Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of state transition method, UE and base stations, when solving the transfer of state transfer
Between long problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of state transition method, comprising:
UE receives the notification information that first base station is sent and restores information, wherein the notification information is described for notifying
UE enters an inactive state, and the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;
The UE sends request message to the second base station, and the request message carries the recovery information, so that described
Second base station obtains the information of the context of the UE using recovery information from the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information be used for multiple wireless access technologys (Radio Access Technology,
RAT recovery configuring on).
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
The UE sends request message to the second base station, comprising:
The UE sends request message to the second base station, and the request message carries an inactive state mark, with
Make second base station using the mark and mark of the UE in the first base station of the first base station, from described first
Base station obtains the information of the context of the UE.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, so that second base station uses the inactive shape
State mark and source RAT information, the information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message, location updating are established in radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection
Instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, the method also includes:
The UE receives the resource allocation information that second base station is sent;
Wherein, the resource allocation information is configured after second base station carries out path transfer, the path transfer
It is that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station from the first base station.
Optionally, after the information for the context that the first base station obtains the UE from second base station, the UE
The information of context can be released in the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, then non-live described in the UE access
When jump state, configuration of the UE on source base station can be released, and described first is removed when the source base station is the UE dual link
Another base station except base station.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of state transition method, comprising:
First base station to UE send notification information and restore information, wherein the notification information for notify the UE into
Entering an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring, so that the UE sends request message to the second base station, it is described to ask
Message is asked to carry the recovery information;
The first base station receives the information acquisition request that second base station is sent, and the information acquisition request carries
The recovery information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
The first base station sends the information of the context of the UE according to the recovery information to second base station.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station, so that the UE is to the second base
It stands and sends request message, the request message carries an inactive state mark;
The information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station;
The first base station sends the information of the context of the UE, packet according to the recovery information to second base station
It includes:
The first base station sends the UE to second base station according to mark of the UE in the first base station
Context information.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, the first base station sends the UE's by the interface between the first base station and second base station
The information of context;Or
The first base station carries out the information that transfer sends the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the method also includes:
The first base station receives the path release message that core net is sent, and discharges the road to core net of the UE
Diameter, so that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station by the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, the first base station is sent out to source base station
Release message is set in delivery, so that the source base station discharges the configuration of the UE, wherein when the source base station is the UE dual link
Another base station in addition to the first base station.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of state transition method, comprising:
Second base station receives the request message that UE is sent, and the request message carries recovery information, the recovery information
It is that the UE receives first base station transmission and is used for recovery configuring, the UE, which is also received, being used for for the first base station transmission
The UE is notified to enter the notification message of an inactive state;
Second base station sends information acquisition request to the first base station, and the information acquisition request carries described
Restore information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
Second base station receives the information of the context for the UE that the first base station is sent.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
Second base station sends information acquisition request to the first base station, comprising:
Second base station determines the first base station using the mark of the first base station, and sends out to the first base station
Information acquisition request is sent, the information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, and second base station is sent to the first base station believes
Cease acquisition request, comprising:
Second base station determines the first base station using the mark of the source RAT information and the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, the method also includes:
Second base station is to core net transmitting path transfer request, so that the core net is sent to the first base station
Path release message is discharged the path to core net of the UE by the first base station;
Second base station receives the path Release complete that the core net is sent;
Second base station sends resource allocation information to the UE.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of UE
First receiving module, for receiving the notification information of first base station transmission and restoring information, wherein the notice letter
For breath for notifying the UE to enter an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;
Sending module, user send request message to the second base station, and the request message carries the recovery information, with
Second base station is set to obtain the information of the context of the UE from the first base station using recovery information.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
The sending module is used to send request message to the second base station, and the request message carries the inactive shape
State mark, so that mark and UE mark the first base station in of second base station using the first base station,
The information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, so that second base station uses the inactive shape
State mark and source RAT information, the information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, the UE further include:
Second receiving module, the resource allocation information sent for receiving second base station;
Wherein, the resource allocation information is configured after second base station carries out path transfer, the path transfer
It is that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station from the first base station.
