CN107630822A - A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor solar energy water pumping system and control method - Google Patents
A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor solar energy water pumping system and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及水泵设备及控制技术领域，尤其涉及一种永磁同步电机太阳能水泵系统及控制方法。The invention relates to the technical field of water pump equipment and control, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor solar water pump system and a control method.
背景技术Background technique
光伏水泵系统是直接利用太阳电池光生伏打效应发电,之后通过一系列电力电子、电机、水机等控制及执行环节从而在江河湖泊或深井中实现提水的系统。Photovoltaic water pump system is a system that directly uses the photovoltaic effect of solar cells to generate electricity, and then realizes water pumping in rivers, lakes or deep wells through a series of control and execution links such as power electronics, motors, and water machines.
现有的技术方案中的电机一般采用交流异步电机或永磁直流有刷电机。交流异步电机的缺陷有：1、电机效率低，电机体积大，重量重；2、输入电压范围比较窄，对输入电压的波动范围限制比较严；3、电机在高电压或者低电压工作时电机的性能变；4、在太阳光照强度波动时，水泵系统工作效率波动明显，水泵的扬程、流量变化明显，在太阳光照不足时水泵扬程、流量会明显下降，甚至会无法工作，没有从分利用太阳能。而永磁直流有刷电机的缺陷有：1、电机效率低，电机体积大，重量重；2、电机的功率范围小，适合小功率电机；3、电机碳刷需要定期更换，碳刷和换向器寿命短，需要维护；4、电机换向时产生火花，电磁干扰严重。5、在太阳光照强度波动时，水泵系统工作效率波动明显，水泵的扬程、流量变化明显，在太阳光照不足时水泵扬程、流量会明显下降，甚至会无法工作，没有从分利用太阳能。The motors in the existing technical solutions generally adopt AC asynchronous motors or permanent magnet DC brushed motors. The defects of AC asynchronous motors are: 1. The efficiency of the motor is low, the motor is large and heavy; 2. The input voltage range is relatively narrow, and the fluctuation range of the input voltage is relatively strict; 3. When the motor is working at high voltage or low voltage, the motor 4. When the intensity of sunlight fluctuates, the working efficiency of the pump system fluctuates significantly, and the lift and flow of the pump change significantly. When the sunlight is insufficient, the lift and flow of the pump will drop significantly, or even fail to work. solar energy. The defects of permanent magnet DC brushed motors are: 1. The motor has low efficiency, large volume and heavy weight; 2. The power range of the motor is small, which is suitable for small power motors; The life of the commutator is short and requires maintenance; 4. Sparks are generated when the motor commutates, and the electromagnetic interference is serious. 5. When the intensity of sunlight fluctuates, the working efficiency of the pump system fluctuates significantly, and the lift and flow of the pump change significantly. When the sunlight is insufficient, the lift and flow of the pump will drop significantly, or even fail to work, and the solar energy will not be fully utilized.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是解决上述现有装置的不足，提供一种永磁同步电机太阳能水泵系统及控制方法，具有工作效率大，电机系统的效率高，可实现自动控制、自动保护的特点。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing devices, and provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor solar water pump system and a control method, which have the characteristics of high working efficiency, high efficiency of the motor system, and automatic control and automatic protection.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种永磁同步电机太阳能水泵系统，包括光伏阵列、控制器、水箱及由水泵泵体单元和水泵电机单元组成的水泵，光伏阵列和控制器之间连接有光伏电源线，控制器和水泵电机单元之间连接有电机引出线，水箱和水泵泵体单元之间连接有输水管。光伏阵列的设计应该与水泵系统相匹配，可以为交流单相电源或三相电源输入，控制器具有设定和显示功能，可设定光伏阵列的工作阈值，过流保护、短路保护值设定等，显示工作参数和故障参数等。A permanent magnet synchronous motor solar water pump system, including a photovoltaic array, a controller, a water tank, and a water pump composed of a pump body unit and a water pump motor unit, and a photovoltaic power line is connected between the photovoltaic array and the controller, and the controller and the pump motor A motor lead wire is connected between the units, and a water delivery pipe is connected between the water tank and the water pump body unit. The design of the photovoltaic array should match the water pump system, which can be AC single-phase power supply or three-phase power input. The controller has setting and display functions, and can set the working threshold of the photovoltaic array, over-current protection, short-circuit protection value setting etc., display working parameters and fault parameters, etc.
水泵所在的水中设有水位传感器并通过水位控制线与控制器连接，水箱设有水箱水位传感器并通过水箱水位控制线与控制器连接。通过传感器实时感应外界和水箱的水位，控制器在收到相关信号后启动或停止系统工作。The water where the water pump is located is provided with a water level sensor and is connected to the controller through a water level control line, and the water tank is provided with a water tank water level sensor and is connected to the controller through the water level control line of the water tank. The sensor senses the water level of the outside world and the water tank in real time, and the controller starts or stops the system after receiving the relevant signal.
