CN107639107B - A kind of restorative procedure that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount - Google Patents
A kind of restorative procedure that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount Download PDFInfo
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- CN107639107B CN107639107B CN201711137188.4A CN201711137188A CN107639107B CN 107639107 B CN107639107 B CN 107639107B CN 201711137188 A CN201711137188 A CN 201711137188A CN 107639107 B CN107639107 B CN 107639107B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of restorative procedures that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount, and the activator containing surfactant is pressed and is applied in soil with 1 ~ 3:1 of soil volume ratio, is detached from heavy metal from soil particle；Porous material is pressed again and is added in soil with volume ratio 2:1 ~ 1:3 of soil, is mixed, metallic element is made to be adsorbed onto porous material surface；Finally by screening or Magnetic Isolation, porous material is separated with soil.The restorative procedure of this law can disposably be reduced to lead present in soil or sludge, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, cobalt, chromium etc. or removal, can avoid the risk for causing heavy metal to discharge again because of soil environmental background value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection technical field more particularly to heavy metal-polluted soil removals, solid repair materials heavy metal
Transfer, the separation field for adhering to heavy metal material, and in particular to a kind of restorative procedure that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount.
Background technique
Heavy metal in soil has non-biodegradable and cumulative characteristic, and the reparation of current soil heavy metal is mostly to use
Curing/stabilizing technology is to apply chemical agent or physical absorbent into soil, can by reducing metal migration and biology
Usability, which achievees the purpose that reduce, endangers organism.However, heavy metal in soil is not reduced or is removed, when environment shape
When condition changes, such as the variation of soil acidity or alkalinity, can make to have been cured/stabilized heavy metal discharges once again and endangers animals and plants
Health and human-body safety.The administering method for reducing heavy metal in soil total amount, can fundamentally solve heavy metal pollution problem.
Currently, can reduce the recovery technique of heavy metal in soil total amount mainly has phytoremediation, elution method, electrochemistry
Method.Plant method is plantation heavy metal super-enriched plant, by the way that Metal uptake to be enriched in plant, collects plant and does further
Processing is suitble to farmland to repair, but takes a long time.Elution method is with certain liquid, including acid, alkali, salt, surfactant, complexing
Or the solution such as chelating agent, heavy metal in soil is transferred in the soil liquid and elutes removal, easily causes secondary pollution, leacheate needs
Secondary treatment is done again, and the soil texture after elution can change, and higher cost.Electrochemical process is to make a huge sum of money in the soil liquid
Belong to ion displacement, the method being removed by enrichment has certain requirement to soil permeability, and cost is also larger.Nothing
By what above-mentioned method, there is certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
It is high the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of remediation efficiency and environment amenable to reduce heavy metal in soil total
The method of the soil remediation of amount.The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of restorative procedure that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount, comprising the following steps:
1) activator is pressed and is applied in soil with 1 ~ 3:1 of soil volume ratio, keep soil moisture content to be greater than 45%, mixing
Stirring, is detached from heavy metal from soil particle, the ingredient of the activator includes biosurfactant and solubilizer；
2) porous material is pressed and is added with volume ratio 2:1 ~ 1:3 of soil with the soil after activator effect, mixing is stirred
It mixes, metallic element is made to be adsorbed onto porous material surface, iron content is greater than 5% in the ingredient of the porous material；
3) by screening or Magnetic Isolation, porous material is separated with soil.
Further, the biosurfactant is glycolipid, glucosides, cellulose, phytic acid, soya-bean oil, saponin, dextrin, shallow lake
Any one or a few in powder, lignin mixes composition with water, and the other compositions in biosurfactant are total than water
Measuring the content in activator is 0.01% ~ 2%；The solubilizer is sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hypochlorite, chlorination
Calcium, phosphoric acid, citric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, any one or a few in ammonium salt；Concentration range of the solubilizer in activator be
0.01%~35%；The pH value of the activator is 7 ~ 10, and the surface tension value of the activator is 15 ~ 45mN/m.
Further, the critical micelle concentration of the activator are as follows: 50-250mg/L.
