CN107634535A - Flexible direct current electric network composition and its control method based on H7 CSC - Google Patents
Flexible direct current electric network composition and its control method based on H7 CSC Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flexible direct current electric network composition and its control method based on H7 CSC, structure includes DC side, transverter and AC, the transverter includes 7 bridge arms, wherein prime parallel branch is that SiC device for power switching is formed with Diode series, other 6 bridge arms are formed by one group of IGBT and Diode series, 6 bridge arms form full-bridge circuit, the big inductance of DC side series connection, energy storage efficiency is lifted using high temperature superconductor technology, AC forms second-order low-pass filter circuit by inductance, electric capacity, to filter out the higher hamonic wave for flowing into AC system.The present invention has eradicated the problem of commutation failure, and diode rectification path is not present during DC Line Fault, has DC Line Fault self-cleaning disposal ability, can carry out Fault Isolation and warm boot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of flexible direct current transmission, and particularly relates to a flexible direct current power grid structure based on H7-CSC and a control method thereof.
Background
With the development of clean energy and renewable energy, the traditional alternating current power grid has difficulty in meeting the requirements of renewable energy power generation and random fluctuation of load on quick response of the power grid. In a direct-current power grid, a converter can limit voltage fluctuation, a direct-current circuit breaker based on a power electronic technology can complete current breaking within ms-level time, and rapid adjustment of power flow can be achieved by matching with an operation control system.
At present, the converters that make up the dc grid can be divided into two categories: a Line-commutated converter (LCC) and a Voltage Source Converter (VSC). The LCC converter adopts a semi-controllable thyristor, needs an alternating current system to provide phase-change voltage, cannot supply power to a passive network, and is easy to cause phase-change failure when connected with a weak alternating current system. VSC transverter active and reactive can independent control, can be for the passive network power supply, but the fault current of VSC unable isolation direct current side, when direct current electric wire netting takes place short-circuit fault, VSC's electric capacity can discharge, produces very big direct current fault current, consequently, direct current electric wire netting based on VSC requires very high to the direct current circuit breaker at direct current circuit both ends, must can amputate very big direct current fault current, lead to direct current circuit breaker too expensive. In recent years, Current Source Converters (CSCs) coupled with VSCs have been used in theoretical development or engineering applications in the fields of motor driving, dynamic reactive power compensation, wind power integration, and the like. Similar to VSC, CSC has eradicated the commutation failure problem, and there is not diode rectification route during direct current trouble, have direct current trouble self-cleaning ability, make the overhead line of low price replace expensive cable to become possible, in addition, CSC's direct current side inductance can restrain the quick rise of direct current fault current, has reduced the requirement of direct current electric wire netting to direct current circuit breaker widely to greatly reduced direct current circuit breaker's cost.
Although the end-to-end direct current transmission system is relatively mature at present, a series of new problems are faced when the end-to-end direct current transmission system is developed into a direct current power grid, and the method is of positive significance to research of a CSC-based flexible direct current power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flexible direct current power grid structure based on H7-CSC and a control method thereof in order to solve the problems, the flexible direct current power grid structure can solve the problem of phase commutation failure, a diode rectifying path does not exist during direct current fault, the flexible direct current power grid structure has direct current fault self-clearing processing capacity, and fault isolation and system restart can be carried out.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the flexible direct current power grid structure based on the H7-CSC comprises a direct current side, a converter and an alternating current side, wherein the converter comprises 7 bridge arms, a front-stage parallel branch circuit is formed by connecting SiC power switching devices and diodes in series, other 6 bridge arms are formed by connecting a group of IGBTs and diodes in series, the 6 bridge arms form a full bridge circuit, the direct current side is connected with a large inductor in series, the energy storage efficiency is improved by utilizing a high-temperature superconducting technology, and the alternating current side is formed by an inductor and a capacitor to form a second-order low-pass filter circuit so as to filter higher harmonics flowing into an alternating current system.
Based on the modulation method with the structure, the modulation method is obtained by converting a two-value switching signal conversion function and a three-value switching signal conversion function on the basis of a VSC modulation mode, wherein the two-value switching signal conversion function and the three-value switching signal conversion function are
Wherein,Xjbeing binary switching signals, SjIs a three-value switching signal, j is a, b, c.