Optionally, after the information for the context that the first base station obtains the UE from second base station, the UE
The information of context can be released in the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, then non-live described in the UE access
When jump state, configuration of the UE on source base station can be released, and described first is removed when the source base station is the UE dual link
Another base station except base station.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of base station, and the base station is first base station, comprising:
First sending module, for sending notification information to UE and restoring information, wherein the notification information is for notifying
The UE enters an inactive state, and the recovery information is used for recovery configuring, disappears so that the UE sends request to the second base station
Breath, the request message carry the recovery information;
First receiving module, the information acquisition request sent for receiving second base station, the information acquisition request
The recovery information is carried, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
Second sending module, the letter of the context for sending the UE to second base station according to the recovery information
Breath.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station, so that the UE is to the second base
It stands and sends request message, the request message carries an inactive state mark;
The information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station;
Second sending module according to mark of the UE in the first base station to second base station for sending out
Send the information of the context of the UE.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, the first base station sends the UE's by the interface between the first base station and second base station
The information of context;Or
The first base station carries out the information that transfer sends the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the base station further include:
Second receiving module, for receiving the path release message of core net transmission, and discharge the UE to core net
Path so that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station by the first base station;And/or
Third sending module, if the UE is dual link, Xiang Yuanji for the UE before receiving the notification message
Transmission of standing configures release message, so that the source base station discharges the configuration of the UE, wherein the source base station is the UE doubly-linked
When connecing in addition to the first base station another base station.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of base station, and the base station is the second base station, comprising:
First receiving module, for receiving the request message of UE transmission, the request message carries recovery information, described
Restoring information is that the UE receives first base station transmission and is used for recovery configuring, and the UE, which is also received, has the first base station to send out
That send is used to that the UE to be notified to enter the notification message of an inactive state;
First sending module, for sending information acquisition request to the first base station, the information acquisition request is carried
There is the recovery information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
Second receiving module, the information of the context for receiving the UE that the first base station is sent.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
First sending module is used to determine the first base station using the mark of the first base station, and to described the
One base station sends information acquisition request, and the information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, and first sending module is used to use the source
The mark of RAT information and the first base station determines the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, the base station further include:
Second sending module, for core net transmitting path transfer request, so that the core net is to first base
Transmitting path of standing release message is discharged the path to core net of the UE by the first base station;
Third receiving module, the path Release complete sent for receiving the core net;
Third sending module, for sending resource allocation information to the UE.
Above-mentioned technical proposal of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
The embodiment of the present invention, UE receive the notification information that first base station is sent and restore information, wherein the notification information
For notifying the UE to enter an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;The UE sends to the second base station and asks
Message is sought, the request message carries the recovery information, so that second base station, which uses, restores information from described first
Base station obtains the information of the context of the UE.It may be implemented to authenticate when state is shifted without core net in this way, and from core
Heart net obtains the information of the context of UE, so as to shorten the transfer time of state transfer.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 be the applicable network structure of the embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 1, include UE11,
First base station 12, the second base station 13 and core net 14, wherein UE11 can be mobile phone, tablet computer (Tablet Personal
Computer), laptop computer (Laptop Computer), personal digital assistant (personal digital
Assistant, abbreviation PDA), mobile Internet access device (Mobile Internet Device, MID) or wearable device
Terminal side equipments such as (Wearable Device), it should be noted that do not limit the specific of UE11 in embodiments of the present invention
Type.UE11 can be established with first base station 12 and be communicated, and first base station 12 can be other bases such as the base station eLTE or the base station 5G
It stands, it should be noted that the concrete type for not limiting first base station 12 in embodiments of the present invention, in addition, first base station 12
It can also be the master base station of UE1.UE11 can also with the second base station 13 establish communicate, the second base station 13 can be the base station 5G or
Other base stations such as base station eLTE, it should be noted that the concrete type of the second base station 13 is not limited in embodiments of the present invention,
In addition, first base station 12 can also be the prothetic group station of UE1.In addition, first base station 12 and the second base station 13 can be different RAT's
Base station, and can be connect with core net 14, and core net 14 can be with 5G core net, it should be noted that of the invention real
Apply the concrete type that core net 14 is not limited in example.
Referring to Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of state transition method, as shown in Figure 2, comprising the following steps:
201, UE receives the notification information and restore information that first base station is sent, wherein the notification information is for notifying
The UE enters an inactive state (Inactive state), and the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;
202, UE sends request message to the second base station, and the request message carries the recovery information, so that described
Second base station obtains the information of the context (context) of the UE using recovery information from the first base station.
By a message sink to above-mentioned notification information and information can be restored in step 201, i.e., include in the message
Above-mentioned notification information and restore information, or step 201 can be by different message sink to above-mentioned notification information with
Restore information, i.e., above-mentioned notification information and recovery information are sent in different message.
In addition, when UE receives above-mentioned notification information, so that it may enter an inactive state, wherein can under an inactive state
To allow following behavior:
Core net sees that the UE is in connection status;
Mobility is that UE is executed, and UE executes cell access, the zone of action by cell reselection in zone of action
It is configured by network side;
The unique subscriber identification in zone of action is assigned in UE.
