CN107631880B - The attached wall film combustion experimental provision and method to be ignited based on spray burning - Google Patents

The attached wall film combustion experimental provision and method to be ignited based on spray burning Download PDF

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CN107631880B
CN107631880B CN201710773867.4A CN201710773867A CN107631880B CN 107631880 B CN107631880 B CN 107631880B CN 201710773867 A CN201710773867 A CN 201710773867A CN 107631880 B CN107631880 B CN 107631880B
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fuel
constant volume
combustion
temperature
wall
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CN107631880A (en
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刘福水
吴晗
岑春泽
李峰
孙谦博
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited based on spray burning and test methods, and in experiment, constant volume combustion bomb inner cavity is pre-filled with gas by gas handling system, and oxygen concentration is adjustable;The body temperature of constant volume combustion bomb is heated to heavy fuel autoignition temperature or more by heating rod, but is lower than light Fuel autoignition temperature;Wall surface temperature is heated to the preset value of simulated engine inside wall of cylinder face temperature;Light Fuel fuel injector forms attached wall oil film to the wall jet light liquid fuel;Heavy fuel fuel injector, which injects fuel into high temperature, to be held in bullet, and spontaneous combustion forms flame and sprays to the light Fuel oil film to be formed, and is ignited.The present invention sends out engine cylinder inner wall temperature condition using wall surface heated mould, using the autoignition temperature difference of light Fuel and heavy fuel, firebomb temperature is adjusted, heavy fuel spontaneous combustion is made, ignite attached wall oil film later, with the attached wall film combustion phenomenon in simulated engine.

Description

The attached wall film combustion experimental provision and method to be ignited based on spray burning
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provisions, and in particular to a kind of attached wall film combustion experiment ignited based on spray burning Device and experimental method.
Background technique
For in-cylinder direct fuel-injection engine, as it develops to miniaturized structure and the direction of high pressure-charging, high injection pressure, combustion Material is easy to hit and be attached on cylinder wall and piston wall due to evaporation time is limited etc. to form attached wall oil film, causes reality Border fuel loss, increases pollutant emission.At the same time, the burning of attached wall oil film can cause cylinder wall and piston face Local temperature increases, if the fusing point that temperature is higher than alloy material can generate ablation phenomen, badly damaged engine.It therefore, can be with The method for inhibiting ablation phenomen is studied from adhesion combustion direction.
Previous research mostly studies adhesion combustion from the angle of fuel film vaporization, few to see attached wall film combustion Report.Appeared in the newspapers is also to be realized by the angle of numerical simulation.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the characteristics of according to attached wall film combustion, the present invention provides the attached wall to be ignited based on spray burning oil Film combustion experimental device and experimental method, with the attached wall film combustion phenomenon in simulated engine.
Engine cylinder inner wall temperature condition is sent out by holding bullet wall surface heated mould.Utilize light Fuel (such as gasoline) and heavy The autoignition temperature difference of fuel (such as diesel oil) adjusts firebomb temperature, makes heavy fuel spontaneous combustion, ignite attached wall oil film later.From And avoiding in light Fuel injection process can not form oil film there is a phenomenon where burning.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention is realized in this way.
A kind of attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited based on spray burning, including the constant volume with optical window (5) Firebomb, constant volume combustion bomb are disposed with the wall surface of controllable heater strip, light Fuel fuel injector, heavy fuel fuel injector, cylinder pressure and pass Sensor and heating rod;Light Fuel fuel injector is directed at wall surface;Constant volume combustion bomb is externally provided with gas handling system, exhaust system, system control Unit, optic testing system and digital data recording system processed;Gas handling system and exhaust system respectively with the inlet and outlet of constant volume combustion bomb Mouth is connected;The heater strip of system control unit and wall surface, heavy fuel fuel injector, cylinder pressure sensor, adds light Fuel fuel injector Hot pin, gas handling system, exhaust system, digital data recording system are connected, and realize control and data collection;
The body temperature of constant volume combustion bomb is heated to heavy fuel autoignition temperature or more by heating rod, but is lower than light Fuel Autoignition temperature;System control unit controls wall surface temperature, simulated engine inside wall of cylinder face;Light Fuel fuel injector is to the wall surface Light liquid fuel is sprayed, attached wall oil film is formed;Heavy fuel is sprayed into high temperature by heavy fuel fuel injector to be held in bullet, and spontaneous combustion is formed Flame sprays to the attached wall oil film of light Fuel, and is ignited;
Optic testing system records the flame combustion process of wall surface by optical window, and the pictorial information of record is sent to Digital data recording system;Cylinder pressure sensor records the combustion pressure of the included wall oil film of constant volume combustion bomb, for analyzing combustion heat release rule Rule.
