CN107658560A - A kind of ceramic antenna and its production technology for mobile terminal - Google Patents
A kind of ceramic antenna and its production technology for mobile terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107658560A CN107658560A CN201711058209.3A CN201711058209A CN107658560A CN 107658560 A CN107658560 A CN 107658560A CN 201711058209 A CN201711058209 A CN 201711058209A CN 107658560 A CN107658560 A CN 107658560A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of antenna, and in particular to a kind of ceramic antenna and its production technology for mobile terminal, including ceramic rod, the metal terminal positioned at ceramic rod both ends, the metal wire for being set around ceramic rod surface;The length of the ceramic rod is L, a diameter of D of ceramic rod, dielectric constant Er, light velocity c, and ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and the number of turns that metal wire is set around ceramic rod surface is N, and N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f).The ceramic antenna simple production process of the present invention, applied widely, compact.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna, more particularly to a kind of ceramic antenna and its production technology for mobile terminal.
Background technology
Antenna undoubtedly has considerable position in the radio-frequency front-end of the mobile terminals such as mobile phone, is transmitting and receives letter
Number critical elements.With developing rapidly for wireless telecommunications industry, mobile terminal have been assigned more functions (such as bluetooth,
GPS, bimodulus and UWB etc.), it means that have to integrate increasing antenna in mobile terminal, meanwhile, customer demand is more
The profile of function mobile terminal is more frivolous, and reliably, such two kinds of trend proposes higher requirement to mobile terminal antenna:My god
Line embeddedization and miniaturization etc., therefore there is ceramic antenna.
Ceramic antenna as transmitting antenna briefly, exactly by an electrode for being called " antenna " by between antenna and ground
The high-frequency electric field of formation becomes electromagnetic wave, so as to launch and pass ripple to a distant place.Ceramic antenna is simple as reception antenna
Say, by the electromagnetic wave induction transmitted in the air be electric field exactly by an electrode for being called " antenna ", generate high-frequency signal voltage,
It is sent to receiver and carries out signal transacting.
The ceramic antenna of prior art mainly based on lamination (LTCC LTCCs technique), main flow be
Sintered after ceramic substrate printed thereon metal pattern.In the presence of following drawback, on the one hand, laminated process is extremely complex, at least needs
Want several layers of to be required for printing corresponding pattern to ten several layers of ceramic substrates, every layer of ceramic substrate, afterwards by all ceramic bases
Plate, which forces together, to be gone to sinter again, also to increase electrode after sintering, then go to electroplate, complex manufacturing.Second aspect, difference should
Different resonant frequencies is needed with occasion, LTCC multi-layered ceramics antenna can only typically realize a kind of resonant frequency, narrow application range.
The third aspect, volume is larger, is not inconsistent with the main trend of miniaturization.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides simple production process, one kind applied widely, compact is used to move
The ceramic antenna and its production technology of dynamic terminal.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:A kind of ceramic antenna for mobile terminal, including ceramic rod, positioned at pottery
The metal terminal at porcelain rod both ends, the metal wire for being set around ceramic rod surface;The length of the ceramic rod is L, the diameter of ceramic rod
For D, dielectric constant Er, light velocity c, ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and the number of turns that metal wire is set around ceramic rod surface is N,
And N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f).
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, the ceramic rod surface is arranged with some strands of metal wires, per money paid for shares
The number of turns N for belonging to line is N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f) with the relation that corresponding ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, the metal terminal includes internal iron core and is plated on iron core table
The coating in face, the both ends of metal wire are respectively welded in metal terminal.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, the dielectric constant of the ceramic rod is preferably 10, metal wire winding
The number of turns is less than 11 circles, and ceramic rod length is preferably 14mm.
For the production technology of the ceramic antenna of mobile terminal, comprise the following steps, a, making ceramic rod, its a diameter of D,
Dielectric constant is Er, b, makes two metal terminals, and two metal terminals are connected into ceramic rod both ends, c, in ceramic rod
Surface sets metal wire.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step b, metal terminal includes internal iron core and is plated on iron
The coating of wicking surface, the both ends of metal wire are respectively welded in metal terminal.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step c, metal wire is taken, metal wire one end is first welded in one
Individual metal terminal, metal wire is then set around ceramic rod, the metal wire other end is welded in another metal after winding
Terminal.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step c, ceramic rod surface after plating cuts out required circle
The pattern of several metal wires.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step c, a diameter of D of ceramic rod, dielectric constant Er, light
Speed is c, and ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and the number of turns that metal wire is set around ceramic rod surface is N, according to formula N* π * D+L=2*
C/ (Er*f+f) determines the winding number of turns N of metal wire.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step a, ceramic rod diameter is preferably 14mm, and dielectric constant is excellent
Elect 10 as, in step c, the metal wire winding number of turns is less than 11 circles
For the production technology of the ceramic antenna of mobile terminal, comprise the following steps, a, making ceramic rod, its a diameter of D,
Dielectric constant is Er, b, makes two metal terminals, and two metal terminals are connected into ceramic rod both ends, c, choose metal
Line, metal wire one end is first welded in a metal terminal, metal wire is then set around ceramic rod, by metal after winding
The line other end is welded in another metal terminal.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step b, metal terminal includes internal iron core and is plated on iron
The coating of wicking surface, the both ends of metal wire are respectively welded in metal terminal.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step c, a diameter of D of ceramic rod, dielectric constant Er, light
Speed is c, and ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and the number of turns that metal wire is set around ceramic rod surface is N, according to formula N* π * D+L=2*
C/ (Er*f+f) determines the winding number of turns N of metal wire.
