CN107643437B - Complex ratio current transformer for on-line intelligent conversion - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及电能计量装置中的复合变比电流互感器——复比电流互感器,具体为在线智能转换的复比电流互感器。解决现有的复比电流互感器不能在线自动转换的问题。该在线智能转换的复比电流互感器,包括复比电流互感器本体CT、采样电流互感器CT1、RMS处理电路模块、A/D转换模块、带有输入端口的MCU微处理器,控制继电器JK、保护继电器JB、大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2、大变比断电延时继电器J1。本发明可实现变比的在线自动切换,并具有防止二次开路的保护措施;结构设计合理、独特,解决了现有的复比电流互感器不能在线自动转换的问题,可有效避免设备损坏和人身伤害事故。本发明适用于电能计量装置。
The invention relates to a complex ratio current transformer in an electric energy metering device, a complex ratio current transformer, in particular to an on-line intelligent conversion complex ratio current transformer. The problem that the existing complex-ratio current transformer cannot be automatically converted online is solved. The complex ratio current transformer for online intelligent conversion includes the complex ratio current transformer body CT, the sampling current transformer CT1, the RMS processing circuit module, the A/D conversion module, the MCU microprocessor with the input port, and the control relay JK , Protection relay JB, size ratio shared power-off delay relay J2, large ratio power-off delay relay J1. The invention can realize on-line automatic switching of variable ratio, and has protection measures to prevent secondary open circuit; the structure design is reasonable and unique, solves the problem that the existing complex ratio current transformer cannot be automatically switched on-line, and can effectively avoid equipment damage and Personal injury accident. The present invention is suitable for electric energy metering device.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电能计量装置中的复合变比电流互感器——复比电流互感器,具体为在线智能转换的复比电流互感器。The invention relates to a complex ratio current transformer in an electric energy metering device, a complex ratio current transformer, in particular to an on-line intelligent conversion complex ratio current transformer.
背景技术Background technique
目前电能计量装置线路只针对额定负荷用电设计一种单变比或者两倍双变比的电流互感器,现场一次性只选择装好一种变比电流互感器,通电以后严禁更换变比,因为二次开路对电网有很大的危险。需要更换电流互感器变比必须断电,人工二次短接跳线更换变比非常危险,安规是不允许的。电能计量用电流互感器都采用S级的,一般设计运行在其变比额定电流的 20%~120%的范围内,按中华人民共和国计量检定规程《JJG313-2010 测量用电流互感器》和《JJG1021-2007 电力互感器》,这个范围S级电流互感器的误差限值呈线性平稳,当超出额定电流20%~120%的范围时,电流互感器变比误差会增大。有时候电流超出额定电流的几倍到百倍,如风(水)电的发电和用电、或供热采暖期和非采暖期、或周期性开工的企业季节性用电负荷变化非常大,通常变比量限变化5倍到100倍之间,远超普通电流互感器的可计量范围,导致在低负荷或者超负荷时的漏计量和能源浪费。增加两套计量系统需要增加用地空间和计量设备,另外外置变比转换控制器线路中间有接点,有导致窃电可能性,会增加铅封难度,也增加了故障点和运维成本,且不符合现行国家标准规程。At present, the circuit of the electric energy metering device only designs a current transformer with a single transformation ratio or a double transformation ratio for the rated load power. Because the secondary open circuit is very dangerous to the power grid. If the current transformer ratio needs to be replaced, the power must be cut off. It is very dangerous to manually short-circuit the jumper to replace the ratio, and the safety regulations are not allowed. The current transformers used for electric energy measurement are all of S grade, and are generally designed to operate within the range of 20% to 120% of the rated current of the transformation ratio. JJG1021-2007 "Power Transformer", the error limit of S-class current transformer in this range is linear and stable. When it exceeds the range of 20% to 120% of the rated current, the current transformer ratio error will increase. Sometimes the current exceeds several times to a hundred times the rated current, such as wind (water) power generation and electricity consumption, or heating and non-heating periods, or the seasonal electricity load of enterprises that start periodically. The variable ratio quantity limit varies from 5 times to 100 times, which is far beyond the measurable range of ordinary current transformers, resulting in leakage measurement and energy waste under low load or overload. Adding two sets of metering systems needs to increase the land space and metering equipment. In addition, there are contacts in the middle of the external ratio conversion controller line, which may lead to the possibility of electricity stealing, increase the difficulty of lead sealing, and increase the failure points and operation and maintenance costs. Does not meet the current national standard regulations.