Under an inactive state, network side is that UE distributes valid wireless access net (Radio Access in certain area
Network, RAN) it identifies, which can be used for network side and searches an inactive state for identifying UE under an inactive state
Or an inactive state is actively initiated to use the mark when multi-upstream access as identification and enters connected state.The mark is properly termed as UE
An inactive state identify (inactive UE ID), be referred to as UE recovery mark (resume UE ID).The mark
Different from globally unique international mobile subscriber identity (International Mobile Subscriber
Identification Number, IMSI) or connected state Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier/Identity, Cell-RNTI (Cell Radio Network
Temporary Identifier C-RNTI), the length of above-mentioned mark can between IMSI and C-RNTI (such as
Inactive UE ID length is 40bit, and C-RNTI length is 16bit).In addition, above-mentioned mark can be only comprising multiple small
In the certain area of area or multiple base stations effectively, if it exceeds the region, UE needs to update inactive UE ID.
In addition, above-mentioned an inactive state can be understood to the state of independent RRC a kind of, or it can be understood as RRC
A sub- state under connected state.
Above-mentioned recovery information can be understood as the information of the configurations such as resource distribution or network configuration for restoring UE, example
Such as: an inactive state of UE identifies (inactive UE ID), i.e. UE configure by an inactive state mark extensive
It is multiple, to realize that state shifts.Certainly, in the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned recovery information do not limit be UE an inactive state mark
Know, such as: it can also be the base station information for storing the information of context of above-mentioned UE, so that the second base station is got from the base station
The information of the context of UE, to realize that state shifts.In addition, above-mentioned recovery information can also be in a certain zone of action effectively
Recovery information, i.e. the recovery information information that will include zone of action, to indicate in the recovery information in the zone of action
Effectively, i.e. UE carries out state transfer in the zone of action.
It is can be in UE mobile terminal to the coverage area of the second base station in step 202, UE is sent to the second base station
State solicited message.After the second base station receives above-mentioned request message, so that it may be obtained according to information is restored from above-mentioned first base station
Take the information of the context of UE.In addition, above-mentioned first base station and the second base station can be the base station of different RAT.
Optionally, above-mentioned recovery information can be used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
In the embodiment, UE, which may be implemented, by above-mentioned recovery information may be implemented the recovery configuring on multiple RAT, i.e.,
State transfer is carried out on multiple RAT, carries out state transfer in different systems to realize.
Optionally, above-mentioned recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies (inactive UE ID), wherein an inactive state mark includes institute
State mark of the UE in the first base station.
In the embodiment, an inactive state mark (inactive UE ID) of above-mentioned UE is it can be appreciated that front is retouched
The network side stated is valid wireless access net (Radio Access Network, RAN) mark in UE distribution certain area, or
The recovery of person UE identifies (resume UE ID).In addition, an inactive state of above-mentioned UE identify (inactive UE ID) can be with
It is that above-mentioned first base station is distributed for above-mentioned UE.It can obtain above-mentioned UE's from first base station when the second base station gets mark
The information of context, to realize that state shifts.
Optionally, above-mentioned an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
The UE sends request message to the second base station, comprising:
The UE sends request message to the second base station, and the request message carries an inactive state mark, with
Make second base station using the mark and mark of the UE in the first base station of the first base station, from described first
Base station obtains the information of the context of the UE.
In the embodiment, it may be implemented in above-mentioned an inactive state mark to further include the mark of the first base station, from
And the second base station can search out the base station of anchor before above-mentioned UE, i.e., above-mentioned first base station, to be got from first base station
The information of the context of UE.In addition, it is necessary to explanation, above-mentioned an inactive state mark includes that the mark of the first base station is
Optionally, i.e., above-mentioned an inactive state mark can not include the mark of first base station, such as: it the second base station can be by above-mentioned
An inactive state identifies (inactive UE ID) and finds above-mentioned first base station from core net, to get UE from first base station
Context information, realize UE state transfer.
Optionally, in the embodiment, above-mentioned request message also carries active RAT information, so that second base station makes
With an inactive state mark and source RAT information, the information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Wherein, above-mentioned source RAT information can be the RAT information of UE access first base station, in addition, RAT information here can
To be interpreted as RAT type information.RAT information in source can be used fast when the second base station receives above-mentioned source RAT information in this way
Speed determines above-mentioned first base station.
Optionally, above-mentioned recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
In the embodiment, it may be implemented to specify UE to carry out state turn in above-mentioned zone of action by above-mentioned recovery information
It moves, i.e., executes mobility in the zone of action.And above-mentioned recovery information can also be it is only effective in the zone of action.
Optionally, the base station that above-mentioned first base station and second base station are different RAT.
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
In the embodiment, above-mentioned first base station and the second base station are the base station of different RAT, such as: above-mentioned first base station
For the base station eLTE, and above-mentioned second base station is the base station 5G or above-mentioned first base station is the base station 5G, and above-mentioned second base station is
Base station eLTE etc..UE may be implemented in this way and carry out state transfer between people's system.
