CN107632892B - Parameter transmission method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parameter transmission method, which comprises the steps of setting a parameter area in a Kernel program (Kernel) package, and presetting transmission parameter information in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the Kernels in the Kernel package; before guiding the Kernel to start, correcting the transmission parameter information according to an operating environment; and acquiring Kernel operation information of the Kernel set in the parameter area in the operation process. The invention also discloses a parameter transmission device.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an operating system boot technology, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for parameter delivery.
Background
In a traditional operating system boot process, a boot loader (bootloader) needs to transfer some necessary parameters, such as a page size, a starting address and a size of a memory, and other running environment information to an operating system Kernel (Kernel); in the Linux system, this information is stored in a tag structure.
In the existing parameter transmission mechanism, the format of the parameter is relatively fixed, so that the parameter is inconvenient to be customized individually; the transmission objects of the parameters are limited to Kernel, and a method for obtaining the parameters by other modules except the Kernel is not realized; and, the parameter transfer is unidirectional, that is, the parameter can only be transferred from bootloader to Kernel, and the Kernel cannot transfer the parameter to bootloader.
Therefore, how to realize bidirectional parameter transmission between the bootloader and the Kernel, realize parameter transmission customization, and improve parameter transmission flexibility is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention are expected to provide a method and an apparatus for parameter transmission, which can implement bidirectional parameter transmission between bootloader and Kernel, implement parameter transmission customization, and improve parameter transmission flexibility.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a parameter transmission method, which comprises the following steps: setting a parameter area in a Kernel package, and presetting transmission parameter information in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the Kernels in the Kernel package; the method further comprises the following steps:
before guiding the Kernel to start, correcting the transmission parameter information according to an operating environment;
and acquiring Kernel operation information of the Kernel set in the parameter area in the operation process.
In the foregoing solution, the providing parameter information required for operation to the Kernel in the Kernel package includes:
and providing the operating environment parameter information in the Kernel starting process and/or providing the operating parameter information required in the Kernel operating process for the Kernel.
In the foregoing solution, the modifying the transmission parameter information according to the operating environment includes:
determining a Kernel package for booting in a system non-volatile memory;
and modifying the transmission parameter information in the Kernel package for starting according to the operating environment.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises:
setting first upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the first upgrading information is used for providing information required by bootloader upgrading;
setting the bootloader upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the first upgrade information includes: the first upgrade system comprises a first upgrade trigger flag, and/or a first upgrade status flag, and/or first upgrade target file location information, and/or first upgrade target file size information, and/or first upgrade target partition information.
In the above scheme, the method further comprises:
setting second upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the second upgrading information is used for providing information required by Kernel upgrading;
setting the Kernel upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the second upgrade information includes: a second upgrade status flag, and/or second upgrade target partition information.
In the above scheme, the Kernel operating information set in the parameter region in the operating process of the Kernel includes: restart information stored by the Kernel in the parameter area;
the restart information includes: a restart flag, and/or restart log information;
and the restart flag bit is used for indicating the system restart reason to the bootloader.
In the foregoing solution, the transmitting parameter information further includes: compile time, and/or version number, and/or version type of Kernel.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for parameter transmission, which comprises: the device comprises a setting module, a correcting module and an acquiring module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the setting module is used for setting a parameter area in the Kernel package and presetting transmission parameter information in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the Kernels in the Kernel package;
the correction module is used for correcting the transmission parameter information according to an operating environment before guiding the Kernel to start;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the Kernel operation information of the Kernel set in the parameter area in the operation process.
In the foregoing solution, the providing parameter information required for operation to the Kernel in the Kernel package includes:
and providing the operating environment parameter information in the Kernel starting process and/or providing the operating parameter information required in the Kernel operating process for the Kernel.
In the foregoing solution, the modification module is specifically configured to:
determining a Kernel package for booting in a system non-volatile memory;
and modifying the transmission parameter information in the Kernel package for starting according to the operating environment.
In the foregoing solution, the setting module is further configured to:
setting first upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the first upgrading information is used for providing information required by bootloader upgrading;
setting the bootloader upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the first upgrade information includes: the first upgrade system comprises a first upgrade trigger flag, and/or a first upgrade status flag, and/or first upgrade target file location information, and/or first upgrade target file size information, and/or first upgrade target partition information.
