CN107650395A - A kind of FD disappearances template material preparation method and its obtained disappearance template material - Google Patents
A kind of FD disappearances template material preparation method and its obtained disappearance template material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107650395A CN107650395A CN201710861208.6A CN201710861208A CN107650395A CN 107650395 A CN107650395 A CN 107650395A CN 201710861208 A CN201710861208 A CN 201710861208A CN 107650395 A CN107650395 A CN 107650395A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
- B29C69/02—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore of moulding techniques only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
- B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/04—Pattern plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0092—Drying moulded articles or half products, e.g. preforms, during or after moulding or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/60—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
- B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2043/5808—Measuring, controlling or regulating pressure or compressing force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2043/5816—Measuring, controlling or regulating temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2025/04—Polymers of styrene
- B29K2025/08—Copolymers of styrene, e.g. AS or SAN, i.e. acrylonitrile styrene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/757—Moulds, cores, dies
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of FD disappearances template material preparation method and its obtained disappearance template material.Selection, prefoam including bead, dry the processing steps such as curing, compression molding, cooling, the demoulding and sheet material drying, the present invention can solve the problem that G. Iron Castings casting after surface carbon black the defects of, and can effectively reduce gas forming amount avoids cast from regurgitating, prevent the made FD evaporative patterns apperance deformation produced, improve the adhesion strength between bead, ensure the abundant fusion of bead, improve the structural strength of casting, and reach and save material, cost, the effect of environmental protection are reduced, and the yield rate of casting is greatly improved；The synthesis production cost of casting is further reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting technology field, and in particular to a kind of FD disappearances template material preparation method and its obtained disappear
Template material is lost, is especially suitable for the preparation of the evaporative pattern full mold sheet material of grey ironware.
Background technology
Technology of EPC is to bond the foamed plastic model similar to casting dimension shape to be combined into model cluster, is brushed
After applying refractory coating and drying, vibration molding in drystone sand is embedded in, pours into a mould liquid metals under certain condition, model is gasified
And modal position is occupied, the method for casting needed for formation after solidification cooling.Compared with traditional foundry engieering, lost foam casting by
In using the foamed material easily to gasify at high temperature（EPS, EPMMA and FD and FD-FD）Make apperance, without core, without glutinous
The dry sand of knot, not mould assembling, modulus, and knockout is easy, so as to get casting surface smoothness it is high, size shape is accurate, nothing
Burr, substantially increase the product yield and production efficiency of casting, be a kind of liquid metal of Near net shape accurately into
The technology of type.It is considered as " the novel casting technology of 21st century ", " green revolution of foundary industry ".
In lost foam casting production technology, select suitable cast pattern directly affect produced casting quality it is good
It is bad.Due to EPS is cheap, gas forming amount is low, easily shape the advantages that, therefore, the model material one that most of casting factories use
As be all EPS to produce nodular iron casting, but this material is higher due to phosphorus content（Reach 92%）, and contain in molecular formula
There is the benzene ring structure of rich carbon, its thermodynamics is more stable, therefore is not easy to thermally decompose, and is higher than more than 900 DEG C in temperature, EPS is heated
Decompose generation tarry thick liquid, further decompose into carbon and hydrogen, be it is a kind of cracked in a manner of unordered fracture, therefore
Easily produce carbon black on casting when producing spheroidal graphite cast-iron, the defects of casting easy slag inclusion, casting quality is declined or even is scrapped.
And EPMMA is a kind of macromolecule of linear chain structure, cracked, used in a manner of pulling open rapidly when being thermally decomposed
EPMMA apperances are highly effective to solving the defects of carbon black on nodular iron casting surface, but EPMMA gas forming amount is approximately EPS's
1.5 times, easily cause and regurgitate in cast.