Preferably, by adjusting the injection pressure and distributive value of light Fuel fuel injector, liquid fuel is adjusted in wall surface Oil film shape, size and the thickness that upper surface is formed.
Preferably, the gas handling system is passed through the mixed gas of oxygen, nitrogen to constant volume combustion bomb in advance, by adjusting oxygen Gas, the mixing proportion of nitrogen and premixed combustion initial pressure change the initial environment condition of adhesion combustion.
Preferably, wall surface is fixed on the lower center position of constant volume combustion bomb, and temperature-controllable is wherein embedded with inside wall surface Heater strip;Light Fuel fuel injector is arranged in the upper end of constant volume combustion bomb one side, and nozzle is at an angle against wall surface Center;Heavy fuel fuel injector is arranged in constant volume combustion bomb top surface central location;Optical window is arranged in constant volume burning Four circumferential surfaces of bullet;Cylinder pressure sensor is arranged in the upper end position of constant volume combustion bomb either side.
Preferably, heating rod is arranged in the body of constant volume combustion bomb.
The present invention also provides a kind of realities using the above-mentioned attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited based on spray burning Proved recipe method, system control unit control experimentation, include the following steps:
Step 1 adjusts optic testing system, until can clearly observe object of reference at wall surface center;
Step 2, control heating rod heat constant volume combustion bomb, so that temperature in constant volume combustion bomb is reached set temperature, the setting Temperature is lower than light Fuel autoignition temperature more than heavy fuel autoignition temperature;
Wall surface temperature is heated to preset value, simulated engine inside wall of cylinder face temperature by step 3, control heating system;
Step 4, control exhaust system vacuumize constant volume combustion bomb, remove the exhaust gas in constant volume combustion bomb;
Step 5 adjusts mixed gas mixing proportion and initial pressure provided by gas handling system using partial pressure method, and is filled with Constant volume combustion bomb;
Step 6, triggering light Fuel fuel injector, oil spout simultaneously form attached wall oil film on wall surface;Oil film dimensional parameters pass through Fuel injector angle, injection pressure and distributive value is adjusted to realize;
Step 7, triggering heavy fuel fuel injector oil spout, since temperature is higher than heavy fuel burning point, weight in constant volume combustion bomb Matter fuel can burn rapidly, and the attached wall oil film of flame impingement is ignited;
Step 8 records attached wall film combustion process and combustion pressure by optic testing system and cylinder pressure sensor;
Step 9 saves experimental data;
Step 10, open exhaust valve make in constant volume combustion bomb burning waste gas flow out, and use fresh air scavenging, be next Experiment is ready.
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) present invention can utilize the difference of light Fuel and heavy fuel autoignition temperature, spraying using heavy fuel Self-ignition light ignites light Fuel oil film, and carries out correlative study.The injection of heavy fuel forms lasting combustion flame, It can continue flame jumping on oil film, there is better similitude with the burning in engine cylinder.
(2) present invention can conveniently change the factors such as oil film shape, size and thickness.
(3) present invention can control in cylinder environmental condition in the cylinder of film combustion, such as initial temperature, pressure and oxygen concentration, Possibility is provided for the variable element research of adhesion combustion.
(4) present invention can control the initial wall surface temperature of adhesion combustion, simulated engine inside wall of cylinder surface state.
(5) present invention first heats oil spout again, avoids fuel film vaporization in heating process and disappears.