现在也有的电力管理部门使用了复合双变比电流互感器或多变比电流互感器,复合变比电流互感器在转换变比时,需要停电、重新接线等一系列的人工操作,给用电客户带来不便和经济损失,同时需要大量的时间和人力。Now some power management departments use compound double-ratio current transformers or multi-ratio current transformers. When the compound transformation ratio current transformers change the transformation ratio, a series of manual operations such as power failure and rewiring are required to supply electricity. It brings inconvenience and financial loss to customers, while requiring a lot of time and manpower.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明解决现有的复比电流互感器不能在线自动转换的问题,提供一种在线智能转换的复比电流互感器。The invention solves the problem that the existing complex ratio current transformer cannot be automatically converted online, and provides a complex ratio current transformer capable of on-line intelligent conversion.
本发明是采用如下技术方案实现的:在线智能转换的复比电流互感器,包括复比电流互感器本体CT、采样电流互感器CT1、RMS处理电路模块、A/D转换模块、带有通讯接口的MCU微处理器,保护继电器JB、控制继电器JK、大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2、大变比断电延时继电器J1;复比电流互感器本体CT的任一个二次绕组选做计量二次绕组,计量二次绕组具有公共抽头端1S1、小变比抽头端1S2和大变比抽头端1S3;公共抽头端1S1与采样电流互感器CT1的一次绕组耦合后作为计量二次绕组的极性端;小变比抽头端1S2与大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常开触点J2-1的一端相连,大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常开触点J2-1的另一端作为计量二次绕组的公共非极性端1COM;大变比抽头端1S3同时与大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常闭触点J2-2的一端、大变比断电延时继电器J1的常开触点J1-1的一端及保护继电器JB的常闭触点JB-1的一端相连,大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2常闭触点J2-2的另一端、大变比断电延时继电器J1常开触点J1-1的另一端及保护继电器JB的常闭触点JB-1的另一端全部连接在公共非极性端1COM上;采样电流互感器CT1的二次绕组的两端连接有采样电阻R,采样电阻R的一端接地、另一端与RMS处理电路模块的输入相连,RMS处理电路模块的输出与A/D转换模块的输入相连,A/D转换模块的输出与MCU微处理器的输入相连,MCU微处理器的输出端控制控制继电器JK的带电、失电,控制继电器JK的常开触点串接于大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的供电回路中,控制继电器JK的常闭触点串接于大变比断电延时继电器J1的供电回路中,保护继电器JB由电源供电。The present invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a complex ratio current transformer for online intelligent conversion, including a complex ratio current transformer body CT, a sampling current transformer CT1, an RMS processing circuit module, an A/D conversion module, a communication interface MCU microprocessor, protection relay JB, control relay JK, size ratio shared power-off delay relay J2, large ratio power-off delay relay J1; any secondary winding of the complex ratio current transformer body CT is selected as The metering secondary winding has a common tap end 1S1, a small change ratio tap end 1S2 and a large change ratio tap end 1S3; the common tap end 1S1 is coupled with the primary winding of the sampling current transformer CT1 as the measurement secondary winding. Polarity terminal; the small ratio tap end 1S2 is connected to one end of the normally open contact J2-1 of the power-off delay relay J2 shared by the size ratio, and the normally open contact J2- of the power-off delay relay J2 shared by the size ratio The other end of 1 is used as the common non-polar terminal 1COM of the measuring secondary winding; the tap terminal 1S3 of the large transformation ratio shares one end of the normally closed contact J2-2 of the power-off delay relay J2 with the large transformation ratio at the same time, and the large transformation ratio is turned off. One end of the normally open contact J1-1 of the electric delay relay J1 is connected to one end of the normally closed contact JB-1 of the protection relay JB, and the size ratio is shared with the other end of the normally closed contact J2-2 of the power-off delay relay J2. One end, the other end of the normally open contact J1-1 of the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 and the other end of the normally closed contact JB-1 of the protection relay JB are all connected to the common non-polar terminal 1COM; sampling current mutual inductance Both ends of the secondary winding of the CT1 are connected with a sampling resistor R, one end of the sampling resistor R is grounded, and the other end is connected to the input of the RMS processing circuit module, the output of the RMS processing circuit module is connected to the input of the A/D conversion module, A The output of the /D conversion module is connected with the input of the MCU microprocessor. The output terminal of the MCU microprocessor controls the electrification and de-energization of the control relay JK. In the power supply circuit of the time relay J2, the normally closed contact of the control relay JK is connected in series with the power supply circuit of the large transformation ratio power-off delay relay J1, and the protection relay JB is powered by the power supply.
