CN1076574C - Improved low distortion low noise microphone - Google Patents
Improved low distortion low noise microphone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1076574C CN1076574C CN98100198A CN98100198A CN1076574C CN 1076574 C CN1076574 C CN 1076574C CN 98100198 A CN98100198 A CN 98100198A CN 98100198 A CN98100198 A CN 98100198A CN 1076574 C CN1076574 C CN 1076574C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pick
- low
- sound
- mentioned
- distortion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a low-distortion and low-noise microphone which is provided with a housing and a plurality of pickups arranged in the housing. The present invention is characterized in that the housing is provided with a sound through hole at the part only facing one direction within a limited range, and the pickups are arranged in the housing. Because sound sent out from a sound source enters the microphone only in one direction, and the phase difference of sound signals received by two pickups is 180 degrees or 0 degree; thus, the distortion of differential mode signals taken out from the two pickups is low, and the microphone can have low distortion and low environmental noise. Moreover, the low-distortion and low-noise microphone can realize fixed-distance reception, orienting and fixed-distance reception and positioning reception.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of low-distortion and low-noise microphone, particularly relate to a kind of low-distortion and low-noise microphone with a plurality of pick-ups.
At present, though existing pickup transmitter has various ways, performance is also different, but voice signal that various microphones send sound source and environmental noise signal be same to be received and not to have a selectivity, and just the way that installs the directional reception microphone cover additional by the receiving sensitivity that lowers microphone lowers environmental noise.Because the signal to noise ratio of the sound that actual environment noise and source of sound send is more or less the same, so the sound that often causes environmental noise to disturb source of sound to send.Taked for this reason, will carry out in recording studio such as recording, the phonetic entry of carrying out speech recognition of computer then can only be at ad hoc speech room or is very quietly carried out in the environment.Therefore, in daily life, press for a kind of low-distortion and low-noise microphone.
The existing microphone that can eliminate environmental noise, be that two pick-ups are settled back-to-back, sound wave is received by two pick-ups respectively by two opposite directions, utilize received voice signal phase place opposite, the employing adder circuit is cancelled each other this two-way common-mode signal and is obtained the low environment noise.But in fact two pick-ups phase difference of receiving the acoustical signal of same source of sound is not just to differ 180 degree or differ 0 degree, thereby, may cause the acoustical signal distortion.The inventor's No. 97115160.1 applications for a patent for invention disclose a kind of low-distortion and low-noise microphone, two pick-ups in same microphone cover, settling, employing possesses a microphone enclosure is arranged, be arranged at a plurality of pick-ups in the above-mentioned microphone enclosure, and the common-mode signal suppression circuit that is used to abate the noise, one or more sound wave that has within a limitation scope at the position facing one direction of shell passes through the hole, and be provided with a plurality of above-mentioned pick-ups in the enclosure with predetermined distance configuration, with above-mentioned each pick-up relative set delay circuit, thereby receive the acoustical signal that same sound source signal obtains according to above-mentioned each pick-up, output low noise signal.But in this invention 1. because the acoustic signals that enters the through hole from the sound of microphone cover arrive first pick-up and arrive second pick-up the path of process inequality, be that the whole sound that arrives the microphone receiving terminal earlier receives central authorities when arriving first pick-up, arrive whole pick-up receiving terminal surface soon, and be the central authorities that the edge that arrives pick-up earlier arrives pick-up then when arriving second pick-up, therefore two pick-ups time sequencing and strong and weak order of receiving acoustic signals is inequality.2. can produce vibration because of also receiving a certain amount of sound wave because of microphone enclosure and pick-up sleeve pipe, and the speed of their acoustic conductivity wave propagation velocities and air transmitted sound wave is inequality, therefore can produce the error in the time-delay.3. propagate in channel of acoustic wave because of acoustic signals and can produce a certain amount of decay, the acoustic signals that two pick-ups are received produces a certain amount of difference, this sound wave signal of telecommunication that two or more pick-up is received can cause smaller difference when carrying out the common-mode signal inhibition, produce certain distortion.Though pick-up that can be by selecting different received spectrums and different receiving gains for use, the material that the acoustic resistance coefficient ratio is bigger are made microphone and pick-up sleeve pipe and are solved by the signal processing compensating circuit, can strengthen cost and cause apparent change.
The present invention is exactly to have made invention in order to address the above problem, and the microphone that therefore the purpose of this invention is to provide No. 97115160.1 applications for a patent for invention of a kind of ratio is the low more microphone of low noise of low distortion more.For achieving the above object.
