CN107643251B - Method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by gold nanorod probe - Google Patents

Method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by gold nanorod probe Download PDF

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CN107643251B
CN107643251B CN201710669001.9A CN201710669001A CN107643251B CN 107643251 B CN107643251 B CN 107643251B CN 201710669001 A CN201710669001 A CN 201710669001A CN 107643251 B CN107643251 B CN 107643251B
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卫伟
吴霜霜
刘松琴
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) by a gold nanorod probe colorimetric method, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting and hybridizing activated double-stranded DNA; 2) synthesizing a gold nanorod probe; 3) activation of double stranded DNA, PARP-1, NAD+Mixing reaction to prepare poly adenosine diphosphate ribose Polymer (PAR); 4) the gold nanorod probe and poly adenosine diphosphate ribose Polymer (PAR) act, and an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer is used for observing and detecting the reaction solution; 5) and (5) characterizing the gold rod solution before and after agglomeration by using a transmission electron microscope and dark field light scattering. According to the invention, after the electropositive gold nanorods are self-assembled on the surface of electronegative PAR, the solution is changed from dark reddish brown to almost colorless, and the color change is obvious, so that the PARP-1 can be detected by a colorimetric method. The invention has the advantages of low operation cost, quick and simple detection, high sensitivity, good selectivity and the like.

Description

Method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by gold nanorod probe
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for quantitatively detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1, belonging to the technical field of biosensing.
Background
The main traditional PARP-1 detection methods include radioisotope labeling, Western blotting, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, etc. Radioisotope labeling requires prior labeling of the substrate NAD+The detection result is more reliable and sensitive, a very small amount of PARP-1 can be detected, but the detection range is narrow, the operation procedure is complicated, the cost is high, a very precise measuring instrument is needed, the consumed time is long, and more limit conditions exist in the aspect of detecting a large amount of actual samples. The colorimetric method is not only cheap and does not need complex instruments and equipment, but also is simple, convenient and quick to measure, and is accompanied by color change observable by naked eyes, so that the colorimetric method is developed quickly.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by a gold nanorod probe, namely an analysis method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) by a gold nanorod probe colorimetric method based on electrostatic interaction.
The technical scheme is as follows: aiming at the obvious change of the optical property of the electropositive gold nanorod probe after the gold nanorod probe is agglomerated in an electronegative PAR environment, the method for detecting PARP-1 by a colorimetric method is established. After the gold nanorods are agglomerated, the mutual coupling among the aggregates and the change of dielectric properties of the surrounding environment of the gold nanorods lead the color to be changed from dark brown red to light brown red and finally to be colorless, and meanwhile, the ultraviolet absorption of longitudinal peaks of the gold nanorods is obviously reduced. The PARP-1 can be quantitatively detected through the ultraviolet absorption reduction value.
The method for detecting the poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by the gold nanorod probe comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and hybridizing activated double-stranded DNA;
2) synthesizing a gold nanorod probe;
3) activation of double stranded DNA, PARP-1, NAD+Mixing reaction, and preparing poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymer PAR;
4) the gold nanorod probe and poly adenosine diphosphate ribose Polymer (PAR) act, and an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer is used for observing and detecting the reaction solution;
5) and (5) characterizing the gold rod solution before and after agglomeration by using a transmission electron microscope and dark field light scattering.
Wherein:
the step 1) of activating double-stranded DNA selects two single-stranded DNAs with specific sequences, the single-stranded DNAs are cooled to room temperature after being put in a water bath at 95-100 ℃ in a buffer solution to form hybrid activated double-stranded DNA, and the hybrid activated double-stranded DNA reacts with PARP-1 to activate the PARP-1.
The buffer solution is 10mM Tris-HCl, 0.1M NaCl and has a pH value of 7.2-7.4.
The step 2) of synthesizing the gold nanorod probe comprises the following specific steps: the gold nanorods are synthesized by adopting a one-pot method, a bottle with a single mouth is taken, a CTAB solution is added into deionized water, chloroauric acid is quickly dripped, a silver nitrate solution and a hydroquinone solution are sequentially and slowly added for reaction, a sodium borohydride ice water solution is added, the mixture is uniformly oscillated, and finally the probe solution is re-dissolved in the deionized water after being centrifuged and is stored at room temperature.