(6) the present invention provides the visualization windows of instant recording flame combustion process, can record attached wall by shooting Film combustion process also measures the transient pressure information of flame combustion process by recording cylinder pressure sensor, is that adhesion combustion is special Property research provide critical data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of experimental provision of the present invention.
Wherein, 1- constant volume combustion bomb, 2- wall surface, 3- light Fuel fuel injector, 4- heavy fuel fuel injector, 5- optics view Window, 6- cylinder pressure sensor, 7- heating rod, 8- gas handling system, 9- exhaust system, 10- system control unit, 11- optic test system System, 12- digital data recording system.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention provides a kind of attached wall film combustion experimental program to be ignited based on spray burning, the program utilizes constant volume The characteristics of firebomb temperature-controllable, is ignited heavy fuel (such as diesel oil, heavy oil) by temperature control, is then fired again by heavy The flame and a large amount of higher light Fuels of thermal ignition burning point (such as gasoline, alcohols) that material burning is formed.With directly pass through heat It controls the light Fuel that ignites to compare, transient prediction may be implemented in the present invention, ignites to oil film realization, avoids oily in heating process Film evaporation disappears.Meanwhile the injection of heavy fuel forms lasting combustion flame, can continue flame jumping on oil film, with cylinder Interior burning has better similitude.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the attached wall film combustion experimental provision to ignite the present invention is based on spray burning.As shown in Figure 1, The device includes heatable constant volume combustion bomb 1, wall surface 2, light Fuel fuel injector 3, heavy fuel fuel injector 4, optical window 5, cylinder pressure sensor 6, heating rod 7, gas handling system 8, exhaust system 9, system control unit 10, optic testing system 11 and data Record system 12.In the present embodiment, optic testing system 11 uses high-speed camera.
Wall surface 2 is fixed on the lower center position of constant volume combustion bomb 1, and the heating of temperature-controllable is wherein embedded with inside wall surface 2 Silk.Light Fuel fuel injector 3 is arranged in the upper end of certain one side inside constant volume combustion bomb 1, and nozzle is opposite at an angle The center of wall surface 2 forms attached wall oil film for spraying light Fuel.By the oil spout angle for adjusting light Fuel fuel injector 3 Degree, injection pressure and distributive value adjust oil film shape, size and thickness that liquid fuel is formed in 2 upper surface of wall surface.Weight Matter fuel oil sprayer 4 is arranged in 1 top surface central location of constant volume combustion bomb.Optical window 5 is arranged in 1 four circumferential directions of constant volume combustion bomb Face.Cylinder pressure sensor 6 is arranged in the upper end position of 1 either side of constant volume combustion bomb.Heating rod 7 is placed in constant volume combustion bomb 1 Body on, for controlling body temperature.Gas handling system 8 and exhaust system 9 respectively with the porting phase of constant volume combustion bomb 1 Even.
System control unit 10 connects 2 heater strip of wall surface, light Fuel fuel injector 3, heavy fuel fuel injector 4, cylinder pressure and passes Sensor 6, heating rod 7, optic testing system 11, gas handling system 8, exhaust system 9 and digital data recording system 12.System control is single Member 10 function include:
1) exhaust of the control exhaust system 9 after the completion of vacuumizing and testing to constant volume combustion bomb;
2) gas handling system 8 is controlled to 1 preliminary filling environmental gas of constant volume combustion bomb;In the present embodiment, gas handling system 8 can be to calmly Hold the mixed gas that firebomb is passed through oxygen, nitrogen, is initially pressed by the mixing proportion and premixed combustion that adjust oxygen, nitrogen Power changes the initial environment condition of adhesion combustion.
3) control heating rod 7 heats constant volume combustion bomb, so that temperature in constant volume combustion bomb is reached set temperature, the set temperature More than heavy fuel autoignition temperature, but it is lower than light Fuel autoignition temperature.
4) 2 heater strip of wall surface is controlled, wall surface temperature is adjusted, simulates practical wall surface state of temperature in cylinder.
5) control light Fuel fuel injector forms attached wall oil film, and can pass through tune to 2 injecting LPG in liquefied condition of wall surface Save fuel injector 3 injection pressure and distributive value, adjust liquid fuel formed in 2 upper surface of wall surface oil film shape, size with And thickness.