In the foregoing solution, the setting module is further configured to: setting second upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the second upgrading information is used for providing information required by Kernel upgrading;
setting the Kernel upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the second upgrade information includes: a second upgrade status flag, and/or second upgrade target partition information.
In the foregoing solution, the obtaining module is further configured to: acquiring restart information stored in the parameter area by the Kernel;
the restart information includes: a restart flag, and/or restart log information;
and the restart flag bit is used for indicating the system restart reason to the bootloader.
In the foregoing solution, the transmitting parameter information further includes: compile time, and/or version number, and/or version type of Kernel
According to the method and the device for parameter transmission, provided by the embodiment of the invention, a parameter area is set in a Kernel package, and transmission parameter information is preset in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the Kernels in the Kernel package; before guiding the Kernel to start, the bootloader corrects the transmission parameter information according to the running environment; and the bootloader acquires the Kernel running information of the Kernel set in the parameter area in the running process. Therefore, the bootloader and the Kernel can realize the bidirectional transmission of parameters in the parameter area, and realize the customization of parameter transmission by presetting transmission parameter information, thereby improving the flexibility of parameter transmission.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for parameter delivery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Kernel package according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating bootloader upgrade steps according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a Kernel upgrade procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for parameter transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the invention, a parameter area is set in a Kernel package, and transmission parameter information is preset in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the Kernels in the Kernel package; before guiding the Kernel to start, correcting the transmission parameter information according to an operating environment; and acquiring Kernel operation information of the Kernel set in the parameter area in the operation process.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for parameter transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 101: setting a parameter area in a Kernel package, and presetting transmission parameter information in the parameter area;
here, the passing parameter information is used for providing parameter information required for operation for the Kernel in the Kernel package;
generally, after a standard Kernel is compiled and generated, combining magic numbers, burning a combination file of the two into a nonvolatile memory of a system such as Flash, and guiding the Kernel to start by a bootloader when the system is started; here, the combination file of the magic number and the Kernel is taken as a Kernel package; more than 1 Kernel packet can be stored in the memory; the magic number is composed of a group of specific numbers, the bootloader can distinguish different Kernel packets through the magic number, and effective Kernel packets are searched in the FLASH;
as shown in fig. 2, a parameter area may be set in the Kernel packet; the parameter area can be set between the magic number and the Kernel, and the parameter area becomes a file header of the Kernel packet; the parameter information can be transmitted in the parameter area according to the parameter setting required by Kernel starting or running in advance; the transfer parameter information may be set to an initialization state;
further, the transferring parameter information includes: operating environment parameter information in the Kernel starting process and/or providing operating parameter information required in the Kernel operating process; here, the operating environment parameter information includes: the size of a memory page, the initial address and the size of the memory and the like; the operation parameter information comprises parameter information required by different Kernels in the operation process, such as the occupation condition of a memory partition; the transfer parameter information may further include: compilation time of Kernel, and/or version number, and/or version type.
In practical application, the transmission parameter information, the magic number and the Kernel can be combined together into a final burning file in a file form; for example, in a Linux system, a standard Kernel, uImage in a Linux system environment, may be compiled and generated first; preparing a transmission parameter information file, wherein the file contains an initial value of a parameter to be transmitted; then, file processing tools such as buildImage and the like are operated, and the transmission parameter information file, the uImage and the magic number are combined into a burning file in a file header form; and finally, burning the burning file into a FLASH and other memories.
Because the parameter area exists in the memory, other modules can also read the transmission parameter information of the parameter area in the system operation process; the problem that bootloader transmits parameters to Kernel and other modules cannot be acquired is solved.
Step 102: before guiding the Kernel to start, correcting the transmission parameter information according to an operating environment;
after the system is started, the bootloader guides the Kernel to start; the bootloader traverses the memory, searches all available Kernels, and determines the Kernels needing to be started; here, the Kernel that needs to be started may be determined according to the Kernel version number in the transfer parameter information; after determining the Kernel to be started, the bootloader can read a parameter area in a Kernel package to which the Kernel to be started belongs from a memory, determine transmission parameter information of the parameter area, and acquire parameter information required by the startup of the Kernel; the bootloader can modify the transmission parameter information according to the information such as the current operating environment and the like; for example, according to parameter information such as page size, start address and size of a Random Access Memory (DDR SD-RAM) of a current system, the Random Access Memory parameter information in an initial state in the transfer parameter information may be corrected;
after the transmission parameter information is modified, the bootloader carries the Kernel to be started to a DDR SD-RAM and other memories, and guides the Kernel to be started;
and after the Kernel is started, reading the transmission parameter information of the parameter area in the Kernel packet corresponding to the Kernel, thereby acquiring the parameters transmitted by the bootloader.
