CN107643434B - Complex waveform triggering method based on segmented Chebyshev distance - Google Patents
Complex waveform triggering method based on segmented Chebyshev distance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a complex waveform triggering method based on a segmented Chebyshev distance, which solves the problem of multiple triggering by introducing waveform similarity measurement: the real-time captured sample waveform is compared with a stored reference waveform using a similarity metric principle, a similarity value represents a degree of approximation of the input waveform with respect to the reference waveform, and a trigger pulse may be generated according to a similarity threshold value, thereby enabling a stable display of a complex signal waveform. Meanwhile, the fuzzy membership function is introduced, so that the comparison of the waveform similarity is not influenced by the actual amplitude of the waveform and the diversity of the noise level, and the judgment of the waveform similarity is more accurate. On the other hand, in practical application, the segment length of the algorithm can be dynamically adjusted according to a specific hardware design platform, and the balance between the response speed of the algorithm and the consumption of hardware resources is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of digital storage oscilloscope triggering, and particularly relates to a complex waveform triggering method based on a segmented Chebyshev distance.
Background
An important function of a digital storage oscilloscope is to capture and analyze waveforms of interest to a user. For simple waveforms, generating a trigger signal consistent with the period of the input signal using conventional level-triggering techniques may allow the waveform to be displayed stably as shown in fig. 1.
However, for complex signals, a cycle may include multiple repeated signal features corresponding to multiple trigger points. As shown in fig. 2, when the same level characteristic occurs many times in a complex signal period, the digital storage oscilloscope will overlap signals with different edges as trigger points, thereby causing a waveform overlapping phenomenon, so that the waveform cannot be stably displayed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of level triggering, provides a complex waveform triggering method based on a segmented Chebyshev distance, solves the difficulty of synchronous triggering of complex signals, and quickly and accurately presents a stable waveform of the complex signals on a digital storage oscilloscope.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a complex waveform triggering method based on a segmented Chebyshev distance, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) firstly, collecting the tested signal, obtaining the reference sampling point sequence with length n, and recording as (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) Wherein n is determined according to the period estimation of the measured signal, and n is greater than the period of the measured signal, so that the reference sampling point sequence comprises a complete period of the measured signal;
(2) dividing the reference sampling point sequence with the length of n into a plurality of sections, wherein the length of each section is m, and the ith section is as follows: (R)i*m,Ri*m+1,...,Ri*m+m-1) Wherein i is 0, 1.., n/m-1;
(3) acquiring a signal to be detected in real time to obtain a sampling sequence (x) with the length of n0,x1,...,xn-1) And calculating it and a reference sample point sequence (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) Chebyshev distance between segments:
wherein i is 0,1,.., n/m-1;
in the ith segment, the position j is from 0 to m-1, and the maximum value of the difference between the sampling sequence and the reference sampling point sequence is used as the Chebyshev distance of the ith segment;
(4) and then calculating the segmented Chebyshev distance pcd:
(5) and calculating the similarity S between the reference sampling point sequence and the sampling sequence by using a fuzzy membership function:
wherein K is a constant, and K>0；
(6) And when the similarity S is larger than alpha, generating a trigger signal, and forbidding trigger generation at the next n-1 sampling points, wherein alpha is a set similarity threshold alpha (0< alpha < 1).
The object of the invention is thus achieved.
The complex waveform triggering method based on the segmented Chebyshev distance introduces waveform similarity measurement to solve the problem of multiple triggering: the real-time captured sample waveform is compared with a stored reference waveform using a similarity metric principle, a similarity value represents a degree of approximation of the input waveform with respect to the reference waveform, and a trigger pulse may be generated according to a similarity threshold value, thereby enabling a stable display of a complex signal waveform. Meanwhile, the fuzzy membership function is introduced, so that the comparison of the waveform similarity is not influenced by the actual amplitude of the waveform and the diversity of the noise level, and the judgment of the waveform similarity is more accurate. On the other hand, in practical application, the segment length of the algorithm can be dynamically adjusted according to a specific hardware design platform, and the balance between the response speed of the algorithm and the consumption of hardware resources is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a simple waveform normal trigger stabilization display;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waveform overlay due to a complex waveform trigger anomaly;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a complex waveform triggering method based on a piecewise Chebyshev distance;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the Chebyshev distance calculation of paragraph 0;
FIG. 5 is an implementation schematic of a segmented Chebyshev distance calculation;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of a sequence of reference samples;
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram of the signal under test, the similarity, and the trigger signal.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in order to better understand the present invention for those skilled in the art with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly noted that in the following description, a detailed description of known functions and designs will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a complex waveform triggering method based on a piecewise Chebyshev distance.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the complex waveform triggering method based on the segmented chebyshev distance of the present invention includes the following steps:
step S1: reference sample sequence acquisition
Firstly, the measured signal is collected, and the reference sampling point sequence with the length n is obtained and recorded as (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1)，And n is determined according to the period estimation of the measured signal, and is greater than the period of the measured signal, so that the reference sampling point sequence comprises a complete period of the measured signal. In practical implementation, the length n may be increased from a smaller length until a stable display waveform is obtained.