作为优选，所述水泵泵体单元两端分别为进水部和出水部，进水部和出水部之间设有套在端口的泵壳及位于中间的泵轴，进水部设有泵体法兰，泵轴下端设有联轴器，泵轴上固定有若干叶轮，叶轮的叶片置于蜗壳内。联轴器用于连接泵轴和电机的转轴，出水部连接输水管，转轴转动带动泵轴及叶轮转动，使水进水部从进水部进入向上流动从出水部流出，经过输水管输送至水箱。As a preference, the two ends of the water pump body unit are respectively a water inlet and a water outlet, a pump casing set on the port and a pump shaft in the middle are arranged between the water inlet and the water outlet, and the water inlet is provided with a pump body The flange is provided with a coupling at the lower end of the pump shaft, and a number of impellers are fixed on the pump shaft, and the blades of the impellers are placed in the volute. The coupling is used to connect the pump shaft and the rotating shaft of the motor. The water outlet is connected to the water delivery pipe. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the pump shaft and the impeller to rotate, so that the water enters the water inlet from the water inlet and flows upwards, flows out from the water outlet, and is transported to the water tank through the water delivery pipe. .
作为优选，所述泵轴上端设有通过螺钉固定的上轴套，在泵轴的端部开设螺孔，上轴套上对应位置开设可供螺钉穿过的孔，螺钉拧入螺孔固定上轴套，上轴套和出水部之间设有橡胶轴承，位于联轴器上方和上轴套下方的轴承上设有轴套。As a preference, the upper end of the pump shaft is provided with an upper shaft sleeve fixed by screws, and a screw hole is provided at the end of the pump shaft, and a hole for a screw to pass is provided at a corresponding position on the upper shaft sleeve, and the screw is screwed into the screw hole to fix the upper shaft. A shaft sleeve, a rubber bearing is arranged between the upper shaft sleeve and the water outlet, and a shaft sleeve is arranged on the bearing above the shaft coupling and below the upper shaft sleeve.
作为优选，所述泵壳和出水部连接位置设有定位销和螺钉，在泵壳和出水部插合重叠的位置开设径向的孔，定位销插入孔中，且在出水部和定位销上轴向开设对应的螺孔，螺钉拧入螺孔进行固定，起到装配时定位且固定的作用。所述出水部的出水口设有止回阀及卡簧a，工作时，止回阀向上运动至卡簧a处停止，出水口打开，停止工作时，受水压作用，止回阀下落覆盖出水口，避免水流进入水泵中。As a preference, positioning pins and screws are provided at the connecting position of the pump casing and the water outlet, and radial holes are opened at the position where the pump casing and the water outlet are inserted and overlapped, and the positioning pin is inserted into the hole, and on the water outlet and the positioning pin Corresponding screw holes are opened in the axial direction, and the screws are screwed into the screw holes for fixing, which plays the role of positioning and fixing during assembly. The water outlet of the water outlet is provided with a check valve and a retainer a. When working, the check valve moves upward to stop at the retainer a, and the water outlet is opened. When the work stops, the check valve falls and covers outlet to prevent water from entering the pump.
作为优选，水泵电机单元的第一种设计，其两端分别为下端盖和上端盖，下端盖和上端盖之间设有套在端口的机壳及位于中间的转轴，机壳上下两端口处设有密封垫，转轴上固定有转子组件，机壳内对于位置设有定子组件，转轴与上端盖之间设有油封，上端盖上还设有连接螺栓及引出线组件。转轴通过轴承分别与下端盖和上端盖连接，油封的作用在于避免水进入电机内部，连接螺栓用于连接水泵电机单元和水泵泵体单元，引出线组件用于电机引出线的防水加固。该设计可减少水泵长度，结构简单，装配方便，适合于水泵入水深度要求不高的场合使用。As a preference, in the first design of the water pump motor unit, its two ends are respectively the lower end cover and the upper end cover, and the lower end cover and the upper end cover are provided with a casing set in the port and a rotating shaft in the middle, and the upper and lower ports of the casing A sealing gasket is provided, a rotor assembly is fixed on the rotating shaft, a stator assembly is arranged at a corresponding position in the casing, an oil seal is provided between the rotating shaft and the upper end cover, and connecting bolts and lead wire assemblies are also provided on the upper end cover. The rotating shaft is connected to the lower end cover and the upper end cover respectively through bearings. The function of the oil seal is to prevent water from entering the inside of the motor. The connecting bolts are used to connect the water pump motor unit and the water pump body unit. The lead wire assembly is used for waterproof reinforcement of the motor lead wire. This design can reduce the length of the water pump, has a simple structure and is convenient to assemble, and is suitable for use in occasions where the requirement for the depth of the water pump into the water is not high.
