CN107664082B - A kind of multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling - Google Patents
A kind of multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling Download PDFInfo
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- CN107664082B CN107664082B CN201710911315.5A CN201710911315A CN107664082B CN 107664082 B CN107664082 B CN 107664082B CN 201710911315 A CN201710911315 A CN 201710911315A CN 107664082 B CN107664082 B CN 107664082B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/152—Digital data processing dependent on pinking
- F02P5/1522—Digital data processing dependent on pinking with particular means concerning an individual cylinder
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling, determine the conditioned area that is run of engine whether in pinking conditioned area first: if engine operates in non-pinking conditioned area, the difference of each cylinder Actual combustion center of gravity AI50 and optimal burning center of gravity AI50 are then compared one by one, according to the angle of ignition of the separately adjustable each cylinder of the difference of each cylinder AI50, control the burning center of gravity AI50 of each cylinder all in optimum position, to eliminate the single angle of ignition to the uncontrollable phenomenon of gaseous mixture difference；If engine is transported in knocking zone, if detecting that pinking occurs for certain cylinder, carried out by existing knock control.If there is no pinking, the angles of ignition to be gradually increased the angle of ignition with certain step-length for cylinder, until the angle of ignition is increased to pinking boundary (KBL), to improve the fuel economy of engine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petrol engine combustions, control field, and in particular to a kind of based on multi-cylinder gasoline engine burning center of gravity and quick-fried
Shake feedback, the control method of each cylinder angle of ignition of independent control.
Background technique
The extensive use of internal combustion engine product and the sustainable development of manufacturing industry, to safeguard national security and national economy health
It runs most important.Although in recent years, obtaining the world with electric car, fuel cell car etc. for the new type power technology of representative
The great attention of national governments and motor corporation, but still unanimously think in the industry, traditional combustion engine powered and vapour before the year two thousand fifty
Vehicle will occupy an leading position.Wherein, gasoline engine is since big with power per liter, light-weight, work is soft, Particulate Emission compares diesel engine
The multiple advantage such as good, has been widely used for the major impetus of car and passenger car.
It is well known that gasoline engine is done work by spark ignition mixture combustion, the control of ignition system and the angle of ignition
System is the basis of entire combustion process, it is directly related to the quality of mixture combustion quality, and then influences the fuel oil of engine
Economy, discharge and NVH performance.For current multi-cylinder gasoline engine, when the certain situation of the revolving speed and load of engine
Under, ECU is exported then to be consistent to the angle of ignition of each cylinder.
But since engine manufacture and the data assembled dodge poor, certain cylinder, there are principal fault, air inlet system and exhaust system to design
Defect etc. lead to problems such as each cylinder air inlet uneven or cylinder in residual waste gas quantity difference presence, cause in each cylinder of time of ignition
Mixing gaseity or the amount of gaseous mixture have differences, therefore, demand of each cylinder to optimal ignition angle size should be not at this time
The same, and in order to avoid phenomenon of detonation, each cylinder minimum ignition angle is generally chosen as the unified angle of ignition.
It is certain four cylinder 1.5TGDI engine as shown in Figure 1 under 2400rpm&IMEP=1300KPa operating condition, the identical angle of ignition
Each cylinder shows apparent combustion wave rate., it is apparent that under the identical angle of ignition, the burning weight of the first cylinder and the 4th cylinder
The heart seriously lags, and cyclical variations (COV) obviously deteriorate, and most large cylinder pressure (Pmax) is smaller, wherein the deterioration degree of the first cylinder is higher.
From the example it can be confirmed that since the sudden strain of a muscle difference of engine design, manufacture, assembly easily causes the gaseous mixture state difference of each cylinder
It is different, cause to reflect apparent combustion wave rate in the case where identical angle of ignition.In other words, each cylinder demand is most in this case
The good angle of ignition is different.