The preparation method of the poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymer PAR in the step 3) comprises the following specific steps:taking a centrifuge tube, preparing PARP-1 into different concentrations by using reaction buffer solution, and then respectively adding activated double-stranded DNA and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD+Reacting in water bath at 35-40 ℃.
The concentration of the activated double-stranded DNA is 500-1000 nM.
The NAD+The concentration is 100 to 500. mu.M.
Step 4) the specific steps of the action of the gold nanorod probe and the poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymer PAR are as follows: will result from the activation of double stranded DNA, NAD+Fully reacting with PAR prepared from PARP-1 with different concentrations and a gold nanorod solution at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, recording and detecting an ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the reaction solution, and observing the color and the agglomeration condition of the gold nanorods.
Step 5) the transmission electron microscope and dark field light scattering represent the gold rod solution before and after agglomeration, and the method comprises the following specific steps: and (3) respectively dripping the solution before and after the gold rod is agglomerated onto a copper net supported by a carbon film, standing at room temperature, naturally airing overnight, and carrying out transmission electron microscope detection.
Has the advantages that: the principle is simple, the experimental period is short, the cost of the used raw materials is low, and the experimental result can be directly observed by naked eyes without any large-scale instrument. According to the invention, after the electropositive gold nanorods are self-assembled on the surface of electronegative PAR, the solution is changed from dark reddish brown to almost colorless, and the color change is obvious, so that the PARP-1 can be detected by a colorimetric method. The method effectively utilizes the characteristics of the metal nano material, does not need to rely on expensive precise instruments for detection, simplifies the detection method, greatly reduces the detection cost of PARP-1, and has the advantages of low operation cost, quick and convenient detection, high sensitivity, good selectivity and the like.
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FIG. 1A shows a schematic diagram of PAR production under PARP-1 catalysis; FIG. 1B is a flow chart of a colorimetric method for detecting PARP-1 using gold nanorods as probes;
fig. 2A shows a bar graph: FIG. 2B shows line a;
FIG. 3A shows a transmission electron micrograph of a gold nanorod probe, and FIG. 3B shows a transmission electron micrograph of the solution after the gold nanorod has reacted with a small amount of PAR (catalyzed by 0.1 UPARP-1); FIG. 3C shows a transmission electron micrograph of the solution after reaction of gold rods with sufficient PAR (catalyzed by 0.8U PARP-1);
FIG. 4A shows a dark field imaging of gold nanorod probes, and FIG. 4B shows a dark field image of gold nanorods after PAR addition;
FIG. 5 shows the UV spectrum variation of the quantitative detection of PARP-1. A: the UV spectra obtained under different amounts of PAR (concentration of PARP-1: B: UV absorption reduction (. DELTA.A)745) A fitted curve to the concentration of PARP-1;
Detailed Description
Example 1:
an analysis method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by a gold nanorod probe colorimetric method based on electrostatic interaction comprises the following detection steps:
the gold nanorod probe synthesis step comprises: and synthesizing the gold nanorods by adopting a one-pot method. Taking a one-mouth bottle, adding 38mL of CTAB solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L into 30mL of deionized water, then quickly dropwise adding 3mL of chloroauric acid, then sequentially and slowly adding 346 mu L of silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.02mol/L and 2mL of hydroquinone solution with the concentration of 0.044g, reacting for 5 minutes, adding 2.6mL of freshly prepared sodium borohydride ice water solution with the concentration of 0.5mmol/L, uniformly oscillating, and incubating for more than 12 hours at 30 ℃, wherein the total volume is 76 mL. And finally, centrifuging the probe solution at 13000rpm at 20 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, re-dissolving the probe solution in deionized water after twice centrifugation, and storing the probe solution at room temperature. This solution served as the probe solution.