To being further improved to for above-mentioned technical proposal, in step a, ceramic rod diameter is preferably 14mm, and dielectric constant is excellent
Elect 10 as, in step c, the metal wire winding number of turns is less than 11 circles.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, one side, ceramic antenna structure of the invention is simple, compact, can be suitably used for small mobile terminals, meets
Miniaturization trend.Second aspect, the production technology of ceramic antenna, specifically, a, making ceramic rod, its a diameter of D, dielectric
Constant is Er, b, makes two metal terminals, and two metal terminals are connected into ceramic rod both ends, c, choose metal wire,
Metal wire one end is first welded in a metal terminal, metal wire is then set around ceramic rod, by metal wire after winding
The other end is welded in another metal terminal, can be directly according to formula N* π * D+L=2*c/ it is determined that during the metal wire winding number of turns
(Er*f+f) determine around how many circles, wherein, the length of ceramic rod is L, a diameter of D of ceramic rod, dielectric constant Er, the light velocity
For c, ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and the number of turns that metal wire is set around ceramic rod surface is N, simple production process, is easy to advise greatly
Mould produces.The third aspect, ceramic rod surface can simultaneously winding multiply metal wire, according to different requirements, per share metal wire is set
Different winding turns are put, to meet the requirement of the resonant frequency of distinct device, ensure that a ceramic antenna can receive not simultaneously
With the signal of frequency range so that a ceramic antenna can work as several uses, vdiverse in function, and can be suitably used for different resonant frequencies
Under, it is applied widely.
2nd, metal terminal includes internal iron core and is plated on the coating on iron core surface, the both ends of metal wire be respectively welded in
Metal terminal, first carrying out plating on iron core surface forms coating, is easy to the welding of metal wire and metal terminal, further simplify
The production technology of ceramic antenna.
3 metal wires can also cut out required circle after plating by first integrally being electroplated to ceramic rod on ceramic rod surface
The pattern of several metal wires, follow-up ceramic antenna characteristic debugging difficult problem caused by using coiling is avoided, further simplify
The production technology of ceramic antenna.
4th, ceramic rod length is preferably 14mm, and the dielectric constant of ceramic rod is preferably 10, in the case where length is certain, is situated between
Electric constant is larger, ceramic rod small volume, further reduces the volume of ceramic antenna.The metal wire winding number of turns is less than 11 circles, around
If the number of turns is too many, production difficulty is increased, short-circuit risks increase, and smaller to frequency influence, therefore winding 11 is enclosed on ceramic rod
Metal wire is the upper limit, further simplify the production technology of ceramic antenna.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the ceramic antenna of embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is the test result schematic diagram of embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the ceramic antenna of embodiment two;
Fig. 5 is the test result schematic diagram of embodiment two.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the ceramic antenna of embodiment three;
Fig. 7 is the test result schematic diagram of embodiment three;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the ceramic antenna of example IV;
Fig. 9 is the test result schematic diagram of example IV.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in figure 1, the mounting structure schematic diagram for the present invention.
The installation and application of ceramic antenna 100 of the present invention is:
Ceramic antenna 100 is welded to above circuit board 300 by pad 200, and high frequency electric is flowed into by feed port 400
Into feeder line 500, pad 200 is reached by one group of matching network 600 (inductance or electric capacity), eventually arrives at ceramic antenna 100
On, the high frequency electric above ceramic antenna 100 forms electromagnetic field radiation and gone out, and reaches the purpose of transmission signal.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the respectively structural representation of the ceramic antenna of embodiment one and test result figure.