Before signal conversion, the input reference signal is modified correspondingly to counteract the increase of signal amplitude after the two-logic signal is converted into three-logic signalThe phenomenon that the phase lags by 30 degrees.
The parameter control method based on the structure performs closed-loop control on the active power, the reactive power and the direct current voltage at the alternating current side according to the relation between the active power and the reactive power at the alternating current side and the voltage value at the direct current side and the current at the alternating current side.
The starting control steps based on the structure are as follows:
(1) firstly, keeping the converter at each end locked, setting the trigger delay angle α of the rectifier to be 90 degrees, and setting the active and reactive reference values of H7-CSC to be 0;
(2) unlocking a rectifier, switching on an alternating current breaker, putting an alternating current filter and a reactance branch into the rectifier, and adjusting a trigger delay angle alpha from an initial value to a setting value according to a linear change rule;
(3) unlocking the inverter, and gradually adjusting the power reference value from the initial setting value to a rated value according to a linear change rule;
(4) the trigger delay angle is gradually reduced, the direct current voltage and the direct current are gradually increased until the voltage and the current reach a setting value, and the system is switched to a normal operation state.
The direct current fault removal control method based on the structure comprises the following steps:
(1) sending a locking signal to quickly lock the H7-CSC;
(2) the fixed α angle controller of the rectifier rapidly adjusts to rapidly increase the α angle to more than 90 degrees, and the rectifier operates in an inversion mode.
The system restart control is as follows:
(1) ensuring that the fault is completely eliminated;
(2) the system recovery process is the same as the starting process, and each reference value is linearly changed to a setting value from the initial state again;
(3) and when the voltage and the current of the system reach a setting value, the system is recovered to a stable operation state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the H7-CSC eliminates the problem of commutation failure, and has no diode rectifying path in the case of direct current fault, self-clearing processing capability of direct current fault, and capability of fault isolation and system restart.
(2) The H7-CSC adopts SiC power switch devices as the front-stage parallel branch of the converter, and replaces the traditional CSC bypass pair direct connection through the alternate conduction, thereby greatly reducing the switching times of the switch devices and further reducing the loss of the converter.
(3) The series inductance on the direct current side can limit the rapid increase of direct current fault current, and greatly reduces the requirement on the capacity of switching on and off the direct current of the direct current breaker.
(4) The H7-CSC inverter solves the problem that the traditional direct current transmission can not supply power to a passive network or a weak power grid, and the rectifier can play a role in stabilizing direct current voltage.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an H7-CSC topology;
FIG. 2 is a two-value and three-value switch signal conversion table;
FIG. 3 is a logic circuit of a two/three logic signal conversion module;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the H7-CSC modulation module;
FIG. 5 is a steady state equivalent circuit schematic of the H7-CSC;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-terminal flexible direct current power grid based on H7-CSC.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience of describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present invention, and are not intended to refer to any parts or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and mean either a fixed connection or an integrally connected or detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific situations by persons skilled in the relevant scientific or technical field, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As described in the background art, in the prior art, the LCC converter adopts a semi-controllable thyristor, an alternating current system is required to provide a commutation voltage, a passive network cannot be supplied with power, and commutation failure is easily caused when a weak alternating current system is connected. The VSC cannot isolate fault current on a direct current side, when a direct current power grid has a short-circuit fault, the capacitance of the VSC can be discharged, and the defect of large direct current fault current is generated, so that the technical problem is solved, and the application provides a novel topological H7-CSC modulation mode and a novel topological H7-CSC control mode;
the invention also provides a method for building the three-terminal flexible direct-current power grid based on the H7-CSC and a control strategy thereof, wherein the control strategy comprises stable operation control, direct-current fault removal control, system restart control and the like.
Example 1
In a typical embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the H7-CSC topology, converter has 7 legs, of which the front-stage parallel branchesSwitch T7Is a novel SiC power switch device, and a diode D7In series connection, the other 6 bridge arms are all formed by one group of IGBT (T)1-T6) And diode (D)1-D6) Are connected in series. Large inductance L connected in series at DC sidedcThe energy storage efficiency can be improved by using a high-temperature superconducting technology. And the alternating current side forms a second-order low-pass filter circuit by an inductor L and a capacitor C so as to filter out higher harmonics flowing into an alternating current system.