作为优选，水泵电机单元的第二种设计，包括下轴承座和上轴承座，下轴承座和上轴承座之间设有套在端口的机壳及位于中间的转轴，转轴上固定有转子组件，机壳内对于位置设有定子组件，转轴与上轴承座之间设有机械密封，上轴承座上还设有连接螺栓及引出线组件。并且在机壳下方具有延长段，机壳下端口设为缩口，缩口处从下到上依次设有卡簧b、底座及油囊。转轴通过轴承分别与下轴承座和上轴承座连接，机械密封的作用在于避免水进入电机内部，机壳下方延长段及底部油囊的结构用于调节电机内外的压差，此设计适合水泵入水深度要求较高的场合使用。As a preference, the second design of the water pump motor unit includes a lower bearing seat and an upper bearing seat, between which there is a casing set on the port and a rotating shaft in the middle, and the rotor assembly is fixed on the rotating shaft , The casing is provided with a stator assembly for the position, a mechanical seal is provided between the rotating shaft and the upper bearing seat, and a connecting bolt and a lead wire assembly are also provided on the upper bearing seat. And there is an extension section below the casing, the lower port of the casing is set as a constriction, and the constriction is provided with a snap ring b, a base and an oil bag successively from bottom to top. The rotating shaft is connected to the lower bearing seat and the upper bearing seat respectively through bearings. The function of the mechanical seal is to prevent water from entering the motor. The extension section under the casing and the structure of the oil bag at the bottom are used to adjust the pressure difference inside and outside the motor. This design is suitable for water pumps entering water. It is used in occasions with high depth requirements.
作为优选，所述水泵电机单元内设有内置控制器组件。内置控制器组件适用于小功率电机（一般为1.5kw以下电机），外置式控制器适用于功率较大的电机（一般1.0kw以上电机）。Preferably, the water pump motor unit is provided with a built-in controller assembly. The built-in controller assembly is suitable for low-power motors (generally below 1.5kw), and the external controller is suitable for large-power motors (generally above 1.0kw).
作为优选，所述定子组件包括定子铁芯和若干电机绕组，电机绕组之间设有定子槽，定子铁芯两端设有绝缘端板。Preferably, the stator assembly includes a stator core and several motor windings, stator slots are provided between the motor windings, and insulating end plates are provided at both ends of the stator core.
作为优选，转子组件的第一种设计，包括转子铁芯，转子铁芯外壁均匀分布有若干外插槽，外插槽下部两侧设有扩口且底面呈弧形，设有形状与外插槽相匹配的磁钢a插入到外插槽内，转子铁芯两端设有磁钢挡板，位于下方的磁钢挡板底部设有挡板固定环。As a preference, the first design of the rotor assembly includes the rotor core, the outer wall of the rotor core is evenly distributed with a number of outer slots, the lower sides of the outer slots are provided with flared openings and the bottom surface is arc-shaped, and there are shapes and outer insertion slots. The magnetic steel a matching the slot is inserted into the outer slot, the two ends of the rotor iron core are provided with magnetic steel baffles, and the bottom of the magnetic steel baffle located below is provided with a baffle fixing ring.
作为优选，转子组件的第二种设计，包括转子铁芯，转子铁芯上开设有若干内插槽，内插槽组合形状呈正多角形或正多边形，磁钢b插入到内插槽内，转子铁芯两端设有磁钢挡板，位于下方的磁钢挡板底部设有挡板固定环。Preferably, the second design of the rotor assembly includes a rotor core, on which there are several inner slots, the combined shape of the inner slots is a regular polygon or a regular polygon, the magnetic steel b is inserted into the inner slots, and the rotor Both ends of the iron core are provided with magnetic steel baffles, and the bottom of the magnetic steel baffle located below is provided with a baffle fixing ring.
作为优选，转子组件的磁钢数量可根据设计要求有4极、6极、8极、10极、12极等；定子组件中的电机绕组可采用集中绕组和分布绕组等形式，定子槽根据设计要求可采用3的整数倍的槽数，如9槽、12槽、18槽、24槽、36槽等。As a preference, the number of magnetic steel in the rotor assembly can be 4 poles, 6 poles, 8 poles, 10 poles, 12 poles, etc. according to the design requirements; It is required that the number of slots that are integer multiples of 3 can be used, such as 9 slots, 12 slots, 18 slots, 24 slots, 36 slots, etc.
作为优选，所述进水部与出水部外壁开设有凹槽，凹槽内放置有O型圈，装配后O型圈与泵壳内壁相抵。所述上轴承座外壁也开设有凹槽，凹槽内放置有O型圈，装配后O型圈与机壳内壁相抵。Preferably, grooves are formed on the outer wall of the water inlet and the water outlet, and O-rings are placed in the grooves, and the O-rings are fitted against the inner wall of the pump casing after assembly. The outer wall of the upper bearing seat is also provided with a groove, and an O-ring is placed in the groove, and the O-ring is offset against the inner wall of the casing after assembly.
作为优选，所述引出线组件外端设有密封垫。Preferably, a gasket is provided at the outer end of the lead wire assembly.