Activating DNA hybridization step: two single-stranded DNAs of a specific sequence were selected, incubated in a hybridization buffer (10mM Tris-HCl, 0.1M NaCl, pH 7.4) at 95 ℃ for 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to form a hybridized double-stranded DNA, which was reacted with PARP-1 for activating PARP-1.
The PARP-1 catalytic synthesis method comprises the following specific steps: taking a centrifuge tube, preparing PARP-1 into different concentrations by using reaction buffer solution, and adding 10 μ L of 1 μ M activated double-stranded DNA and 10 μ L of 500 μ M nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideNucleotide (NAD)+) In reaction buffer solution of (3 mM Tris-HCl, 50mM KCl, 2mM MgCl)2,50μM Zn(OAc)2pH 7.4) was added 0.1U of PARP-1 and reacted in a water bath at 37 ℃ for 1 hour.
PARP-1 Activity assay: adding 80 mu L of newly prepared gold nanorod solution into the PAR solution prepared by the reaction, uniformly mixing, and fully reacting for 15 minutes. After the reaction is finished, carrying out ultraviolet-visible spectrum detection on the reaction solution, and observing and recording the color and the agglomeration condition of the gold nanorods. The experimental results are shown in FIG. 5, where PARP-1 is in a linear relationship of 0.05-1U, and the detection limit is 0.006U.
Example 2:
an analysis method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by a gold nanorod probe colorimetric method based on electrostatic interaction comprises the following detection steps:
the gold nanorod probe synthesis step comprises: and synthesizing the gold nanorods by adopting a one-pot method. Taking a one-mouth bottle, adding 38mL of CTAB solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L into 30mL of deionized water, then quickly dropwise adding 3mL of chloroauric acid, then sequentially and slowly adding 346 mu L of silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.02mol/L and 2mL of hydroquinone solution with the concentration of 0.044g, reacting for 5 minutes, adding 2.6mL of freshly prepared sodium borohydride ice water solution with the concentration of 0.5mmol/L, uniformly oscillating, and incubating for more than 12 hours at 30 ℃, wherein the total volume is 76 mL. And finally, centrifuging the probe solution at 13000rpm at 20 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, re-dissolving the probe solution in deionized water after twice centrifugation, and storing the probe solution at room temperature. This solution served as the probe solution.
Activating DNA hybridization step: two single-stranded DNAs of a specific sequence were selected, incubated in a hybridization buffer (10mM Tris-HCl, 0.1M NaCl, pH 7.4) at 95 ℃ for 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to form a hybridized double-stranded DNA, which was reacted with PARP-1 for activating PARP-1.
The PARP-1 catalytic synthesis method comprises the following specific steps: a centrifuge tube was taken, and PARP-1 was prepared in different concentrations with reaction buffer solution, and then 10. mu.L, 1. mu.M of activated double stranded DNA and 10. mu.L, 500. mu.M of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) were added+) In reaction buffer solution of (3 mM Tris-HCl, 50mM KCl, 2mM MgCl)2,50μM Zn(OAc)2pH 7.4) was added 0.5U of PARP-1 and reacted in a water bath at 37 ℃ for 1 hour.
PARP-1 Activity assay: adding 80 mu L of newly prepared gold nanorod solution into the PAR solution prepared by the reaction, uniformly mixing, and fully reacting for 15 minutes. After the reaction is finished, carrying out ultraviolet-visible spectrum detection on the reaction solution, and observing and recording the color and the agglomeration condition of the gold nanorods. The experimental results are shown in FIG. 5, where PARP-1 is in a linear relationship of 0.05-1U, and the detection limit is 0.006U.
Example 3:
an analysis method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by a gold nanorod probe colorimetric method based on electrostatic interaction comprises the following detection steps:
the gold nanorod probe synthesis step comprises: and synthesizing the gold nanorods by adopting a one-pot method. Taking a one-mouth bottle, adding 38mL of CTAB solution with the concentration of 0.2mol/L into 30mL of deionized water, then quickly dropwise adding 3mL of chloroauric acid, then sequentially and slowly adding 346 mu L of silver nitrate solution with the concentration of 0.02mol/L and 2mL of hydroquinone solution with the concentration of 0.044g, reacting for 5 minutes, adding 2.6mL of freshly prepared sodium borohydride ice water solution with the concentration of 0.5mmol/L, uniformly oscillating, and incubating for more than 12 hours at 30 ℃, wherein the total volume is 76 mL. And finally, centrifuging the probe solution at 13000rpm at 20 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, re-dissolving the probe solution in deionized water after twice centrifugation, and storing the probe solution at room temperature. This solution served as the probe solution.