The invention adopts a method of conversion based on the modulation mode of the VSC to obtain the modulation mode of the CSC. The bridge arm switching signal of the three-phase VSC is a two-logic switching function, and one of the upper and lower bridge arms of each phase is in a conducting state, namelyWhere 1 indicates upper arm conduction and-1 indicates lower arm conduction.
The modulation signal of the three-phase CSC is a three-logic switching function which can be controlled byThe compound (I) is obtained by reacting a compound represented by the formula,1 indicates that the upper bridge arm is conducted, -1 indicates that the lower bridge arm is conducted, and 0 indicates that the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm are both conducted or are not conducted. The comparison relationship between the two-value and three-value switch signals is shown in FIG. 2.
Through SPWM modulation, the two-logic modulation signal of the three-phase VSC can be changed into the three-logic modulation signal of the three-phase CSC through a two-value and three-value switching signal conversion function. Since the H7-CSC topology is employed herein, NULL STATE only requires T7On and the remaining switches latch up, thus requiring a NULL state logic operation process that is different from the normal CSC. Based on T7The logic circuit for converting two logic signals into three logic signals is shown in FIG. 3, X1-X6Modulated signal, S, for three-phase VSC1-S7Is a modulation signal of three-phase H7-CSC.
However, two logic signals becomeAfter converting to three logic signals, the amplitude will be increased toThe phase lags by 30. Therefore, before signal conversion, the input reference signal needs to be modified accordingly. The whole modulation process is shown in FIG. 4, MAref、MBref、MCrefFor an input three-phase reference signal, S1-S7Is a switch modulation signal of H7-CSC.
The steady state equivalent circuit of H7-CSC is shown in FIG. 5, idcIs a direct current udcIs a direct voltage ipdAnd ipqThe dq-axis components, i, of the current flowing from the converter into the AC systemcdAnd icqDq-axis components, i, of the AC-side currents flowing into the filter capacitors, respectivelysdAnd isqAre the dq-axis components, u, of the AC side current, respectivelysdAnd usqThe dq-axis component of the AC side line voltage, PsAnd QsRespectively the active power and the reactive power flowing to the AC side and the AC side line voltage phase quantityThe direction is the d-axis direction, then usd＝Us，usq＝0。
Relating to the alternating side current i by kirchhoff's lawsdAnd isqComplex equation of (a): -jXC(icd+jicq)+jXL(isd+jisq)＝-(usd+jusq)＝-Us，icd+jicq+ipd+jipq＝isd+jisq. The two formulas are combined to obtain:
whereby the active power flowing into the ac system is calculatedReactive powerAnd a DC side voltage
By Ps、Qs、UdcAnd ipd、ipqThe mathematical relation between the two can realize the closed-loop control of active power, reactive power and direct current voltage.
Example 2
By adopting the H7-CSC in embodiment 1 as the basic converter of the dc power grid, the problem that the VSC cannot isolate the dc fault current can be avoided, and the operating loss of the conventional CSC is reduced by using the novel SiC device as the pre-stage parallel branch.
However, a dc grid built using H7-CSC alone cannot guarantee that the dc side voltage stabilizes around a specified voltage level, and therefore, the LCC rectifier is used herein to provide a stable dc voltage.
the LCC rectifier uses 12-pulse bipolar structure to reduce harmonic component, and its control mode adopts fixed alpha angle control and utilizes formula Udc＝1.35Uscos α yields the α angle for a given DC voltage reference, where Usrepresenting the ac side line voltage, α is the triggered delay angle.
The H7-CSC is controlled in a manner similar to the VSC outer loop control, and constant active power control and constant reactive power control are adopted.
In order to maintain a symmetrical structure with the LCC, when a direct current network is built, the H7-CSC also adopts a bipolar structure, the modulation and control modes of two monopoles are kept the same, and the three-terminal direct current network structure is shown in FIG. 6.