作为优选，所述机械密封从下到上依次为静环，动环，弹簧，动环，静环，静环和动环呈镜像排布，动环与转轴固定，静环与上轴承座固定，静环和动环接触位置的外端设有缩口结构，静环另一侧的内端设有缩口，弹簧架设在两个动环的台阶上，台阶处的动环内壁设有凹槽，台阶上还设有凸起的固定环。Preferably, the mechanical seals are arranged in the order of static ring, moving ring, spring, moving ring, static ring, static ring and moving ring from bottom to top in a mirror image arrangement, the moving ring is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the static ring is fixed to the upper bearing seat The outer end of the static ring and the moving ring is provided with a constriction structure, the inner end of the other side of the static ring is provided with a constriction, the spring is mounted on the steps of the two moving rings, and the inner wall of the moving ring at the step is provided with a concave Groove, also be provided with raised fixing ring on the step.
一种基于上述太阳能水泵系统的控制方法，所述控制方法包括：A control method based on the above-mentioned solar water pump system, the control method comprising:
第一步：上电程序初始化。Step 1: Power-on program initialization.
第二步：根据水泵系统的功率设置光伏阵列工作的阈值电压和电流。Step 2: Set the threshold voltage and current for the photovoltaic array to work according to the power of the water pump system.
第三步：检测光伏阵列的实时电压和电流，若实时电压和电流未达到阈值，则太阳能水泵系统不工作，若实时电压和电流达到或超过阈值，则太阳能水泵系统开始工作。Step 3: Detect the real-time voltage and current of the photovoltaic array. If the real-time voltage and current do not reach the threshold, the solar water pump system will not work. If the real-time voltage and current reach or exceed the threshold, the solar water pump system will start to work.
第四步：太阳能水泵系统工作后，计算光伏阵列的最大输出功率，通过不用工作电压下实际功率的变化情况控制增加或减小工作电压，若低工作电压下的实际功率与高工作电压下的实际功率的差值小于零，则可增加工作电压，若低工作电压下的实际功率与高工作电压下的实际功率的差值大于零，则可减小工作电压，循环反复判断，使太阳能水泵系统的实际功率始终接近光伏阵列的最大输出功率。Step 4: After the solar water pump system is working, calculate the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array, and increase or decrease the operating voltage by controlling the change of the actual power under different operating voltages. If the actual power under low operating voltage is different from that under high operating voltage If the difference between the actual power is less than zero, the operating voltage can be increased. If the difference between the actual power under the low operating voltage and the actual power under the high operating voltage is greater than zero, the operating voltage can be reduced, and the cycle of repeated judgments can make the solar water pump The actual power of the system is always close to the maximum output power of the PV array.
第五步：工作完成后，关闭太阳能水泵系统。Step Five: After the work is done, turn off the solar water pump system.
作为优选，太阳能水泵系统的工作具有保护功能，包括外界水位保护、水箱水位保护、电机过流保护、电机短路保护、控制系统过温度保护。Preferably, the working of the solar water pump system has protection functions, including external water level protection, water tank water level protection, motor overcurrent protection, motor short circuit protection, and control system overtemperature protection.
作为优选，系统还具有远程操作、遥控操作功能。Preferably, the system also has functions of remote operation and remote operation.
本发明的有益效果在于：1、采用稀土永磁同步电机及其控制系统，电机系统的效率高，与同机座号交流电机相比效率高10~25%，小机座号效率增加明显；The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By adopting the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control system, the efficiency of the motor system is high, and the efficiency is 10-25% higher than that of the AC motor of the same frame size, and the efficiency of the small frame size is significantly increased;
2、稀土永磁同步电机体积小，与同等功率的交流电机相比，电机的体积可减小20~40%；2. The rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is small in size, and compared with the AC motor of the same power, the volume of the motor can be reduced by 20~40%;
3、采用稀土永磁同步电机及其控制系统，电机可设计成不同的转速，交流电机的转速一般按电机的极数固定，2极电机的同步转速3000rpm，永磁同步电机的电机转速可在一定的范围内（如500rpm~6000rpm）任意设计，可设计较高转速的电机，假定5000rpm，根据水泵相似定律，达到原来3000rpm电机系统的扬程和流量，5000rpm的电机系统，可减少水泵叶轮数量到原来的35%，这样可以大大的减少水泵泵体的体积，同时可增加生产效率，降低生产成本；3. Rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control system are used. The motor can be designed with different speeds. The speed of the AC motor is generally fixed according to the number of poles of the motor. The synchronous speed of the 2-pole motor is 3000rpm. The motor speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be in Any design within a certain range (such as 500rpm~6000rpm) can design a higher speed motor. Assuming 5000rpm, according to the similarity law of water pumps, the head and flow of the original 3000rpm motor system can be achieved. A 5000rpm motor system can reduce the number of pump impellers to The original 35%, which can greatly reduce the volume of the pump body, while increasing production efficiency and reducing production costs;
4、采用稀土永磁同步电机及其控制系统，由于系统的效率提高，与水泵系统相配套的光伏阵列的容量可以降低，光伏阵列的价格比较高，可以节省一次投资成本；4. Rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control system are adopted. Due to the improvement of system efficiency, the capacity of the photovoltaic array matched with the water pump system can be reduced, and the price of the photovoltaic array is relatively high, which can save an investment cost;
5、采用稀土永磁同步电机及其控制系统，由于系统中采用了太阳能阵列最大功率输出控制，更有效的利用了太阳能阵列的能量，是系统的工作效率提高，同样的时间内抽水量明显增加；5. The rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control system are adopted. Since the system adopts the maximum power output control of the solar array, the energy of the solar array is used more effectively, and the working efficiency of the system is improved, and the amount of pumped water is significantly increased in the same time. ;
6、采用稀土永磁同步电机及其控制系统，该系统中具有多种保护功能：低电压保护、过电流保护、电机堵转保护、水位控制等，保证了系统的可靠运行，可实现自动控制、智能化运行、系统的监视和无人看护功能。6. Rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control system are adopted. The system has multiple protection functions: low voltage protection, overcurrent protection, motor stall protection, water level control, etc., which ensures the reliable operation of the system and can realize automatic control , intelligent operation, system monitoring and unattended functions.