In addition, the second base station can obtain UE by the interface between the second base station and first base station in the embodiment
Context information, i.e., there are interfaces between first base station and the second base station.In addition, since first base station and the second base station are
First base station can be then interpreted as the base station RAT of UE anchor by the different base stations RAT, and the second base station can be understood as
The base station of (different system) inter-RAT.Interface between this two base station can increase UE context (context) and obtain related letter
Breath, such as: similar to the message of X2 interface.
In addition, an inactive state of the UE of homologous ray does not identify setting for (inactive UE ID) in the embodiment of the present invention
Meter can be different, and can interpret the inactive UE ID that different system is configured without the base station between homologous ray, thus
The identification information of base station in different system can be determined, so that the base station of different system obtains the context of UE.
In addition, the second base station, which can also be realized, carries out transfer by core net to obtain from first base station in the embodiment
Get the information of the context of above-mentioned UE.It should be noted that when first base station and the second base station are the different base stations RAT,
Second base station be not limited to be obtained by above two mode from the information of context that first base station obtains UE, can be with
It is other modes acquisition, such as: transfer is carried out to obtain the information of the context of UE by other base stations or network side equipment
Deng being not construed as limiting to this embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
In the embodiment, it may be implemented to establish request message, location updating instruction message or RRC by RRC connection
Connect the state transfer that recovery request message realizes UE.
Optionally, the above method further include:
The UE receives the resource allocation information that second base station is sent;
Wherein, the resource allocation information is configured after second base station carries out path transfer, the path transfer
It is that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station from the first base station.
In the embodiment, it may be implemented after the path to core net of UE is transferred to the second base station by the second base station,
Second base station is that UE progress resource reconfigures, and the resource allocation information that resource is reconfigured is sent to UE.In addition, should
In embodiment, after the second base station gets the information of UE context, routing update can be carried out with the base station information, for UE weight
Newly configure the resource under different system.
Optionally, after the information for the context that the first base station obtains the UE from second base station, the UE
The information of context can be released in the first base station.
In the embodiment, it may be implemented after getting the information of the context of UE from first base station in the second base station, the
One base station can discharge the information of the context.Certainly, it can continue to the context for retaining UE in some scene first base stations
Information.
Optionally, if the UE is before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, then in the UE access institute
When stating an inactive state, configuration of the UE on source base station can be released, and institute is removed when the source base station is the UE dual link
State another base station except first base station.
In the embodiment, above-mentioned dual link can be understood as UE and establish respectively with above-mentioned first base station and above-mentioned source base station
There is connection.In addition, above-mentioned source base station can be above-mentioned second base station, i.e., before UE enters an inactive state, UE can with it is above-mentioned
Connection is established in second base station, to realize that UE accesses the second base station again through the above steps.Certainly, above-mentioned source base station can be
Other base stations, such as: the base station of other systems.In the embodiment, in UE access an inactive state, source base station discharges UE's
Configuration, so as to save Internet resources.In the embodiment of the present invention, it is also applied for after entering an inactive state under single system
Different system (inter-RAT) mobile context needs to discharge source base station before only not entering into an inactive state under the scene
Process.
In addition, the second base station can allow UE to return to an inactive state after not having data transmission between the second base station and UE,
Such as: by a notification message, UE is notified to enter an inactive state.
In the present embodiment, network structure shown in FIG. 1 can be applied to, but be not limited to network structure shown in FIG. 1.
The embodiment of the present invention, UE receive the notification information that first base station is sent and restore information, wherein the notification information
For notifying the UE to enter an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;The UE sends to the second base station and asks
Message is sought, the request message carries the recovery information, so that second base station, which uses, restores information from described first
Base station obtains the information of the context of the UE.It may be implemented to authenticate when state is shifted without core net in this way, and from core
Heart net obtains the information of the context of UE, so as to shorten the transfer time of state transfer.
Referring to Fig. 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides another state transition method, as shown in Figure 3, comprising the following steps:
301, first base station sends notification information to UE and restores information, wherein the notification information is described for notifying
UE enters an inactive state, and the recovery information is used for recovery configuring, so that the UE sends request message, institute to the second base station
It states request message and carries the recovery information;
302, first base station receives the information acquisition request that second base station is sent, and the information acquisition request carries
The recovery information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
303, first base station sends the information of the context of the UE according to the recovery information to second base station.
Wherein, it is UE configuration that above-mentioned recovery information, which can be first base station,.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station, so that the UE is to the second base
It stands and sends request message, the request message carries an inactive state mark;
The information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station;
The first base station sends the information of the context of the UE, packet according to the recovery information to second base station
It includes:
The first base station sends the UE to second base station according to mark of the UE in the first base station
Context information.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, the first base station sends the UE's by the interface between the first base station and second base station
The information of context;Or
The first base station carries out the information that transfer sends the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the method also includes:
The first base station receives the path release message that core net is sent, and discharges the road to core net of the UE
Diameter, so that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station by the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, the first base station is sent out to source base station
Release message is set in delivery, so that the source base station discharges the configuration of the UE, wherein when the source base station is the UE dual link
Another base station in addition to the first base station.