Step 103: acquiring Kernel operation information of the Kernel set in the parameter area in the operation process;
here, in the Kernel running process, the Kernel running information in the running process, such as running flag information or log information, may be stored in a parameter region corresponding to the Kernel running information, and after the system is restarted, the bootloader may obtain the Kernel running information in the parameter region and perform corresponding processing; thus, the information transmission of Kernel to bootloader is completed;
if in the Kernel operation process, the system is restarted; generally, bootloader cannot know the restart reason, so that processing cannot be performed; here, the Kernel can set a restart flag bit in the parameter area before restarting, and the restart flag bit informs the bootloader of the restart reason, such as user instruction restart, Kernel upgrade completion restart, system crash restart, and the like; and the logs during restarting can be stored in the parameter area, and the bootloader can determine the problems through the restarting logs and perform corresponding processing, such as memory reallocation and the like.
Furthermore, first upgrading information can be set in the parameter transmission information of the parameter area; the first upgrading information is used for providing information required by bootloader upgrading; the first upgrade information includes: a first upgrade trigger flag, and/or a first upgrade status flag, and/or first upgrade target file location information, and/or first upgrade target file size information, and/or first upgrade target partition information; here, the first upgrade information may be burned in advance when burning a Kernel package, or may be set after the system runs; after the system is restarted, the bootloader acquires first upgrading information and carries out bootloader upgrading;
specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the bootloader upgrading according to the first upgrade information includes the following steps:
and 305, finally, writing bootloader upgrading result information, such as bootloader upgrading state marks and the like, into the transmission parameter information of the parameter area, and acquiring the bootloader upgrading result by reading the transmission parameter information by the Kernel or other modules.
Furthermore, second upgrading information can be set in the parameter information transmitted by the parameter area; the second upgrading information is used for providing information required by Kernel upgrading; the second upgrade information includes: a second upgrade status flag, and/or second upgrade target partition information, etc.;
specifically, as shown in fig. 4, performing Kernel upgrade according to the second upgrade information includes the following steps:
step 401: if the Kernel upgrading process is triggered in the system operation, entering step 402;
step 402: downloading a new version of Kernel package to a memory;
step 403: reading the transmission parameter information of the parameter area of the Kernel packet of the new version, and checking whether the version is an effective upgradable version through information such as the version number and the like;
step 404: if the version is the effective upgradable version, burning a new version of Kernel package to a target partition specified in the transmission parameter information;
step 405: and after the burning is finished, setting the upgrading state mark to be 1 to indicate that the upgrading is successful, and writing the Kernel upgrading result information such as the Kernel upgrading state mark into the transmission parameter information of the parameter area for subsequent bootloader and the like to read.
As shown in fig. 5, the method for parameter transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a setting module 51, a correcting module 52 and an obtaining module 53; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the setting module 51 is configured to set a parameter area in the Kernel packet, and preset transfer parameter information in the parameter area;
here, the passing parameter information is used for providing parameter information required for operation for the Kernel in the Kernel package;
generally, after a standard Kernel is generated by compiling, combining magic numbers, burning a combination file of the two into a memory such as Flash, and guiding the Kernel to start by a bootloader when a system is started; here, the combination file of the magic number and the Kernel is taken as a Kernel package; more than 1 Kernel packet can be stored in the memory; the magic number is composed of a group of specific numbers, the bootloader can distinguish different Kernel packets through the magic number, and effective Kernel packets are searched in the FLASH;
as shown in fig. 2, a parameter area may be set in the Kernel packet; the parameter area can be set between the magic number and the Kernel, and the parameter area becomes a file header of the Kernel packet; the parameter information can be transmitted in the parameter area according to the parameter setting required by Kernel starting or running in advance; the transfer parameter information may be set to an initialization state;
further, the transferring parameter information includes: operating environment parameter information in the Kernel starting process and/or providing operating parameter information required in the Kernel operating process; here, the operating environment parameter information includes: the size of a memory page, the initial address and the size of the memory and the like; the operation parameter information comprises parameter information required by different Kernels in the operation process, such as the occupation condition of a memory partition; the transfer parameter information may further include: compilation time of Kernel, and/or version number, and/or version type.
