CN107642439A

CN107642439A - A kind of diesel engine charge heating system and method

Info

Publication number: CN107642439A
Application number: CN201711096533.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔小勤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-11-09
Filing date: 2017-11-09
Publication date: 2018-01-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of diesel engine charge heating system, including engine body, the exhaust pipe of engine, charge heating unit, preheating unit blast pipe, silencer, exhaust elbow, engine air air inlet pipe and preheating unit air inlet pipe；The exhaust valve outlet of the engine body connects the inlet end of the exhaust pipe of engine；The exhaust end of the exhaust pipe of engine connects the tail gas inlet end of the charge heating unit；The tail gas exhaust end of the charge heating unit connects the inlet end of the preheating unit blast pipe, and the exhaust end of the preheating unit blast pipe connects the inlet end of the silencer；The exhaust end of the silencer connects the exhaust elbow；The exhaust end connection of the exhaust elbow is extraneous；The structure of the present invention is simple, suitable for the engine in the very colds such as north area, takes full advantage of the high-temperature tail gas waste heat in blast pipe.

Description

A kind of diesel engine charge heating system and method

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of internal combustion engine, more particularly to a kind of diesel engine charge heating system and method.

Background technology

Diesel engine is one of major impetus source for agriculture field, in north of China due to very cold, is entered The air that valve entrance enters causes to need additional heat to supplement in diesel engine running because temperature is too low, causes to start The situation of machine effective output step-down, but motor exhaust is often directly over the silencer discharge external world, its waste heat does not have Make full use of, simultaneously because only being eliminated the noise by silencer, cause the phenomenon that noise is bigger than normal.

The content of the invention

Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind and made full use of more than blast pipe A kind of diesel engine charge heating system and method for heat.

Technical scheme：To achieve the above object, a kind of diesel engine charge heating system of the invention, including engine Body, the exhaust pipe of engine, charge heating unit, preheating unit blast pipe, silencer, exhaust elbow, engine air air inlet Pipe and preheating unit air inlet pipe；

The exhaust valve outlet of the engine body connects the inlet end of the exhaust pipe of engine；The engine exhaust The exhaust end of pipe connects the tail gas inlet end of the charge heating unit；The tail gas exhaust end connection institute of the charge heating unit The inlet end of preheating unit blast pipe is stated, the exhaust end of the preheating unit blast pipe connects the inlet end of the silencer；Institute The exhaust end for stating silencer connects the exhaust elbow；The exhaust end connection of the exhaust elbow is extraneous；

The air inlet end connection of the preheating unit air inlet pipe is extraneous, and the preheating unit air inlet pipe outlet side connects institute The air inlet end of charge heating unit is stated, the air outlet side of the charge heating unit connects the engine air air inlet Pipe, the inlet valve entrance of the outlet side connection engine body of the engine air air inlet pipe.

Further, the charge heating unit includes heat exchange box, and the heat exchange box is long box structure, the heat exchange box Side end set have an accumulation of heat air chamber, the smoke end of the exhaust pipe of engine is stretched horizontal through accumulation of heat air chamber and level In the heat exchanging chamber for entering the heat exchange box, the tube wall of the exhaust pipe of engine stretched into the heat exchanging chamber is provided with some leakage cigarette holes, And some leakage cigarette pore size distributions are in the exhaust pipe of engine lower wall；The bending tubes end of the preheating unit blast pipe is on heat exchange box case top Middle part turns on heat exchanging chamber；If also including dry air endothermic tube in the heat exchange box, some air endothermic tubes are described with stretching into The exhaust pipe of engine in heat exchanging chamber is parallel, and axis of some air endothermic tubes along the exhaust pipe of engine is into circumference array Distribution, the both ends of some air endothermic tubes are extended on the outside of heat exchange box both ends；The outlet side of some air endothermic tubes The accumulation of heat air chamber is turned on jointly；The air inlet end of some air endothermic tubes turns on the preheating unit air inlet jointly The outlet side of pipe；The outlet side of the accumulation of heat air chamber turns on the inlet end of the engine air air inlet pipe.

Further, if dry air endothermic tube is the six roots of sensation, and the internal diameter sum of air endothermic tube described in the six roots of sensation is institute State the half of engine exhaust bore.