使用时,用户可采用远程蓝牙无线设备或其它输入设备经通讯接口向MCU微处理器发送小变比电流上限设定值和大变比电流下限设定值,采样电流互感器CT1实时采集复比电流互感器本体CT的计量二次绕组的输出电流,经采样电阻R转换成电压信号,电压信号再经过RMS处理电路模块进行处理得到电压信号有效值,并把电压信号有效值传递给A/D转换模块,经A/D转换模块的模数转换后送入MCU微处理器,MCU微处理器在相应软件的支持下,将电压信号有效值换算成对应的电流采集值,并与小变比电流上限设定值和大变比电流下限设定值进行比较。当电流采集值小于大变比电流下限设定值时,MCU微处理器使控制继电器JK带电,其常闭触点断开、常开触点闭合,使大变比断电延时继电器J1延时断电,使大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2带电而使其常开触点J2-1闭合,大变比断电延时继电器J1的常开触点J1-1延时断开,复比电流互感器本体CT由大变比状态切换至小变比状态;反之,当电流采集值大于小变比电流上限设定值时,MCU微处理器使控制继电器JK失电,其常闭触点闭合、常开触点断开,使大变比断电延时继电器J1带电、大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2延时断电,大变比断电延时继电器J1的常开触点J1-1闭合,大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常开触点J2-1延时断开(同时大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常闭触点J2-2延时闭合;大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常闭触点J2-2保证该复比电流互感器启动时,稳定地处于大变比状态,防止启动瞬态下的二次开路,因为规范严格禁止任何情况下的二次开路),复比电流互感器本体CT由小变比状态切换至大变比状态;在小变比状态下意外断电时,保护继电器JB的常闭触点JB-1立即接通大变比二次回路,防止大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2在延时断开的过程中所引起的瞬间二次开路。When in use, the user can use a remote Bluetooth wireless device or other input device to send the small ratio current upper limit set value and the large ratio current lower limit set value to the MCU microprocessor through the communication interface, and the sampling current transformer CT1 collects the complex ratio in real time. The output current of the measuring secondary winding of the current transformer body CT is converted into a voltage signal by the sampling resistor R, and the voltage signal is processed by the RMS processing circuit module to obtain the effective value of the voltage signal, and the effective value of the voltage signal is transmitted to the A/D. The conversion module is sent to the MCU microprocessor after the analog-to-digital conversion of the A/D conversion module. With the support of the corresponding software, the MCU microprocessor converts the effective value of the voltage signal into the corresponding current acquisition value, and compares it with the small transformation ratio. The current upper limit setting value is compared with the large ratio current lower limit setting value. When the current collection value is less than the set value of the current lower limit of the large ratio, the MCU microprocessor makes the control relay JK electrified, its normally closed contact is disconnected, and the normally open contact is closed, so that the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 is delayed. When the power is cut off, the power-off delay relay J2 of the size ratio is charged and the normally open contact J2-1 is closed, and the normally open contact J1-1 of the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 is delayed and disconnected. The CT body CT of the complex ratio current transformer switches from the large ratio state to the small ratio state; on the contrary, when the current collection value is greater than the upper limit setting value of the small ratio current, the MCU microprocessor de-energizes the control relay JK, which is normally closed The contact is closed and the normally open contact is disconnected, so that the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 is charged, the size ratio shared power-off delay relay J2 delays power-off, and the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 is normally open. The contact J1-1 is closed, and the normally open contact J2-1 of the size ratio shared power-off delay relay J2 is delayed and disconnected (at the same time, the normally closed contact J2-2 of the size ratio shared power-off delay relay J2 is delayed. closed at the same time; the normally closed contact J2-2 of the power-off delay relay J2 shared by the size ratio ensures that the complex ratio current transformer is stably in the large ratio state when it starts to prevent the secondary open circuit under the startup transient, because The specification strictly prohibits the secondary open circuit under any circumstances), the CT of the complex ratio current transformer body is switched from the small ratio state to the large ratio state; when the power is accidentally cut off in the small ratio state, the normally closed contact of the protection relay JB JB-1 immediately turns on the secondary circuit of the large ratio, to prevent the instantaneous secondary open circuit caused by the shared power-off delay relay J2 of the large and small ratios during the delay disconnection.