7、采用稀土永磁同步电机及其控制系统，在交流输入系统中，具有明显的节能减排的效果，在达到同样的流量的情况下，用电量明显减低，系统的工作效率会大大提高。7. The rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and its control system are adopted. In the AC input system, it has obvious effects of energy saving and emission reduction. In the case of the same flow rate, the power consumption is significantly reduced, and the working efficiency of the system will be greatly improved. .
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2是本发明中水泵泵体单元的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pump body unit of the water pump in the present invention;
图3是本发明中水泵电机单元实施例一的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the water pump motor unit in the present invention;
图4是本发明中水泵电机单元实施例二的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the water pump motor unit in the present invention;
图5是图4中机械密封部分的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the mechanical seal part in Fig. 4;
图6是图2和图3结合的水泵结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the water pump combined with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;
图7是图2和图4结合的水泵结构示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the water pump combined with Fig. 2 and Fig. 4;
图8是本发明中转子组件的结构示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the rotor assembly in the present invention;
图9是本发明中转子组件实施例一的径向剖视图；Fig. 9 is a radial sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the rotor assembly in the present invention;
图10是本发明中转子组件实施例二的径向剖视图；Fig. 10 is a radial sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the rotor assembly in the present invention;
图11是本发明中定子组件的径向剖视图；Figure 11 is a radial sectional view of a stator assembly in the present invention;
图12是本发明中定子组件的轴向剖视图；Figure 12 is an axial sectional view of a stator assembly in the present invention;
图13是本发明的控制系统图；Fig. 13 is a control system diagram of the present invention;
图14是本发明中光伏阵列光照和功率曲线关系图。Fig. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the illumination and power curve of the photovoltaic array in the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面通过具体实施方式和附图对本发明作进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
实施方式为：如图1所示，一种永磁同步电机太阳能水泵系统，包括光伏阵列1、控制器2、水箱2及由水泵泵体单元8和水泵电机单元9组成的水泵，光伏阵列1和控制器2之间连接有光伏电源线4，控制器2和水泵电机单元9之间连接有电机引出线6，水箱2和水泵泵体单元8之间连接有输水管11。其中，水泵所在的水中设有水位传感器10并通过水位控制线5与控制器2连接，水箱2设有水箱水位传感器3并通过水箱水位控制线7与控制器2连接。The embodiment is as follows: as shown in Figure 1, a permanent magnet synchronous motor solar water pump system includes a photovoltaic array 1, a controller 2, a water tank 2 and a water pump composed of a water pump body unit 8 and a water pump motor unit 9, and the photovoltaic array 1 A photovoltaic power line 4 is connected with the controller 2 , a motor lead wire 6 is connected between the controller 2 and the water pump motor unit 9 , and a water delivery pipe 11 is connected between the water tank 2 and the water pump body unit 8 . Wherein, the water where the water pump is located is provided with a water level sensor 10 and is connected to the controller 2 through the water level control line 5 , and the water tank 2 is provided with a water tank water level sensor 3 and is connected to the controller 2 through the water tank water level control line 7 .