Example 3
In this embodiment, referring to the starting processes of other types of direct current power grids, a starting control strategy of an LCC-CSC three-terminal hybrid direct current power transmission system is formulated, and the specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) firstly, keeping the converter at each end locked, setting the trigger delay angle α of the LCC rectifier to be 90 degrees, and setting the active and reactive reference value of H7-CSC to be 0;
(2) unlocking a rectifier, switching on an alternating current breaker, putting an alternating current filter and a reactance branch into the rectifier, and adjusting a trigger delay angle alpha from an initial value to a setting value according to a linear change rule;
(3) unlocking the inverter, and gradually adjusting the power reference value from the initial setting value to a rated value according to a linear change rule;
(4) the trigger delay angle is gradually reduced, the direct current voltage and the direct current are gradually increased until the voltage and the current reach a setting value, and the system is switched to a normal operation state.
When a short-circuit fault occurs in a direct-current line, the system needs to perform the following control to quickly eliminate the fault:
(1) sending a locking signal to quickly lock the H7-CSC;
(2) the fixed α angle controller of the LCC rectifier rapidly adjusts to rapidly increase the α angle to more than 90 degrees, and the LCC operates in an inversion mode.
After ensuring that the fault is completely eliminated, the system can be restarted. And releasing the blocking signal, wherein the recovery process is the same as the starting process, and each reference value is linearly changed to the setting value from the initial state again until the system is recovered to the stable operation state.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Flexible direct current network structure based on H7-CSC, characterized by: the converter comprises 7 bridge arms, wherein a front-stage parallel branch is formed by connecting SiC power switching devices and diodes in series, other 6 bridge arms are formed by connecting a group of IGBTs and diodes in series, the 6 bridge arms form a full bridge circuit, the direct current side is connected with a large inductor in series, the energy storage efficiency is improved by utilizing a high-temperature superconducting technology, and the alternating current side is formed by an inductor and a capacitor to form a second-order low-pass filter circuit so as to filter out higher harmonics flowing into an alternating current system.
2. A modulation method based on the structure of claim 1, characterized in that: based on VSC modulation mode, conversion is carried out by using conversion function of two-value switching signal and three-value switching signal, the conversion function of two-value switching signal and three-value switching signal is
<mrow> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>&lsqb;</mo> <mi>C</mi> <mo>&rsqb;</mo> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <mfenced open = "[" close = "]"> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>a</mi> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <msub> <mi>X</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> </mrow>
Wherein,Xjbeing binary switching signals, SjIs a three-value switching signal, j is a, b, c.
3. The modulation method according to claim 2,the method is characterized in that: before signal conversion, the input reference signal is modified correspondingly to counteract the increase of signal amplitude after the two-logic signal is converted into three-logic signalThe phenomenon that the phase lags by 30 degrees.
4. A method for controlling parameters based on the architecture of claim 1, characterized in that: and performing closed-loop control on the active power, the reactive power and the direct-current voltage at the alternating-current side according to the relationship between the active power and the reactive power at the alternating-current side and the voltage value at the direct-current side and the current at the alternating-current side.
5. The startup control method based on the structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, keeping the converter at each end locked, setting the trigger delay angle α of the rectifier to be 90 degrees, and setting the active and reactive reference values of H7-CSC to be 0;
(2) unlocking a rectifier, switching on an alternating current breaker, putting an alternating current filter and a reactance branch into the rectifier, and adjusting a trigger delay angle alpha from an initial value to a setting value according to a linear change rule;
(3) unlocking the inverter, and gradually adjusting the power reference value from the initial setting value to a rated value according to a linear change rule;
(4) the trigger delay angle is gradually reduced, the direct current voltage and the direct current are gradually increased until the voltage and the current reach a setting value, and the system is switched to a normal operation state.
6. The direct-current fault removal control method based on the structure of claim 1, characterized by comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) sending a locking signal to quickly lock the H7-CSC;
(2) the fixed α angle controller of the rectifier rapidly adjusts to rapidly increase the α angle to more than 90 degrees, and the rectifier operates in an inversion mode.
7. The restart control method according to the structure of claim 1, wherein:
(1) ensuring that the fault is completely eliminated;
(2) the system recovery process is the same as the starting process, and each reference value is linearly changed to a setting value from the initial state again;
(3) and when the voltage and the current of the system reach a setting value, the system is recovered to a stable operation state.
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