In practical application, the transmission parameter information, the magic number and the Kernel can be combined together into a final burning file in a file form; for example, in a Linux system, a standard Kernel, uImage in a Linux system environment, may be compiled and generated first; preparing a transmission parameter information file, wherein the file contains an initial value of a parameter to be transmitted; then, file processing tools such as buildImage and the like are operated, and the transmission parameter information file, the uImage and the magic number are combined into a burning file in a file header form; and finally, burning the burning file into a FLASH and other memories.
Because the parameter area exists in the memory, other modules can also read the transmission parameter information of the parameter area in the system operation process; the problem that bootloader transmits parameters to Kernel and other modules cannot be acquired is solved.
The correction module 52 is configured to correct the transmission parameter information according to an operating environment before guiding the Kernel to start;
after the system is started, the bootloader guides the Kernel to start; the bootloader traverses the memory, searches all available Kernels, and determines the Kernels needing to be started; here, the Kernel that needs to be started may be determined according to the Kernel version number in the transfer parameter information; after determining the Kernel to be started, the bootloader can read a parameter area in a Kernel package to which the Kernel to be started belongs from a memory, determine transmission parameter information of the parameter area, and acquire parameter information required by the startup of the Kernel; the bootloader can modify the transmission parameter information according to the information such as the current operating environment and the like; for example, parameter information of the random access memory in an initial state in the transfer parameter information can be corrected according to parameter information such as the page size, the initial address and the size of the random access memory such as a DDR SD-RAM of the current system;
after the transmission parameter information is modified, the bootloader carries the Kernel to be started to a DDR SD-RAM and other memories, and guides the Kernel to be started;
and after the Kernel is started, reading the transmission parameter information of the parameter area in the Kernel packet corresponding to the Kernel, thereby acquiring the parameters transmitted by the bootloader.
The obtaining module 53 is configured to obtain Kernel operation information of the Kernel set in the parameter region in an operation process;
here, in the Kernel running process, the Kernel running information in the running process, such as running flag information or log information, may be stored in a parameter region corresponding to the Kernel running information, and after the system is restarted, the bootloader may obtain the Kernel running information in the parameter region and perform corresponding processing; thus, the information transmission of Kernel to bootloader is completed;
if in the Kernel operation process, the system is restarted; generally, bootloader cannot know the restart reason, so that processing cannot be performed; here, the Kernel can set a restart flag bit in the parameter area before restarting, and the restart flag bit informs the bootloader of the restart reason, such as user instruction restart, Kernel upgrade completion restart, system crash restart, and the like; and the logs during restarting can be stored in the parameter area, and the bootloader can determine the problems through the restarting logs and perform corresponding processing, such as memory reallocation and the like.
Further, the setting module 51 may further set first upgrade information in the parameter area transmission parameter information; the first upgrading information is used for providing information required by bootloader upgrading; the first upgrade information includes: a first upgrade trigger flag, and/or a first upgrade status flag, and/or first upgrade target file location information, and/or first upgrade target file size information, and/or first upgrade target partition information; here, the first upgrade information may be burned in advance when burning a Kernel package, or may be set after the system runs; after the system is restarted, the bootloader acquires first upgrading information and carries out bootloader upgrading;
specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the bootloader upgrading according to the first upgrade information includes the following steps:
and 305, finally, writing bootloader upgrading result information, such as bootloader upgrading state marks and the like, into the transmission parameter information of the parameter area, and acquiring the bootloader upgrading result by reading the transmission parameter information by the Kernel or other modules.
Further, the setting module 51 may also set second upgrade information in the parameter area transmission parameter information; the second upgrading information is used for providing information required by Kernel upgrading; the second upgrade information includes: a second upgrade status flag, and/or second upgrade target partition information, etc.;
specifically, as shown in fig. 4, performing Kernel upgrade according to the second upgrade information includes the following steps:
step 401: if the Kernel upgrading process is triggered in the system operation, entering step 402;
step 402: downloading a new version of Kernel package to a memory;
step 403: reading the transmission parameter information of the parameter area of the Kernel packet of the new version, and checking whether the version is an effective upgradable version through information such as the version number and the like;
step 404: if the version is the effective upgradable version, burning a new version of Kernel package to a target partition specified in the transmission parameter information;
step 405: and after the burning is finished, setting the upgrading state mark to be 1 to indicate that the upgrading is successful, and writing the Kernel upgrading result information such as the Kernel upgrading state mark into the transmission parameter information of the parameter area for subsequent bootloader and the like to read.