Therefore, in the case where each cylinder gaseous mixture state difference can not be eliminated, the practical shape according to each cylinder gaseous mixture is needed
State adjusts the angle of ignition of each cylinder, to improve the burning quality of engine, improves power, economy and the emission performance of engine.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that control technology is integrally and unitarily exported it is an object of the invention to solve existing multi-cylinder gasoline engine igniting, mentions
It is a kind of based on burning center of gravity and pinking feedback information, the control method of each cylinder angle of ignition of single cylinder independent control out.
Basic control thought of the invention is, on multi-cylinder gasoline engine using multiple cylinder pressure sensors feed back each cylinder pinking and
Combustion phase information, the angle of ignition of each cylinder of independent control, makes each cylinder that can work within the scope of full working scope in optimal igniting
Whether whether angle and combustion phase position, ECU check the burning center of gravity AI50 of each operating condition in optimum position or on pinking side
Boundary adjusts the angle of ignition if not in real time, makes each cylinder angle of ignition that can carry out self study within the scope of full working scope, with
Achieve the purpose that improve burning quality, improve fuel economy.In addition, ECU obtains engine by the processing to cylinder pressure signal
The pinking information of each cylinder.
Based on above-mentioned thought, a kind of multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling of the invention of proposition, first
Whether the conditioned area that judgement engine is run is in pinking conditioned area: if engine operates in non-pinking conditioned area,
The difference of each cylinder Actual combustion center of gravity AI50 and optimal burning center of gravity AI50 are compared one by one, it is independent according to the difference of each cylinder AI50
The angle of ignition for adjusting each cylinder controls the burning center of gravity AI50 of each cylinder all in optimum position, to eliminate the single angle of ignition to mixed
Close the uncontrollable phenomenon of gas difference；If engine is transported in knocking zone, if detecting that pinking occurs for certain cylinder, by existing quick-fried
Shake control carries out.If there is no pinking, the angles of ignition to be gradually increased the angle of ignition with certain step-length for cylinder, until igniting
Angle increases to pinking boundary (KBL), to improve the fuel economy of engine.
The method of the invention is realized especially by the following steps:
1, it is demarcated firstly the need of to multi-cylinder gasoline engine, obtains following message:
(1) within the scope of full working scope, the knocking zone and non-knocking zone of Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine are calibrated；
(2) the best position AI50 of each operating point of non-knocking zone is calibrated, (AI50: burning position of centre of gravity)；
(3) the knock control calibration of engine is completed；
(4) each consistent angle of ignition of cylinder output valve of the angle of ignition MAP(for Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine being calibrated according to existing scaling method)；
(5) curve between angle of ignition difference and AI50 difference is fitted, corresponding mathematical relationship is obtained.
2, according to the revolving speed of multi-cylinder gasoline engine and load, whether the operating condition for determining that engine is run at present is in pinking operating condition
Region goes to step 6 if the operating condition of engine is not at pinking operating condition；
If 3, the current operating condition of engine is in pinking operating condition, determine whether each cylinder occurs pinking one by one, if
There is no cylinder pinking, goes to step 5；
If 4, ECU detects that pinking occurs for certain cylinder, the angle of ignition is carried out to the cylinder by existing knock control logic
Control carries out the angle of ignition to the cylinder and gradually reduces control, until being reduced to the cylinder and being in pinking boundary KBL point；
If 5, ECU detects a certain cylinder or a few cylinders there is no pinking, to non-pinking cylinder in existing igniting if ECU
On the basis of angle, then the angle of ignition is gradually increased with identical step-length, until increasing to the cylinder and being in pinking boundary (KBL point) and be
Only；The step-length range for being wherein gradually increased the angle of ignition is 0.1 °C of A-1 °C of A.