Therefore in order to solve the defects of carbon black on G. Iron Castings surface, reduce gas forming amount and avoid cast from regurgitating, prevent made
The evaporative pattern apperance deformation produced, improves the adhesion strength between bead, ensures the abundant fusion of bead, and the present invention proposes
A kind of FD disappearances template material preparation method and its obtained disappearance template material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of FD disappearances template material preparation method and its obtained disappearance template material, energy
Enough solve the defects of carbon black on surface after G. Iron Castings are cast, and can effectively reduce gas forming amount and avoid cast from regurgitating, prevent
The made FD evaporative patterns apperance deformation produced, improves the adhesion strength between bead, ensures the abundant fusion of bead, carry
The structural strength of high casting, so as to effectively solve this above-mentioned technical problem.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of preparation method of FD disappearances template material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection of bead：FD of the particle diameter between 0.9mm~1.25mm is selected as the original bead of apperance；
（2）Prefoam：Using pressure expansion, above-mentioned FD beads are added into batch (-type) pre-foaming machine and carry out prefoam, material issuing stove
Pressure is 0.013~0.018Mpa；Main steam pressure is 0.66~0.72Mpa, and steam regulation pressure is 0.7~0.8Mpa, is steamed
Vapour enters in pre-foaming machine through air accumulator, to accelerate the steam pre-foaming time, continuously stirs, makes pending through prefoam room agitator
The original beads of FD of bubble are in liquid or viscosity reaches mecystasis and can foamed, and pre-expansion time is that the FD beads per 28kg need
150~165s of prefoam；
（3）Dry curing：FD beads after prefoam are put and cured at normal temperatures, the curing time is 45~50h, by certainly
So curing make air penetration to inside FD beads to balance its external and internal pressure and cause FD beads stably；
（4）Compression molding：Air intake valve is first closed in pressing mold closing course, gas outlet is opened, charging valve is opened, will be through drying
FD beads after curing are sent into forming machine by air blower, the matched moulds after FD prefoaming beadings are full of in die cavity, then to die cavity
Be passed through the steam of 0.010~0.020Mpa pressure, between mould is preheating into 100~110 DEG C, drive away air between pellet and
The condensed water of residual, precompressed vacuum, forevacuum pressure are -0.35~-0.50MPa afterwards, close gas outlet, while into die wall
Cooling water pipeline water-filling, heating steam condense rapidly, and cavity pressure declines rapidly, makes the FD elastic particles heated and softened in die cavity
Rapid expansion is full of die cavity, carries out steam heating to make the FD prefoaming beadings of curing constantly be molded, it includes water vapour three times and added
Heat, I is respectively penetrated, penetrate II and penetrates III, it is 0.30Mpa, 22s to penetrate I pressure and time；Penetrate II pressure it is timely
Between be 0.35Mpa, 9~10s；It is 0.40~0.45Mpa, 5~9s to penetrate III pressure and time；
（5）Cooling：Cooling one is first carried out to the FD apperances after compression molding, when between apperance temperature is down to 74~79 DEG C,
Vacuum cooled is proceeded by, until the expansive force of apperance stops vacuum cooled when reaching 90KPa, the vacuum cooled time is between 570
Between~1210s, finally carry out FD apperances and carry out the time as air-cooled the two of 10s；
（6）The demoulding：Cavity pressure is down to 0 Mpa, molded, apperance sheet material is ejected by compressed gas and push rod；
（7）Sheet material is dried：FD apperances sheet material after the demoulding is sent into drying room and dried, drying time 12h, drying room temperature
Between 45~50 DEG C, drying removes baking room to storehouse after terminating, carry out outdoor air-dry and can be prepared by FD to be prepared
Evaporative pattern apperance.
Preferably, step（1）Described in the original bead FD of apperance density be 18kg/m3, and the FD beads are once
Multiplying power can be sent out as 75 times.
Preferably, step（2）Described in batch (-type) pre-foaming machine be SPJ1500 full-automatic intermittent pressure quantity prefoamings bubble
Machine.
Preferably, step（2）Prefoam process and step（4）Steam temperature is passed through during compression molding is
100℃。
Preferably, step（3）It is 48h to dry the curing time.
Preferably, step（4）It is that the rear mold of sheet material is heated that I is penetrated described in compression molding, and it is to plate to penetrate II
The preceding mould of material is heated, and it is that the up, down, left and right direction of sheet material is heated to penetrate III.
Preferably, step（4）Also need to carry out main heating, the master after III heating penetrate in the compression molding stage
Heating is heated to whole faces of sheet material, and the pressure of the main heating and time are 0.8Mpa, 2s.
Preferably, step（4）10~15s insulation is also carried out in the compression molding stage after III or main heating penetrate
Processing.
Preferably, step（5）The cooling one is air-cooled, and cool time is 80 seconds.
A kind of FD disappearances template material, the FD disappearances template material are made by the preparation method of above-mentioned FD disappearances template material
.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are,
（1）The evaporative pattern apperance of preparation of the present invention can effectively solve the problem that the defects of cast(ing) surface carbon black, casting easy slag inclusion, tool
Body is as follows：
A：FD phosphorus content is 80%, and EPS phosphorus content is 92%, and relative to EPS, the ratio of FD carbon declines, and then drops
The low incidence of the carbon defects of casting, surface carbon pickup defect and cigarette carbon phenomenon；
B：FD has good burning performance, and burning is complete substantially at 800 DEG C for its particle, compared to EPS, STMMA, FD residues of combustion
Thing is minimum, and FD materials carry out combustion experiment at 1000 DEG C, it is found that the residual rate of the FD after burning 1min only has 5.65%；
C：From fig. 4, it can be seen that at 600 DEG C, FD is lower than EPS and STMMA sheet material remnants rates, with the increasing of burning time
Add, FD burns faster, next to that EPS, is finally STMMA.STMMA changes unobvious with the increase of burning time, remaining rate.
