CN107661452A - 防治猪风热感冒的中药饲料添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
防治猪风热感冒的中药饲料添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有防治猪风热感冒的中药饲料添加剂及其制备方法,可防治猪风热感冒病症。本添加剂包括由下述成分的原料制成的:鬼针草、紫苏、千里光、车前草、金银藤、鸭跖草、苍耳草、蒲公英、竹叶、白花银背藤、大蒜叶和田基黄,将上述原料按照比例配比,制得中药饲料添加剂为粉剂或浓缩水剂。本发明添加剂利用当地特色中药植物,精心配比,防治猪风热感冒效果显著,提高家猪免疫力,无毒无公害,不产生抗药性,成本低廉,满足无公害养殖家猪、提高猪肉品质的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种饲料添加剂及其制备方法,特别是具有防治猪风热感冒的饲料添加剂及制备方法。
背景技术
猪是一种不耐热的家畜,在炎热的夏季,特别是七八月份,易发生风热感冒病症。病猪表现为发热不食,精神倦怠,卧多立少,眼红流泪,便秘,粪便干燥等症状,病程长且难治疗,且易继发其他疾病,易导致猪呼吸道黏膜增厚,甚至转入肺热症,影响猪的生长。本病多发于4个月龄以上的猪,约占发病率90%以上,病程大多为3-6日,长者达10日以上,阻碍和拖延了家猪的上市时间,造成养殖户的经济损失。
一些养猪场不明猪感冒原因,常依据猪风寒感冒或流感的治疗方案给猪进行治疗,给猪服用不对症的药方或甚至注射抗生素药物,不当的治疗方案会延误治疗的时间,影响治疗的效果,抗生素滥用使猪产生抗药性,同时还会有药物残留在体内,影响了猪肉的品质,在倡导绿色食品的当今社会,经过抗生素治疗的肉类自然不会受到消费者的欢迎。
我们通过专利和文献检索,也发现了一些现有关于防治猪风热感冒的中药添加剂,例如:
1、一种中药复方制剂及其制备方法和应用,申请号:CN201410207672.X;申请人:清远容大生物工程有限公司;
摘要:一种中药复方制剂及其制备方法和应用,所述中药复方制剂是由有效成分和药学上可接受的辅料组成,所述有效成分是由下列重量份数配比的物质组成:金银花提取物1~25份,黄芩提取物6~18份,甘草提取物1~9份。在本发明中,金银花、黄芩、甘草配伍,能增强清热解毒、化痰止咳的功效,达到抗病毒、抗菌、抗炎、解热、免疫调节的作用,可应用于治疗猪风热感冒;发挥组合效应,疗效好,见效快,无抗生素残留和耐药性;制备工艺简单、成本低,具有较强的市场竞争力;中药来源丰富,价格适中,适合工业化生产和应用。
以上对比文件中药制剂也有防治猪风热感冒的功效,但成分与本发明不同,因此在治疗效果上也会有不同。
发明内容
本发明的目的是向市场提供一种不同于现有猪饲料添加剂,防治猪风热感冒的饲料添加剂及其制作方法,具有治疗猪风热感冒,提高家猪抵抗力的功效,并且所用中药组分在当地为普通常见草药和植物,因此在当地具有原料易找,当地民众易辨识等优点。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:
具有防治猪感冒的中药饲料添加剂,由包括下列重量配比的中草药鲜草原料制得:鬼针草7-9份、紫苏7-9份、千里光3-5份、车前草7-9份、金银藤2-4份、鸭跖草3-5份、苍耳草3-5份、蒲公英1-3份、竹叶1-3份、白花银背藤1-3份、大蒜叶1-3份、马齿苋1-3份和田基黄3-5份。
粉剂制备过程如下:
按重量配比取鬼针草、紫苏、千里光、车前草、金银藤、鸭跖草、苍耳草、蒲公英、竹叶、白花银背藤、大蒜叶和田基黄的鲜草原料,将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%;将干燥的上述用微波炉加热消毒2-3分钟;用粉碎机将原料打成150-250目细粉,装袋或装瓶备用,即得饲料添加剂粉剂。
浓缩水剂制备过程如下:
按重量配比取鬼针草、紫苏、千里光、车前草、金银藤、鸭跖草、苍耳草、蒲公英、竹叶、白花银背藤、大蒜叶和田基黄的鲜草原料,将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%,得备用料;用粉碎机将备用料打成50-80目细粉,用药物重量8-10倍清水浸泡2小时以上,煮沸3-5小时,过滤得一次溶液;药渣再加水3-5倍,煮沸1-2小时,过滤,两次滤液合并;将合并的滤液煎至浓缩成50%的浓缩液分瓶灌装,灭菌,即得浓缩水剂。
