This technology is applied to Geological Hazards Monitoring field, specifically a kind of mud-rock flow geology calamity based on remote sensing satellite image
Evil recognition methods.
Background technology
The influence of mud-stone flow disaster expands to the numerous areas such as city, industry, ecological environment by past agricultural.Mudflow
It is a kind of common geological disaster in loess plateau, it breaks out unexpected, breaks with tremendous force and rapid, destructive power is strong, to Loess Plateau Region
Industrial and agricultural production and people's lives cause serious harm.The mudflow of burst often rushes in village and cities and towns, damage house,
Factory, enterprises and institutions and various equipment and facility, people and animals and farmland are also buried, notably causes village to ruin people and dies.Face monitoring police
Forecast of the report i.e. in zero hour to a few hours, is according to Pluviogram hourly, force of rain information, dangerous omen, monitoring instrument system
Determine foundation, the mud-rock flow of cities and towns, industrial and mineral and traffic and transportation sector is faced calamity take refuge with succour it is significant.
Traditional mud-stone flow disaster investigation relies primarily on field reconnaissance completion.Because mud-rock flow takes place mostly in mountain area, ground
Shape landforms are sufficiently complex, the equal extreme of weather conditions, transportation condition, condition of work, life condition, and field investigation works not only
Be difficult to carry out, and to emit great life danger, cause mud-stone flow disaster situation at all can not comprehensively, fast investigation it is clear
Chu.
3S technologies are GPS geo-location system, RS remote sensing technologies, GIS GIS-Geographic Information System, be it is a kind of it is convenient, fast, into
This relatively low and effective identification, the mode judged.Vanguard satellite can provide global history remotely-sensed data in the world at present.Pass through
Comparison and analysis to Geological Hazards of debris area historical data, can be selection and the calamity of Geological Hazards of debris area administration way
Harmful development trend provides a large amount of true and reliable data.GIS technology has the interpretation analysis function powerful to remotely-sensed data, is
Geological Hazards of debris administers the effective platform provided with monitoring.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned the problems of the prior art, there is provided a kind of mud based on remote sensing satellite image
Rock glacier geological disaster recognition methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, according to historical disaster data and meteorological present situation, Primary Location is carried out to mud-stone flow disaster region;
Step 2, according to the disaster position of Primary Location, the satellite image data of position is obtained;
Step 3, Computer Automatic Recognition is carried out to the mud-rock flow generation area in satellite image, extracts the mud of automatic identification
Rock glacier region;
Step 4, according to the position in the mud-rock flow region of automatic identification, the dem data of position is obtained;
Step 5, satellite image, dem data are carried out image co-registration, and carries out image enhaucament, generation has elevation information
3D landform images;
Step 6, based on 3D landform images, artificial correction is carried out to the mud-rock flow region of automatic identification;
Step 7, according to revised mud-rock flow identification region, Geological Hazards of debris area image is drawn, and combine it
His data, judges possibility, scale and resolution that disaster further occurs.
Preferably, wherein, the step 1, according to historical disaster data and meteorological present situation, mud-stone flow disaster region is carried out
Primary Location, specifically include:According to data information, expert carries out preliminary prediction by experience hair region easy to mud-stone flow disaster
Positioning, or, technical staff carries GPS device and goes to Geological Hazards of debris Yi Fa areas or mud-rock flow disaster area, to disaster region
Carry out Primary Location.
Preferably, wherein, the step 2, the satellite image data of acquisition is the T M images for including 7 wave bands.
Preferably, wherein, the step 3, Computer Automatic Recognition is carried out to the mud-rock flow generation area in satellite image
Before, in addition to satellite image image preprocessing step is carried out, described image pretreatment includes:Geometric correction, multiband number
Word synthesis, image mosaic.
Preferably, wherein, the step 4, the dem data is earth surface model, have recorded region ground
Height value and topographic(al) feature.
Preferably, wherein, the step 7, other datas include:Meteorological data, hydrographic data, vegetation data,
Shape relief data, geologic data, mankind's activity data;Wherein, the meteorological data includes precipitation situation, and the hydrology factor includes ground
Table water and underground aqueous condition, vegetation data include vegetation bed course situation, and topography and geomorphology data include the gradient, absolute elevation, relative
The discrepancy in elevation, width, length of grade, slope aspect, geologic data include rift structure, formation lithology, and mankind's activity data include soil exploitation shape
Condition.
A kind of Geological Hazards of debris recognition methods based on remote sensing satellite image provided by the invention, it is by 3S technologies
GPS (global positioning system), RS (remote sensing), GIS (GIS-Geographic Information System) three combination, determine mud-rock flow generation area
Position, analysis, final scale, the extent of injury for realizing identification mud-rock flow, it is that a kind of convenient, fast, cost is relatively low and effective calamity
Evil identification and the mode judged.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, the description of reference implementation example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the method for the present invention is carried out
Further instruction.