From figure 5 it can be seen that temperature be 800 DEG C when, in burning time between 1-2min, FD flash fires, 3-4min it
Between, FD sheet materials burn completely substantially.From fig. 6, it can be seen that when temperature is 1000 DEG C, FD sheet materials have just burnt in 2min
, EPS sheet material has just burnt in 3min, and STMMA sheet materials have not burnt also in 4min.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are combined and seen
It can draw, in terms of the time, during middle low temperature, the remaining rate of three kinds of sheet materials is more or less the same in the short time.Can with reference to Fig. 4,5 and 6
To find out, with the rise of temperature and the increase of time, the residue of FD sheet materials declines rapidly, and remaining rate also declines.Higher
The burning of temperature and relatively long time, compared with EPS and STMMA, FD gasification, and combustions are more complete, and residue is few.This is main
It is because the organic bromine in FD produces hydrogen bromide under the high temperature conditions, it is anti-addition can occurs with carbon-carbon double bond and triple carbon-carbon bonds
Should, so as to greatly reduce carbon atom proportion, the generation of carbon black defect is further reduced, this is to reducing carbon black defect
Provide good solution method；
D：FD is by styrene（St）And methymethacrylate（MMA）It is synthesized into, St struc-tures contain benzene ring structure, because
This FD struc-ture also contains benzene ring structure, by the introducing of MMA structures, reduces phosphorus content, adds oxygen atom, makes FD more
It is readily burned fully, lowers carbon defects；
E：FD is by adding a small amount of methymethacrylate in the synthesis of styrene, to improve molecular weight.Simultaneously by having
The generation of carbon defects problem is reduced under the combined use of machine bromine and methyl methacrylate.One side organic bromine is in heated situation
Under, HBr and free radical can be produced, addition reaction can occur with-C=C- and-C ≡ C-, on the one hand, after addition reaction occurs, break
Original carbon-carbon double bond and three keys so that the ratio in whole molecule shared by carbon atom declines, and the carbon defects in casting are main
Because polymer is produced by the carbon-carbon double bond of thermosetting and the presence of triple carbon-carbon bonds, therefore can reduce to a certain extent
Carbonization, another aspect Br relative molecular mass are more than H, the modification expandability polyphenyl gone out in conjunction with methyl methacrylate polymerization
Ethylene copolymer particle, compared to current polystyrene foam, the ratio of its carbon is greatly reduced, and reduces containing for whole molecule
Carbon amounts, and then reduce the generation of carbon defects.
（2）The evaporative pattern apperance of preparation of the present invention can effectively reduce the phenomenon that gas forming amount avoids cast from regurgitating
Occur, it is specific as follows：FD particles are can be seen that from the profile of the EPS particles after prefoam, STMMA particles and FD particles
Section there is more micropore compared with EPS particles, there are more apertures compared with STMMA particles, therefore FD particles gas at high temperature
Change is most fast, most completely；And FD thermodynamic stability is more poor than EPS, gasify at high temperature more complete.
（3）The evaporative pattern apperance of preparation of the present invention can effectively improve the adhesion strength between bead, ensure bead
Abundant fusion, it is specific as follows：
A：FD（STMMA derivative）It is that the synthesis that a small amount of MMA is added to STMMA forms, so as to effectively raise point
Son amount, add the strength and stiffness of apperance；
B：The present invention is penetrated steam heating in the compression molding stage three times, and vapor pressure gradually increases, with steam
The raising of air pressure, makes adhered to one another between the bead after prefoam, and the degrees of fusion of sheet material is preferable.But if steam pressure mistake
Greatly, it can rapidly be bonded between the bead after prefoam, can so make the steam that enters inside sheet material very few, cause bead and pearl
Caking ability between grain is poor, and degrees of fusion reduces, and can cause plate surface burning or sticking to mould, and too high steam pressure
The shrinkage of apperance surface, i.e. apperance " overdone " can be caused, deteriorate surface smoothness, so as to the FD sheet deformations produced, entered
One step influences the processing characteristics and mechanical property of sheet material.And if steam pressure is too low, it can make between the bead after prefoam
Extruding force is smaller, and the degrees of fusion between bead is poor, and it is bad in turn result in the fusion of apperance, and apperance outward appearance can be caused normal and interior
Portion's clinkering is bad.
Therefore, when making FD sheet materials, only sufficient and suitable steam pressure, the temperature inside sheet material can be only achieved glass
Glass temperature（100℃）When, it is expanded once again integral with bond vitrified, turn into the foam system of definite shape through cooling and shaping
Product.It is that the rear mold of sheet material is heated wherein to penetrate I, and it is that the preceding mould of sheet material is heated to penetrate II, and it is to plate to penetrate III
The up, down, left and right direction of material is heated, and main heating is heated to whole faces of sheet material, and passes through 10-15s's
Soaking time makes the external form of sheet material more good-looking, by above step, FD beads is constantly molded, the receipts for the FD apperances made
Shrinkage is small, good stability of the dimension.
C：FD is by adding a small amount of methymethacrylate in the synthesis of styrene, to improve molecular weight, molecular weight
Increase, intermolecular active force also increases, intermolecular to be not easy to slide, so that the strength and stiffness of apperance are improved；
D:The size of FD beads change is depending on the temperature of heating steam and the time of heating, the lighter gradual constantly floating of density
Through discharging opening, the density of prefoam FD elastic particles can pass through the quantity of each throwing raw materials, the heat time of steam, FD pearls
The supply of height, steam pressure and steam that grain reaches in foaming machine is adjusted, and completes the prefoam of 28kg FD beads
The time needed is 150~160s.By adjusting the conditions such as heating-up temperature, the bead size for coming out prefoam is uniform, breaks grain
It is few, obtain required density 17-18kg/m3, the tensile strength of FD apperances is between 0.2116~0.3994Mpa, springform
Amount between 0.193~0.385Mpa, compressive strength between 0.2164~0.3850Mpa, bending strength 0.3291~
Between 0.4682Mpa, and from Fig. 7~Figure 10, the FD apperances sheet material prepared by the present invention is than EPS apperance sheet material each side
Mechanical property parameters are more or less the same, but FD cost is but cheaply many compared with EPS, are adapted to large-scale promotion to use, are advantageous to save
About cost.