If 6, the current operating condition of engine is in non-pinking operating condition, based on the best AI50 point calibrated before,
Determine whether the AI50 of each cylinder is in optimum position one by one, criterion: ∣ best ∣≤1 °C AI50-AI50i A, i represent
Several cylinders.If it is determined that the AI50 of a certain cylinder or a few cylinders is not at the best position AI50, step 8 is gone to；
If 7, ECU detects that the AI50 of a certain cylinder or a few cylinders is exactly in the optimal position AI50, according to existing
Angle of ignition MAP export the angle of ignition；
If 8, the AI50 that ECU detects a certain cylinder or a few cylinders is not in the optimal position AI50, follow these steps into
Row:
(1) difference of the AI50 and best AI50 of current cylinder are calculated first；
(2) according to the difference of current AI50 and best AI50, and the obtained AI50 difference of fitting and angle of ignition difference it
Between mathematical relationship, obtain current cylinder and need the angle of ignition that compensates；
(3) to compensate the summation of the angle of ignition and the angle of ignition MAP output angle of ignition as the angle of ignition of current cylinder final output
It lights a fire.
The method of the present invention is based on burn center of gravity and pinking feedback control, and the angle of ignition of each cylinder of independent control has
Positive technical effect below:
(1) by angle of ignition single cylinder independent control, the angle of ignition can be made to carry out in pinking and non-pinking condition range certainly
Study, makes engine that can make the angle of ignition and combustion phase all in optimum position within the scope of full working scope, to improve burning matter
Amount and fuel economy.
(2) by angle of ignition single cylinder independent control, it is each as caused by design, assembly problem that multi-cylinder gasoline engine can be improved
Each cylinder combustion wave rate and degradation problem caused by the difference of cylinder mixed gas quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is each cylinder combustion wave rate example of certain 1.5TGDI multi-cylinder gasoline engine；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram to realize the system of control method；
Fig. 3 is the control flow chart of this control method；
Fig. 4 is the angle of ignition MAP chart of certain four-cylinder gasoline machine；
Fig. 5 is certain four-cylinder gasoline machine pinking and non-pinking conditioned area schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the best AI50 arteries and veins spectrogram of the non-pinking conditioned area of certain four-cylinder gasoline machine；
Fig. 7 is the matched curve and formula of certain four-cylinder gasoline machine AI50 difference and angle of ignition difference.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail for the embodiment provided below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Referring to Fig. 2, realize that the control system of this multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling includes multi-cylinder gasoline
Machine 1, the exhaust pipe 2 being connected on multi-cylinder gasoline engine 1, exhaust main 3, exhaust manifold 4, air filter 12, air inlet pipe 11, air inlet are total
Pipe 9 and inlet manifold 8, the angle of ignition system 5 being arranged on multi-cylinder gasoline engine, cylinder pressure check equipment 6, injection system 7, air throttle
10, electronic control unit ECU13, speed probe device 14 and accelerator pedal sensor 15.
Injection system 7 can be set also can be set in the cylinder of multi-cylinder gasoline engine 1 in inlet manifold 8, cylinder pressure inspection
Equipment 6 is looked into be arranged in each cylinder of multi-cylinder gasoline engine 1, obtain cylinder pressure signal method include but is not limited to cylinder pressure sensor,
The means such as ionic current.Cylinder pressure checks that the quantity of equipment is equal with the number of cylinders of multi-cylinder gasoline engine.Electronic control unit ECU13 respectively with
Multi-cylinder gasoline engine 1, ignition system 5, cylinder pressure check that equipment 6, injection system 7, air throttle 10, speed probe 14 and throttle are stepped on
The connection of 15 electric signal of plate sensor.From the point of view of system layout, cylinder pressure is respectively set in each cylinder and checks equipment, while utilizing cylinder
Signal is pressed to replace the knock detection function of detonation sensor, but knock control logic and control method use existing method.