Further, the cross section of the exhaust pipe of engine stretched into the heat exchanging chamber is circular ring structure, wherein there is leakage cigarette There are six leakage cigarette holes, and six leakage cigarette holes are uniformly distributed in the engine exhaust on the cross section at hole On the lower semi-ring in the cross section of pipe, and adjacent two leakage cigarette hole relative to exhaust pipe of engine axis into 36 ° of angles.

Further, the aperture sums in some leakage cigarette holes are twice of the engine exhaust bore.

Further, array is provided with some heat conduction ring plates, the heat conduction ring to each air heat absorption pipe outer wall vertically Piece external diameter is twice of air heat absorption bore, and the thermally conductive sheet is copper thermally conductive sheet；Upper hollow out has some auxiliary heat conductions Hole.

Further, the axis of the exhaust pipe of engine is located at the geometric center of the heat exchanging chamber cross section.

Further, a kind of method of agricultural diesel oil engine charge pre-heating system, it is specific as follows：

Tail gas traveling process：During engine body normal operation, the exhaust valve of the engine body is exported continuously to hair Motivation blast pipe discharges high temperature, and the tail gas with high impact forces, and then tail gas is by stretching into the engine in the heat exchanging chamber Some leakage cigarette holes on exhaust tube wall are ejected into heat exchanging chamber, because leakage cigarette pore size distribution is in exhaust pipe of engine lower wall, make leakage Uniformly downward divergence expression injection, its divergence expression spray the impulsive force for reducing tail gas, served preliminary the tail gas that cigarette hole comes out Noise elimination acts on, and tail gas is spread then up by after the resistance of heat exchanging chamber bottom of chamber, in high-temperature tail gas diffusion traveling process and fully Contact each heat conduction ring plate of intracavitary, due to tail gas it is downward after motion upwards again, equivalent to increasing tail gas in heat exchanging chamber Stroke, improve heat-exchange time of the tail gas in intracavitary, make tail gas that heat more fully to be passed to heat conduction ring plate, with heat exchange The tail gas constantly accumulated in chamber increases cavity pressure, forces the gas in heat exchanging chamber to be spilled over to from the preheating unit blast pipe In silencer, final row is outwardly；

Air traveling process：During engine body normal operation, the inlet valve entrance of the engine body produces continuously Rhythmicity negative pressure, so that the linkage of accumulation of heat air chamber produces continuous negative pressure, accumulation of heat air chamber, because cavity volume is larger, buffer Continuous rhythmicity reduced pressure, the gas in air endothermic tube is kept more stable air-flow, serve the buffering air The moment on-way resistance effect of endothermic tube, outside air continues through air endothermic tube and adds to accumulation of heat sky in the presence of negative pressure In air cavity, endothermic tube is fully heated to the air of inside in the process, makes the air that inlet valve enters cold higher than extraneous Cold air, the stability and capacity usage ratio of engine are improved, takes full advantage of waste heat from tail gas.

Beneficial effect：The structure of the present invention is simple, suitable for the farm engine in the very colds such as north area, fully profit With the high-temperature tail gas waste heat in blast pipe, Engine Inlet Temperature is lifted, while charge heating unit also acts necessarily Auxiliary eliminate the noise effect.

Brief description of the drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is overall structure diagram of the invention；

Accompanying drawing 2 is that charge heating unit transverse cuts schematic diagram；

Accompanying drawing 3 is the longitudinally slit schematic diagram of charge heating unit；

Accompanying drawing 4 is partial structural diagram at charge heating unit air inlet end；

Accompanying drawing 5 is the cross section signal of the exhaust pipe of engine stretched into heat exchanging chamber.

Embodiment

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The present embodiment is applied to the engine in the very colds such as north area；As shown in accompanying drawing 1 to 5, a kind of agricultural diesel oil Engine charge pre-heating system, including the exhaust of engine body 3, the exhaust pipe of engine 88, charge heating unit 9, preheating unit Pipe 90, silencer 1, exhaust elbow 2, engine air air inlet pipe 89 and preheating unit air inlet pipe 100；The engine body 3 Exhaust valve outlet connect the inlet end of the exhaust pipe of engine 88；Described in the exhaust end connection of the exhaust pipe of engine 88 The tail gas inlet end of charge heating unit 9；The tail gas exhaust end of the charge heating unit 9 connects the preheating unit blast pipe 90 inlet end, the exhaust end of the preheating unit blast pipe 90 connect the inlet end of the silencer 1；The silencer 1 Exhaust end connects the exhaust elbow 2；The exhaust end connection of the exhaust elbow 2 is extraneous；The preheating unit air inlet pipe 100 The connection of air inlet end is extraneous, and the outlet side of preheating unit air inlet pipe 100 connects the air inlet of the charge heating unit 9 End, the air outlet side of the charge heating unit 9 connect the engine air air inlet pipe 89, the engine air air inlet The inlet valve entrance of the outlet side connection engine body 3 of pipe 89；Wherein charge heating unit 9 is discussed in detail below.