(4) the FD apperances sheet material prepared by the present invention is maintaining necessary mechanical property and glued compared to EPS apperance sheet materials
On the basis of knot property, FD apperances sheet material can further reduce unit phosphorus content, be remained with reducing last carbon.Also section has been reached simultaneously
About raw material, reduce cost and more environmentally-friendly effect.And any surface finish rate of casting can be effectively improved；And cause casting
The yield rate of part greatly improves（Higher than 95%）；More importantly the cost of material of FD evaporative patterns is than STMMA disappearances template material more
Add cheaply, performance obtains a lifting largely compared with EPS disappearance template materials, is obtained so as to the synthesis production cost of casting
Reduced to further.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the size and configuration of surface figure of bead after EPS particle prefoam in the present invention（×30）；
Fig. 2 is the size and configuration of surface figure of bead after STMMA particle prefoam in the present invention（×30）；
Fig. 3 is the size and configuration of surface figure of bead after FD particle prefoam in the present invention（×30）；
Fig. 4 be at 600 DEG C the remaining rate of three kinds of material sheet materials of EPS, STMMA and the FD evaporative patterns of preparation of the present invention with
The graph of relation of burning time；
Fig. 5 be at 800 DEG C the remaining rate of three kinds of material sheet materials of EPS, STMMA and the FD evaporative patterns of preparation of the present invention with
The graph of relation of burning time；
Fig. 6 is the remaining rate of three kinds of material sheet materials of EPS, STMMA and the FD evaporative patterns of preparation of the present invention at 1000 DEG C
With the graph of relation of burning time；
Fig. 7 is that the tensile strength of the FD evaporative patterns and EPS evaporative patterns prepared by the present invention contrasts block diagram；
Fig. 8 is that the modulus of elasticity of the FD evaporative patterns and EPS evaporative patterns prepared by the present invention contrasts block diagram；
Fig. 9 is that the compressive strength of the FD evaporative patterns and EPS evaporative patterns prepared by the present invention contrasts block diagram；
Figure 10 is that the bending strength of the FD evaporative patterns and EPS evaporative patterns prepared by the present invention contrasts block diagram；
The processing sample quality of profile defect reference chart at Figure 11 FD evaporative pattern gray iron casting square shapes position；
The processing sample quality of profile defect reference chart at Figure 12 FD evaporative pattern gray iron casting cross position；
The processing sample quality of profile defect reference chart at Figure 13 FD evaporative pattern gray iron casting triangles position；
The processing sample quality of profile defect reference chart at Figure 14 FD evaporative pattern gray iron casting T-shaped position；
The processing sample quality of profile defect reference chart at Figure 15 FD evaporative pattern gray iron casting M shapes position.
Embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention, with reference to
The embodiment of step gating system, is expanded on further the present invention.And the control method be similarly applied to it is other each
In class difference running gate system.
FD is by styrene（St）And methymethacrylate（MMA）It is synthesized into, St struc-tures contain benzene ring structure,
Therefore FD struc-tures also contain benzene ring structure, by the introducing of MMA structures, reduce phosphorus content, add oxygen atom, make FD
It is abundant to be easier to burning, lowers carbon defects；FD is by adding a small amount of methymethacrylate in the synthesis of styrene, to carry
HMW.Pass through the generation of reduction carbon defects problem under the combined use of organic bromine and methyl methacrylate simultaneously.One side
Face organic bromine can produce HBr and free radical in the case of heated, addition reaction can occur with-C=C- and-C ≡ C-, on the one hand,
After generation addition reaction, break original carbon-carbon double bond and three keys so that the ratio in whole molecule shared by carbon atom declines, and
Carbon defects in casting are produced mainly due to polymer by the carbon-carbon double bond of thermosetting and the presence of triple carbon-carbon bonds, therefore can
Reduce carbonization to a certain extent, another aspect Br relative molecular mass is more than H, in conjunction with methyl methacrylate polymerization
The modification expandable polystyrene copolymerization particle gone out, compared to current polystyrene foam, the ratio of its carbon significantly under
Drop, the phosphorus content of whole molecule is reduced, and then reduce the generation of carbon defects.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of FD disappearances template material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection of bead：FD of the particle diameter between 0.9mm is selected as the original bead of apperance；
（2）Prefoam：Using pressure expansion, above-mentioned FD is added into SPJ1500 full-automatic intermittent pressure quantity prefoaming bubble machines
Bead carries out prefoam, and material issuing furnace pressure power is 0.013~0.018Mpa；Main steam pressure is 0.66~0.72Mpa, and steam is adjusted
Pressure is 0.7~0.8Mpa, is passed through steam temperature as 100 DEG C, steam enters in pre-foaming machine through air accumulator, to accelerate to steam
Vapour pre-expansion time, continuously stirred through prefoam room agitator, make that the original bead of FD to be foamed is in liquid or viscosity reaches