A kind of ceramic antenna 100 for mobile terminal, including ceramic rod 110, the metal end positioned at the both ends of ceramic rod 110
Son 120, the metal wire 130 for being set around the surface of ceramic rod 110;The length of the ceramic rod 110 is L, ceramic rod 110 it is a diameter of
D, dielectric constant Er, light velocity c, the resonant frequency of ceramic antenna 100 are f, and metal wire 130 is set around the surface of ceramic rod 110
The number of turns is N, and N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f).
The production technology of the ceramic antenna 100 of the present invention is to comprise the following steps, and a, makes ceramic rod 110, its is a diameter of
D, dielectric constant Er, b, two metal terminals 120 are made, two metal terminals 120 are connected to 110 liang of ceramic rod
End, c, metal wire 130 is chosen, the one end of metal wire 130 is first welded in a metal terminal 120, then by the winding of metal wire 130
In ceramic rod 110, the other end of metal wire 130 is welded in another metal terminal 120 after winding.
In step b, metal terminal 120 includes internal iron core and is plated on the coating on iron core surface, and the two of metal wire 130
End is respectively welded in metal terminal 120.
In step c, a diameter of D of ceramic rod 110, dielectric constant Er, light velocity c, the resonant frequency of ceramic antenna 100 is
F, the number of turns that metal wire 130 is set around the surface of ceramic rod 110 are N, and gold is determined according to formula N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f)
Belong to the winding number of turns N of line 130.
In step a, the diameter of ceramic rod 110 is preferably 14mm, and dielectric constant is preferably 10, in step c, metal wire 130 around
If the number of turns is less than 11 circles.
On the one hand, ceramic antenna 100 of the invention is simple in construction, compact, can be suitably used for small mobile terminals, meets
Miniaturization trend.Second aspect, the production technology of ceramic antenna 100, specifically, a, making ceramic rod 110, its is a diameter of
D, dielectric constant Er, b, two metal terminals 120 are made, two metal terminals 120 are connected to 110 liang of ceramic rod
End, c, metal wire 130 is chosen, the one end of metal wire 130 is first welded in a metal terminal 120, then by the winding of metal wire 130
In ceramic rod 110, the other end of metal wire 130 is welded in another metal terminal 120 after winding, it is determined that metal wire
During the 130 winding number of turns, directly it can be determined according to formula N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f) around how many circles, wherein, ceramic rod
110 length is L, a diameter of D of ceramic rod 110, dielectric constant Er, and light velocity c, the resonant frequency of ceramic antenna 100 is f,
The number of turns that metal wire 130 is set around the surface of ceramic rod 110 is N, simple production process, is easy to mass produce.The third aspect, pottery
The surface of porcelain rod 110 can winding multiply metal wire 130 simultaneously, according to different requirements, per share metal wire 130 is set it is different around
Coil number, to meet the requirement of the resonant frequency of distinct device, ensure that a ceramic antenna 100 can receive different frequency range simultaneously
Signal a so that ceramic antenna 100 can work as several uses, vdiverse in function, and can be suitably used under different resonant frequencies, be applicable
Scope is wide.
Metal terminal 120 includes internal iron core and is plated on the coating on iron core surface, and the both ends of metal wire 130 are welded respectively
Metal terminal 120 is connected to, first carrying out plating on iron core surface forms coating, is easy to the weldering of metal wire 130 and metal terminal 120
Connect, further simplify the production technology of ceramic antenna 100.
The length of ceramic rod 110 is preferably 14mm, and the dielectric constant of ceramic rod 110 is preferably 10, in the certain situation of length
Under, dielectric constant is larger, the small volume of ceramic rod 110, further reduces the volume of ceramic antenna 100.The winding circle of metal wire 130
Number is less than 11 circles, and the winding number of turns is too many, and production difficulty increases, therefore the circle metal wire 130 of winding 11 is upper on ceramic rod 110
Limit, further simplify the production technology of ceramic antenna 100.
In the present embodiment, the winding number of turns of metal wire is 10, the ceramic antenna is tested, test result such as Fig. 4.Figure
The reaction of middle curve is voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and wherein position corresponding to minimum point is the resonant frequency point of ceramic antenna, table
Show that ceramic antenna radiates best frequency.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the respectively structural representation of the ceramic antenna of embodiment two and test result figure.
In the present embodiment, the winding number of turns of metal wire is 5, the ceramic antenna is tested, test result such as Fig. 5.Figure
The reaction of middle curve is voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and wherein position corresponding to minimum point is the resonant frequency point of ceramic antenna, table
Show that ceramic antenna radiates best frequency.
Embodiment one and embodiment two illustrate, different use occasions, only need to be when needing to obtain different resonant frequencies
The metal wire 130 of the surface winding difference number of turns of ceramic rod 110, it is simple production process, easy to use.