Referring to Fig. 3, this multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder is illustrated below by two embodiments of certain four-cylinder gasoline machine
The service condition of method for independently controlling, embodiment is as follows:
Firstly, calibrating the angle of ignition MAP of the engine respectively according to the characteristic of certain four-cylinder gasoline machine, seeing Fig. 4；Pinking
With the line of demarcation of non-knocking zone, Fig. 5 is seen；The best position the AI50 MAP of non-knocking zone, is shown in Fig. 6；And AI50 difference and point
The matched curve and mathematical relationship of fiery angular difference value, are shown in Fig. 7.
Embodiment 1:
When the operating condition of four-cylinder gasoline machine operation is 2400rpm, IMEP=500kpa, the angle of ignition MAP output angle of ignition is
35 °C of A/BTDC, measure the 1st, 2,3, the Actual combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 of 4 cylinders be respectively 12.5,7.5,8,11 °C of A/ATDC,
And the optimal burning position of centre of gravity AI50 of the operating condition is 8 °C of A/ATDC, using control method of the invention, rate-determining steps are as follows:
1) ECU presses detection device according to the cylinder of air throttle 10, speed probe 14, accelerator pedal sensor 15 and each cylinder
6 signal obtains revolving speed and load (2400rpm&IMEP=500kpa) and the pinking demarcated and non-of four-cylinder gasoline machine
The line of demarcation (see figure 5) of knocking zone determines that the operating condition is in non-pinking conditioned area；
2) the 1st, 2,3, the Actual combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 of 4 cylinders and the optimal AI50(8 °C of A/ of the operating condition are determined one by one
ATDC difference), obtains: the 1st, the Actual combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 of 2,3,4 cylinders and the difference of best AI50 be respectively, 4.5,
0.5,0,3°CA.Therefore, the 2nd, 3) less than 1 °C A of AI50 difference of 3 cylinders, goes to step；1st, the AI50 difference of 4 cylinders is greater than 1 °C of A,
It goes to step 4);
3) because of less than 1 °C A of difference of the 2nd, the Actual combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 and best AI50 of 3 cylinders, then 2,3 cylinders
The angle of ignition is directly shown in Fig. 4 according to angle of ignition MAP() output, then the 2nd, the angle of ignition of 3 cylinders be 35 °C of A/BTDC；
4) because the difference of the 1st, the Actual combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 and best AI50 of 4 cylinders are greater than 1 °C of A, respectively 4.5
The 1st, the 4 cylinder angles of ignition are obtained with the mathematical relationship (such as Fig. 7) of 3 °C of A, difference and angle of ignition difference matched curve further according to AI50
Offset angle be respectively 5.4 °C of A and 3.7 °C of A
5) then the 1st cylinder of operating condition igniting final output value is 40.4 °C of A/BTDC(35+5.4=40.4 °C A/BTDC)；
4th cylinder angle of ignition final output value is 38.7 °C of A/BTDC(35+3.7=38.7 °C A/BTDC).