Mecystasis can foam, and pre-expansion time is that the FD beads per 28kg need 150~165s of prefoam；
（3）Dry curing：FD beads after prefoam are put and cured at normal temperatures, curing time 45h, by naturally ripe
Change make air penetration to inside FD beads to balance its external and internal pressure and cause FD beads stably；
（4）Compression molding：Air intake valve is first closed in pressing mold closing course, gas outlet is opened, charging valve is opened, will be through drying
FD beads after curing are sent into forming machine by air blower, the matched moulds after FD prefoaming beadings are full of in die cavity, then to die cavity
The steam of 0.010~0.020Mpa pressure is passed through, is passed through steam temperature as 100 DEG C；Mould is preheating to 100~110
Between DEG C, air between pellet and the condensed water of residual are driven away, afterwards precompressed vacuum, forevacuum pressure is -0.35~-
0.50MPa, gas outlet, while the cooling water pipeline water-filling into die wall are closed, heating steam condenses rapidly, under cavity pressure is rapid
Drop, expansion is full of die cavity to the FD elastic particles for making to heat and soften in die cavity rapidly, to make the FD prefoaming beadings of curing constantly be molded
Carry out steam heating, it includes steam heating three times, respectively penetrates I, penetrates II and penetrates III, penetrate I pressure it is timely
Between be 0.30Mpa, 22s；It is 0.35Mpa, 10s to penetrate II pressure and time；It is 0.42Mpa to penetrate III pressure and time,
9s；Described to penetrate I be that the rear mold of sheet material is heated, and it is that the preceding mould of sheet material is heated to penetrate II, and it is to plate to penetrate III
Heated in the up, down, left and right direction of material.
（5）Cooling：First carry out cooling one to the FD apperances after compression molding, the cooling one be cool time be 80S's
It is air-cooled, when between apperance temperature is down to 74~79 DEG C, vacuum cooled is proceeded by, until the expansive force of apperance reaches
Stop vacuum cooled during 90KPa, the vacuum cooled time between 570~1210s, finally carry out FD apperances and carry out the time be
Air-cooled the two of 10s；
（6）The demoulding：Cavity pressure is down to 0 Mpa, molded, apperance sheet material is ejected by compressed gas and push rod；
（7）Sheet material is dried：FD apperances sheet material after the demoulding is sent into drying room and dried, drying time 12h, drying room temperature
Between 45~50 DEG C, drying removes baking room to storehouse after terminating, carry out outdoor air-dry and can be prepared by FD to be prepared
Evaporative pattern apperance.
In the present embodiment, step（1）Described in the original bead FD of apperance density be 18kg/m3, and the FD beads
Can once send out multiplying power as 75 times.
A kind of FD disappearances template material, the FD disappearances template material are made by the preparation method of above-mentioned FD disappearances template material
.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of FD disappearances template material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection of bead：FD of the particle diameter between 1.25mm is selected as the original bead of apperance；
（2）Prefoam：Using pressure expansion, above-mentioned FD is added into SPJ1500 full-automatic intermittent pressure quantity prefoaming bubble machines
Bead carries out prefoam, and material issuing furnace pressure power is 0.013~0.018Mpa；Main steam pressure is 0.66~0.72Mpa, and steam is adjusted
Pressure is 0.7~0.8Mpa, is passed through steam temperature as 100 DEG C；Steam enters in pre-foaming machine through air accumulator, to accelerate to steam
Vapour pre-expansion time, continuously stirred through prefoam room agitator, make that the original bead of FD to be foamed is in liquid or viscosity reaches
Mecystasis can foam, and pre-expansion time is that the FD beads per 28kg need 150~165s of prefoam；
（3）Dry curing：FD beads after prefoam are put and cured at normal temperatures, curing time 50h, by naturally ripe
Change make air penetration to inside FD beads to balance its external and internal pressure and cause FD beads stably；
（4）Compression molding：Air intake valve is first closed in pressing mold closing course, gas outlet is opened, charging valve is opened, will be through drying
FD beads after curing are sent into forming machine by air blower, the matched moulds after FD prefoaming beadings are full of in die cavity, then to die cavity
The steam of 0.010~0.020Mpa pressure is passed through, steam temperature is passed through as 100 DEG C, mould is preheating to 100~110
Between DEG C, air between pellet and the condensed water of residual are driven away, afterwards precompressed vacuum, forevacuum pressure is -0.35~-
0.50MPa, gas outlet, while the cooling water pipeline water-filling into die wall are closed, heating steam condenses rapidly, under cavity pressure is rapid
Drop, expansion is full of die cavity to the FD elastic particles for making to heat and soften in die cavity rapidly, to make the FD prefoaming beadings of curing constantly be molded
Carry out steam heating, it includes steam heating three times, respectively penetrates I, penetrates II and penetrates III, penetrate I pressure it is timely
Between be 0.30Mpa, 22s；It is 0.35Mpa, 9s to penetrate II pressure and time；It is 0.45Mpa to penetrate III pressure and time,
6s；Described to penetrate I be that the rear mold of sheet material is heated, and it is that the preceding mould of sheet material is heated to penetrate II, and it is to plate to penetrate III
Heated in the up, down, left and right direction of material.Then also need to carry out main heating, the main heating is entered to whole faces of sheet material
Row heating, the pressure of the main heating and time are 0.8Mpa, 2s.