Activating DNA hybridization step: two single-stranded DNAs of a specific sequence were selected, incubated in a hybridization buffer (10mM Tris-HCl, 0.1M NaCl, pH 7.4) at 95 ℃ for 5 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature to form a hybridized double-stranded DNA, which was reacted with PARP-1 for activating PARP-1.
The PARP-1 catalytic synthesis method comprises the following specific steps: a centrifuge tube was taken, and PARP-1 was prepared in different concentrations with reaction buffer solution, and then 10. mu.L, 1. mu.M of activated double stranded DNA and 10. mu.L, 500. mu.M of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) were added+) In reaction buffer solution of (3 mM Tris-HCl, 50mM KCl, 2mM MgCl)2,50μM Zn(OAc)2pH 7.4) was added 1.0U of PARP-1 and reacted in a water bath at 37 ℃ for 1 hour.
PARP-1 Activity assay: adding 80 mu L of newly prepared gold nanorod solution into the PAR solution prepared by the reaction, uniformly mixing, and fully reacting for 15 minutes. After the reaction is finished, carrying out ultraviolet-visible spectrum detection on the reaction solution, and observing and recording the color and the agglomeration condition of the gold nanorods. The experimental results are shown in FIG. 5, where PARP-1 is in a linear relationship of 0.05-1U, and the detection limit is 0.006U.
Fig. 2A shows a bar graph: the Zeta potential of the newly synthesized gold nanorod shows that the surface of the gold nanorod is indeed provided with a large amount of positive charges; b, bar graph: zeta potential after the PAR and the gold nanorods react for a period of time is obviously reduced, which shows that the electronegative PAR enables the gold nanorods to agglomerate; fig. 2B shows line a: ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the gold nanorods; b/c/d line: gold nanorod probes are respectively arranged in PARP-1 and NAD+,PARP-1/NAD+Ultraviolet absorption spectrum of (1); as can be seen from the figure, the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the gold nanorod probe has almost no change, which indicates that none of the gold nanorod probes can cause the agglomeration of gold rods; line e/f/g: gold nanorod probes are respectively arranged on PARP-1/activated DNA and NAD+Activated DNA and ultraviolet absorption spectra in activated DNA; as can be seen from the figure, the ultraviolet absorption intensity of the gold rod is slightly reduced, and the corresponding color is also slightly changed, which indicates that the activation of double-stranded DNA can induce the gold rod to slightly aggregate; h line: gold nanorods on activated DNA-
PARP-1/NAD+Ultraviolet absorption spectrum of (1); the figure shows that the ultraviolet absorption intensity of the gold rod is obviously changed, and the inset shows that the color of the solution is changed from dark brown red to colorless, which indicates that the generated PAR can cause the gold nanorods to agglomerate.
FIG. 3A shows a transmission electron micrograph of a gold nanorod probe with a scale of 100 nm; the newly synthesized gold nanorod probe has good monodispersity in water; FIG. 3B shows transmission electron micrographs of the solution after reaction of a gold rod with a small amount of PAR (catalyzed by 0.1U PARP-1): the distance between the gold nanorods is obviously reduced, which shows that the electronegative PAR leads the gold nanorods to be mutually close through electrostatic interaction; FIG. 3C shows an SEM of the solution after reaction of a gold rod with sufficient PAR (catalyzed by 0.8 UPARP-1): from the figure, it can be seen that the gold nanorods almost completely aggregated with a sufficient amount of PAR in the reaction solution.