A kind of low-distortion and low-noise microphone of the present invention, possessing has a shell, is arranged at a plurality of pick-ups in the above-mentioned shell, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned shell has the only sound through hole within limitation scope facing one direction, and is provided with a plurality of above-mentioned pick-ups in the enclosure.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up series connection are fixed in the pick-up sleeve pipe, have sound wave near the above-mentioned casing wall the receiving terminal of above-mentioned pick-up and enter window.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups are fixing with the series connection of pick-up bearing respectively, and above-mentioned bearing has channel of acoustic wave.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up series connection are fixing in the enclosure.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st with the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards identical.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st and the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards on the contrary.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up parallel connections are fixed in the sleeve pipe of pick-up, have sound wave near the above-mentioned pick-up casing wall the receiving terminal of above-mentioned pick-up and enter window, and above-mentioned pick-up sleeve pipe is fixed in the shell.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up parallel connections are fixed in the shell.The receiving terminal centre that arrives above-mentioned pick-up from the sound through hole has channel of acoustic wave.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups are fixed in the shell by shockproof bearing parallel connection, and above-mentioned bearing has channel of acoustic wave.And above-mentioned shell only has through hole within limitation scope facing one direction.And the position of above-mentioned sound through hole is on shell position facing one direction, on the extended line of the connecting line of the intersection point of two pick-up axis extended lines arranged side by side and microphone cover protecgulum and this connecting line, and with the perpendicular line segment of this connecting line on.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st with the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards identical.And above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st and the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards on the contrary.And be provided with in the protecgulum of above-mentioned shell sound by the pipe, its minute tube opening be positioned at the top of pick-up receiving terminal.And from the sound through hole arrives the way of sound receiving terminal of each pick-up, channel of acoustic wave is arranged.And there is the microphone acoustic wave character to adjust structure.And sound-absorbing material layer is arranged.And having before first pick-up has retaining sound plate and all sound via openings before the sound insulation pad and first pick-up within a limitation scope.
Receive the microphone structure of the identical sound wave of acoustic signals owing to the invention provides a kind of two or more pick-up that makes by the path, in microphone, increase sound-absorbing material layer, in microphone, reach positions such as pick-up and pick-up sleeve pipe and lay sound insulation or sound-absorbing material layer, in the channel of acoustic wave of microphone or pick-up sleeve pipe, increase the microphone acoustic wave character and adjust structure, the acoustic signals that two pick-ups are received is consistent as far as possible, carrying out to reduce difference when common-mode signal suppresses, distortion is further reduced.
Fig. 1 is profile and an end view of representing the low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 1 respectively;
Fig. 2 is profile and an end view of representing the border noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 2 respectively;
Fig. 3 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 3;
Fig. 4 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 4;
Fig. 5 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 5;
Fig. 6 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 6;
Fig. 7 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 7;
Fig. 8 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 8;
Fig. 9 is the profile of the low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 9;
Below, with reference to each accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention is described in detail.Fig. 1 shows the profile of the low-distortion and low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 1.As seen from Figure 1, low-distortion and low-noise microphone of the present invention possesses: cylindrical shell 1, protecgulum 2, bonnet 3, pick-up sleeve pipe the 4, the 1st pick-up 5a, the 2nd pick-up 5b, the 3rd pick-up 5c,, sound insulation pad 13a, fixedly earthquake washer 8, back crash roll 9, sound-absorbing material layer 25, channel of acoustic wave audio frequency are adjusted projection 26, depression 27 and lead-out wire 10 for 13b, 13c.The shell of this microphone is assembled by cylindrical shell 1, protecgulum 2 and bonnet 3.The size of shell is by the diameter and the length decision of cylindrical shell 1.Shell is columnar, also can adopt the shell of other shapes.Only be provided with through hole on the position facing one direction of shell, protecgulum 2 central authorities of shell can be provided with a sound through hole 12b or be provided with through hole 12a a plurality of around it, so that the pick-up that sound wave can only be installed in a direction propagates into cylindrical shell 1.In the shell of this microphone, be provided with pick-up sleeve pipe 4 along cylindrical shell 1 axis direction.The sleeve pipe of circular or other shape that the metal that this pick-up sleeve pipe 4 can be an a kind of end opening, plastic or other material are made, inner tandem disposes a plurality of pick-ups, for example, is provided with the 1st pick-up 5a, the 2nd pick-up 5b and the 3rd pick-up 5c.For preventing echo, prevent self-excitation and lowering the various influencing factors such as influence of the conduction sound of microphone enclosure, pick-up sleeve pipe to the voice signal of pick-up reception.Different according to the material that microphone enclosure and parts such as pick-up sleeve pipe are selected for use, can whether lay sound-absorbing material 25 according to positions such as experiment decision microphone enclosure, pick-up and pick-up sleeve pipes, and position, thickness, size, shape, the frequency range of absorption sound wave and the character and the proterties of sound-absorbing material of laying sound-absorbing material 25.Can use different materials according to experiment with sound-absorbing material 25 and sound insulation pad 13 and earthquake washer integrator, also can use same material to make.For the sound frequency characteristic of adjusting microphone and the symmetrical mutually and unanimity of trying one's best of sound frequency characteristic that two or more pick-ups are received, in microphone, can there be the microphone acoustic wave character to adjust structure, can determine by experiment according to the pick-up characteristic difference of using whether shape and the position that the microphone acoustic wave character is adjusted structure and adjusted microphone enclosure and pick-up sleeve pipe and microphone internal structure is set, can be projection 26 or cave in 27 or other shape that is fit to.Also can be adjusted by the frequency response of adjusting pick-up receiving circuit in the circuit, perhaps the two combines and adjusts.