Further, the production method of porous material are as follows: host material, pore creating material are mixed with iron-based material, and add water
It is molded, 25-80 DEG C of temperature is dry, 400 DEG C of -800 DEG C of sintering, then obtains with organic acid effect 5min ~ 2h described
Porous material；The iron-based material accounts for 15% or more of porous material gross mass, and the host material is bentonite, sodium silicate, sulphur
It is choline, silica flour, calcite, gypsum, lime, cement, clay, diatomite, sepiolite, steel slag, one or more of in coal dust；Institute
Stating iron-based material is one or more in iron, iron oxide or iron ore, and iron content is greater than 48% in iron-based material.
Further, the pore creating material be ammonium hydrogen carbonate, it is polyvinyl alcohol, lignin, Tea Saponin, a kind of in carboxymethyl cellulose
Or it is several, the pore creating material quality is the 5%-20% of substrate material quality.
Further, organic acid is humic acid, xylonic acid, a kind or several in acetic acid, and the concentration of organic acid is 0.02%-
2.0%
Further, renewable to follow by acid elution or immersion treatment by step 3) porous material obtained after separation
Ring utilizes；The acid that acid elution uses is any one in hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acid concentration 0.1-1mol/L.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention destroys heavy metal with heavy metallic activation agent using the soil restoring technology of activator and porous material acquisition
With the binding force of soil, heavy metal is promoted to be detached from from soil particle, is occurred using porous material and soil or Heavy Metals in Sludge
Redox, network (chela) close etc. chemical reaction, metallic element is adsorbed onto porous material surface, by screening or Magnetic Isolation,
Porous material is separated with soil or sludge, so that soil or Heavy Metal Level In Sludge is minimized or is removed, substantially increases
Elimination efficiency；Lead present in soil or sludge, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, cobalt, chromium etc. disposably can be reduced or removed, can avoid because of soil
Earth environmental change and the risk for causing heavy metal to discharge again.
Activator disclosed by the invention is matched according to heavy metal type and content contained by different contaminated soils or sludge
It adjusts, can individually be mixed with soil with concentration, for removing the heavy metal in soil, and functioning efficiency is high, safety non-pollution.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of soil remediation method that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount, comprising the following steps:
1) activator is pressed and is applied in soil with 1 ~ 3:1 of soil volume ratio, keep soil moisture content to be greater than 45%, mixing
Stirring, is detached from heavy metal from soil particle, the ingredient of the activator includes biosurfactant and solubilizer；
2) porous material is pressed and is added in soil with volume ratio 2:1 ~ 1:3 of soil, be mixed, adsorb metallic element
To porous material surface, iron content is greater than 5% in the ingredient of the porous material；
3) by screening or Magnetic Isolation, porous material is separated with soil.
4) step 3) porous material obtained after separation, it is renewable to recycle by acid elution or immersion treatment；Acid leaching
The acid used is washed as any one in hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acid concentration 0.1-1mol/L.
Wherein: biosurfactant is glycolipid, glucosides, cellulose, phytic acid, soya-bean oil, saponin, dextrin, starch, lignin
In any one or a few composition is mixed with water, the other compositions total amount in biosurfactant is in activator than water
In content be 0.01% ~ 2%；The solubilizer is sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hypochlorite, calcium chloride, phosphoric acid, lemon
Lemon acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, any one or a few in ammonium salt；Concentration range of the solubilizer in activator is 0.01% ~ 35%；Institute
The pH value for stating activator is 7 ~ 10, and the surface tension value of the activator is 15 ~ 45mN/m；The critical micell of the activator is dense
Degree are as follows: 50-250mg/L.