本发明所述的在线智能转换的复比电流互感器,可实现变比的在线自动切换,并具有防止二次开路的保护措施;结构设计合理、独特,解决了现有的复比电流互感器不能在线自动转换的问题,可有效避免设备损坏和人身伤害事故。本发明适用于电能计量装置。The on-line intelligent switching complex ratio current transformer of the invention can realize the on-line automatic switching of the variable ratio, and has protection measures to prevent secondary open circuit; the structure design is reasonable and unique, and solves the problem of the existing complex ratio current transformer. The problem that cannot be automatically converted online can effectively avoid equipment damage and personal injury accidents. The present invention is suitable for electric energy metering devices.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在线智能转换的复比电流互感器,包括复比电流互感器本体CT、采样电流互感器CT1、RMS处理电路模块、A/D转换模块、带有通讯接口的MCU微处理器,保护继电器JB、控制继电器JK、大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2、大变比断电延时继电器J1;复比电流互感器本体CT的任一个二次绕组选做计量二次绕组,计量二次绕组具有公共抽头端1S1、小变比抽头端1S2和大变比抽头端1S3;公共抽头端1S1与采样电流互感器CT1的一次绕组耦合后作为计量二次绕组的极性端;小变比抽头端1S2与大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常开触点J2-1的一端相连,大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常开触点J2-1的另一端作为计量二次绕组的公共非极性端1COM;大变比抽头端1S3同时与大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的常闭触点J2-2的一端、大变比断电延时继电器J1的常开触点J1-1的一端及保护继电器JB的常闭触点JB-1的一端相连,大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2常闭触点J2-2的另一端、大变比断电延时继电器J1常开触点J1-1的另一端及保护继电器JB的常闭触点JB-1的另一端全部连接在公共非极性端1COM上;采样电流互感器CT1的二次绕组的两端连接有采样电阻R,采样电阻R的一端接地、另一端与RMS处理电路模块的输入相连,RMS处理电路模块的输出与A/D转换模块的输入相连,A/D转换模块的输出与MCU微处理器的输入相连,MCU微处理器的输出端控制控制继电器JK的带电、失电,控制继电器JK的常开触点串接于大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2的供电回路中,控制继电器JK的常闭触点串接于大变比断电延时继电器J1的供电回路中,保护继电器JB由电源供电。The complex ratio current transformer for online intelligent conversion includes the complex ratio current transformer body CT, the sampling current transformer CT1, the RMS processing circuit module, the A/D conversion module, the MCU microprocessor with the communication interface, the protection relay JB, Control relay JK, common power-off delay relay J2 for large and small ratios, and power-off delay relay J1 for large ratio; Common tap terminal 1S1, small ratio tap terminal 1S2 and large ratio tap terminal 1S3; the common tap terminal 1S1 is coupled with the primary winding of the sampling current transformer CT1 as the polarity terminal of the secondary winding for measurement; the small ratio tap terminal 1S2 It is connected with one end of the normally open contact J2-1 of the power-off delay relay J2 shared by the size ratio, and the other end of the normally open contact J2-1 of the power-off delay relay J2 shared by the size ratio is used as the measurement secondary winding. The common non-polar terminal 1COM; the large ratio tap terminal 1S3 shares one end of the normally closed contact J2-2 of the power-off delay relay J2 with the size ratio and the normally open contact of the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 One end of J1-1 is connected to one end of the normally closed contact JB-1 of the protection relay JB, and the size ratio shares the other end of the normally closed contact J2-2 of the power-off delay relay J2, and the large ratio power-off delay relay The other end of the normally open contact J1-1 of J1 and the other end of the normally closed contact JB-1 of the protection relay JB are all connected to the common non-polar terminal 1COM; both ends of the secondary winding of the sampling current transformer CT1 are connected There is a sampling resistor R, one end of the sampling resistor R is grounded, and the other end is connected to the input of the RMS processing circuit module, the output of the RMS processing circuit module is connected to the input of the A/D conversion module, and the output of the A/D conversion module is connected to the MCU microprocessor. The input of the controller is connected, the output of the MCU microprocessor controls the electrification and de-energization of the control relay JK, and the normally open contact of the control relay JK is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the power-off delay relay J2 shared by the size ratio and the control relay. The normally closed contact of JK is connected in series with the power supply circuit of the large transformation ratio power-off delay relay J1, and the protection relay JB is powered by the power supply.