Embodiment three:
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the respectively structural representation of embodiment three and test result figure.
In the present embodiment, the surface of ceramic rod 110 integration plating last layer silver, then according to required frequency, in ceramic rod
The pattern of 5 circle metal wires 130 is cut out on 110.Metal wire 130 is directly to be cut from the surface of ceramic rod 110 for being electroplate with silver coating
Cut out, be not required to coiling, follow-up debugging is convenient, reduce further difficulty of processing, simple production process.
Example IV:
As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, the respectively structural representation of example IV and test result figure.
In the present embodiment, the surface of ceramic rod 110 after plating is cut with two gangs of metal wire 130a and 130b, metal wire 130a
The number of turns be 3, i.e. 3 big circles of pitch in Fig. 8, the metal wire 130b number of turns is 4, i.e. 4 small circles of pitch, two money paid for shares category in Fig. 8
Line 130a is connected with 130b one end.The length that metal wire 130a and 130b correspond to ceramic rod 110 respectively is respectively L1 and L2, and
L1+L2=L, then corresponding number of turns N1 and respective frequencies f1 relation is N1* π * D+L1=2*c/ (Er*f1+f1), corresponding
Number of turns N2 and respective frequencies f2 relation are (N2+N1) * π * D+L2+L1=2*c/ (Er*f2+f2).
Two strands of patterns of metal wire 130 are directly to be cut out from the surface of ceramic rod 110 for being electroplate with silver coating, and two
Stock metal wire 130 one end is connected, and is not required to coiling, due to when needing to realize double frequency or multifrequency, it is necessary on the surface of ceramic rod 110
Around multi cord, the ceramic antenna so produced is difficult when carrying out antenna performance debugging, using directly cutting metal wire 130
Mode, follow-up debugging is simple, reduce further difficulty of processing, simple production process.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. ceramic antenna for mobile terminal, it is characterised in that:Metal end including ceramic rod, positioned at ceramic rod both ends Son, the metal wire for being set around ceramic rod surface;The length of the ceramic rod is L, a diameter of D of ceramic rod, dielectric constant Er, The light velocity is c, and ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and the number of turns that metal wire is set around ceramic rod surface is N, and N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f)。
- A kind of 2. ceramic antenna for mobile terminal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The ceramic rod surface Some strands of metal wires are arranged with, the relation that the number of turns N of per share metal wire is f with corresponding ceramic antenna resonant frequency is N* π * D+L =2*c/ (Er*f+f).
- A kind of 3. ceramic antenna for mobile terminal according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The metal end attached bag Include the iron core of inside and be plated on the coating on iron core surface, the both ends of metal wire are respectively welded in metal terminal.
- A kind of 4. ceramic antenna for mobile terminal according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Jie of the ceramic rod Electric constant is preferably 10, and the metal wire winding number of turns is less than 11 circles, and ceramic rod length is preferably 14mm.
- 5. the production technology of the ceramic antenna for mobile terminal, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps, a, make ceramic rod, Its a diameter of D, dielectric constant Er, b, two metal terminals are made, two metal terminals are connected to ceramic rod both ends, C, metal wire is set on ceramic rod surface.
- 6. according to the production technology of the ceramic antenna for mobile terminal described in claim 5, it is characterised in that:Step b In, metal terminal includes internal iron core and is plated on the coating on iron core surface, and the both ends of metal wire are respectively welded in metal end Son.
- 7. according to the production technology of the ceramic antenna for mobile terminal described in claim 6, it is characterised in that:Step c In, metal wire is taken, metal wire one end is first welded in a metal terminal, metal wire is then set around ceramic rod, winding is complete The metal wire other end is welded in another metal terminal after finishing.
- 8. according to the production technology of the ceramic antenna for mobile terminal described in claim 6, it is characterised in that:Step c In, ceramic rod surface after plating cut out needed for the number of turns metal wire pattern.
- 9. according to the production technology of the ceramic antenna for mobile terminal described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that:Step In rapid c, a diameter of D of ceramic rod, dielectric constant Er, light velocity c, ceramic antenna resonant frequency is f, and metal wire is set around pottery The number of turns on porcelain rod surface is N, and the winding number of turns N of metal wire is determined according to formula N* π * D+L=2*c/ (Er*f+f).
- 10. according to the production technology of the ceramic antenna for mobile terminal described in claim 9, it is characterised in that:Step a In, ceramic rod diameter is preferably 14mm, and dielectric constant is preferably 10, and in step c, the metal wire winding number of turns is less than 11 circles.
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Cited By (1)
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CN109119743A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-01 | 禾邦电子(苏州)有限公司 | Electric terminal with ceramic antenna |
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