（5）Cooling：First carry out cooling one to the FD apperances after compression molding, the cooling one be cool time be 80S's
It is air-cooled, when between apperance temperature is down to 74~79 DEG C, vacuum cooled is proceeded by, until the expansive force of apperance reaches
Stop vacuum cooled during 90KPa, the vacuum cooled time between 570~1210s, finally carry out FD apperances and carry out the time be
Air-cooled the two of 10s；
（6）The demoulding：Cavity pressure is down to 0 Mpa, molded, apperance sheet material is ejected by compressed gas and push rod；
（7）Sheet material is dried：FD apperances sheet material after the demoulding is sent into drying room and dried, drying time 12h, drying room temperature
Between 45~50 DEG C, drying removes baking room to storehouse after terminating, carry out outdoor air-dry and can be prepared by FD to be prepared
Evaporative pattern apperance.
In the present embodiment, step（1）Described in the original bead FD of apperance density be 18kg/m3, and the FD beads
Can once send out multiplying power as 75 times.
A kind of FD disappearances template material, the FD disappearances template material are made by the preparation method of above-mentioned FD disappearances template material
.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of FD disappearances template material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection of bead：FD of the particle diameter between 1.0mm is selected as the original bead of apperance；
（2）Prefoam：Using pressure expansion, above-mentioned FD is added into SPJ1500 full-automatic intermittent pressure quantity prefoaming bubble machines
Bead carries out prefoam, and material issuing furnace pressure power is 0.013~0.018Mpa；Main steam pressure is 0.66~0.72Mpa, and steam is adjusted
Pressure is 0.7~0.8Mpa, is passed through steam temperature as 100 DEG C；Steam enters in pre-foaming machine through air accumulator, to accelerate to steam
Vapour pre-expansion time, continuously stirred through prefoam room agitator, make that the original bead of FD to be foamed is in liquid or viscosity reaches
Mecystasis can foam, and pre-expansion time is that the FD beads per 28kg need 150~165s of prefoam；From EPS particles, STMMA
Profile after particle and FD particle prefoam, the section of FD particles has more micropore compared with EPS particles, compared with STMMA particles
With more apertures, therefore FD particles gasify most soon, most completely at high temperature；That is Fig. 1, Fig. 3.As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3
The section of FD particles is compared with the section of STMMA particles, more apertures, at high temperature combustion gasification faster, more completely.
（3）Dry curing：FD beads after prefoam are put and cured at normal temperatures, curing time 48h, by certainly
So curing make air penetration to inside FD beads to balance its external and internal pressure and cause FD beads stably；Bead after prefoam
In inner pressure relief state, and surface of beads has water membrane, so, it is necessary to be dried and cure before pattern molding so that
Bead becomes flexible.
（4）Compression molding：Air intake valve is first closed in pressing mold closing course, opens gas outlet, charging valve is opened, will be through
Dry the FD beads after curing to be sent into forming machine by air blower, the matched moulds after FD prefoaming beadings are full of in die cavity, Ran Houxiang
Die cavity is passed through the steam of 0.010~0.020Mpa pressure, is passed through steam temperature as 100 DEG C, mould is preheating to 100~
Between 110 DEG C, air between pellet and the condensed water of residual are driven away, afterwards precompressed vacuum, forevacuum pressure is -0.35~-
0.50MPa, gas outlet, while the cooling water pipeline water-filling into die wall are closed, heating steam condenses rapidly, under cavity pressure is rapid
Drop, expansion is full of die cavity to the FD elastic particles for making to heat and soften in die cavity rapidly, to make the FD prefoaming beadings of curing constantly be molded
Carry out steam heating, it includes steam heating three times, respectively penetrates I, penetrates II and penetrates III, penetrate I pressure it is timely
Between be 0.30Mpa, 22s；It is 0.35Mpa, 9s to penetrate II pressure and time；It is 0.40Mpa to penetrate III pressure and time,
5s；Described to penetrate I be that the rear mold of sheet material is heated, and it is that the preceding mould of sheet material is heated to penetrate II, and it is to plate to penetrate III
Heated in the up, down, left and right direction of material.Then also need to carry out main heating, the main heating is entered to whole faces of sheet material
Row heating, the pressure of the main heating and time are 0.8Mpa, 2s；10~15s isothermal holding is finally carried out, makes the outer of sheet material
Type is more good-looking.Penetrated steam heating three times in the compression molding stage, and vapor pressure gradually increases, with vapor pressure
Raising, make adhered to one another between the bead after prefoam, the degrees of fusion of sheet material is preferable.But if steam pressure is excessive, in advance
Can rapidly be bonded between bead after foaming, can so make the steam that enters inside sheet material very few, cause bead and bead it
Between caking ability it is poor, degrees of fusion reduces, and can cause plate surface burning or sticking to mould, and too high steam pressure can draw
The shrinkage of apperance surface, i.e. apperance " overdone " are played, deteriorates surface smoothness, so that the FD sheet deformations produced, further
Influence the processing characteristics and mechanical property of sheet material.And if steam pressure is too low, the extruding between the bead after prefoam can be made
Power is smaller, and the degrees of fusion between bead is poor, and it is bad in turn result in the fusion of apperance, and apperance outward appearance can be caused normal and internal molten
Tie bad.
