friendliness of the oil absorption belt, and are favorable for avoiding secondary pollution hidden danger brought to the environment after the oil absorption belt is abandoned to a landfill. After the adsorption of the oil stain is finished, the oil stain is easy to remove and clean due to the relatively loose porous fiber structure. If the waste materials are treated by adopting an incineration method, the calorific value of the waste materials can be improved, and the combustion performance of the materials can be improved.
3. The components such as the polyurethane prepolymer, the foaming agent, the stabilizer and the like adopted by the invention can generate a large amount of microporous foam, and the microporous foam and the sludge fiber complex form a relatively stable porous structure. The bubble hole formed after spraying is mainly a micropore with the diameter of 1.0-4.0 mm. The composite structure of fiber-polyurethane-bubble strengthens the contact and combination ability with the surface of the oil pollution site; before the emergency use, the dust remover does not need to carry out basic treatment and clean dust, oil stains and the like on a field contact layer, and is convenient to use. Has practical significance for enterprise accident disposal and pollution prevention.
4. The materials adopted by the invention are all cheap and easily available materials, and the preparation method is simple and convenient. The oil absorption dam can be widely applied to the occasions of sudden large-area or large-volume oil leakage pollution, and can quickly construct strip-shaped or sheet-shaped oil absorption belts through spray forming, define the leakage range, or quickly form the oil absorption dam body by combining concrete, wood blocks and sandbags. The barrier belt with the thickness of 3-10 m3 can be formed and constructed within 5-15 min. The method can be used for pollution leakage interception of the enterprise ground and oil pollution adsorption of the water surfaces of rivers and lakes. Is beneficial to popularization and application, not only belongs to the environmental pollution treatment technology, but also belongs to a novel material preparation technology.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A papermaking sludge fiber micropore oil absorption compound consists of a sludge fiber master batch, a polyurethane prepolymer, a stabilizer and a foaming agent; wherein the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch to the polyurethane prepolymer to the stabilizer to the foaming agent is 22:36:9: 15;
the preparation method of the sludge fiber master batch comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 40s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.0 percent of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, removing coarse inorganic matters at a rotating drum rotating speed of 1500r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.5r/min, and drying at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 30min to prepare the sludge fiber master batch.
The polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by the following method: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.08, dehydrating for 1.5 hours at 90 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1:1.2, gradually heating to 25 ℃, reacting for 1.5 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
the foaming agent is a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with the mass percentage of 20%;
in this example, the primary sludge had a water content of 65% and a cellulose content of 42%.
In this example, the water content of the secondary sludge was 72% and the cellulose content was 35%.
The stabilizer in the embodiment is a stabilizer prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 2.5 mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
The preparation method of the rapidly molded composite microporous oil absorption compound comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sludge fiber master batch: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 40s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.0 percent of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, and removing coarse inorganic substances by adopting a rotary drum rotating speed of 1500r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.5 r/min; finally, drying the mixture for 30min at the temperature of 90 ℃ to prepare a sludge fiber master batch;
(2) preparation of polyurethane prepolymer: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.08, dehydrating for 1.5 hours at 90 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1:1.2, gradually heating to 25 ℃, reacting for 1.5 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5, uniformly mixing the carboxymethyl cellulose and the 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide to prepare a stabilizer, and uniformly mixing the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer and the stabilizer at 75 ℃ according to the volume ratio of 22:36: 9;
(4) and (3) adding the lauryl sodium sulfate solution serving as a foaming agent into the material obtained in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer, the stabilizer and the foaming agent of 22:36:9:15, slightly stirring at 30 ℃, and slowly and uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 30r/min to obtain the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound.
The microporous oil absorption compound is used for quickly adsorbing oil substances, and the specific application method comprises the following steps: filling the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound into a sealed pressure-resistant aerosol can, wherein the pressure in the can is 5-6 kg/cm when the can is kept at 25 DEG C2The tank opening is provided with a switch and a flow valve, and after the tank body switch is opened, the flow valve is rotated to adjust the flow of the gas fog, the gas fog is sprayed to an oil pollutant area, and a fiber complex rich in foam is sprayed out to adsorb and wrap the oil pollutants.
Example 2
A papermaking sludge fiber micropore oil absorption compound consists of a sludge fiber master batch, a polyurethane prepolymer, a stabilizer and a foaming agent; wherein the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch to the polyurethane prepolymer to the stabilizer to the foaming agent is 35:50:12: 20;
the preparation method of the sludge fiber master batch comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 60s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding 1.5 percent of potassium sodium tartrate by mass of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge, removing coarse inorganic matters at a rotary drum rotation speed of 1700r/min and a differential rotation speed of 2.0r/min, and drying at 105 ℃ for 45min to prepare the sludge fiber master batch.
The polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by the following method: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.12, dehydrating for 2.0 hours at 105 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1:1.8, gradually heating to 90 ℃ for reacting for 2.0 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
the foaming agent is a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with the mass percent of 35%;
in this example, the primary sludge had a water content of 73% and a cellulose content of 53%.
In this example, the secondary sludge had a water content of 78% and a cellulose content of 40%.
The stabilizer in the embodiment is a stabilizer prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 3.0 mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
The preparation method of the paper sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sludge fiber master batch: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 60s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.5 percent of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, and removing coarse inorganic substances by adopting a rotary drum rotating speed of 1700r/min and a differential rotating speed of 2.0 r/min; finally, drying for 45min at the temperature of 105 ℃ to prepare sludge fiber master batch;
(2) preparation of polyurethane prepolymer: mixing polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine in a volume ratio of 1: 0.12, dehydrating at 105 ℃ for 2.0 hours, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1:1.8, gradually heating to 90 ℃ for 2.0 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
(3) uniformly mixing carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.0 to prepare a stabilizer, and uniformly mixing the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer and the stabilizer at the temperature of 80 ℃ according to the volume ratio of 35:50: 12;
(4) and (3) adding the lauryl sodium sulfate solution serving as a foaming agent into the material in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer, the stabilizer and the foaming agent of 35:50:12:20, slightly stirring at 30-35 ℃, and slowly and uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 30r/min to prepare the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound.
The paper sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound is used for quickly adsorbing oil substances, and the specific application method comprises the following steps: filling the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound into a sealed pressure-resistant aerosol can, wherein the pressure in the can is 5-6 kg/cm when the can is kept at 25 DEG C2The tank opening is provided with a switch and a flow valve, and after the tank body switch is opened, the flow valve is rotated to adjust the flow of the gas fog, the gas fog is sprayed to an oil pollutant area, and a fiber complex rich in foam is sprayed out to adsorb and wrap the oil pollutants.
Example 3
A papermaking sludge fiber micropore oil absorption compound consists of a sludge fiber master batch, a polyurethane prepolymer, a stabilizer and a foaming agent; wherein the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch to the polyurethane prepolymer to the stabilizer to the foaming agent is 30:45:10: 18;
the preparation method of the sludge fiber master batch comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 50s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding sodium potassium tartrate accounting for 1.2 percent of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, removing coarse inorganic matters at a rotating drum rotating speed of 1600r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.8r/min, and drying at the temperature of 98 ℃ for 40min to prepare the sludge fiber master batch.
The polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by the following method: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.1, dehydrating for 1.6 hours at 98 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1:1.6, gradually heating to 50 ℃, reacting for 1.6 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
the foaming agent is a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution with the mass percent of 25%;
in this example, the primary sludge had a water content of 70% and a cellulose content of 48%.
In this example, the water content of the secondary sludge was 75%, and the cellulose content was 38%.
The stabilizer in the embodiment is a stabilizer prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 2.7 mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
The preparation method of the paper sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a sludge fiber master batch: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 50s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.2 percent of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, and removing coarse inorganic substances by adopting a rotary drum rotating speed of 1600r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.8 r/min; finally, drying the mixture for 40min at the temperature of 98 ℃ to prepare a sludge fiber master batch;
(2) preparation of polyurethane prepolymer: polyester polyol (hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g) and triethanolamine are adopted according to the volume ratio of 1: 0.1, dehydrating for 1.6 hours at 98 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI 80%, 2,6-TDI 20%) in a volume ratio of 1:1.5, gradually heating to 50 ℃, reacting for 1.6 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.8, uniformly mixing the carboxymethyl cellulose and the 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide to prepare a stabilizer, and uniformly mixing the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer and the stabilizer at 78 ℃ according to the volume ratio of 30:45: 10;
(4) and (3) adding the lauryl sodium sulfate solution into the material in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of 30:45:10:18 of the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer, the stabilizer and the foaming agent, slightly stirring at 32 ℃, and slowly and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 30r/min to prepare the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound.