For the comprehensive understanding present invention, numerous details are refer in the following detailed description.But art technology
Personnel are it should be understood that the present invention can realize without these details.In embodiment, known side is not described in detail
Method, process, component, in order to avoid unnecessarily make embodiment cumbersome.
Shown in Figure 1, the present invention of the invention provides a kind of Geological Hazards of debris based on remote sensing satellite image and known
Other method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, according to historical disaster data and meteorological present situation, Primary Location is carried out to mud-stone flow disaster region;
Step 2, according to the disaster position of Primary Location, the satellite image data of position is obtained;
Step 3, Computer Automatic Recognition is carried out to the mud-rock flow generation area in satellite image, extracts the mud of automatic identification
Rock glacier region;
Step 4, according to the position in the mud-rock flow region of automatic identification, the dem data of position is obtained;
Step 5, satellite image, dem data are carried out image co-registration, and carries out image enhaucament, generation has elevation information
3D landform images;
Step 6, based on 3D landform images, artificial correction is carried out to the mud-rock flow region of automatic identification;
Step 7, according to revised mud-rock flow identification region, Geological Hazards of debris area image is drawn, and combine it
His data, judges possibility, scale and resolution that disaster further occurs.
Preferably, wherein, the step 1, according to historical disaster data and meteorological present situation, mud-stone flow disaster region is carried out
Primary Location, specifically include:According to data information, expert carries out preliminary prediction by experience hair region easy to mud-stone flow disaster
Positioning, or, technical staff carries GPS device and goes to Geological Hazards of debris Yi Fa areas or mud-rock flow disaster area, to disaster region
Carry out Primary Location.
Preferably, wherein, the step 2, the satellite image data of acquisition is the T M images for including 7 wave bands.
Preferably, wherein, the step 3, Computer Automatic Recognition is carried out to the mud-rock flow generation area in satellite image
Before, in addition to satellite image image preprocessing step is carried out, described image pretreatment includes:Geometric correction, multiband number
Word synthesis, image mosaic.
Preferably, wherein, the step 4, the dem data is earth surface model, have recorded region ground
Height value and topographic(al) feature.
Preferably, wherein, the step 7, other datas include:Meteorological data, hydrographic data, vegetation data,
Shape relief data, geologic data, mankind's activity data;Wherein, the meteorological data includes precipitation situation, and the hydrology factor includes ground
Table water and underground aqueous condition, vegetation data include vegetation bed course situation, and topography and geomorphology data include the gradient, absolute elevation, relative
The discrepancy in elevation, width, length of grade, slope aspect, geologic data include rift structure, formation lithology, and mankind's activity data include soil exploitation shape
Condition.
Preferably, wherein, the step 3, Computer Automatic Recognition is carried out to the mud-rock flow generation area in satellite image,
The mud-rock flow region of automatic identification is extracted, is specifically included:
Step 3-1, atural object segmentation, the region being partitioned into where different atural objects are carried out in satellite image;
Step 3-2, the spectral signature of different zones after extraction atural object segmentation;
Step 3-3, establish mud-rock flow discrimination index;
Step 3-4, discrimination index is calculated according to the spectral signature of different zones, extraction is wherein more than the discrimination index of threshold value
The region at place;
Step 3-5, the result using the region extracted as debris flow region Computer Automatic Recognition.
Preferably, wherein, the step 6, based on 3D landform images, the mud-rock flow region of automatic identification is manually repaiied
Just, specifically include:
Step 6-1, according to geometric shape of the debris flow region on image, establish mud-rock flow manual identified geometric landmarks;
Geometric shape of the debris flow region on image is shown as:Include rear wall, gliding mass, leading edge, source area, Circulation Area, accumulation
Area;
Step 6-2, by distinguishing the color, tone, texture or the shade that have differences with periphery atural object the geometry that is formed
Morphological landmarks, the Computer Automatic Recognition result of debris flow region is modified.
Preferably, wherein, the step 3-3, mud-rock flow discrimination index is:
Wherein, LTMiThe brightness value of TM the i-th wave bands of image is represented, a represents correction value.
It can be seen that 3S technologies are GPS (global positioning system), RS (remote sensing), GIS (GIS-Geographic Information System) three by the present invention
Combination, mud-rock flow generation area is positioned, analyzed, final scale, the extent of injury for realizing identification mud-rock flow, is a kind of
Convenient, fast, cost is relatively low and effective disaster identification and the mode judged.
Here the preferred embodiments of the present invention are only illustrated, but its meaning is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, applicability and is matched somebody with somebody
Put.On the contrary, the detailed description to embodiment can be carried out those skilled in the art.It will be understood that without departing from appended power
In the case of the spirit and scope of the invention that sharp claim determines, some details can be made the appropriate changes and modifications.