The charge heating unit 9 includes heat exchange box 101, and the heat exchange box 101 is long box structure, the heat exchange box 101 side end set has accumulation of heat air chamber 102, and the smoke end of the exhaust pipe of engine 88 is horizontal through accumulation of heat air chamber 102 and horizontally extend into the heat exchanging chamber 105 of the heat exchange box 101, the exhaust pipe of engine 88 stretched into the heat exchanging chamber 105 Tube wall is provided with some leakage cigarette holes 104, and some leakage cigarette holes 104 are distributed in the lower wall of the exhaust pipe of engine 88；The preheating The bending tubes end of unit blast pipe 90 turns on heat exchanging chamber 105 in the middle part of 101 casees tops of heat exchange box；If also include in the heat exchange box 101 Dry air endothermic tube 106, some air endothermic tubes 106 are flat with stretching into the exhaust pipe of engine 88 in the heat exchanging chamber 105 OK, and axis of some air endothermic tubes 106 along the exhaust pipe of engine 88 is distributed into circumference array, and some air are inhaled The both ends of heat pipe 106 are extended on the outside of the both ends of heat exchange box 101；The outlet side of some air endothermic tubes 106 turns on institute jointly State accumulation of heat air chamber 102；The air inlet end 108 of some air endothermic tubes 106 turns on the preheating unit air inlet jointly The outlet side 107 of pipe 100；The outlet side of the accumulation of heat air chamber 102 turns on the inlet end of the engine air air inlet pipe 89； Array is provided with some heat conduction ring plates 108 to each outer wall of air endothermic tube 106 vertically, and the external diameter of heat conduction ring plate 108 is Twice of the internal diameter of air endothermic tube 106, the thermally conductive sheet are copper thermally conductive sheet；Upper hollow out has some auxiliary heat conduction holes 107；

The concrete principle of this bill is as follows：During engine body normal operation, the exhaust valve outlet of the engine body 3 High temperature, and the tail gas with high impact forces continuously are discharged to the exhaust pipe of engine 88, then tail gas is by stretching into the heat exchanging chamber Some leakage cigarette holes 104 on the tube wall of the exhaust pipe of engine 88 in 105 are ejected into heat exchanging chamber 105, because leakage cigarette hole 104 is distributed In the lower wall of the exhaust pipe of engine 88, the tail gas uniformly downward divergence expression injection for coming out leakage cigarette hole 104, its divergence expression injection decrease The impulsive force of tail gas, serves preliminary noise elimination effect, and tail gas is expanded by after the resistance of the bottom of chamber of heat exchanging chamber 105 then up Dissipate, high-temperature tail gas diffusion traveling process in and fully contact intracavitary each heat conduction ring plate 108, due to tail gas it is downward after again to Upper motion, equivalent to stroke of the tail gas in heat exchanging chamber 105 is increased, heat-exchange time of the tail gas in intracavitary is improved, makes tail gas Heat is more fully passed to heat conduction ring plate 108, as the tail gas constantly accumulated in heat exchanging chamber 105 increases cavity pressure, The gas in heat exchanging chamber 105 is forced to be spilled over to from the preheating unit blast pipe 90 in silencer 1, final row is outwardly；

Air traveling process：During engine body normal operation, the inlet valve entrance of the engine body 3 produces continuously Rhythmicity negative pressure so that accumulation of heat air chamber 102 linkage produce continuous negative pressure, accumulation of heat air chamber 102, due to cavity volume compared with Greatly, continuous rhythmicity reduced pressure has been buffered, the gas in air endothermic tube 106 is kept more stable air-flow, serves slow The moment on-way resistance effect of the air endothermic tube 106 is rushed, outside air continues through air heat absorption in the presence of negative pressure Pipe 106 is added in accumulation of heat air chamber 102, and endothermic tube 106 is fully heated to the air of inside in the process, makes air inlet The air that door enters is higher than extraneous cold gas, improves the stability and capacity usage ratio of engine, takes full advantage of tail gas Waste heat.