Embodiment 2:
When the operating condition of four-cylinder gasoline machine operation is 2400rpm, IMEP=1800kpa, the angle of ignition of angle of ignition MAP output
For 8 °C of A/BTDC, the four-cylinder gasoline machine the 2nd, 3 cylinders occur pinking, the 1st, but there is no pinkings for 4 cylinders, using of the invention
Control method, rate-determining steps are as follows:
1) ECU is according to the revolving speed and load (2400rpm&IMEP=1800kpa) of engine and pinking and non-knocking zone
Line of demarcation (see figure 5) determines that the operating condition is in pinking conditioned area；
2) according to knock detection, engine the 2nd, 3 cylinders pinking occurs, the 1st, 4 there is not apparent phenomenon of detonation；
3) ECU carries out knock control according to existing knock control logic to the 2nd, 3 cylinders；1st, the control of 4 cylinders is gone to step
4)；
4) since pinking situation do not occur in the 1st, 4 cylinders, then with 0.5 °C of A's on the basis of the 1st, the 4 cylinders existing angle of ignition
Step-length is gradually increased the angle of ignition.Every increase once all is made whether the judgement that pinking occurs: if there is no pinking, continuing
Continue to increase the angle of ignition with the step-length of 0.5 °C of A, until increasing to the pinking boundary (KBL point) of the cylinder；If there is pinking in the cylinder
According to knock control logic control, i.e., the angle of ignition is carried out to the cylinder and gradually reduce control, until being reduced to the cylinder is in pinking side
Until boundary KBL point.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
(1) whether the conditioned area that judgement engine is run is in pinking conditioned area:
(2) if engine operates in non-pinking conditioned area, best combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 is compared one by one and each cylinder is practical
The difference of burning position of centre of gravity AI50 makes the burning position of centre of gravity AI50 of each cylinder according to the angle of ignition of the separately adjustable each cylinder of difference
All control is in optimum position, to eliminate the single angle of ignition to the uncontrollable phenomenon of gaseous mixture difference；
If engine is transported in knocking zone, if detecting that pinking occurs for certain cylinder, carried out by existing knock control；If inspection
It measures cylinder and pinking does not occur, then the angle of ignition is gradually increased with identical step-length, until the angle of ignition is increased to pinking boundary KBL
Point, to improve the fuel economy of engine;
The step (2) specifically includes:
(2.1) if the operating condition of engine is not at pinking operating condition, (2.5) step is gone to；
(2.2) if the current operating condition of engine is in pinking operating condition, ECU determines whether each cylinder occurs pinking one by one, such as
Fruit does not have cylinder pinking, goes to (2.4) step；
(2.3) if ECU detects that pinking occurs for certain cylinder, the angle of ignition of the cylinder is gradually reduced, until being reduced at the cylinder
Until the KBL point of pinking boundary；
(2.4) if ECU detects a certain cylinder or a few cylinders there is no pinking, to non-pinking cylinder in existing igniting if ECU
On the basis of angle, the angle of ignition is gradually increased with identical step-length, until increasing to the cylinder and being in pinking boundary KBL point；
(2.5) if the current operating condition of engine is in non-pinking operating condition, based on the best combustion center of gravity calibrated before
Position AI50 point, ECU determine whether the burning position of centre of gravity AI50 point of each cylinder is in optimum position one by one, if it is decided that a certain out
The burning position of centre of gravity AI50 point of cylinder or a few cylinders is not at optimum position, goes to (2.7) step；
(2.6) if ECU detects that the AI50 of a certain cylinder or a few cylinders is exactly in the optimal position AI50, according to existing
Angle of ignition MAP exports the angle of ignition；
(2.7) if ECU detects the AI50 of a certain cylinder or a few cylinders not in the optimal position AI50, follow these steps into
Row:
The difference of burning the position of centre of gravity AI50 and best combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 obtained by calibrating of current cylinder are calculated first；
According to the difference of current AI50 and best AI50, and the AI50 difference that is fitted and point when being demarcated to multi-cylinder gasoline engine
Mathematical relationship between fiery angular difference value obtains the angle of ignition that current cylinder needs to compensate；
It is lighted a fire using compensating the angle of ignition and the angle of ignition of summation as the current cylinder final output of the angle of ignition MAP output angle of ignition
Control.
2. multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step
(1) it is revolving speed and load according to multi-cylinder gasoline engine, whether the operating condition for determining that engine is run at present is in pinking conditioned area.
3. multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the judgement
The criterion whether the burning position of centre of gravity AI50 point of each cylinder is in optimum position is best ∣≤1 °C the AI50-AI50i A of: ∣
, which cylinder i represents, and as actual measurement AI50<best AI50, the angle of ignition is adjusted toward direction is reduced, as actual measurement AI50>best AI50,
The angle of ignition is adjusted toward augment direction.
4. multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the igniting
The step-length scope control at angle is in 0.1 °C of A-1 °C of A.
5. multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that
Multi-cylinder gasoline engine is demarcated, following message is obtained:
Within the scope of full working scope, the knocking zone and non-knocking zone of Multi-Cylinder Diesel Engine are calibrated；
Calibrate the best combustion position of centre of gravity AI50 of each operating point of non-knocking zone；
The knock control of engine is demarcated；
The angle of ignition MAP of multi-cylinder gasoline engine, i.e., each consistent angle of ignition of cylinder output valve；
The curve between angle of ignition difference and AI50 difference is fitted, corresponding mathematical relationship is obtained.
6. multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that
The cylinder pressure signal of each cylinder is obtained, the method for obtaining cylinder pressure signal includes but is not limited to cylinder pressure sensor, ionic current means,
Cylinder pressure signal real-time delivery is handled to ECU again.
7. a kind of control for the described in any item multi-cylinder gasoline engine angle of ignition single cylinder method for independently controlling for realizing claim 1-6
System presses detection device (6), oil spout including multi-cylinder gasoline engine (1), the angle of ignition system (5) being arranged on multi-cylinder gasoline engine, cylinder
System (7), air throttle (10), electronic control unit ECU(13), oil speed probe (14) and be arranged in gas pedal
Door pedal sensor (15)；It is characterized in that, every cylinder sets cylinder pressure detection device (6), the electronic control unit ECU(13)
Detection device (6), injection system (7), air throttle (10), revolving speed are pressed with the ignition system (5) of multi-cylinder gasoline engine (1), cylinder respectively
Sensor (14) and the connection of accelerator pedal sensor (15) electric signal；
Whether the conditioned area that the electronic control unit ECU judgement engine is run is in pinking conditioned area:
If engine operates in non-pinking conditioned area, electronic control unit ECU compares best combustion position of centre of gravity one by one
The difference of AI50 and each cylinder Actual combustion position of centre of gravity AI50, the difference according to each cylinder burning position of centre of gravity AI50 are separately adjustable each
The angle of ignition of cylinder controls the burning position of centre of gravity AI50 of each cylinder all in optimum position, to eliminate the single angle of ignition to mixing
The uncontrollable phenomenon of gas difference；
If engine fortune, in knocking zone, if detecting that pinking occurs for certain cylinder, electronic control unit ECU if, presses existing pinking
Control carries out, and gives ignition system control signal；If detecting that pinking do not occur for cylinder, electronic control unit ECU if, is controlled
Ignition system is gradually increased the angle of ignition with identical step-length, until the angle of ignition is increased to pinking boundary KBL point, to improve hair
The fuel economy of motivation.
8. control system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the electronic control unit ECU is according to air throttle
(10), the signal of cylinder pressure detection device (6) of speed probe (14), accelerator pedal sensor (15) and each cylinder obtains multi-cylinder
Whether the revolving speed and load of gasoline engine, the operating condition for determining that engine is run at present are in pinking conditioned area.
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| CN108915883B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-08-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Spark ignition type engine super detonation monitoring system |
| CN112682241B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-10-04 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Method and device for controlling ignition timing of engine |
| CN113738555B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-12-30 | 合众新能源汽车有限公司 | Ignition angle correction method and device |
| CN114233500B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-02-20 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method for working uniformity of each cylinder of large-cylinder-diameter diesel engine and diesel engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4211194A (en) * | 1976-11-10 | 1980-07-08 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Ignition system for internal combustion engines |
| US4774922A (en) * | 1986-10-17 | 1988-10-04 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Spark ignition timing control system for spark ignition internal combustion engine with quicker advance of spark advance in transition from anti-knock mode to MBI mode control operation |
| US4971007A (en) * | 1989-09-25 | 1990-11-20 | Ford Motor Company | System and method for combined knock and torque timing control |
| DE10360201A1 (en) * | 2003-12-20 | 2005-07-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for calculating an ignition angle of an internal combustion engine |
| JP2008031917A (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2008-02-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | Ignition timing control device for internal combustion engine |
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