本发明所选用的中草药组分具有如下功效:
以上所述的鬼针草,为菊科植物鬼针草Bidens bipinnata L.的全草,【别名】:鬼钗草、鬼黄花、山东老鸦草、婆婆针、鬼骨针、盲肠草、跳虱草、豆渣菜、叉婆子、引线包、针包草、一把针、刺儿鬼、鬼蒺藜、乌藤菜、清胃草、跟人走、粘花衣、鬼菊、擂钻草、山虱母、粘身草、咸丰草、脱力草,【功能主治】:清热解毒,祛风除湿,活血消肿。可预防感冒、治疗伤风流感。现代研究表明,其中所含黄酮类成分具有提高免疫力的功效。
以上所述的紫苏,为唇形科一年生草本植物Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.以茎、叶入药,
【别名】:桂荏、白苏、赤苏、红苏、黑苏、白紫苏、青苏、苏麻、水升麻,【功能主治】:散表寒,发汗力较强,用于风寒表症,见恶寒、发热、无汗等症。散寒解表,理气宽中。主治感冒发热,怕冷,无汗,胸闷,咳嗽。其所含挥发油具有解热、抗炎、抗真菌的功效。
以上所述的千里光,菊科植物千里光Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don的全草入药,【别名】:九里明、九里光、黄花母、九龙光、九岭光,【功能主治】:清热解毒,明目,利湿。主治痈肿疮毒,感冒发热,目赤肿痛,泄泻痢疾,皮肤湿疹。现代研究表明,其所含黄酮类、酚酸类和挥发油物质具有抗菌、抗炎、抗病毒的功效。
以上所述的车前草,为车前科植物车前Plantago asiatica L.或平车前Plantagodepressa Willd.的新鲜全草,【别名】:虾蟆衣、牛遗、胜舄 【功能主治】:清热,利尿,祛痰,凉血,解毒。主治水肿尿少,热淋涩痛,暑湿泻痢,痰热咳嗽,吐血衄血,痈肿疮毒。其所含桃叶珊瑚苷、车前苷和各种有机酸成分有消炎、抗菌的作用。
以上所述的金银藤,为忍冬科忍冬属植物忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.、华南忍冬Lonicera confusa (Sweet) DC.、菰腺忍冬Lonicera hypoglauca Miq.、黄褐毛忍冬Lonicera fulvotomentosa Hsu et S. C. Cheng的茎,【别名】:忍冬、鸳鸯藤、鹭鸶藤,老翁须、左缠藤、金钗股、通灵草、蜜桶藤、金银花,【功能主治】:具有清热解毒之功效。主治外感风热或温病发热,中暑,热毒血痢,痈肿疔疮,喉痹,多种感染性疾病。其医学用途十分广泛,具有解热、抗炎、抗菌和增强免疫力的功效。
以上所述的鸭跖草,鸭跖草科植物鸭跖草Commelina communis的地上部分入药,【别名】:兰花草、竹叶草 ,【功能主治】:清热泻火,解毒,利水消肿。主治感冒发热,热病烦渴,咽喉肿痛,水肿尿少,热淋涩痛,痈肿疔毒。可用于流行性感冒、急性扁桃体炎、咽炎和肺炎等症。
以上所述的苍耳草,一年生草本菊科植物苍耳XanthiumsibiricumPatrin的地上部分,【别名】:苔耳、老苍子、卷毛子、切才尔,【功能主治】:果实为发汗,利尿,解热,排毒药,有镇痉,镇痛作用,治肌肉神经麻痹,关节痛,水肿等病。茎、叶捣烂涂疥癣,湿症,虫伤,有发汗、祛风湿、止痛等功效,适用于风湿痛、头痛、肌肉麻痹等疾患。苍耳子内服外用能通鼻窍,可用於鼻渊,时流黄脓鼻涕,鼻塞不通(即类似於现代的慢性鼻炎)。
以上所述的蒲公英,菊科蒲公英属多年生草本植物Taraxacum mongolicumHand.-Mazz全草入药,【别名】:华花郎、蒲公草、食用蒲公英、尿床草、西洋蒲公英、婆婆丁,【功能主治】:清热解毒,利尿散结。治急性乳腺炎,淋巴腺炎,瘰疬,疔毒疮肿,急性结膜炎,感冒发热,急性扁桃体炎,急性支气管炎,胃炎,肝炎,胆囊炎,尿路感染。医学临床验证,其提取物对流感病毒有抑制作,并可提高免疫力。
以上所述的竹叶,为禾本科植物淡竹Phyllostachys nigra(Lodd. exLindl.)Munro var.henonis(Mitf.)Stapf et Rendle等的叶【别名】:淡竹叶,【功能主治】:清热除烦,生津,利尿,主治热病烦渴,小儿惊痫,咳逆吐衄,小便短赤,口糜舌疮。