6) oil spout of heavy fuel fuel injector is triggered, since temperature is higher than heavy fuel burning point, heavy combustion in constant volume combustion bomb Material can burn rapidly, and the attached wall oil film of flame impingement is ignited.
7) control optic testing system 11 starts to shoot, which shoots wall surface by optical window 5 Flame combustion process, and the pictorial information of shooting is sent to digital data recording system 12.System control unit 10 also passes through cylinder pressure Sensor 6 obtains the transient pressure information during flame combustion, for analyzing Combustion Release Heat.The data of above-mentioned acquisition can For studying inhibition ablation phenomen from adhesion combustion direction.
In experiment, constant volume combustion bomb inner cavity is pre-filled with gas (oxygen, nitrogen mixture) by gas handling system, and oxygen Concentration is adjustable;The body temperature of constant volume combustion bomb is heated to heavy fuel autoignition temperature or more by heating rod, but is fired lower than lightweight Expect autoignition temperature;Wall surface temperature is heated to the preset value of simulated engine inside wall of cylinder face temperature;Light Fuel fuel injector is to described Wall jet light liquid fuel forms attached wall oil film;Heavy fuel fuel injector, which injects fuel into high temperature, to be held in bullet, and spontaneous combustion is formed Flame sprays to the light Fuel oil film to be formed, and is ignited.
Based on the attached wall film combustion experimental provision, it is as follows that system control unit controls experimentation:
Step 1, system control unit 10 adjust the focal length of high-speed camera, until can clearly observe at wall surface center Object of reference.
Step 2, control heating rod 7 heat constant volume combustion bomb, so that temperature in constant volume combustion bomb is reached set temperature, the setting Temperature is lower than light Fuel autoignition temperature more than heavy fuel autoignition temperature.
Step 3, system control unit 10 control heating system and 2 temperature of wall surface are heated to preset value, with simulated engine Inside wall of cylinder face temperature;
Step 4, control exhaust system 9 vacuumize constant volume combustion bomb 1, remove the exhaust gas in constant volume combustion bomb.
Step 5 adjusts mixed gas mixing proportion and initial pressure provided by gas handling system 8 using partial pressure method, and fills Enter constant volume combustion bomb.
Step 6, triggering light Fuel fuel injector, oil spout simultaneously form attached wall oil film on wall surface;Oil film dimensional parameters pass through Fuel injector angle, injection pressure and distributive value is adjusted to realize.
Step 7, triggering heavy fuel fuel injector oil spout, since temperature is higher than heavy fuel burning point, weight in constant volume combustion bomb Matter fuel can burn rapidly, and the attached wall oil film of flame impingement is ignited.
Step 8 records attached wall film combustion process and combustion pressure using high-speed camera and cylinder pressure sensor.
Step 9 saves experimental data.
Step 10, open exhaust valve make in constant volume combustion bomb burning waste gas flow out, and use fresh air scavenging, be next Experiment is ready.
This experiment provides a kind of design method of attached wall film combustion experimental provision, energy it can be seen from above example The factors such as enough effectively control oil film formation, size and thickness, convenient for probing into the mechanism of attached wall film combustion, to find inhibition of sintering Lose the method for phenomenon.Moreover, avoiding fuel film vaporization in heating process by the sequence of control heating and oil spout and disappearing.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention Within protection scope.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited based on spray burning, which is characterized in that including with optical window (5) constant volume combustion bomb (1), constant volume combustion bomb (1) arrangement have wall surface (2), the light Fuel fuel injector of controllable heater strip (3), heavy fuel fuel injector (4), cylinder pressure sensor (6) and heating rod (7);Light Fuel fuel injector (3) is directed at wall surface (2); Constant volume combustion bomb (1) is externally provided with gas handling system (8), exhaust system (9), system control unit (10), optic testing system (11) With digital data recording system (12);Gas handling system (8) and exhaust system (9) respectively with the inlet and outlet mouth phase of constant volume combustion bomb (1) Even;Heater strip, light Fuel fuel injector (3), the heavy fuel fuel injector (4), cylinder pressure of system control unit (10) and wall surface (2) Sensor (6), heating rod (7), gas handling system (8), exhaust system (9), digital data recording system (12) are connected, and realize control sum number According to collection;
The body temperature of constant volume combustion bomb (1) is heated to heavy fuel autoignition temperature or more by heating rod (7), but is fired lower than lightweight Expect autoignition temperature;System control unit (10) controls wall surface (2) temperature, simulated engine inside wall of cylinder face;Light Fuel fuel injector (3) Xiang Suoshu wall surface (2) sprays light liquid fuel, forms attached wall oil film;Heavy fuel fuel injector (4) sprays into heavy fuel Constant volume combustion bomb (1), spontaneous combustion forms flame and sprays to the attached wall oil film of light Fuel, and is ignited;
Optic testing system (11) records the flame combustion process of wall surface by optical window (5), and the pictorial information of record is sent out Give digital data recording system (12);Cylinder pressure sensor (6) records the combustion pressure of the included wall oil film of constant volume combustion bomb, for analyzing Combustion Release Heat.