结合图2所示，水泵泵体单元8两端分别为进水部8.1和出水部8.7，进水部8.1和出水部8.7之间设有套在端口的泵壳8.6及位于中间的泵轴8.8，进水部8.1设有泵体法兰8.2，泵轴8.8下端设有联轴器8.3，泵轴8.8上固定有若干叶轮8.5，叶轮8.5的叶片置于蜗壳8.4内。所述泵轴8.8上端设有通过螺钉8.12固定的上轴套8.9，上轴套8.9和出水部8.7之间设有橡胶轴承8.11，位于联轴器8.3上方和上轴套8.9下方的轴承上设有轴套8.10。其中，泵壳8.6和出水部8.7连接位置设有定位销8.13和螺钉8.12，出水部8.7的出水口设有止回阀8.14及卡簧a8.15。此外，进水部8.1与出水部8.7外壁开设有凹槽，凹槽内放置有O型圈，装配后O型圈与泵壳8.6内壁相抵。As shown in Figure 2, the two ends of the water pump body unit 8 are the water inlet 8.1 and the water outlet 8.7 respectively, and the pump casing 8.6 and the pump shaft 8.8 in the middle are set between the water inlet 8.1 and the water outlet 8.7 , the water inlet 8.1 is provided with a pump body flange 8.2, the lower end of the pump shaft 8.8 is provided with a coupling 8.3, a number of impellers 8.5 are fixed on the pump shaft 8.8, and the blades of the impeller 8.5 are placed in the volute 8.4. The upper end of the pump shaft 8.8 is provided with an upper shaft sleeve 8.9 fixed by a screw 8.12, a rubber bearing 8.11 is provided between the upper shaft sleeve 8.9 and the water outlet 8.7, and a rubber bearing 8.11 is arranged on the bearing above the shaft coupling 8.3 and below the upper shaft sleeve 8.9. There are bushings 8.10. Among them, positioning pin 8.13 and screw 8.12 are provided at the connection position between pump casing 8.6 and water outlet 8.7, and check valve 8.14 and retaining ring a8.15 are provided at the water outlet of water outlet 8.7. In addition, grooves are formed on the outer wall of the water inlet part 8.1 and the water outlet part 8.7, and O-rings are placed in the grooves. After assembly, the O-rings are offset against the inner wall of the pump casing 8.6.
水泵电机单元9的实施例一：结合图3所示，其两端分别为下端盖9.1和上端盖9.6，下端盖9.1和上端盖9.6之间设有套在端口的机壳9.3及位于中间的转轴9.11，机壳9.3上下两端口处设有密封垫9.2，转轴9.11上固定有转子组件9.5，机壳9.3内对于位置设有定子组件9.4，转轴9.11与上端盖9.6之间设有油封9.7，上端盖9.6上还设有连接螺栓9.8及引出线组件9.9。Embodiment 1 of the water pump motor unit 9: as shown in FIG. 3 , its two ends are the lower end cover 9.1 and the upper end cover 9.6 respectively, and the casing 9.3 and the middle one are provided between the lower end cover 9.1 and the upper end cover 9.6. Rotating shaft 9.11, sealing gasket 9.2 is provided at the upper and lower ports of casing 9.3, rotor assembly 9.5 is fixed on rotating shaft 9.11, stator assembly 9.4 is arranged in the corresponding position in casing 9.3, oil seal 9.7 is provided between rotating shaft 9.11 and upper end cover 9.6, The upper end cover 9.6 is also provided with a connecting bolt 9.8 and a lead wire assembly 9.9.
水泵电机单元9的实施例二：结合图4所示，包括下轴承座9.15和上轴承座9.19，下轴承座9.15和上轴承座9.19之间设有套在端口的机壳9.3及位于中间的转轴9.11，转轴9.11上固定有转子组件9.5，机壳9.3内对于位置设有定子组件9.4，转轴9.11与上轴承座9.19之间设有机械密封9.17，上轴承座9.19上还设有连接螺栓9.8及引出线组件9.9。其中，机壳9.3下方具有延长段，机壳9.3下端口设为缩口，缩口处从下到上依次设有卡簧b9.13、底座9.14及油囊9.12。结合图5所述，机械密封9.17从下到上依次为静环9.17.2，动环9.17.1，弹簧9.17.3，动环9.17.1，静环9.17.2，静环9.17.2和动环9.17.1呈镜像排布，动环9.17.1与转轴9.11固定，静环9.17.2与上轴承座9.19固定，静环9.17.2和动环9.17.1接触位置的外端设有缩口结构，静环9.17.2另一侧的内端设有缩口，弹簧9.17.3架设在两个动环9.17.1的台阶上，台阶处的动环9.17.1内壁设有凹槽，台阶上还设有凸起的固定环。The second embodiment of the water pump motor unit 9: as shown in Fig. 4, it includes the lower bearing seat 9.15 and the upper bearing seat 9.19, and the casing 9.3 which is sleeved on the port and the middle bearing seat 9.19 are arranged between the lower bearing seat 9.15 and the upper bearing seat 9.19. Rotating shaft 9.11, rotor assembly 9.5 is fixed on rotating shaft 9.11, stator assembly 9.4 is arranged in the corresponding position in casing 9.3, mechanical seal 9.17 is provided between rotating shaft 9.11 and upper bearing seat 9.19, and connecting bolt 9.8 is also provided on upper bearing seat 9.19 And lead-out assembly 9.9. Wherein, there is an extension section below the casing 9.3, and the lower port of the casing 9.3 is set as a constriction, and the constriction is provided with a retaining spring b9.13, a base 9.14 and an oil bag 9.12 in sequence from bottom to top. As described in Figure 5, the mechanical seal 9.17 from bottom to top is the static ring 9.17.2, the moving ring 9.17.1, the spring 9.17.3, the moving ring 9.17.1, the static ring 9.17.2, the static ring 9.17.2 and the The moving ring 9.17.1 is arranged in a mirror image, the moving ring 9.17.1 is fixed to the rotating shaft 9.11, the static ring 9.17.2 is fixed to the upper bearing seat 9.19, and the outer end of the contact position of the static ring 9.17.2 and the moving ring 9.17.1 is provided with Shrink structure, the inner end of the other side of the static ring 9.17.2 is provided with a shrink, the spring 9.17.3 is erected on the steps of the two moving rings 9.17.1, and the inner wall of the moving ring 9.17.1 at the steps is provided with grooves , There is also a raised fixing ring on the steps.