It should be noted that the present embodiment as with first base station embodiment corresponding in embodiment shown in Fig. 2,
Specific embodiment may refer to the related description of embodiment shown in Fig. 2, with to avoid repeated explanation, the present embodiment is no longer
It repeats.In the present embodiment, the time of shortening state transfer equally may be implemented.
Referring to Fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention provides another state transition method, as shown in Figure 4, comprising the following steps:
401, the second base station receives the request message that UE is sent, and the request message carries recovery information, the recovery
Information is that the UE receives first base station transmission and is used for recovery configuring, and the UE, which is also received, the first base station transmission
For notifying the UE to enter the notification message of an inactive state;
402, the second base station sends information acquisition request to the first base station, and the information acquisition request carries described
Restore information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
403, the second base station receives the information of the context for the UE that the first base station is sent.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
Second base station sends information acquisition request to the first base station, comprising:
Second base station determines the first base station using the mark of the first base station, and sends out to the first base station
Information acquisition request is sent, the information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, and second base station is sent to the first base station believes
Cease acquisition request, comprising:
Second base station determines the first base station using the mark of the source RAT information and the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, the method also includes:
Second base station is to core net transmitting path transfer request, so that the core net is sent to the first base station
Path release message is discharged the path to core net of the UE by the first base station;
Second base station receives the path Release complete that the core net is sent;
Second base station sends resource allocation information to the UE.
It should be noted that the present embodiment as with the second base station embodiments corresponding in embodiment shown in Fig. 2,
Specific embodiment may refer to the related description of embodiment shown in Fig. 2, with to avoid repeated explanation, the present embodiment is no longer
It repeats.In the present embodiment, the time of shortening state transfer equally may be implemented.
The embodiment introduced in above example is illustrated with multiple citings below:
Example 1:
The citing, for the base station eLTE, or is interpreted as the base station eLET and is illustrated for master base station with first base station, when
When UE is in connected state, the base station eLTE is first base station, and the base station 5G NR is the second base station (or prothetic group station), while being the UE
Service is provided.When some service endings of UE, when UE not too many data are transmitted, the base station eLTE decision allows terminal to enter
Inactive state can then indicate that notice UE enters inactive state by RRC signaling, and provide inactive UE ID
With its zone of action.Terminal enters inactive state after receiving, and retains relevant configuration information.When the sending area UE, enter
When another RAT, request or location update request message or RRC connection recovery can be established by initiating RRC connection
Request message etc., wherein at least carrying inactive UE ID, and the type information of active RAT can also be carried.5G NR base
After station receives related signaling, judges which the base station of the original anchor of UE is according to provided information, that is, determine above-mentioned
Then the base station eLTE sends the request for obtaining UE context information to the base station.After the response for receiving the base station of the anchor,
Path is transferred on the base station 5G NR by the transfer for proceeding to the path of core net according to acquired UE context information.
And it is reconfigured for the terminal.If the base station 5G also has data to send out, terminal can be allowed to be maintained at connection status.If 5G
Base station does not have data to send out, and terminal can be allowed to enter inactive state, while distributing new inactive UE ID for it.Tool
Body process can be as shown in Figure 5.
Example 2:
The citing, for the base station 5G (base station 5G can be understood as the base station 5G NR), or is interpreted as the base station 5G with first base station
Be illustrated for master base station, when UE is in connected state, the base station 5G be first base station, the base station eLTE be the second base station (or
Person's prothetic group station), while service is provided for the UE.When some service endings of UE, when UE not too many data are transmitted, the base station 5G
Decision allows terminal to enter inactive state, then indicates that notice UE enters inactive state by RRC signaling, and provide
Inactive UE ID and its zone of action.UE enters inactive state after receiving, and retains relevant configuration information.When UE is removed
It region can be by initiating RRC connection when entering another RAT (eLTE) covering (covering for leaving current 5G NR)
Request or location update request message or RRC connection recovery request message etc. are established, wherein at least carrying inactive UE
The type information (i.e. 5G NR) of ID and source RAT.After the base station eLTE receives related signaling, judged eventually according to provided information
Which the base station for holding original anchor is, that is, determines the above-mentioned base station 5G, then sends to the base station 5G NR and obtains UE context
The request of information.After the response of the base station 5G NR for receiving the anchor, core is proceeded to according to acquired UE context information
Path is transferred on the base station eLTE by the transfer in the path of heart net.And it is reconfigured for the terminal.If the base station eLTE
It also has data to send out, terminal can be allowed to be maintained at connection status.If the base station eLTE does not have data to send out, terminal can be allowed to enter
Inactive state, while new inactive UE ID is distributed for it.Detailed process can be as shown in Figure 6.