Wherein, the production method of porous material are as follows: host material, pore creating material are mixed with iron-based material, and water is added to pass through
Mold molding, 25-80 DEG C of temperature is dry, 400 DEG C of -800 DEG C of sintering, then obtains with organic acid effect 5min ~ 2h described porous
Material；The iron-based material accounts for 15% or more of porous material gross mass, and the host material is bentonite, sodium silicate, vulcanization
It is alkali, silica flour, calcite, gypsum, lime, cement, clay, diatomite, sepiolite, steel slag, one or more of in coal dust；It is described
Iron-based material is one or more in iron, iron oxide or iron ore, and iron content is greater than 48% in iron-based material.Pore creating material is carbonic acid
Hydrogen ammonium, polyvinyl alcohol, lignin, Tea Saponin, one or more of in carboxymethyl cellulose, the pore creating material quality is host material matter
The 5%-20% of amount.Organic acid is humic acid, xylonic acid, a kind or several in acetic acid, and the concentration of organic acid is 0.02%-2.0%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out on the basis of embodiment 1, part same as Example 1 in the present embodiment,
Content disclosed in embodiment 1 is please referred to be understood, 1 disclosure of embodiment should also be as the content as the present embodiment,
It is not repeated description herein.
Cd and Pb content is respectively 265.75mg/kg and 5912.5mg/kg in the soil of place.Activator is pressed and soil mass
Than 2:1 addition soil, (wherein the surfactant in activator is mixed with water and is constituted by glycolipid, lignin, soya-bean oil product；Glycolipid,
Lignin, soya-bean oil total amount account for the 0.05% of activator), cause soil wetting, stir 30 minutes, porous material is pressed and soil mass
Product is added than 1:2, mixing, then is stirred, 30 minutes, is sieved, is taken Soil K+adsorption.Cd and Pb content is respectively in surfactant
103.3mg/kg and 3345.2 mg/kg, Cd and Pb total amount reduces by 61.1% and 43.4% in soil
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out on the basis of embodiment 1, part same as Example 1 in the present embodiment,
Content disclosed in embodiment 1 is please referred to be understood, 1 disclosure of embodiment should also be as the content as the present embodiment,
It is not repeated description herein.
Cu, Zn and As content are respectively 2248.75mg/kg, 27475 mg/kg and 948.25 mg/kg in soil.Take work
Agent 10ml(activator contains 20% phosphoric acid, 0.1% phytic acid, 0.01% glycolipid), it is added in 10g soil, agitation, by solid porous material
Material is added to (in porous material: iron-based material 85%, carbon 2%, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 10%, polyvinyl alcohol 3%) by with soil volume ratio 1:1
In soil, stirs 20 minutes, by Magnetic Isolation, porous material is taken out, takes Soil K+adsorption, Cu, Zn and As content are respectively
1039.5mg/kg, 13185mg/kg and 381mg/kg, removal rate are respectively 53.8%, 52% and 59.8%.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out on the basis of embodiment 1, part same as Example 1 in the present embodiment,
Content disclosed in embodiment 1 is please referred to be understood, 1 disclosure of embodiment should also be as the content as the present embodiment,
It is not repeated description herein.
By the soil 5g of lead and cadmium pollution, activator 10mL is added, (preparation of activator: takes 10 mL containing 0.02% sandlwood
Glycolipid, with 0.1 molL-1 Acetic acid and ammonium hydroxide adjustment pH be 9), mixing oscillation stirring 10 minutes, be added porous material, make
After a period of time, porous material is separated, cadmium removal rate is up to 89.5% in soil, and lead removal rate is up to 81%.The original of porous material
Material includes clay, sepiolite and iron.The porous material of taking-up is impregnated 5 minutes in 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid and is regenerated.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is the improvement carried out on the basis of embodiment 1, part same as Example 1 in the present embodiment,
Content disclosed in embodiment 1 is please referred to be understood, 1 disclosure of embodiment should also be as the content as the present embodiment,
It is not repeated description herein.