Therefore, when making FD sheet materials, only sufficient and suitable steam pressure, the temperature inside sheet material can be only achieved glass
Glass temperature（100℃）When, it is expanded once again integral with bond vitrified, turn into the foam system of definite shape through cooling and shaping
Product.It is that the rear mold of sheet material is heated wherein to penetrate I, and it is that the preceding mould of sheet material is heated to penetrate II, and it is to plate to penetrate III
The up, down, left and right direction of material is heated, and main heating is heated to whole faces of sheet material, and passes through 10-15s's
Soaking time makes the external form of sheet material more good-looking, by above step, FD beads is constantly molded, the receipts for the FD apperances made
Shrinkage is small, good stability of the dimension.
（5）Cooling：First carry out cooling one to the FD apperances after compression molding, the cooling one be cool time be 80S's
It is air-cooled, when between apperance temperature is down to 74~79 DEG C, vacuum cooled is proceeded by, until the expansive force of apperance reaches
Stop vacuum cooled during 90KPa, the vacuum cooled time between 570~1210s, finally carry out FD apperances and carry out the time be
Air-cooled the two of 10s；Cooling will uniformly fully, and white calligraphy or painting model body heat conduction is bad, it may appear that top layer cools down, the very high feelings of in-core temperature
Condition.At this moment top layer has been cured sizing, and internal heat unofficial biography can make surface heat up, and plus internal expansion power, causes white moding shape
Or destroy.Therefore FD needs cool time longer, especially for the apperance that wall thickness is larger, to use repeatedly cooling to control sometimes
Make and possible foam three times.
（6）The demoulding：Cavity pressure is down to 0 Mpa, molded, apperance sheet material is ejected by compressed gas and push rod, prevented because just
It is internal after the white mould cooling of shaping to be in decompression state, it is softer, therefore stripping means should be noted that and prevent from deforming；
（7）Sheet material is dried：FD apperances sheet material after the demoulding is sent into drying room and dried, drying time 12h, drying room temperature
Between 45~50 DEG C, drying removes baking room to storehouse after terminating, carry out outdoor air-dry and can be prepared by FD to be prepared
Evaporative pattern apperance, contain compared with juicy in the white mould being just stripped, it is necessary to dry, Bai Mozhong moisture is dropped to less than 1%, typically
First spontaneously dry and reuse drying room drying, the phenomenon for avoiding temperature too high and causing rate of drying to be easily deformed soon very much occurs.
In the present embodiment, step（1）Described in the original bead FD of apperance density be 18kg/m3, and the FD beads
Can once send out multiplying power as 75 times.
A kind of FD disappearances template material, the FD disappearances template material are made by the preparation method of above-mentioned FD disappearances template material
.
Gas forming amount of the FD disappearances template material under 900 DEG C of burning conditions prepared by the present invention is 650ml/g, and apperance is divided
Solution residue is seldom, and bead is uniform, and apperance uniformity is good.Pattern shrinking rate is 0.2~0.4%.And using prepared by the present invention
FD evaporative patterns prepared by casting casting yield rate be more than 93%.
In summary, the FD apperances sheet material prepared by the present invention is maintaining the basis of necessary mechanical property and caking property
On, mould density is further reduced, from unit phosphorus content is further reduced now, is remained with reducing last carbon.Also reach simultaneously
Save material, reduce cost and more environmentally-friendly effect.And any surface finish rate of casting can be effectively improved；And make
The yield rate for obtaining casting greatly improves（Higher than 95%）；Further reduced so as to the synthesis production cost of casting.