It should be noted that the UE in example 1 and example 2 enters the overlay area different system (inter-RAT), original cover is left
When cover area, the base station accessed is not necessarily the original base station as the second base station, such as: the configuration of UE is discharged in Fig. 5
The base station 5G of the information of the context of the base station 5G and acquisition UE can be same or different base station.It is in fig. 5 and fig.
One signal.It is shown to be the base station of another system.
Referring to Fig. 7, a kind of UE structure is shown, UE700 includes following module in figure:
First receiving module 701, for receiving the notification information of first base station transmission and restoring information, wherein described logical
Information is known for notifying the UE to enter an inactive state, and the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;
Sending module 702, user send request message to the second base station, and the request message carries the recovery letter
Breath, so that second base station obtains the information of the context of the UE using recovery information from the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
The sending module 702 is used to send request message to the second base station, and the request message carries described non-live
Jump status indicator, so that mark and UE mark the first base station in of second base station using the first base station
Know, the information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, so that second base station uses the inactive shape
State mark and source RAT information, the information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, as shown in figure 8, the UE700 further include:
Second receiving module 703, the resource allocation information sent for receiving second base station;
Wherein, the resource allocation information is configured after second base station carries out path transfer, the path transfer
It is that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station from the first base station.
Optionally, after the information for the context that the first base station obtains the UE from second base station, the UE
The information of context can be released in the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, then non-live described in the UE access
When jump state, configuration of the UE on source base station can be released, and described first is removed when the source base station is the UE dual link
Another base station except base station.
It should be noted that above-mentioned UE700 can be the terminal in Fig. 1-embodiment shown in fig. 6 in the present embodiment, figure
Any embodiment of UE can be realized by the above-mentioned UE700 in the present embodiment in 1- embodiment illustrated in fig. 6, and be reached
Identical beneficial effect, details are not described herein again.
Referring to Fig. 9, a kind of architecture of base station is shown in figure, which is first base station, wherein base station 900 includes as follows
Module:
First sending module 901, for sending notification information to UE and restoring information, wherein the notification information is used for
The UE is notified to enter an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring, asks so that the UE is sent to the second base station
Message is sought, the request message carries the recovery information;
First receiving module 902, the information acquisition request sent for receiving second base station, the acquisition of information are asked
It asks and carries the recovery information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
Second sending module 903, for sending the context of the UE to second base station according to the recovery information
Information.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station, so that the UE is to the second base
It stands and sends request message, the request message carries an inactive state mark;
The information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station;
Second sending module according to mark of the UE in the first base station to second base station for sending out
Send the information of the context of the UE.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, the first base station sends the UE's by the interface between the first base station and second base station
The information of context;Or
The first base station carries out the information that transfer sends the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, such as Figure 10, the base station further include:
Second receiving module 904, for receiving the path release message of core net transmission, and discharge the UE to core
The path of net, so that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station by the first base station;And/or
Third sending module 905, if the UE is dual link for the UE before receiving the notification message, to
Source base station sends configuration release message, so that the source base station discharges the configuration of the UE, wherein the source base station is the UE
When dual link in addition to the first base station another base station.
It should be noted that above-mentioned base station 900 can be the first base in Fig. 1-embodiment shown in fig. 6 in the present embodiment
It stands, any embodiment of first base station can be by 900 institute of above-mentioned base station in the present embodiment in Fig. 1-embodiment illustrated in fig. 6
It realizes, and reaches identical beneficial effect, details are not described herein again.
Referring to Figure 11, a kind of architecture of base station is shown in figure, base station 1100 is the second base station, and base station 1100 includes such as lower die
Block:
First receiving module 1101, for receiving the request message of UE transmission, the request message carries recovery information,
The recovery information is that the UE receives first base station transmission and is used for recovery configuring, and the UE, which is also received, first base
Stand send for notifying the UE to enter the notification message of an inactive state;
First sending module 1102, for sending information acquisition request, the information acquisition request to the first base station
The recovery information is carried, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
Second receiving module 1103, the information of the context for receiving the UE that the first base station is sent.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
First sending module is used to determine the first base station using the mark of the first base station, and to described the
One base station sends information acquisition request, and the information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, and first sending module is used to use the source
The mark of RAT information and the first base station determines the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, as shown in figure 12, base station 1100 further include:
Second sending module 1104, for core net transmitting path transfer request, so that the core net is to described the
One base station transmitting path release message, the path to core net of the UE is discharged by the first base station;
Third receiving module 1105, the path Release complete sent for receiving the core net;
Third sending module 1106, for sending resource allocation information to the UE.
It should be noted that above-mentioned base station 1100 can be second in Fig. 1-embodiment shown in fig. 6 in the present embodiment
Base station, any embodiment of the second base station can be by 1100 institute of base station in the present embodiment in Fig. 1-embodiment illustrated in fig. 6
It realizes, and reaches identical beneficial effect, details are not described herein again.