In this pick-up sleeve pipe 4 in front the front of first pick-up be added with and be sound insulation pad (this sound insulation pad can be a pick-up sleeve pipe protecgulum) 13c make sound wave arrive first pick-up on the pick-up sleeve pipe by voice window 6c, between three pick-ups that are provided with, be provided with window by sound, here, between the 1st pick-up 5a front, the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b and the 2nd pick-up 5b and the 3rd pick-up 5c, be respectively equipped with window 6c, 6a and 6b, the sound wave that imports into from a direction can be sent to respectively in each pick-up.The sound wave that sound through hole on the microphone cover is entered arrives pick-up by each window, and the strong and weak variation order of the sound wave that each pick-up is received is roughly the same).The front sound insulation pad 13c and the microphone cover protecgulum 2 of first pick-up can be integrated, this moment is window 6c as required.Can determine as required equally to keep or cancellation sound insulation pad 13c and window 6c.
And as shown in the figure, the sound of the 1st pick-up 5a, the 2nd pick-up 5b and the 3rd pick-up 5c receives end face all towards same direction,, all faces toward the direction of sound transmission here.In addition, the lead-in wire 10 that is connected to pick- up 5a, 5b and 5c passes bonnet 3 output signals, so that to the signal processing that abates the noise of output.Two pick-ups or the more pick-up that also can be provided with in this pick-up sleeve pipe 4.
In addition, where necessary, can install directed cover 11 additional, in order to the effect of strengthening receiving the directionality of sound and eliminating ambient noise in the front of protecgulum 2.The protecgulum 2 of shell has a sound through hole 12b or a plurality of through hole 12a.Certainly, also can adopt guard form or other form.Because sound wave has certain propagation velocity in air.Therefore the time that the sound wave that sends from different directions arrives each through hole has the regular hour poor, when having only the little sound through hole of opening diameter, because the distortion that the sonic transmissions time-delay causes is minimum, when being provided with a plurality of through holes, when each through hole is accepted sound wave that the source of sound of all directions sends, because sound wave transmission between between the sound through hole can cause time-delay, carry out to cause after the common mode inhibition distortion of acoustic signals, so whole sound through holes should be opened within a limitation scope that is subjected to the restriction of the microphone distortion factor, the sound through hole can according to designing requirement open on the shell only within limitation scope facing one direction, the number of concrete sound through hole, size, shape, position of offering and distribution or the like parameter can determine by experiment according to designing requirement.In order to prevent that better sound from importing into the pick-up from the pick-up back side, the back side of pick-up can be provided with sound insulation pad 13a, 13b.And, the distance that is installed in a plurality of pick-up arrival sound through holes in the pick-up sleeve pipe 4 of microphone of the present invention can not be identical, distance between them, with microphone to the distance of source of sound, the signal of the sound that sends of the source of sound that needs to receive and the sound of environmental noise is more relevant than the type of, pick-up etc.In general, source of sound is near more to the distance of microphone during use, and then required distance can be more little between two pick-ups; The sound that the source of sound that need to receive sends is bigger than more with the signal of the sound of environmental noise, and then the distance between two pick-ups also can be more little; Pick-up receives the more highly sensitive of sound, and then the distance between the pick-up can be leaned on more closely; And then, little as the background noise of common-mode signal suppression circuit, but also near point of the distance between two pick-ups then.Self-evident, in order to do the size of microphone forr a short time, should under the prerequisite of guaranteed performance, make the distance between pick-up as much as possible little.For example, establish if the distance of microphone of the present invention and source of sound less than 5cm, then the distance between two pick-ups gets final product about 4～20mm scope greatly.Also have, the distance between the pick-up is near more, and then common-mode signal is just big more and then difference mode signal is also low more, and corresponding environmental noise is also low.In contrast, environmental noise is also big, and in other words, the effect that reduces environmental noise reduces.The sound wave difference mode signal size that receives between the acoustic signals that receives by each pick-up relatively and two pick-ups can be obtained the distance between source of sound and the microphone, thereby can realize that set a distance receives.
The pick-up that receiving sensitivity is low, noise is high will use receiving sensitivity height, pick-up that noise is low in the microphone, because will make signal to noise ratio increase as far as possible.In same microphone of the present invention, use same type two or more pick-up as far as possible.
Fig. 2 is the profile and the end view of the low-distortion and low-noise microphone of expression embodiments of the invention 2.