此外，上轴承座9.19外壁开设有凹槽，凹槽内放置有O型圈9.16，装配后O型圈9.16与机壳内壁相抵，在引出线组件9.9上端设有密封垫9.2。In addition, there is a groove on the outer wall of the upper bearing seat 9.19, and an O-ring 9.16 is placed in the groove. After assembly, the O-ring 9.16 is against the inner wall of the casing, and a sealing gasket 9.2 is provided on the upper end of the lead wire assembly 9.9.
水泵泵体单元8可分别与上述两种水泵电机单元9结合形成两种不同的水泵，结合图6和图7所示，并且在两种水泵电机单元9内部还可安装内置控制器组件9.10。The water pump body unit 8 can be combined with the above two water pump motor units 9 to form two different water pumps, as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, and a built-in controller assembly 9.10 can also be installed inside the two water pump motor units 9.
结合图11和图12所示，定子组件9.4包括定子铁芯9.4.1和若干电机绕组9.4.2，定子铁芯9.4.1与机壳9.3固定，电机绕组9.4.2之间设有定子槽9.4.3，定子铁芯9.4.1两端设有绝缘端板9.4.4，定子组件9.4具有电机引出线6。As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12, the stator assembly 9.4 includes a stator core 9.4.1 and several motor windings 9.4.2, the stator core 9.4.1 is fixed to the casing 9.3, and stator slots are provided between the motor windings 9.4.2 9.4.3, both ends of the stator core 9.4.1 are provided with insulating end plates 9.4.4, and the stator assembly 9.4 has motor lead wires 6 .
转子组件9.5的实施例一：结合图8和图9所示，包括与转轴9.11固定的转子铁芯9.5.1，转子铁芯9.5.1外壁均匀分布有若干外插槽9.5.2，外插槽9.5.2下部两侧设有扩口且底面呈弧形，设有形状与外插槽9.5.2相匹配的磁钢a9.5.3插入到外插槽9.5.2内，转子铁芯9.5.1两端设有磁钢挡板9.5.4，位于下方的磁钢挡板9.5.4底部设有挡板固定环9.5.5。Embodiment 1 of the rotor assembly 9.5: as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, it includes a rotor core 9.5.1 fixed to the rotating shaft 9.11, and the outer wall of the rotor core 9.5.1 is evenly distributed with a number of outer slots 9.5.2. Both sides of the lower part of the slot 9.5.2 are flared and the bottom surface is arc-shaped, and the magnetic steel a9.5.3 whose shape matches the outer slot 9.5.2 is inserted into the outer slot 9.5.2, and the rotor core 9.5. 1 Both ends are provided with a magnetic steel baffle 9.5.4, and the bottom of the magnetic steel baffle 9.5.4 below is provided with a baffle fixing ring 9.5.5.
转子组件9.5的实施例二：结合图8和图10所示，包括与转轴9.11固定的转子铁芯9.5.1，转子铁芯9.5.1上开设有若干内插槽9.5.6，内插槽9.5.6组合形状呈正多角形或正多边形，磁钢b9.5.7插入到内插槽9.5.6内，转子铁芯9.5.1两端设有磁钢挡板9.5.4，位于下方的磁钢挡板9.5.4底部设有挡板固定环9.5.5。The second embodiment of the rotor assembly 9.5: as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 10, it includes a rotor core 9.5.1 fixed to the rotating shaft 9.11, and a number of inner slots 9.5.6 are opened on the rotor core 9.5.1, and the inner slots 9.5.6 The combined shape is a regular polygon or a regular polygon. The magnetic steel b9.5.7 is inserted into the inner slot 9.5.6. The two ends of the rotor core 9.5.1 are provided with magnetic steel baffles 9.5.4, and the magnetic steel located below The bottom of the baffle plate 9.5.4 is provided with a baffle plate fixing ring 9.5.5.