The paper making sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound is used for rapid absorptionThe specific application method of the oil-attached substances is as follows: filling the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound into a sealed pressure-resistant aerosol can, wherein the pressure in the can is 5-6 kg/cm when the can is kept at 25 DEG C2The tank opening is provided with a switch and a flow valve, and after the tank body switch is opened, the flow valve is rotated to adjust the flow of the gas fog, the gas fog is sprayed to an oil pollutant area, and a fiber complex rich in foam is sprayed out to adsorb and wrap the oil pollutants.
Claims (4)
1. A papermaking sludge fiber micropore oil absorption compound is characterized by comprising a sludge fiber master batch, a polyurethane prepolymer, a stabilizer and a foaming agent; wherein the volume ratio of the sludge fiber master batch to the polyurethane prepolymer to the stabilizer to the foaming agent is 22-35: 36-50: 9-12: 15-20;
the sludge fiber master batch is obtained by taking primary sludge and secondary sludge generated in the papermaking industry as raw materials through fiber material extraction and drying pretreatment processes;
the polyurethane prepolymer is prepared by the following method: the method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing polyester polyol with a hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g and triethanolamine in a volume ratio of 1: 0.08-0.12, dehydrating for 1.5-2.0 hours at 90-105 ℃, cooling to room temperature, mixing with 2,4-TDI 80% and 2,6-TDI 20% toluene diisocyanate in a volume ratio of 1: 1.2-1.8, gradually heating to 25-90 ℃, reacting for 1.5-2.0 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
the water content of the primary sludge is 65-73%, and the cellulose content is 42-53%;
the water content of the secondary sludge is 72-78%, and the cellulose content is 35-40%;
the preparation method of the sludge fiber master batch comprises the following steps: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 40-60 s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, removing coarse inorganic matters at a rotating speed of 1500-1700 r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.5-2.0 r/min, and drying at the temperature of 90-105 ℃ for 30-45 min to prepare a sludge fiber master batch;
the stabilizer is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 2.5 to 3.0 of a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide; the foaming agent is a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution;
the mass percent of the sodium dodecyl sulfate solution is 20-35%.
2. The preparation method of the paper mill sludge fiber microporous oil absorption compound as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a sludge fiber master batch: firstly, stirring primary sludge and secondary sludge at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 240r/min, and the stirring time is 40-60 s, so that the viscosity of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge is reduced to be less than 2900mPa & s; then adding potassium sodium tartrate accounting for 1.0-1.5% of the total mass of the primary sludge and the secondary sludge in percentage by mass, and removing coarse inorganic substances by adopting a rotary drum rotating speed of 1500-1700 r/min and a differential rotating speed of 1.5-2.0 r/min; finally, drying the mixture for 30-45 min at the temperature of 90-105 ℃ to prepare a sludge fiber master batch;
(2) preparation of polyurethane prepolymer: mixing polyester polyol with a hydroxyl value of 310-360 mgKOH/g and triethanolamine in a volume ratio of 1: 0.08-0.12, dehydrating at 90-105 ℃ for 1.5-2.0 hours, cooling to room temperature, mixing with toluene diisocyanate with a content of 2,4-TDI 80% and 2,6-TDI 20% in a volume ratio of 1: 1.2-1.8, gradually heating to 25-90 ℃ for reaction for 1.5-2.0 hours, and defoaming to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer;
(3) according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5-3.0, uniformly mixing carboxymethyl cellulose and 4-methylmorpholine-N-oxide to prepare a stabilizer, and uniformly mixing the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer and the stabilizer at a temperature of 75-80 ℃ according to a volume ratio of 22-35: 36-50: 9-12;
(4) and (3) taking a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution as a foaming agent, adding the sodium dodecyl sulfate solution into the material in the step (3) according to the volume ratio of 22-35: 36-50: 9-12: 15-20 of the sludge fiber master batch, the polyurethane prepolymer, the stabilizer and the foaming agent, slightly stirring at the temperature of 30-35 ℃, and slowly and uniformly mixing at the rotating speed of 30r/min to prepare the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound.
3. The application of the microporous oil absorption composite of paper sludge fibers as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by being used for rapidly adsorbing oil substances.
4. The application of the microporous oil absorption composite of paper sludge fibers as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the specific application method for rapidly adsorbing oil substances is as follows: filling the rapidly-formed composite microporous oil absorption compound into a sealed pressure-resistant aerosol can, wherein the pressure in the can is 5-6 kg/cm when the can is kept at 25 DEG C2The tank opening is provided with a switch and a flow valve, and after the tank body switch is opened, the flow valve is rotated to adjust the flow of the gas fog, the gas fog is sprayed to an oil pollutant area, and a fiber complex rich in foam is sprayed out to adsorb and wrap the oil pollutants.
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