As seen from Figure 2, low-distortion and low-noise microphone of the present invention possesses: cylindrical shell 1, protecgulum 2, bonnet 3, pick-up bearing 15 and 16, the 1st pick-up 5a, the 2nd pick-up 5b, the 3rd pick-up 5c, fixedly earthquake washer 8, crash roll 9 and lead-out wire 10, retaining sound plate 28.The microphone structure of present embodiment 2 is except replacing pick-up sleeve pipes 4 to support the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b with pick-up bearing 15,16 respectively, all identical with embodiment 1.The shell of this microphone is assembled by cylindrical shell 1, protecgulum 2 and bonnet 3.The size of shell is by the diameter and the length decision of cylindrical shell 1.Shell is columnar, also can adopt the shell of other shapes.The protecgulum 2 of shell can be provided with a sound through hole 12b or a plurality of through hole 12a, so that the pick-up that sound wave can only be installed in a direction propagates into cylindrical shell 1.Tandem disposes a plurality of pick-ups in this microphone, for example the 1st pick-up 5a, the 2nd pick-up 5b and the 3rd pick-up 5c.Install and fix ring 14 in protecgulum 2 one side appropriate locations, pick-up bearing 15a, position then are installed successively adjust packing ring 17, fixedly tongue 18a, pick-up bearing 15b, fixedly tongue 18b and fixing earthquake washer 8, the 1st pick-up 5a is installed in above-mentioned pick-up bearing 15a respectively again, the 2nd pick-up 5b is installed in pick-up bearing 15b and fixedly in the earthquake washer 8 the 3rd pick-up 5c is being installed.Also have, crash roll 9 fixedly is being installed between earthquake washer 8 and the bonnet 3 at the back side of the 3rd pick-up 5c.Fixedly earthquake washer 8 and crash roll 9 play on the one hand the 3rd pick-up 5c are fixed in the cylindrical shell 1, and prevent the effect of the bump vibrations that pick-up in use is subjected to, on the other hand, also have and prevent that sound from propagating into the effect of its inner set pick-up from 3 ones of bonnets.The material difference of selecting for use according to parts such as microphone enclosure, can whether lay sound-absorbing material 25 according to positions such as experiment decision microphone enclosure, pick-ups, and position, thickness, size, shape, the frequency range of absorption sound wave and the character and the proterties of sound-absorbing material of laying sound-absorbing material 25.And shown in Fig. 2 a, the sound of the 1st pick-up 5a, the 2nd pick-up 5b and the 3rd pick-up 5c receives end face all towards same direction, that is, and and facing to the direction of sound transmission.In addition, the lead-in wire 10 that is connected to pick- up 5a, 5b and 5c passes bonnet 3 output signals, so that to the signal processing that abates the noise of output.Two pick-ups or the more pick-up that also can be provided with in this microphone.
The structure of relevant pick-up bearing then, is described.This pick-up bearing 15,16 shown in Fig. 2 b, has: ring 22 and back-up block 23 in outer trembleuse cup pad 19, interior trembleuse cup pad 20, bearing outer shroud 21, the bearing.Outer trembleuse cup pad 19 is assemblied on cylindrical shell 1 inwall.The housing of pick-up then is assemblied in the interior trembleuse cup pad 20.Be provided with by one or more back-up block 23 between trembleuse cup pad 19 and the interior trembleuse cup pad 20 outside, connect and supporting bearing outer shroud 21 and the interior ring 22 of bearing.Space in this bearing outer shroud 21 and the bearing between the ring 22 is separated into the channel of acoustic wave 24 that one or more transmits sound wave by back-up block 23.Between first pick-up and sound through hole, retaining sound plate 28 is arranged, this retaining sound plate role is identical with the sound insulation pad 13c among the embodiment 1, have channel of acoustic wave 24c at the position corresponding to channel of acoustic wave 24a, the 24b of pick-up bearing 15,16, all the other positions do not allow sound to pass through yet.Thereby, the sound wave that transmits into by 2 through hole 12b of protecgulum or 12a, after channel of acoustic wave 24c by preceding pick-up retaining sound plate 28 arrives the 1st pick-up 5a, can pass channel of acoustic wave 24a and be sent to the 2nd pick-up 5b, pass channel of acoustic wave 24b again and pass to the 3rd pick-up 5c.Can be as required the front retaining sound plate 28 of first pick-up be integrated with microphone cover protecgulum 2, the front retaining sound plate 28 of first pick-up perhaps is not installed.
The several sections of pick-up bearing is according to using needs that multiple various combination can be arranged, but intermediate support block 23 and channel of acoustic wave 24 must be arranged in every kind of different combination, back-up block 23 is made by elastomeric material or other material, as: immobilization material of non-elastic material, fixedly pick-up use or the like.If it is good not need to carry out shockproof processing of pick-up or pick-up shockproof effect, and shell is good at sound through hole scope part soundproof effect in addition except the position of sound through hole, also can not use earthquake washer, crash roll and quakeproof bracket.As long as from the sound through hole arrives the way of sound receiving terminal of each pick-up, channel of acoustic wave is arranged, just can as required pick-up be fixed on the required in the enclosure fixing position by bonding or various fixed mechanisms.
The relation of the distance in the present embodiment 2 between each pick-up, source of sound and environmental noise similarly to Example 1, therefore, its explanation is omitted.
Fig. 3 shows the profile of the low-distortion and low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 3.As seen from Figure 3, with Fig. 1 a relatively its different be in: increased pick-up bearing 15a, and fixed, can or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe with pick-up bearing 15a when specifically implementing at the 1st this pick-up bearing 15a of pick-up 5a place and pick-up sleeve pipe 4.Cancelled a pick-up, be exactly, the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b only have been set in this picks up sleeve pipe 4; And the sound of the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b receives end face all towards the sound source direction of propagation, promptly towards bonnet 3 directions.Respectively offer some sound respectively near sound receives end face pick-up sleeve pipe 4 tube walls and enter the hole.
Fig. 4 shows the profile of the low-distortion and low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 4.As seen from Figure 4, with Fig. 1 a relatively its different be in: increased pick-up bearing 15a, and fixed, can or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe with pick-up bearing 15a when specifically implementing at the 1st this pick-up bearing 15a of pick-up 5a place and pick-up sleeve pipe 4.Cancelled a pick-up, be exactly, the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b only have been set in this picks up sleeve pipe 4; And the 1st pick-up 5a sound receiving terminal is facing Sounnd source direction, that is, towards protecgulum 2 directions, and the 2nd pick-up 5b is towards direction of sound propagation, that is, and and towards bonnet 3 directions.And offer some sound near pick-up sleeve pipe 4 tube walls sound receives end face and enter the hole.Briefly, face in the opposite direction with different being in of the embodiment 3 shown in Fig. 3 in the sound receiving terminal of the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b.