Step S2: reference sample sequence segmentation
Dividing the reference sampling point sequence with the length of n into a plurality of sections, wherein the length of each section is m, and the ith section is as follows: (R)i*m,Ri*m+1,...,Ri*m+m-1) Wherein i is 0, 1. In the specific implementation process, n-2 can be selected for convenience of implementationp，m＝2qTo simplify the hardware design, wherein p is less than q, and p and q are positive integers.
Step S3: the sampling sequence is collected in real time, and the Chebyshev distance between each segment of the sampling sequence and the reference sampling point sequence is calculated
Real-time collecting the tested signal to obtain the sampling sequence (x) with length n0,x1,...,xn-1) And calculating it and a reference sample point sequence (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) Chebyshev distance between segments:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
i.e. the position j in the ith segment is from 0 to m-1, and the maximum value of the difference between the sampling sequence and the reference sampling point sequence is used as the Chebyshev distance of the ith segment.
In this embodiment, a sample sequence of length n (x)0,x1,...,xn-1) The method is obtained by adopting a first-in first-out mode and continuously storing the data into a FIFO memory with the length of n.
Step S4: calculating segmented Chebyshev distances
Calculating the segmented Chebyshev distance pcd by the following formula:
step S5: calculating the similarity S by using the fuzzy membership function
The similarity S is calculated by the following formula
Wherein K is a constant, and K>0。
Step S6: whether the similarity S is smaller than a set similarity threshold value alpha or not
When the similarity S > alpha, a trigger signal is generated, and trigger generation is prohibited at the next n-1 sampling points, wherein alpha is a set similarity threshold alpha (0< alpha < 1).
From the flow, if the similarity S > alpha is not satisfied, the next sampling point is returned, namely the sampling point is moved by one bit to continue comparison. In hardware, the sampling points are stored continuously and calculated continuously according to time sequence, and when the similarity S is larger than alpha, a trigger signal is generated.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the Chebyshev distance calculation of paragraph 0.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the reference sampling pointsSegment 0 of the sequence, from position 0 to m-1(R0,R1,...,Rm-1) And sample sequence (x)0,x1,...,xm-1) Performing one-to-one difference calculation from positions 0 to m-1, taking absolute value (abs), and selecting the maximum value as the Chebyshev distance of the 0 th segment in the comparator
Fig. 5 is an implementation schematic diagram of a segmented chebyshev distance calculation.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the accumulated value may be obtained by accumulation, and then multiplied by m/n by a multiplier, so as to realize the calculation of the segment chebyshev distance pcd, where L is n/m-1.
In this embodiment, a user first takes the length n as 1024 according to the prior information of a signal to be measured, and acquires a sequence with the length n being 1024 as a reference sampling point sequence (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) (ii) a Then, the length m of each segment is set to be 8, 128 segments of Chebyshev distance are calculated, and then accumulation and averaging are carried out.
In this embodiment, let K be σ, where σ is the reference sample point sequence(R0,R1,...,Rn-1) Standard deviation of (d); finally, the similarity threshold α is adjusted to display as a stable waveform. The invention can realize accurate triggering of the complex signal, so that the complex signal can be stably displayed.
Fig. 6 is a waveform diagram of a reference sample sequence.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the length of the reference sampling point sequence is 1024, which is equal to the period of the signal under test, and each period of the signal under test is a sinusoidal signal with gradually decreasing amplitude.
FIG. 7 is a timing diagram of the signal under test, the similarity, and the trigger signal.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, when the number of shift points of the sampling point is 2000, the trigger signal is obtained, so that the trigger signal is generated in the period of the signal to be tested and at different positions of the signal to be tested, and the problem of synchronous triggering of complex signals is solved.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (2)
1. A complex waveform triggering method based on a segmented Chebyshev distance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) firstly, collecting the tested signal, obtaining the reference sampling point sequence with length n, and recording as (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) Wherein n is determined according to the period estimation of the measured signal, and n is greater than the period of the measured signal, so that the reference sampling point sequence comprises a complete period of the measured signal;
(2) dividing the reference sampling point sequence with the length of n into a plurality of sections, wherein the length of each section is m, and the ith section is as follows: (R)i*m,Ri*m+1,...,Ri*m+m-1) Wherein i is 0, 1.., n/m-1;
(3) acquiring a signal to be detected in real time to obtain a sampling sequence (x) with the length of n0,x1,...,xn-1) And calculating it and a reference sample point sequence (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) Chebyshev distance between segments:
wherein i is 0,1,.., n/m-1;
in the ith segment, the position j is from 0 to m-1, and the maximum value of the difference between the sampling sequence and the reference sampling point sequence is used as the Chebyshev distance of the ith segment;
(4) and then calculating the segmented Chebyshev distance pcd:
(5) and calculating the similarity S between the reference sampling point sequence and the sampling sequence by using a fuzzy membership function:
wherein K is a constant, and K>0；
(6) And when the similarity S is larger than alpha, generating a trigger signal, and forbidding trigger generation at the next n-1 sampling points, wherein alpha is a set similarity threshold value alpha, and 0< alpha < 1.
2. The complex beamforming triggering method according to claim 1, wherein the constant K ═ σ, where σ is the reference sample sequence (R)0,R1,...,Rn-1) Standard deviation of (2).
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