In practical applications, the setting module 51 may be implemented by an external computer system or the like; the correction module 52 and the acquisition module 53 may be implemented by a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Microprocessor (MPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like of a system in which the operating system is located.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A method of parameter delivery, the method comprising: setting a parameter area in a kernel program package, and presetting transmission parameter information in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the kernel program in the kernel program package; the method further comprises the following steps:
before the kernel program is guided to start, the transmission parameter information is corrected according to the running environment;
and acquiring the kernel program running information set in the parameter area in the running process of the kernel program.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the providing parameter information required for running to the kernel program in the kernel package comprises:
and providing the running environment parameter information in the starting process of the kernel program and/or providing the running parameter information required in the running process of the kernel program for the kernel program.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein modifying the transfer parameter information according to the operating environment comprises:
determining a kernel package for booting in a system non-volatile memory;
and modifying the transmission parameter information in the kernel program package for starting according to the running environment.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting first upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the first upgrading information is used for providing information required by the bootstrap bootloader during upgrading;
setting the bootloader upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the first upgrade information includes: the first upgrade system comprises a first upgrade trigger flag, and/or a first upgrade status flag, and/or first upgrade target file location information, and/or first upgrade target file size information, and/or first upgrade target partition information.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
setting second upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the second upgrading information is used for providing information required by kernel program upgrading;
setting the kernel program upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the second upgrade information includes: a second upgrade status flag, and/or second upgrade target partition information.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the kernel program setting kernel program running information in the parameter area during running of the kernel program comprises: the kernel program stores the restart information in the parameter area;
the restart information includes: a restart flag, and/or restart log information;
and the restart flag bit is used for indicating the system restart reason to the bootloader.
7. The method of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said communicating parameter information further comprises: compile time, and/or version number, and/or version type of kernel program.
8. An apparatus for parameter delivery, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a setting module, a correcting module and an acquiring module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the setting module is used for setting a parameter area in the kernel program package and presetting transmission parameter information in the parameter area; the transmission parameter information is used for providing parameter information required by operation for the kernel program in the kernel program package;
the correction module is used for correcting the transmission parameter information according to the running environment before guiding the kernel program to start;
the obtaining module is configured to obtain kernel program operation information set in the parameter area during an operation process of the kernel program.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said providing parameter information required for operation to the kernel program in the kernel package comprises:
and providing the running environment parameter information in the starting process of the kernel program and/or providing the running parameter information required in the running process of the kernel program for the kernel program.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the modification module is specifically configured to:
determining a kernel package for booting in a system non-volatile memory;
and modifying the transmission parameter information in the kernel program package for starting according to the running environment.
11. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the setup module is further configured to:
setting first upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the first upgrading information is used for providing information required by bootloader upgrading;
setting the bootloader upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the first upgrade information includes: the first upgrade system comprises a first upgrade trigger flag, and/or a first upgrade status flag, and/or first upgrade target file location information, and/or first upgrade target file size information, and/or first upgrade target partition information.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the setup module is further configured to: setting second upgrading information in the transmission parameter information; the second upgrading information is used for providing information required by kernel program upgrading;
setting the kernel program upgrading result information into the transmission parameter information;
the second upgrade information includes: a second upgrade status flag, and/or second upgrade target partition information.
13. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the obtaining module is further configured to: acquiring restart information stored in the parameter area by the kernel program;
the restart information includes: a restart flag, and/or restart log information;
and the restart flag bit is used for indicating the system restart reason to the bootloader.
14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein the transferring parameter information further comprises: compile time, and/or version number, and/or version type of kernel program.
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| PCT/CN2017/089076 WO2018014687A1 (en) | 2016-07-18 | 2017-06-19 | Parameter passing method and apparatus, and computer storage medium |
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| CN102541572A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method, system and device for realizing guide of operating system kernel |
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