FIG. 4A shows a dark field image of a gold nanorod probe with a 60 micron scale; the figure shows that the newly synthesized gold nanorods have good dispersibility and show consistent color, which indicates that the gold nanorods have good colloidal stability; FIG. 4B shows dark field images of gold nanorods after PAR addition; it can be seen from the figure that the originally dispersed dots clump together and that the bright spots also change from dark red to light gold, indicating that significant agglomeration of the rods occurred after the addition of PAR.
FIG. 5 shows the UV spectrum variation of the quantitative detection of PARP-1. A: under the action of different amounts of PAR, obtaining ultraviolet spectrograms (PARP-1 concentration: 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 3U (from top to bottom), interpolating the relationship between the color of the gold nanorod solution and the PARP-1 concentration, and B ultraviolet absorption reduction value (delta A)745) A fitted curve to the concentration of PARP-1; illustration is shown: decrease in ultraviolet absorption (. DELTA.A)745) A linear relationship with PARP-1 concentration; it can be seen that PARP-1 has a good linear relationship from 0.05U to 1U.

Claims (6)

1. A method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by a gold nanorod probe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting and hybridizing activated double-stranded DNA;
2) synthesizing a gold nanorod probe;
3) activation of double stranded DNA, PARP-1, NAD+Mixing reaction, and preparing poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymer PAR;
4) the gold nanorod probe and poly adenosine diphosphate ribose Polymer (PAR) act, and an ultraviolet-visible spectrometer is used for observing to detect the reaction solution;
5) the gold rod solution before and after agglomeration is characterized by using a transmission electron microscope and dark field light scattering;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the step 1) of activating double-stranded DNA selects two single-stranded DNAs with specific sequences, the two single-stranded DNAs are cooled to room temperature after being put in a water bath at 95-100 ℃ in a buffer solution to form hybrid activated double-stranded DNA, and the hybrid activated double-stranded DNA reacts with PARP-1 and is used for activating the PARP-1;
the buffer solution is 10mM Tris-HCl, 0.1M NaCl and has pH of 7.2-7.4;
the step 2) of synthesizing the gold nanorod probe comprises the following specific steps: synthesizing gold nanorods by adopting a one-pot method, taking a bottle with a single mouth, adding a CTAB solution into deionized water, then quickly dropwise adding chloroauric acid, then slowly adding a silver nitrate solution and a hydroquinone solution in sequence for reaction, adding a sodium borohydride ice water solution, oscillating uniformly, finally re-dissolving a probe solution in deionized water after centrifuging, and storing at room temperature.
2. The method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by using the gold nanorod probe according to claim 1, wherein the step 3) of preparing the poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymer PAR comprises the following specific steps: taking a centrifuge tube, preparing PARP-1 into different concentrations by using reaction buffer solution, and then respectively adding activated double-stranded DNA and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD+Reacting in water bath at 35-40 ℃.
3. The method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by using the gold nanorod probe according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the activated double-stranded DNA is 500-1000 nM.
4. The method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by using the gold nanorod probe according to claim 1, wherein the NAD is NAD+The concentration is 100 to 500. mu.M.
5. The method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by using the gold nanorod probe according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) of the action of the gold nanorod probe and the poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymer PAR comprises the following specific steps: will result from the activation of double stranded DNA, NAD+PAR and gold nano-particles prepared from PARP-1 with different concentrationsAnd (3) fully reacting the rod solution at 20-30 ℃, recording and detecting the reaction solution by using an ultraviolet-visible spectrum, and observing the color and the agglomeration condition of the gold nanorods.
6. The method for detecting poly (adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase-1 by using the gold nanorod probe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 5) of the transmission electron microscope and dark field light scattering characterization of the gold rod solution before and after agglomeration comprises the following specific steps: and (3) respectively dripping the solution before and after the gold rod is agglomerated onto a copper net supported by a carbon film, standing at room temperature, naturally airing overnight, and carrying out transmission electron microscope detection.
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CN116441555B (en) * 2023-06-16 2023-08-22 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 Functionalized gold nanorod probe, preparation method and application thereof in pentachlorophenol dark field microscopic imaging detection

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