Fig. 5 shows the profile of the low-distortion and low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 5.As seen from Figure 5, with Fig. 1 a relatively its different be in: increased pick-up bearing 15a, and fixed, can or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe with pick-up bearing 15a when specifically implementing at the 1st this pick-up bearing 15a of pick-up 5a place and pick-up sleeve pipe 4.Cancelled a pick-up, be exactly, the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b only have been set in this picks up sleeve pipe 4; And the 1st pick-up 5a sound receiving terminal is facing the sound source direction of propagation, promptly, towards bonnet 3 directions, and the sound receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up 5b is facing Sounnd source direction, promptly, towards protecgulum 2 directions, be exactly that the sound of the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b receives that end face is relative to be put.And on pick-up sleeve pipe 4 tube walls, offer some sound and enter hole (window 6), this sound enters the hole should receive the end at the 1st pick-up sound, if at other position then later delay time should equal sound wave enters the time difference that the hole is sent to two pick-ups respectively from sound.Briefly, face in the opposite direction with different being in of the embodiment 3 shown in Fig. 3 in the sound receiving terminal of the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b.
Fig. 6～9 show the profile of the low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 6～9.The main difference point of the above embodiments 1～5 and present embodiment 6～9 is that the former a plurality of pick-ups are that tandem is one in front and one in back settled, and two pick-ups of the latter one in front and one in back dispose about being side by side.And the operation principle of the reduction environmental noise of microphone is identical.The profile of the low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 6, as shown in Figure 6: in the cylindrical shell 1 of this microphone pick-up sleeve pipe 4 is installed.Before and after in the pick-up sleeve pipe 4 two pick-ups are installed side by side, that is, and the 1st pick-up 5a and the 1st pick-up 5b.One end of the sealing of cylindrical shell 1 has lead-in wire 10, and the other end has protecgulum 2, is provided as the sound through hole 12b that common sound enters the hole on it.In addition, where necessary, can install directed cover 11 additional, in order to the effect of strengthening receiving the directionality of sound and eliminating ambient noise in the front of protecgulum 2.The position of sound through hole 12b is the position in shell limitation scope facing one direction only, can be on the extended line of the connecting line of the intersection point of two pick-up axis extended lines arranged side by side and microphone cover protecgulum and this connecting line, and with the position of the perpendicular line segment of this connecting line or connecting line extended line on, or on other position that needs, can be one or more hole.Because sound wave has certain propagation velocity in air.Therefore the time that the sound wave that sends from different directions arrives each through hole has the regular hour poor, when having only the little sound through hole of opening diameter, because the distortion that the sonic transmissions time-delay causes is minimum, when being provided with a plurality of through holes, when each through hole is accepted sound wave that the source of sound of all directions sends, because sound wave transmission between between the sound through hole can cause time-delay, carry out to cause after the common mode inhibition distortion of acoustic signals, so whole sound through holes should be distributed in one be subjected to the restriction of the microphone distortion factor within the limitation scope, the sound through hole can be opened only having within limitation scope facing one direction on the shell number of concrete through hole according to designing requirement, size, shape, position of offering and distribution or the like parameter can determine by experiment according to designing requirement.The 1st arranged side by side pick-up 5a and the sound receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up 5b be towards Sounnd source direction, that is, and and towards protecgulum 2 directions.
The sound through hole 12b of protecgulum 2 be arranged on cylindrical shell 1 protecgulum 2 on.Because entering the hole, this sound is positioned on the protecgulum 2, the the 1st and the 2nd pick- up 5a and 5b place before and after being again side by side, therefore this sound wave enters the hole and is equivalent to out a side at pick-up, after sound wave enters through hole when the diameter of pick-up is bigger, need a period of time from the side arrival opposite side of pick-up, so just be easy to generate the acoustic signals distortion that microphone receives, in order to address this problem, can on the inwall of the sound through hole 12 of microphone cover protecgulum, make a circle, the sonic transmissions pipe 16 of square or other shapes, opening 7 is set before the sonic transmissions pipe, and it can not see through sound wave with closely linking to each other at microphone enclosure sound through hole 12.For preventing that whether echo from can determine needs sonic transmissions pipe 16 and utilize dividing plate 29 that cavity before the pick-up is divided into two parts according to experiment.In addition, lead to being in charge of 16a and being in charge of and have suitable angle between the 16b of opening of each pick-up, make sound wave can by sound wave enter the place aheads, middle part that sonic transmissions pipe 16 arrives earlier each pick-up sound receiving terminal respectively then to around propagate.If certainly the diameter of microphone is smaller, when sound wave enters behind the through hole and can ignore from the time that a side of microphone arrives opposite side and needs, also can be without this sonic transmissions pipe 16.If also can being provided with a plurality of sonic transmissions pipes, a plurality of microphone arranged side by side is in charge of.When the sound through hole 12b of protecgulum 2 be arranged on shell protecgulum 2 near the position of the 1st pick-up 5a one side pick-up the time, as long as arrive from the sound through hole between two or more each pick-up of pick-up certain range difference arranged, the distance of placing side by side before and after just can correspondingly reducing between the 1st and the 2nd pick-up 5a and the 5b and increase distance each other between two pick-ups is up to two placed side by side or other placement locations that are fit to of pick-up.When the sound through hole 12 of protecgulum 2 be arranged on cylindrical shell 1 protecgulum 2 near the position of the 2nd pick-up 5b one side pick-up the time, can corresponding increase the 1st and the 2nd pick- up 5a and 5b between before and after the distance of placing side by side.The influence of the voice signal that pick-up is received for the conduction sound that prevents echo, prevent self-excitation and lower microphone enclosure, pick-up sleeve pipe etc.Different according to microphone enclosure with pick-up sleeve pipe the selection of material, can whether lay sound-absorbing material 25 according to positions such as experiment decision microphone enclosure, pick-up and pick-up sleeve pipes, absorb the frequency range of sound wave and position, thickness, size, the shape of laying sound-absorbing material 25, and the character and the proterties of sound-absorbing material.For the sound frequency characteristic of adjusting microphone and the symmetrical mutually and unanimity of trying one's best of sound frequency characteristic that two or more pick-ups are received, in microphone, can there be the microphone acoustic wave character to adjust structure, can determine by experiment according to the pick-up characteristic difference of using whether shape and the position that the microphone acoustic wave character is adjusted structure and adjusted microphone enclosure and pick-up sleeve pipe and microphone internal structure is set, can be projection 26 or cave in 27 or other shape that is fit to.Also can be adjusted by the frequency response of adjusting pick-up receiving circuit in the circuit, perhaps the two combines and adjusts.