If dry air endothermic tube 106 is the six roots of sensation, and the internal diameter sum of air endothermic tube 106 described in the six roots of sensation is the hair The half of the internal diameter of motivation blast pipe 88, gas burning expansion reason, extraction flow are greater than charge flow rate, and the internal diameter of blast pipe 88 is more than Air endothermic tube 106 is with the normal exhaust of cooperation and inspiratory flow.

The cross section 103 of the exhaust pipe of engine 88 stretched into the heat exchanging chamber 105 is circular ring structure, wherein there is leakage cigarette hole There are six leakage cigarette holes 104 on the cross section 103 at 104, and six leakage cigarette holes 104 be uniformly distributed in it is described On the lower semi-ring in the cross section 103 of the exhaust pipe of engine 88, and adjacent two leakage cigarettes hole 104 is relative to the axis of the exhaust pipe of engine 88 Into 36 ° of angles, because leakage cigarette hole 104 is distributed in the lower wall of the exhaust pipe of engine 88, the tail gas for coming out leakage cigarette hole 104 is uniformly downward Divergence expression sprays, and its divergence expression sprays the impulsive force for reducing tail gas, serves preliminary noise elimination effect, tail gas is by heat exchanging chamber Spread then up after the resistance of 105 bottom of chamber, contact in high-temperature tail gas diffusion traveling process and fully each heat conduction of intracavitary Ring plate 108, due to tail gas it is downward after again upwards motion, equivalent to stroke of the tail gas in heat exchanging chamber 105 is increased, improve tail Heat-exchange time of the gas in intracavitary.

The aperture sum in some leakage cigarette holes 104 is twice of the internal diameter of the exhaust pipe of engine 88, changes size relationship balance The relation of exhaust resistance and exhaust velocity, exhaust resistance and exhaust velocity is controlled in rational scope, prevent from being vented Resistance is excessive to be caused to impact engine efficiency.

The axis of the exhaust pipe of engine 88 is located at the geometric center of the cross section of heat exchanging chamber 105, makes the gas of inside Body diverging is more uniform.

Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A kind of 1. diesel engine charge heating system, it is characterised in that：Including engine body (3), the exhaust pipe of engine (88), charge heating unit (9), preheating unit blast pipe (90), silencer (1), exhaust elbow (2), engine air air inlet Manage (89) and preheating unit air inlet pipe (100)；

The exhaust valve outlet of the engine body (3) connects the inlet end of the exhaust pipe of engine (88)；The engine The exhaust end of blast pipe (88) connects the tail gas inlet end of the charge heating unit (9)；The tail of the charge heating unit (9) Gas exhaust end connects the inlet end of the preheating unit blast pipe (90), the exhaust end connection of the preheating unit blast pipe (90) The inlet end of the silencer (1)；The exhaust end of the silencer (1) connects the exhaust elbow (2)；The exhaust elbow (2) exhaust end connection is extraneous；