2. the attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited as described in claim 1 based on spray burning, which is characterized in that pass through The injection pressure and distributive value of light Fuel fuel injector (3) are adjusted, the oil that liquid fuel is formed in wall surface (2) upper surface is adjusted Film shape, size and thickness.
3. the attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited as described in claim 1 based on spray burning, which is characterized in that described Gas handling system (8) is passed through the mixed gas of oxygen, nitrogen to constant volume combustion bomb in advance, by the Blend proportion for adjusting oxygen, nitrogen Example and premixed combustion initial pressure, change the initial environment condition of adhesion combustion.
4. the attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited as described in claim 1 based on spray burning, which is characterized in that wall surface (2) it is fixed on the lower center position of constant volume combustion bomb (1), the heater strip of temperature-controllable is wherein embedded with inside wall surface (2);Lightweight Fuel oil sprayer (3) is arranged in the upper end of constant volume combustion bomb (1) certain one side, and nozzle is at an angle against wall surface (2) Center;Heavy fuel fuel injector (4) is arranged in constant volume combustion bomb (1) top surface central location;Optical window (5) is arranged in fixed Hold (1) four circumferential surface of firebomb;Cylinder pressure sensor (6) is arranged in the upper end position of constant volume combustion bomb (1) either side.
5. the attached wall film combustion experimental provision to be ignited as described in claim 1 based on spray burning, which is characterized in that heating Stick (7) is arranged in the body of constant volume combustion bomb (1).
6. a kind of attached wall film combustion experiment ignited based on spray burning using as described in claim 1 to 5 any one The experimental method of device, system control unit (10) control experimentation, include the following steps:
Step 1 adjusts optic testing system (11), until can clearly observe object of reference at wall surface center;
Constant volume combustion bomb is heated in step 2, control heating rod (7), so that temperature in constant volume combustion bomb is reached set temperature, the setting temperature Degree is lower than light Fuel autoignition temperature more than heavy fuel autoignition temperature;
Wall surface (2) temperature is heated to preset value, simulated engine inside wall of cylinder face temperature by step 3, control heating rod (7);
Step 4, control exhaust system (9) vacuumize constant volume combustion bomb (1), remove the exhaust gas in constant volume combustion bomb;
Step 5 adjusts mixed gas mixing proportion and initial pressure provided by gas handling system (8) using partial pressure method, and is filled with Constant volume combustion bomb;
Step 6, triggering light Fuel fuel injector, oil spout simultaneously form attached wall oil film on wall surface;Oil film dimensional parameters pass through adjusting Fuel injector angle, injection pressure and distributive value are realized;
Step 7, triggering heavy fuel fuel injector oil spout, since temperature is higher than heavy fuel burning point, heavy combustion in constant volume combustion bomb Material can burn rapidly, and the attached wall oil film of flame impingement is ignited;
Step 8 records attached wall film combustion process and combustion pressure by optic testing system and cylinder pressure sensor;
Step 9 saves experimental data;
Step 10, open exhaust valve make in constant volume combustion bomb burning waste gas flow out, and use fresh air scavenging, tested for next time It is ready.
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