The outside of the stiff end of pick-up sleeve pipe 4 is with fixedly that earthquake washer 8 is fixed in the shell, this fixedly earthquake washer 8 as the sound insulation of a pick-up of the least significant end that does not need sound wave to pass through and shockproof usefulness.Can be provided with at the 1st and the 2nd pick-up back side sound insulation pad 13a, 13b and.Fixedly earthquake washer 8 can be integral in conjunction with making with shockproof pad 9a and 9b.Pick-up bearing 15 is set in case of necessity can allows sound wave arrive the position that is installed on aftermost pick-up sound receiving terminal in the pick-up sleeve pipe, pick-up or pick-up sleeve pipe are fixed in the shell.Can be only during concrete enforcement with pick-up bearing 15a or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe, also can the two all use.Equally, if do not need to carry out the shockproof processing of pick-up or the pick-up shockproof effect is good and shell except the position of sound through hole, the part soundproof effect beyond sound through hole scope is good, also can not use earthquake washer, crash roll and quakeproof bracket.As long as from sound arrives the way of sound receiving terminal of each pick-up by the hole, channel of acoustic wave is arranged, just can as required pick-up sleeve pipe or pick-up be fixed on the required in the enclosure fixing position by bonding or various fixed mechanisms.
The 1st pick-up sound receiving terminal and the 2nd pick-up sound receiving terminal are all towards pick-up sleeve pipe protecgulum 2, the sound wave that source of sound sends enters cavity before the pick-up from the protecgulum hole 12b of microphone cover 1, perhaps by sonic transmissions pipe 16, sonic transmissions pipe connector leads to being in charge of 16a and being in charge of 16b of each pick-up.Cavity can be divided into the cavity that each pick-up uses separately by cutting off 29 before the above-mentioned pick-up.
The profile of the low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 7, as shown in Figure 7.Be with the main difference point of Fig. 6, the 1st pick-up 5a arranged side by side of present embodiment and the sound receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up 5b are towards opposite with the foregoing description 6, towards direction of sound propagation, promptly, towards bonnet 3 directions, therefore before the receiving terminal of the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b, separate and establish sound wave on sleeve pipe 4 tube walls at certain space place and enter hole 6a and 6b, so that can make sound wave arrive the receiving terminal of pick-up.The receiving terminal at the 1st and the 2nd pick- up 5a and 5b of the stiff end of pick-up sleeve pipe 4, the outside also is with fixedly earthquake washer 8, the pick-up back side also is provided with sound insulation pad 13a and 13b simultaneously, with be provided with sound insulation pad 13c at window 6a, 6b and the corresponding other end of pick- up 5a, 5b, can determine by experiment also whether this sound insulation pad 13c and placement location is set.Pick-up is fixed in the sleeve pipe 4.Pick-up sleeve pipe 4 outer being provided with can allow sound wave arrive pick-up bearing 15a, the 15b that is installed on the pick-up sound receiving terminal in the sleeve pipe.Can be only during concrete enforcement with pick-up bearing 15a, 15b or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe, also can the two all use.
The profile of the low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 8, as shown in Figure 8.Be with the main difference point of Fig. 6, the 1st pick-up 5a sound receiving terminal arranged side by side of present embodiment is towards towards Sounnd source direction, promptly, towards protecgulum 2 directions, and the 2nd pick-up 5b is towards direction of sound propagation, promptly, towards bonnet 3 directions, therefore on the tube wall of the sleeve pipe 4 of the 1st pick-up 5a receiving terminal, correspondingly be provided with and establish sound wave on sleeve pipe 4 tube walls that separate the certain space place before the receiving terminal of sound inlet port window 6a and the 2nd pick-up 5b and enter hole 6b, so that can make sound wave arrive the receiving terminal of pick-up.The receiving terminal at the 1st and the 2nd pick- up 5a and 5b of the stiff end of pick-up sleeve pipe 4, the outside also is with fixedly, and earthquake washer 8 and sound wave pass through bearing 15b, the back side of the 1 2nd pick- up 5a, 5b also is provided with sound insulation pad 13a and 13b simultaneously, with be provided with sound insulation pad 13c at window 6a, 6b and the corresponding other end of pick- up 5a, 5b, can determine by experiment also whether this sound insulation pad 13c and placement location is set.Pick-up is fixed in the sleeve pipe 4.Pick-up sleeve pipe 4 outer being provided with can allow sound wave arrive the pick-up bearing 15 that is installed on the pick-up sound receiving terminal in the sleeve pipe.Can be only during concrete enforcement with pick-up bearing 15a, 15b or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe, also can the two all use.