以上所述的白花银背藤,旋花科、银背藤属藤本Argyreia seguinii (Levl.)Van. ex Levl的叶子入药,【别名】:葛藤、跌打王、白牛藤;【功能主治】:升阳解肌,透疹止泻,除烦止温。治伤寒、温热头痛项强,烦热消渴,泄泻,痢疾,癍疹不透,高血压,心绞痛,耳聋。有消炎功效。
以上所述的姜叶,姜科姜属多年生草本植物 Zingiber officinale Rosc的叶子入药,【别名】:生姜、白姜、川姜,【功能主治】:治打伤瘀血,温肺,心脏疾病,益肝,健脾,和胃,强筋,养颜护肤,通血,调经的功效。其所含的姜黄素物质具有抗炎功效。
以上所述的大蒜叶,为百合科葱属植物蒜Allium sativum L.的叶子入药,【别名】:蒜、蒜头、独头蒜、胡蒜、葫,【功能主治】:解毒消肿,杀虫,止痢。主治痈肿疮疡,疥癣,肺痨,顿咳,泄泻,痢疾。对多种细菌有抑制作用,并可提高机体免疫力。
以上所述的田基黄,为藤黄科植物地耳草Hemiboeasubcapitata Clarke的全草,【别名】:地耳草、雀舌草、蛇查口、跌水草、寸金草,【功能主治】:清热解毒,利湿退黄,消肿散瘀。用于湿热黄疸,肠痈,目赤肿痛,热毒疮肿;近有用于急慢性肝炎、早期肝硬化、肝区疼痛,阑尾炎,乳腺炎,肺脓肿。现代医学表明,其对呼吸道的免疫功能有一定程度上的积极影响。
本发明具有治疗猪风热感冒功效中各成分的药理功能是:
鬼针草清热解毒,提高免疫力;紫苏解热、抗炎;车前草清热、凉血、利湿;三者为君药。
千里光清热抗炎;金银藤解热抗炎;鸭跖草清热泻火,解毒消炎,利水消肿;苍耳草利尿,解热,缓解鼻塞症状;田基黄清热解毒,利湿消炎,提高呼吸道免疫力;五者为臣药;
竹叶清热除烦,生津;白花银背藤除烦止温,消炎;蒲公英清热消炎,提高免疫力;大蒜叶抑菌,提高免疫力;四者为佐药;
以上就是本发明具有治疗猪风热感冒功效的中药饲料添加及其制备方法,可治疗猪风热感冒症状,其中药的主要治疗功效为:消热、消炎为主导,并增强猪体的免疫力。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明精选多种当地植物,经过多年实践,利用植物草药自身功效达到治疗猪风热感冒的目的,并同时可增强家猪的抵抗力,本发明适用范围广,对公猪、母猪、仔猪均有显著疗效。
2、本发明使用纯天然植物制成,无添加抗生素等药物,家猪服用无产生抗药性,无药物残留,满足绿色食品畜养业的要求。
3、本中药饲料添加剂原材料在当地广泛存在且价格低廉,适宜工业大规模生产需要。
4、本中药饲料添加剂使用方便,药品无需前处理,即开即用,加入饲料中即可使用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取以下重量配比的中草药鲜草原料:鬼针草7份、紫苏7份、千里光3份、车前草7份、金银藤2份、鸭跖草3份、苍耳草3份、蒲公英1份、竹叶1份、白花银背藤1份、大蒜叶1份、马齿苋1份和田基黄3份;将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%;将干燥的上述用微波炉加热消毒2分钟;用粉碎机将原料打成150目细粉,装袋备用,即得饲料添加剂粉剂。
实施例2
取以下重量配比的中草药鲜草原料:鬼针草9份、紫苏9份、千里光5份、车前草9份、金银藤4份、鸭跖草5份、苍耳草5份、蒲公英3份、竹叶3份、白花银背藤3份、大蒜叶3份、马齿苋3份和田基黄5份;将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%;将干燥的上述用微波炉加热消毒3分钟;用粉碎机将原料打成250目细粉,装瓶备用,即得饲料添加剂粉剂。
实施例3鬼针草8份、紫苏8份、千里光4份、车前草8份、金银藤3份、鸭跖草4份、苍耳草4份、蒲公英2份、竹叶2份、白花银背藤2份、大蒜叶2份、马齿苋2份和田基黄4份;将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%,得备用料;用粉碎机将备用料打成50目细粉,用药物重量8倍清水浸泡2小时,煮沸3小时,过滤得一次溶液;药渣再加水3倍,煮沸1小时,过滤,两次滤液合并;将合并的滤液煎至浓缩成50%的浓缩液分瓶灌装,灭菌,即得浓缩水剂。