Referring to Figure 13, the structure of UE a kind of is shown in figure, which includes: processor 1300, transceiver 1310, memory
1320, user interface 1330 and bus interface, in which:
Processor 1300 executes following process for reading the program in memory 1320:
The notification information and restore information that first base station is sent are received by transceiver 1310, wherein the notification information
For notifying the UE to enter an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring;
Request message is sent to the second base station by transceiver 1310, the request message carries the recovery information,
So that second base station obtains the information of the context of the UE using recovery information from the first base station.
Wherein, transceiver 1310, for sending and receiving data under the control of processor 1300.
In Figure 13, bus architecture may include the bus and bridge of any number of interconnection, specifically by 1300 generation of processor
The various circuits for the memory that the one or more processors and memory 1320 of table represent link together.Bus architecture may be used also
To link together various other circuits of such as peripheral equipment, voltage-stablizer and management circuit or the like, these are all
It is known in the art, therefore, it will not be further described herein.Bus interface provides interface.Transceiver 1310 can
To be multiple element, that is, includes transmitter and receiver, the list for communicating over a transmission medium with various other devices is provided
Member.For different user equipmenies, user interface 1330, which can also be, external the interface for needing equipment is inscribed, and connection is set
Standby including but not limited to keypad, display, loudspeaker, microphone, control stick etc..
Processor 1300, which is responsible for management bus architecture and common processing, memory 1320, can store processor 1300 and exists
Execute used data when operation.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
It is described to send request message to the second base station, comprising:
Request message is sent to the second base station, the request message carries an inactive state mark, so that described
It is obtained using the mark and mark of the UE in the first base station of the first base station from the first base station the second base station
Take the information of the context of the UE.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, so that second base station uses the inactive shape
State mark and source RAT information, the information of the context of the UE is obtained from the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, processor 1300 is also used to:
The resource allocation information that second base station is sent is received by transceiver 1310;
Wherein, the resource allocation information is configured after second base station carries out path transfer, the path transfer
It is that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station from the first base station.
Optionally, after the information for the context that the first base station obtains the UE from second base station, the UE
The information of context can be released in the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, then non-live described in the UE access
When jump state, configuration of the UE on source base station can be released, and described first is removed when the source base station is the UE dual link
Another base station except base station.
It should be noted that above-mentioned UE can be the UE in Fig. 1-embodiment shown in fig. 6, Fig. 1-Fig. 6 in the present embodiment
Any embodiment of terminal can be realized by the above-mentioned UE in the present embodiment in illustrated embodiment, and reach identical
Beneficial effect, details are not described herein again.
Referring to Figure 14, a kind of structure of base station is shown in figure, which is first base station, which includes: processor
1400, transceiver 1410, memory 1420, user interface 1430 and bus interface, in which:
Processor 1400 executes following process for reading the program in memory 1420:
Notification information is sent to UE by transceiver 1410 and restores information, wherein the notification information is for notifying institute
It states UE and enters an inactive state, the recovery information is used for recovery configuring, so that the UE sends request message to the second base station,
The request message carries the recovery information;
The information acquisition request that second base station is sent is received by transceiver 1410, the information acquisition request carries
There is the recovery information, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
Send the information of the context of the UE to second base station by transceiver 1410 according to the recovery information.
Wherein, transceiver 1410, for sending and receiving data under the control of processor 1400.
In Figure 14, bus architecture may include the bus and bridge of any number of interconnection, specifically by 1400 generation of processor
The various circuits for the memory that the one or more processors and memory 1420 of table represent link together.Bus architecture may be used also
To link together various other circuits of such as peripheral equipment, voltage-stablizer and management circuit or the like, these are all
It is known in the art, therefore, it will not be further described herein.Bus interface provides interface.Transceiver 1410 can
To be multiple element, that is, includes transmitter and receiver, the list for communicating over a transmission medium with various other devices is provided
Member.For different user equipmenies, user interface 1430, which can also be, external the interface for needing equipment is inscribed, and connection is set
Standby including but not limited to keypad, display, loudspeaker, microphone, control stick etc..
Processor 1400, which is responsible for management bus architecture and common processing, memory 1420, can store processor 1400 and exists
Execute used data when operation.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station, so that the UE is to the second base
It stands and sends request message, the request message carries an inactive state mark;
The information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station;
The information of the context for sending the UE to second base station according to the recovery information, comprising:
The mark according to the UE in the first base station sends the context of the UE to second base station
Information.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, the first base station sends the UE's by the interface between the first base station and second base station
The information of context;Or
The first base station carries out the information that transfer sends the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, processor 1400 is also used to:
The path release message that core net is sent is received by transceiver 1410, and discharges the road to core net of the UE
Diameter, so that the path to core net of the UE is transferred to second base station by the first base station;And/or
If the UE, before receiving the notification message, the UE is dual link, it is described by transceiver 1410 to source
Base station sends configuration release message, so that the source base station discharges the configuration of the UE, wherein the source base station is that the UE is bis-
When connection in addition to the first base station another base station.