By the soil 5g of lead and cadmium pollution, be added activator 10ml(activator containing 0.01% rhamnolipid, 0.02% glucosides,
0.01% soya-bean oil is 8.5), to vibrate 10 minutes with sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide and lemon acid for adjusting pH, porous material, porous material is added
The absorption and regeneration of material operate similarly to Example 4.Cadmium removal rate is up to 88%, and lead removal rate is up to 91%.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of restorative procedure that can reduce heavy metal in soil total amount, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) activator is pressed and is applied in soil with 1 ~ 3:1 of soil volume ratio, soil moisture content is kept to be greater than 45%, be mixed,
It is detached from heavy metal from soil particle, the ingredient of the activator includes biosurfactant and solubilizer；
2) porous material is pressed and is added to volume ratio 2:1 ~ 1:3 of soil with the soil after activator effect, is mixed,
Metallic element is set to be adsorbed onto porous material surface, iron content is greater than 5% in the ingredient of the porous material；
3) by screening or Magnetic Isolation, porous material is separated with soil；
The biosurfactant be glycolipid, glucosides, cellulose, phytic acid, soya-bean oil, saponin, dextrin, starch, in lignin
Any one or a few mixes composition with water, and the other compositions total amount in biosurfactant is in activator than water
Content is 0.01% ~ 2%；The solubilizer is sodium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, hypochlorite, calcium chloride, phosphoric acid, lemon
Acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, any one or a few in ammonium salt；Concentration range of the solubilizer in activator is 0.01% ~ 35%；It is described
The pH value of activator is 7 ~ 10, and the surface tension value of the activator is 15 ~ 45mN/m；
The production method of porous material are as follows: host material, pore creating material are mixed with iron-based material, and water is added to be molded,
25-80 DEG C of temperature is dry, 400 DEG C of -800 DEG C of sintering, then obtains the porous material with organic acid effect 5min ~ 2h；It is described
Iron-based material accounts for 15% or more of porous material gross mass, the host material be bentonite, sodium silicate, akali sulphide, silica flour,
It is calcite, gypsum, lime, cement, clay, diatomite, sepiolite, steel slag, one or more of in coal dust；The iron-based material is
One or more of in iron, iron oxide or iron ore, iron content is greater than 48% in iron-based material.
2. restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the critical micelle concentration of the activator are as follows: 50-
250mg/L。
3. restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pore creating material is ammonium hydrogen carbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, wood
Quality, Tea Saponin, one or more of in carboxymethyl cellulose, the pore creating material quality is the 5%-20% of substrate material quality.
4. restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: organic acid is humic acid, xylonic acid, a kind in acetic acid
Or it is several, the concentration of organic acid is 0.02%-2.0%.
5. restorative procedure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pass through step 3) porous material obtained after separation,
It is renewable to recycle by acid elution or immersion treatment；The acid that acid elution uses is appointing in hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid
It anticipates one kind, acid concentration 0.1-1mol/L.
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| CN108359475B (en) * | 2018-03-03 | 2020-06-02 | 湖南科技大学 | Humic acid soil heavy metal restoration agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108971211A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-11 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | A kind of method for comprehensive repairing of nickel contamination rice soil |
| CN108906875A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-30 | 安徽袁粮水稻产业有限公司 | A kind of method for comprehensive repairing of lead contamination rice soil |
| CN111036661A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-04-21 | 红河学院 | Method for adsorbing heavy metal arsenic in soil by filling stainless steel grating with magnetic cellulose microspheres |
| CN109943339B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2021-01-26 | 江苏爱佳福如土壤修复有限公司 | Silicon-rich soil conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109985899B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | 武夷学院 | Heavy metal contaminated soil treatment method |
| CN110293121B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-12-14 | 广东粤风环保有限公司 | Method for in-situ remediation of contaminated soil |
| CN110293120A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-01 | 广东粤风环保有限公司 | A kind of method of restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN110976506A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 纳琦绿能工程有限公司 | Curing and stabilizing repairing agent for polluted soil and repairing method thereof |
| CN111018094B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-04-01 | 南京公诚节能新材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of light biological filter material |
| CN112322304A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 浙江正峰生态环境工程有限公司 | Passivator and passivation method for soil heavy metal pollution treatment |
| CN112808242A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Magnetic repairing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113369297B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-07-15 | 广州华景建设有限公司 | Method for restoring soil for planting garden plants |
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| CN106861613B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2019-04-05 | 环境保护部华南环境科学研究所 | A kind of preparation method for the compound adsorbent absorbing heavy metal-polluted soil thallium |
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