实施例4
取以下重量配比的中草药鲜草原料:鬼针草7份、紫苏8份、千里光5份、车前草7份、金银藤3份、鸭跖草5份、苍耳草4份、蒲公英2份、竹叶3份、白花银背藤1份、大蒜叶2份、马齿苋2份和田基黄5份;将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%,得备用料;用粉碎机将备用料打成80目细粉,用药物重量10倍清水浸泡2小时以上,煮沸5小时,过滤得一次溶液;药渣再加水5倍,煮沸2小时,过滤,两次滤液合并;将合并的滤液煎至浓缩成50%的浓缩液分瓶灌装,灭菌,即得浓缩水剂。
应用实施例:
在2000年-2012年间,本发明人对使用本中药饲料添加剂对患上风热感冒的家猪进行治疗并进行跟踪统计,包括仔猪、母猪、公猪均有治疗案例。
治疗方案:
患病成年公猪、母猪一日添加两至三次,每次添加100-200g,每周连续添加2-3天。
患病仔猪一日添加两至三次,每次添加50-100g,每周连续添加1-2天。
添加量根据病情严重程度以及家猪体重酌情进行减量和增加。
临床试验表明:本发明中药猪饲料添加剂对猪风热感冒具有显著疗效。
实施例1:广西横县马山乡某养殖户,蓄养约有70头家猪,正值7月中旬季节,天气炎热。有8头猪不同程度出现了发热流涕、精神不振、食欲减退的现象,其中患病为6只公猪,2只母猪。经兽医诊断为家猪风热感冒,后使用本发明饲料添加剂膏剂,每日添加两次,每次每猪添加150g,连续使用了2天后,所有家猪痊愈。
实施例2:广西横县横州镇某养殖户,蓄养12头家猪,在8月中旬,其中三只家猪开始发烧,咳嗽,只喜饮水,但不食饲料,精神不振。2日后情况加重,体温升至40℃左右,经农科站兽医检查为猪风热感冒,使用本发明添加剂浓缩水剂,每日添加3次,每次添加100ml,连续使用3天,三只家猪均痊愈。
实施例3:广西横县南山乡某养猪场,蓄养约有150头家猪,因条件有限,猪舍狭窄,加之通风不畅,2006年8月下旬约三分之一家猪不同程度出现了发热气喘、流涕,呼吸急促的现象。经兽医诊断为风热感冒,使用本发明添加剂粉剂,每日添加两次,每次添加200g,连续使用了3天后,情况大为好转,大部分痊愈,少部分情况严重者也症状大大减轻,持续使用到第五天后,所有家猪均痊愈。
Claims (3)
1.一种具有防治猪风热感冒的中药饲料添加剂,其特征在于:由包括下列重量配比的中草药原料制得:鬼针草7-9份、紫苏7-9份、千里光3-5份、车前草7-9份、金银藤2-4份、鸭跖草3-5份、苍耳草3-5份、蒲公英1-3份、竹叶1-3份、白花银背藤1-3份、大蒜叶1-3份、马齿苋1-3份和田基黄3-5份;所制得中药饲料添加剂为粉剂或浓缩水剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的具有防治猪风热感冒的中药饲料添加剂,其特征在于:粉剂制备过程如下:
(1)按重量配比取鬼针草、紫苏、千里光、车前草、金银藤、鸭跖草、苍耳草、蒲公英、竹叶、白花银背藤、大蒜叶和田基黄的原料,将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%;
(2)将干燥的上述用微波炉加热消毒2-3分钟;
(3)用粉碎机将原料打成150-250目细粉,装袋或装瓶备用,即得饲料添加剂粉剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的具有具有防治猪风热感冒的中药饲料添加剂,其特征在于:浓缩水剂制备过程如下:
(1)按重量配比取鬼针草、紫苏、千里光、车前草、金银藤、鸭跖草、苍耳草、蒲公英、竹叶、白花银背藤、大蒜叶和田基黄的原料,将原料使用清水清洗干净,放置沥水后,晒干或用热风烘干至含水量小于10%,得备用料;
(2)用粉碎机将备用料打成50-80目细粉,用药物重量8-10倍清水浸泡2小时以上,煮沸3-5小时,过滤得一次溶液;药渣再加水3-5倍,煮沸1-2小时,过滤,两次滤液合并;
(3)将合并的滤液煎至浓缩成50%的浓缩液分瓶灌装,灭菌,即得浓缩水剂。
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