From Figure 11-15, by being machined out to gray iron casting, rower is entered to the cinder hole position on gray iron casting surface
Note and tracking, find as the increase of working depth, cinder hole is successively reduced, the either working position of which kind of shape, for example be
Square shape, cross, triangle, T-shaped and M shapes, working depth be 11mm or so without cinder hole, its mesospore is thin to be in 7-
Just without cinder hole at 8mm.And the gray iron ironcasting prepared in the prior art for gray iron cast iron evaporative pattern apperance, it is being processed
Depth still has the presence of cinder hole carbon black residue when being 17 ~ 19mm；Meanwhile using the casting prepared by present patent application in processing
The residue defect of depth bottom surface is all greatly reduced on distribution local and the order of severity, using the evaporative pattern prepared by the present invention
The qualification rate for processing the finished product being made obtains the raising of high degree.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, above-described embodiment and explanation
Merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in book, under the premise without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention can also
There are various changes and modifications, these changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.Claimed model
Enclose by appended claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of FD disappearances template material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）The selection of bead：FD of the particle diameter between 0.9mm~1.25mm is selected as the original bead of apperance；
（2）Prefoam：Using pressure expansion, above-mentioned FD beads are added into batch (-type) pre-foaming machine and carry out prefoam, material issuing stove
Pressure is 0.013~0.018Mpa；Main steam pressure is 0.66~0.72Mpa, and steam regulation pressure is 0.7~0.8Mpa, is steamed
Vapour enters in pre-foaming machine through air accumulator, to accelerate the steam pre-foaming time, continuously stirs, makes pending through prefoam room agitator
The original beads of FD of bubble are in liquid or viscosity reaches mecystasis and can foamed, and pre-expansion time is that the FD beads per 28kg need
150~165s of prefoam；
（3）Dry curing：FD beads after prefoam are put and cured at normal temperatures, the curing time is 45~50h, by certainly
So curing make air penetration to inside FD beads to balance its external and internal pressure and cause FD beads stably；
（4）Compression molding：Air intake valve is first closed in pressing mold closing course, gas outlet is opened, charging valve is opened, will be through drying
FD beads after curing are sent into forming machine by air blower, the matched moulds after FD prefoaming beadings are full of in die cavity, then to die cavity
Be passed through the steam of 0.010~0.020Mpa pressure, between mould is preheating into 100~110 DEG C, drive away air between pellet and
The condensed water of residual, precompressed vacuum, forevacuum pressure are -0.35~-0.50MPa afterwards, close gas outlet, while into die wall
Cooling water pipeline water-filling, heating steam condense rapidly, and cavity pressure declines rapidly, makes the FD elastic particles heated and softened in die cavity
Rapid expansion is full of die cavity, carries out steam heating to make the FD prefoaming beadings of curing constantly be molded, it includes water vapour three times and added
Heat, I is respectively penetrated, penetrate II and penetrates III, it is 0.30Mpa, 22s to penetrate I pressure and time；Penetrate II pressure it is timely
Between be 0.35Mpa, 9~10s；It is 0.40~0.45Mpa, 5~9s to penetrate III pressure and time；
（5）Cooling：Cooling one is first carried out to the FD apperances after compression molding, when between apperance temperature is down to 74~79 DEG C,
Vacuum cooled is proceeded by, until the expansive force of apperance stops vacuum cooled when reaching 90KPa, the vacuum cooled time is between 570
Between~1210s, finally carry out FD apperances and carry out the time as air-cooled the two of 10s；
（6）The demoulding：Cavity pressure is down to 0 Mpa, molded, apperance sheet material is ejected by compressed gas and push rod；
（7）Sheet material is dried：FD apperances sheet material after the demoulding is sent into drying room and dried, drying time 12h, drying room temperature
Between 45~50 DEG C, drying removes baking room to storehouse after terminating, carry out outdoor air-dry and can be prepared by FD to be prepared
Evaporative pattern apperance.
A kind of 2. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）Described in
The original bead FD of apperance density is 18kg/m3, and the multiplying power that can once send out of the FD beads is 75 times.
A kind of 3. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Described in
Batch (-type) pre-foaming machine is that SPJ1500 full-automatic intermittent pressure quantity prefoamings steep machine.
A kind of 4. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）Prefoam
Process and step（4）It is 100 DEG C that steam temperature is passed through during compression molding.
A kind of 5. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Drying is ripe
The change time is 48h.
A kind of 6. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）It is molded into
It is that the rear mold of sheet material is heated that I is penetrated described in type, and it is that the preceding mould of sheet material is heated to penetrate II, and it is to plate to penetrate III
Heated in the up, down, left and right direction of material.
A kind of 7. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）It is molded into
Also need after III heating penetrate to carry out main heating in the type stage, the main heating is added to whole faces of sheet material
Heat, the pressure of the main heating and time are 0.8Mpa, 2s.
A kind of 8. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that step（4）Molding
10~15s isothermal holding is also carried out in formative stage after III or main heating penetrate.
A kind of 9. preparation method of FD disappearances template material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）It is described cold
But one is air-cooled, and cool time is 80 seconds.
10. a kind of FD disappearances template material, it is characterised in that the FD disappearances template material is by any one of the claims 1-9
Obtained by the preparation method of described FD disappearance template materials.
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| CN112605337A (en) * | 2020-11-15 | 2021-04-06 | 浙大城市学院 | Forming method of tensile sample EPS foam model |
| CN112936706A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 芜湖冠锋模具塑料有限公司 | Lost foam plate production process using STMMA material |
| CN114082885A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 常州钜苓铸造有限公司 | Forming machine process special for vertical lost foam |
| CN114082884A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-25 | 浙江凯斯特新材料有限公司 | Production process of lost foam casting plate |
| CN114407382A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-29 | 芜湖冠锋模具塑料有限公司 | Full mold casting plane plate lost foam and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180202 |