具体实施时,大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2两端并联有小变比指示灯M1,大变比断电延时继电器J1两端并联有大变比指示灯M2;采用大变比断电延时继电器J1和大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2是为了防止切换过程中的二次开路,增加大、小变比间切换的平稳过度。MCU微处理器的通讯接口为RS232接口或蓝牙接口。In the specific implementation, both ends of the power-off delay relay J2 with a large ratio and a large ratio are connected in parallel with a small ratio indicator M1, and both ends of the large ratio power-off delay relay J1 are connected in parallel with a large ratio indicator M2; The electric delay relay J1 and the size ratio share the power-off delay relay J2 to prevent the secondary open circuit during the switching process and increase the smooth transition between the large and small ratios. The communication interface of MCU microprocessor is RS232 interface or bluetooth interface.
复合变比电流互感器本体CT的其它二次绕组同样具有公共抽头端2S1、小变比抽头端2S2和大变比抽头端2S3,其它每个二次绕组分别对应一个大小变比共用断电延时继电器J4和一个大变比断电延时继电器J3,该二次绕组(即上述的其它每个二次绕组)的小变比抽头端2S2与跟该二次绕组对应的大小变比共用断电延时继电器J4的常开触点J4-1的一端相连,跟该二次绕组对应的大小变比共用断电延时继电器J4的常开触点J4-1的另一端作为该二次绕组的公共非极性端2COM;该二次绕组的大变比抽头端2S3同时与跟该二次绕组对应的大小变比共用断电延时继电器J4的常闭触点J4-2的一端、跟该二次绕组对应的大变比断电延时继电器J3的常开触点J3-1的一端及保护继电器JB的其它常闭触点之一JB-2的一端相连,跟该二次绕组对应的大小变比共用断电延时继电器J4的常闭触点J4-2的另一端、跟该二次绕组对应的大变比断电延时继电器J3的常开触点J3-1的另一端及保护继电器JB的其它常闭触点之一JB-2的另一端全部连接在该二次绕组的公共非极性端2COM上;与其它各二次绕组对应的大小变比共用断电延时继电器J4与跟计量二次绕组对应的大小变比共用断电延时继电器J2相互并联,与其它各二次绕组对应的大变比断电延时继电器J3 与跟计量二次绕组对应的大变比断电延时继电器J1相互并联;这样,其它二次绕组就可以与连接有采样电流互感器CT1的计量二次绕组同时实现大、小变比状态的切换。The other secondary windings of the composite transformation ratio current transformer body CT also have a common tap end 2S1, a small transformation ratio tap end 2S2 and a large transformation ratio tap end 2S3, and each other secondary winding corresponds to a large and small transformation ratio. Time relay J4 and a large ratio power-off delay relay J3, the small ratio tap end 2S2 of the secondary winding (that is, each of the other secondary windings mentioned above) is shared with the size ratio corresponding to the secondary winding. One end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the electric delay relay J4 is connected, and the other end of the normally open contact J4-1 of the power-off delay relay J4 is shared with the size ratio corresponding to the secondary winding as the secondary winding The common non-polar terminal 2COM; the large change ratio tap terminal 2S3 of the secondary winding also shares one end of the normally closed contact J4-2 of the power-off delay relay J4 with the corresponding size change ratio of the secondary winding. One end of the normally open contact J3-1 of the large transformation ratio power-off delay relay J3 corresponding to the secondary winding is connected to one end of JB-2, one of the other normally closed contacts of the protection relay JB, corresponding to the secondary winding The size change ratio shares the other end of the normally closed contact J4-2 of the power-off delay relay J4, and the other end of the normally open contact J3-1 of the power-off delay relay J3 corresponding to the secondary winding. and the other end of JB-2, one of the other normally closed contacts of the protection relay JB, is all connected to the common non-polar end 2COM of the secondary winding; Relay J4 is connected in parallel with the power-off delay relay J2 corresponding to the size ratio corresponding to the metering secondary winding. The power-off delay relays J1 are connected in parallel with each other; in this way, other secondary windings can switch between large and small transformation ratio states simultaneously with the metering secondary winding connected with the sampling current transformer CT1.
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