The air inlet end connection of the preheating unit air inlet pipe (100) is extraneous, preheating unit air inlet pipe (100) outlet side The air inlet end of the charge heating unit (9) is connected, the air outlet side of the charge heating unit (9) connects the hair Motivation air intake duct (89), the inlet valve of the outlet side connection engine body (3) of the engine air air inlet pipe (89) Entrance.
A kind of 2. diesel engine charge heating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charge heating list First (9) include heat exchange box (101), and the heat exchange box (101) is long box structure, and a side end of the heat exchange box (101) is set Accumulation of heat air chamber (102) is equipped with, the smoke end of the exhaust pipe of engine (88) is horizontal through accumulation of heat air chamber (102) and level Stretch into the heat exchanging chamber (105) of the heat exchange box (101), the exhaust pipe of engine (88) stretched into the heat exchanging chamber (105) Tube wall is provided with some leakages cigarette hole (104), and some leakages cigarette hole (104) are distributed in the exhaust pipe of engine (88) lower wall；Institute The bending tubes end for stating preheating unit blast pipe (90) turns on heat exchanging chamber (105) in the middle part of heat exchange box (101) case top；The heat exchange box (101) if interior also include dry air endothermic tube (106), some air endothermic tubes (106) are with stretching into the heat exchanging chamber (105) In the exhaust pipe of engine (88) it is parallel, and axis of some air endothermic tubes (106) along the exhaust pipe of engine (88) into Circumference array is distributed, and the both ends of some air endothermic tubes (106) are extended on the outside of heat exchange box (101) both ends；It is some described The outlet side of air endothermic tube (106) turns on the accumulation of heat air chamber (102) jointly；Some air endothermic tubes (106) Air inlet end (108) turns on the outlet side (107) of the preheating unit air inlet pipe (100) jointly；The accumulation of heat air chamber (102) outlet side turns on the inlet end of the engine air air inlet pipe (89).
A kind of 3. diesel engine charge heating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：If dry air endothermic tube (106) it is the six roots of sensation, and the internal diameter sum of air endothermic tube (106) described in the six roots of sensation is the exhaust pipe of engine (88) internal diameter Half.
A kind of 4. diesel engine charge heating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Stretch into the heat exchanging chamber (105) cross section (103) of the exhaust pipe of engine (88) in is circular ring structure, wherein there is the horizontal stroke at leakage cigarette hole (104) place There are six leakages cigarette hole (104), and six leakages cigarette hole (104) are uniformly distributed in the engine on section (103) On the lower semi-ring in the cross section (103) of blast pipe (88), and adjacent two leakage cigarette hole (104) is relative to the exhaust pipe of engine (88) axle Line is into 36 ° of angles.
A kind of 5. diesel engine charge heating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Some leakage cigarette holes (104) aperture sum is twice of the exhaust pipe of engine (88) internal diameter.
A kind of 6. diesel engine charge heating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Each air heat absorption Array is provided with some heat conduction ring plates (108) to pipe (106) outer wall vertically, and heat conduction ring plate (108) external diameter is the air Twice of endothermic tube (106) internal diameter, the thermally conductive sheet are copper thermally conductive sheet；Upper hollow out has some auxiliary heat conduction holes (107).
A kind of 7. diesel engine charge heating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The engine exhaust The axis of pipe (88) is located at the geometric center of the heat exchanging chamber (105) cross section.
A kind of 8. method of diesel engine charge heating system, it is characterised in that：

Tail gas traveling process：During engine body normal operation, the outlet of the exhaust valve of the engine body (3) is continuously to starting Machine blast pipe (88) discharges high temperature, and the tail gas with high impact forces, and then tail gas is by stretching into the heat exchanging chamber (105) Some leakage cigarette holes (104) on the exhaust pipe of engine (88) tube wall are ejected into heat exchanging chamber (105), due to leakage cigarette hole (104) point The exhaust pipe of engine (88) lower wall is distributed in, the tail gas uniformly downward divergence expression injection for coming out leakage cigarette hole (104), the spray of its divergence expression Penetrate the impulsive force for reducing tail gas, serve preliminary noise elimination effect, tail gas by after the resistance of heat exchanging chamber (105) bottom of chamber then Diffuse up, high-temperature tail gas diffusion traveling process in and fully contact intracavitary each heat conduction ring plate (108), due to tail gas to Motion upwards again, equivalent to stroke of the tail gas in heat exchanging chamber (105) is increased, improves tail gas in the heat exchange of intracavitary after lower Between, make tail gas that heat more fully to be passed to heat conduction ring plate (108), as the tail gas constantly accumulated in heat exchanging chamber (105) makes Cavity pressure increases, and forces the gas in heat exchanging chamber (105) to be spilled over to silencer (1) from the preheating unit blast pipe (90) In, final row is outwardly；

Air traveling process：During engine body normal operation, the inlet valve entrance of the engine body (3) produces continuous section Rule property negative pressure so that accumulation of heat air chamber (102) linkage produce continuous negative pressure, accumulation of heat air chamber (102), due to cavity volume compared with Greatly, continuous rhythmicity reduced pressure has been buffered, the gas in air endothermic tube (106) is kept more stable air-flow, serves The moment on-way resistance effect of the air endothermic tube (106) is buffered, outside air continues through air in the presence of negative pressure Endothermic tube (106) is added in accumulation of heat air chamber (102), and endothermic tube (106) is carried out abundant to the air of inside in the process Heating, the air that inlet valve enters is higher than extraneous cold gas, improve the stability and capacity usage ratio of engine, fully It make use of waste heat from tail gas.