It should be noted that above-mentioned base station can be the first base station in Fig. 1-embodiment shown in fig. 6 in the present embodiment,
Any embodiment of first base station can be realized by the above-mentioned base station in the present embodiment in Fig. 1-embodiment illustrated in fig. 6,
And reach identical beneficial effect, details are not described herein again.
Referring to Figure 15, a kind of structure of base station is shown in figure, which is the second base station, which includes: processor
1500, transceiver 1510, memory 1520, user interface 1530 and bus interface, in which:
Processor 1500 executes following process for reading the program in memory 1520:
The request message that UE is sent is received by transceiver 1510, the request message carries recovery information, described extensive
Complex information is that the UE receives first base station transmission and is used for recovery configuring, and the UE, which is also received, has the first base station to send
For notifying the UE to enter the notification message of an inactive state;
Information acquisition request is sent to the first base station by transceiver 1510, the information acquisition request carries
Recovery information is stated, the information of the context for obtaining the UE;
The information of the context for the UE that the first base station is sent is received by transceiver 1510.
Wherein, transceiver 1510, for sending and receiving data under the control of processor 1500.
In Figure 15, bus architecture may include the bus and bridge of any number of interconnection, specifically by 1500 generation of processor
The various circuits for the memory that the one or more processors and memory 1520 of table represent link together.Bus architecture may be used also
To link together various other circuits of such as peripheral equipment, voltage-stablizer and management circuit or the like, these are all
It is known in the art, therefore, it will not be further described herein.Bus interface provides interface.Transceiver 1510 can
To be multiple element, that is, includes transmitter and receiver, the list for communicating over a transmission medium with various other devices is provided
Member.For different user equipmenies, user interface 1530, which can also be, external the interface for needing equipment is inscribed, and connection is set
Standby including but not limited to keypad, display, loudspeaker, microphone, control stick etc..
Processor 1500, which is responsible for management bus architecture and common processing, memory 1520, can store processor 1500 and exists
Execute used data when operation.
Optionally, the recovery information is used for the recovery configuring on multiple RAT.
Optionally, the recovery information includes:
An inactive state of the UE identifies, wherein an inactive state mark includes the UE in first base
Mark in standing.
Optionally, an inactive state mark further includes the mark of the first base station;
Second base station sends information acquisition request to the first base station, comprising:
Second base station determines the first base station using the mark of the first base station, and sends out to the first base station
Information acquisition request is sent, the information acquisition request carries mark of the UE in the first base station.
Optionally, the request message also carries active RAT information, and second base station is sent to the first base station believes
Cease acquisition request, comprising:
Second base station determines the first base station using the mark of the source RAT information and the first base station.
Optionally, the recovery information further include:
The zone of action information of the UE, second base station are in zone of action shown in the zone of action information
Base station.
Optionally, the base station that the first base station and second base station are different RAT;
Wherein, second base station obtains the UE's by the interface between second base station and the first base station
The information of context;Or
Second base station carries out the information that transfer obtains the context of the UE by core net.
Optionally, the request message is following any one:
Request message is established in RRC connection, location updating instruction message connects recovery request message with RRC.
Optionally, processor 1500 is also used to:
By transceiver 1510 to core net transmitting path transfer request, so that the core net is sent out to the first base station
Path release message is sent, the path to core net of the UE is discharged by the first base station;
The path Release complete that the core net is sent is received by transceiver 1510;
Resource allocation information is sent to the UE by transceiver 1510.
It should be noted that above-mentioned base station can be the second base station in Fig. 1-embodiment shown in fig. 6 in the present embodiment,
Any embodiment of the second base station can be realized by the above-mentioned base station in the present embodiment in Fig. 1-embodiment illustrated in fig. 6,
And reach identical beneficial effect, details are not described herein again.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed method and apparatus, it can be by other
Mode realize.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the division of the unit, only
For a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can combine
Or it is desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, shown or discussed phase
Coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection between mutually can be through some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication of device or unit
Connection can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that the independent physics of each unit includes, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of hardware adds SFU software functional unit.
The above-mentioned integrated unit being realized in the form of SFU software functional unit can store and computer-readable deposit at one
In storage media.Above-mentioned SFU software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a computer
Equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) executes receiving/transmission method described in each embodiment of the present invention
Part steps.And storage medium above-mentioned includes: USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, abbreviation
ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, abbreviation RAM), magnetic or disk etc. are various can store
The medium of program code.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, it can also make several improvements and retouch, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.