其中，转子组件9.5的磁钢数量可根据设计要求有4极、6极、8极、10极、12极等；定子组件9.4中的电机绕组9.4.2可采用集中绕组和分布绕组等形式，定子槽9.4.3根据设计要求可采用3的整数倍的槽数，如9槽、12槽、18槽、24槽、36槽等。Among them, the number of magnetic steel in the rotor assembly 9.5 can be 4 poles, 6 poles, 8 poles, 10 poles, 12 poles, etc. according to the design requirements; the motor winding 9.4.2 in the stator assembly 9.4 can adopt the form of concentrated winding and distributed winding, etc. 9.4.3 The number of stator slots can be an integer multiple of 3 according to the design requirements, such as 9 slots, 12 slots, 18 slots, 24 slots, 36 slots, etc.
结合图13所示，一种基于上述太阳能水泵系统的控制方法，所述控制方法包括：As shown in Figure 13, a control method based on the above-mentioned solar water pump system, the control method includes:
第一步：上电程序初始化。Step 1: Power-on program initialization.
第二步：根据水泵系统的功率设置光伏阵列1工作的阈值电压和电流。Step two: set the working threshold voltage and current of the photovoltaic array 1 according to the power of the water pump system.
第三步：检测光伏阵列1的实时电压和电流，若实时电压和电流未达到阈值，则太阳能水泵系统不工作，若实时电压和电流达到或超过阈值，则太阳能水泵系统开始工作。Step 3: Detect the real-time voltage and current of the photovoltaic array 1. If the real-time voltage and current do not reach the threshold, the solar water pump system will not work. If the real-time voltage and current reach or exceed the threshold, the solar water pump system will start to work.
第四步：太阳能水泵系统工作后，计算光伏阵列1的最大输出功率，通过不用工作电压下实际功率的变化情况控制增加或减小工作电压，若低工作电压下的实际功率与高工作电压下的实际功率的差值小于零，则可增加工作电压，若低工作电压下的实际功率与高工作电压下的实际功率的差值大于零，则可减小工作电压，循环反复判断，使太阳能水泵系统的实际功率始终接近光伏阵列1的最大输出功率。Step 4: After the solar water pump system works, calculate the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array 1, and increase or decrease the operating voltage by controlling the change of the actual power under different operating voltages. If the difference between the actual power under the low operating voltage and the actual power under the high operating voltage is greater than zero, the operating voltage can be reduced, and the cycle of repeated judgments can make the solar energy The actual power of the water pump system is always close to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array 1 .
具体可如图14所示，Pm为最大工作点的功率，当系统工作电压从U1增加到工作电压U2，输出功率为P1变化为P2，如果P2-P1＞0，说明最大工作点在实际工作点的右侧，可以继续增加工作电压。如果工作电压从U4增加到工作电压U3，输出功率为P4变化为P3，如果P3-P4＜0，说明最大工作点在实际工作点的左侧，可以用负的电压差值给定，减少电压给定，这样反复操作就达到了动态跟踪最大功率的过程。Specifically, as shown in Figure 14, Pm is the power at the maximum operating point. When the system operating voltage increases from U1 to U2, the output power changes from P1 to P2. If P2-P1>0, it means that the maximum operating point is in the actual working To the right of the point, you can continue to increase the operating voltage. If the working voltage increases from U4 to U3, the output power changes from P4 to P3. If P3-P4<0, it means that the maximum working point is on the left side of the actual working point, and the negative voltage difference can be used to reduce the voltage. Given, such repeated operations have achieved the process of dynamically tracking the maximum power.
第五步：工作完成后，关闭太阳能水泵系统。Step Five: After the work is done, turn off the solar water pump system.
太阳能水泵系统的工作具有保护功能，包括外界水位保护、水箱水位保护、电机过流保护、电机短路保护、控制系统过温度保护。此外还具有远程操作、遥控操作功能。The work of the solar water pump system has protection functions, including external water level protection, water tank water level protection, motor over-current protection, motor short-circuit protection, and control system over-temperature protection. In addition, it also has the functions of remote operation and remote operation.
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，但本发明的结构特征并不局限于此，本发明可以用于类似的产品上，任何本领域的技术人员在本发明的领域内，所作的变化或修饰皆涵盖在本发明的专利范围之中。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the present invention can be used on similar products, any changes made by those skilled in the art in the field of the present invention Or modifications are all covered in the patent scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711091786.2A CN107630822A (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | A kind of permagnetic synchronous motor solar energy water pumping system and control method |
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| CN111255753A (en) * | 2020-02-03 | 2020-06-09 | 海南广源隆节能环保股份有限公司 | Siphon pump |
| CN111561459A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-08-21 | 温岭市奇新车业有限公司 | Water pump motor for high-speed alternating current-direct current permanent magnet synchronous well |
| CN114320942A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江东音科技有限公司 | Solar submersible pump with intelligent power regulation function for well |
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| CN111561459B (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2024-05-31 | 温岭市奇新车业有限公司 | High-speed AC/DC permanent magnet synchronous water pump motor for well |
| CN114320942A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江东音科技有限公司 | Solar submersible pump with intelligent power regulation function for well |
| CN114320942B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-03-29 | 浙江东音科技有限公司 | Immersible pump for solar well with intelligent power regulation function |
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