The profile of the low-distortion and low-noise microphone of embodiments of the invention 9, as shown in Figure 9.Be with the main difference point of Fig. 8, the 1st pick-up 5a sound receiving terminal arranged side by side of present embodiment is towards towards direction of sound propagation, promptly, towards bonnet 3 directions, and the 2nd pick-up 5b is towards Sounnd source direction, that is, and and towards protecgulum 2 directions, therefore separate before the receiving terminal of the 1st pick-up 5a and the 2nd pick-up 5b and establish sound wave on sleeve pipe 4 tube walls at certain space place and enter hole 6a and 6b, so that can make sound wave arrive the receiving terminal of pick-up.The receiving terminal at the 1st and the 2nd pick- up 5a and 5b of the stiff end of pick-up sleeve pipe 64, the outside also is with fixedly earthquake washer 8, the back side of the 1 2nd pick- up 5a, 5b also is provided with sound insulation pad 13a and 13b simultaneously, with be provided with sound insulation pad 13c at window 6a, 6b and the corresponding other end of pick- up 5a, 5b, can determine by experiment also whether this sound insulation pad 13c and placement location is set.Pick-up is fixed in the sleeve pipe 4.Pick-up sleeve pipe 4 outer being provided with can allow sound wave arrive the pick-up bearing 15a that is installed on the pick-up sound receiving terminal in the sleeve pipe.Can be only during concrete enforcement with pick-up bearing 15a or only use the pick-up sleeve pipe, also can the two all use.
Above, with reference to each accompanying drawing, describe most preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, still, should not think that the present invention only only limits to each above-mentioned embodiment.Those skilled in the art, inspiration by the various embodiments described above, be not difficult low-distortion and low-noise microphone of the present invention is made various improvement, change or replacement, therefore, these improvement, change or replacement, should not think to have broken away from design of the present invention, or appended claims book institute restricted portion.
Claims (29)
1, a kind of sound signal control switch for low-distortion and low-noise microphone, possess a shell is arranged, be arranged at a plurality of pick-ups in the above-mentioned shell, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned shell has the only sound through hole within limitation scope facing one direction, and be provided with a plurality of above-mentioned pick-ups in the enclosure, and the sound controling switch circuit of the low noise signal controlling exported from the output of common mode inhibition circuit of utilization and above-mentioned each pick-up relative set delay circuit with predetermined distance configuration.
2, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up series connection are fixed in the pick-up sleeve pipe, have sound wave near the above-mentioned casing wall the receiving terminal of above-mentioned pick-up and enter window.
3, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups are fixing with the series connection of pick-up bearing respectively, and above-mentioned bearing has channel of acoustic wave.
4, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up series connection are fixing in the enclosure.
According to claim 2 or 3 described low-distortion and low-noise microphones, it is characterized in that 5, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st with the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards identical.
According to claim 2 or 3 described low-distortion and low-noise microphones, it is characterized in that 6, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st and the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards on the contrary.
7, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up parallel connections are fixed in the sleeve pipe of pick-up, have sound wave near the above-mentioned pick-up casing wall the receiving terminal of above-mentioned pick-up and enter window, and above-mentioned pick-up sleeve pipe is fixed in the shell.
8, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-up parallel connections are fixed in the shell.The receiving terminal centre that arrives above-mentioned pick-up from the sound through hole has channel of acoustic wave.
9, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups are fixed in the shell by shockproof bearing parallel connection, and above-mentioned bearing has channel of acoustic wave.
10, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned shell only has through hole within limitation scope facing one direction.
11, arrive described low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, the position of described sound through hole is on shell position facing one direction, on the extended line of the connecting line of the intersection point of two pick-up axis extended lines arranged side by side and microphone cover protecgulum and this connecting line, and with the perpendicular line segment of this connecting line on.
According to claim 7 or 8 described low-distortion and low-noise microphones, it is characterized in that 12, above-mentioned a plurality of pick-ups have the 1st pick-up and the 2nd pick-up at least, the above-mentioned the 1st with the receiving terminal of the 2nd pick-up towards identical.
13, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, from the sound through hole arrives the way of sound receiving terminal of each pick-up channel of acoustic wave is arranged.
14, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, has the microphone acoustic wave character to adjust structure.
15, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, sound-absorbing material layer is arranged.
16, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the sound insulation pad is arranged before first pick-up
17, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, retaining sound plate is arranged before first pick-up
18, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned delay circuit, common mode inhibition circuit are to connect adder circuit by delay circuit to constitute.
19, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned delay circuit, common mode inhibition are to connect subtraction circuit by delay circuit to constitute.
20, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned delay circuit, common mode inhibition circuit are by connection, mould/number conversion circuit, central processing unit carry out digital delay, common mode inhibition computing and D/A switch circuit and constitute successively.
21, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 20 is characterized in that, above-mentioned delay circuit, common mode inhibition circuit are to be provided with preamplifying circuit before adder.
22, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 21 is characterized in that, above-mentioned delay circuit, common mode inhibition circuit are to be provided with preamplifying circuit before subtracter.
23, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 22, it is characterized in that above-mentioned delay circuit, common mode inhibition circuit were provided with preamplifying circuit and carry out digital common-mode signal suppression circuit before mould/number conversion circuit, central processing unit carry out digital delay, common mode inhibition computing and D/A switch circuit.
24, according to any one described low-distortion and low-noise microphone of claim 20 to 25, it is characterized in that above-mentioned delay circuit is low pass constant delay filter, equalization filter circuit, Qiu's delay circuit of equalization filter circuit, the low pass constant delay filter circuit with equalizer, bucket chain delay circuit (BBD) and charge-coupled device (CCD) now not.
25, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned sound controling switch circuit is to utilize the differential mode voice signal of common-mode signal output to control.
26, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned sound controling switch circuit is that the signal that draws after utilizing the voice signal of the differential mode voice signal of common-mode signal output and original microphone pickup to compare is controlled.
27, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned sound controling switch circuit is made of detecting circuit, comparator circuit, flip-flop circuit and switching circuit.
28, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1 is characterized in that, above-mentioned sound controling switch circuit is made of detecting circuit, control circuit and switching circuit.
29, low-distortion and low-noise microphone according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned sound controling switch circuit is to carry out digital delay, common mode inhibition computing, numerical control switch and D/A switch circuit and digital control switching circuit circuit constitutes by mould/number conversion circuit, central processing unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98100198A CN1076574C (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1998-02-10 | Improved low distortion low noise microphone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98100198A CN1076574C (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1998-02-10 | Improved low distortion low noise microphone |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1195208A CN1195208A (en) | 1998-10-07 |
| CN1076574C true CN1076574C (en) | 2001-12-19 |
Family
ID=5215862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98100198A Expired - Fee Related CN1076574C (en) | 1998-02-10 | 1998-02-10 | Improved low distortion low noise microphone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1076574C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8208656B2 (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2012-06-26 | Fortemedia, Inc. | Array microphone system including omni-directional microphones to receive sound in cone-shaped beam |
| CN102395066B (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2018-05-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of microphone apparatus of remote pickup |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2150691Y (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1993-12-22 | 李春林 | Composite microphone |
| CN2254609Y (en) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-05-21 | 辛晖 | Multifunction microphone |
| CN2273085Y (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-01-21 | 泉升金属工业有限公司 | Sound head of receiver with inlaid cover |
-
1998
- 1998-02-10 CN CN98100198A patent/CN1076574C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2150691Y (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1993-12-22 | 李春林 | Composite microphone |
| CN2254609Y (en) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-05-21 | 辛晖 | Multifunction microphone |
| CN2273085Y (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-01-21 | 泉升金属工业有限公司 | Sound head of receiver with inlaid cover |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1195208A (en) | 1998-10-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1902981A (en) | Audio system having reverberation reducing filter | |
| US20070019835A1 (en) | Wind noise suppression in directional microphones | |
| CN109600698A (en) | The audio reproduction that noise reduces | |
| CN1297321A (en) | Noise-reducing earpiece | |
| CN1842222B (en) | Multimedia speaker product | |
| CN101981945A (en) | Active noise control device | |
| CN1640185A (en) | Headphone | |
| CN101442695B (en) | Microphone system, sound input apparatus and method for manufacturing the same | |
| CN102870436A (en) | Diffracted sound reduction device, diffracted sound reduction method, and filter coefficient determination method | |
| CN1076574C (en) | Improved low distortion low noise microphone | |
| CN1140158C (en) | Loudspeakers comprising a phase uncorrelated diffuse sound source | |
| JP3204278B2 (en) | Microphone device | |
| WO1993022763A1 (en) | Noise control device | |
| EP1552719B1 (en) | Delay network microphones with harmonic nesting | |
| US20030138111A1 (en) | Noise-suppressing receiver | |
| US5822439A (en) | Noise control device | |
| US7856112B2 (en) | Desktop terminal foot and desktop system | |
| EP1123633A1 (en) | Method for sound reproduction and pillar loudspeaker | |
| CN2303418Y (en) | Low distortion and low noise mouth-piece | |
| JP2501715B2 (en) | Noise control device | |
| CN1193233A (en) | Sound signal control switch for low-distortion and low-noise microphone | |
| CN212115638U (en) | Sound noise reduction module and earphone | |
| CN219041926U (en) | Vibration reduction vibrator and sound box using same | |
| US11297411B2 (en) | Microphone units with multiple openings | |
| JPH0540485A (en) | Noise controller |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| AR01 | Abandonment of patent right to avoid double patenting |
According to article 9 of the patent law and article 13 of the detailed rules for the implementation of the patent law: 98100198 of the invention patents in this issue as a notice of authorization, and at the same time corresponding to the 97220840 utility model patent to be given up, and in the 17 volume of the 51 issue of the new type of communique on the patent right to abandon the announcement. |
|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |