CN107629457A - montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107629457A CN107629457A CN201610576071.5A CN201610576071A CN107629457A CN 107629457 A CN107629457 A CN 107629457A CN 201610576071 A CN201610576071 A CN 201610576071A CN 107629457 A CN107629457 A CN 107629457A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material and preparation method thereof, montmorillonite is carried out first with amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer organically-modified, again simultaneously super hydrophobic surface is formed by the use of modified montmorillonoid combination gas-phase silica as filler, modification room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber structure composite.The present invention uses amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane--modified montmorillonite, montmorillonite is better dispersed in silicon rubber, and forms micron and nanometer composite structure, has compared with strong-hydrophobicity energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material science engineering field, more particularly, is related to a kind of hydrophobic material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Montmorillonite is a kind of clay mineral more typical in nature, stratiform or laminated structure, interlamellar spacing lnm, by two
Individual one alumina octahedral composition of silicon-oxy tetrahedron sandwich;There is tradable Na for interlayer+、Ca+Deng inorganic cation,
The displacement of ion makes montmorillonite structure sheaf negatively charged, and these architectural characteristics make montmorillonite become study hotspot[1-2];But by
It is smaller in its interlamellar spacing, and interlayer chemical micro-environment is hydrophilic and oleophobic, causes its dispersiveness and compatibility poor, if not pre-
First montmorillonite is modified, then can not obtain the nano composite polymer-montmorillonoid material of excellent performance.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material and its
Preparation method, using intercalation compounding, amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer (APDMS) modified montmorillonoid (MMT) is introduced, expanded
Its interlamellar spacing, it is easier to be distributed in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV-1) matrix material, while reduce its surface energy, reach by
It is hydrophilic to arrive hydrophobic transformation;With reference to the gas-phase silica filler of addition, micro-nano super-drainage structure is formed, excellent performance is made
Nano composite polymer/laminated silicate material (APDMS-MMT/SiO2/ RTV-1), reach super-hydrophobic purpose.
The technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
Montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material and preparation method thereof, is prepared as steps described below:
After the modified montmorillonoid of 0.2-0.5 mass parts and the white carbon of 0.1-0.3 mass parts are well mixed, it is put into
It is in the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber of 2-5 mass parts and well mixed.
Carry out in use, the mixed system of montmorillonite, white carbon and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is dispersed in into 10-
In the acetone of 20 mass parts, then brush and dry to form coating.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, modified montmorillonoid is 0.2-0.4 mass parts, and white carbon is 0.15-0.2 mass parts,
Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 3-4 mass parts, and acetone is 10-15 mass parts.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, white carbon is white carbon A200, and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber
RTV-1。
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, after brushing, spontaneously dry at normal temperatures and pressures (i.e. 20-25 degrees Celsius of room temperature,
One atmospheric pressure), super-hydrophobic coat is made.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is uniformly dispersed using ultrasound or stirring with realizing, ultrasonic power is 300-500w,
Ultrasonic time is 20-30min;Speed of agitator is 150-200 turns/min, and mixing time is 20-30min.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, modified montmorillonoid is prepared as steps described below:2-5 mass parts montmorillonites are equal
It is even to be dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 50-60 DEG C are heated to, adds 0.2-0.5 mass parts N, N'- carbonyl dimidazoles conduct-OH
Activator, under lasting stirring condition after 2-5h of isothermal reaction, be added dropwise into system amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer 10-
15 mass parts, rate of addition is at the uniform velocity and control is added dropwise in 20-30min;Reaction temperature is raised to 80-85 DEG C,
Continue isothermal reaction 8-12 hours under stirring condition, you can obtain modified montmorillonoid, afterwards naturally cool to obtained product
Room temperature, repeatedly washed, filtered with toluene;60 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers are then placed in dry.
In the inventive solutions, the amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer of modifying agent (APDMS) has well resistance to
The advantages that water-based, relatively low surface tension, ammonium root cation and montmorillonite (MMT) interlayer cation of organic matter can be put
The lamella for changing and entering, makes the polarity of its interlayer reduce, and makes it from hydrophilic to oleophylic sex reversal.Based on the super thin of " lotus leaf effect "
Water surface, super-hydrophobic coat is prepared from structure micro-nano coarse structure, it is organically-modified after montmorillonite and gas-phase silica make
It is added to for filler in the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber similar to APDMS structures, builds micro-nano coating.Above method raw material is easy
, technique it is simple, enable the popularization and application in daily life and industrial production of super-hydrophobic technology.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is (a) APDMS in the present invention, (b) MMT, (c) APDMS-MMT FI-TR collection of illustrative plates.
Fig. 2 is montmorillonite/room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (APDMS- of amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane--modified in embodiment
MMT/RTV-1 coating surface SEM photograph).
Fig. 3 is white carbon in embodiment/room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (SiO2/ RTV-1) coating surface SEM photograph.
Fig. 4 is montmorillonite/white carbon/room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber of amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane--modified in embodiment
(APDMS-MMT/SiO2/ RTV-1) coating surface SEM photograph (1).
Fig. 5 is montmorillonite/white carbon/room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber of amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane--modified in embodiment
(APDMS-MMT/SiO2/ RTV-1) coating surface SEM photograph (2).
Fig. 6 is (a) MMT in the present invention, (b) MMT-APDMS, (c) MMT-APDMS/RTV-1 XRD spectra.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiment.The medicine and instrument that the present embodiment uses
It is as follows:APDMS chemistry is pure, Dow Corning Corporation;Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) analyzes pure, section's prestige (Tianjin) Chemical Co., Ltd.;N, N-carbonyl
Diimidazole (CDI) analyzes pure, Shanghai gill biochemical reagents Co., Ltd;Acetone analyzes pure, section's prestige (Tianjin) Chemical Co., Ltd.;
Gas-phase silica A-200, Qingdao Niu Senke new materials Co., Ltd;Distilled water, laboratory self-control;Room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber RTV-
1, Dow Corning Corporation;Montmorillonite, Tianjin Le Tai Chemical Co., Ltd.s.Electronic balance JJ200, double outstanding fraternal Co., Ltds of the U.S.,
Magnetic force heating stirrer DF101s, Yuhua Instrument Co., Ltd., Gongyi City;Vacuum drying oven DZF-6090, the virtuous constant temperature in Shanghai Shen
Instrument factory;Contact angle measurement JC2000D3X, Shanghai Zhongchen digital technology equipment Co., Ltd;Infrared spectrometer Nicolet-
5DX, U.S. Nicolet;SEM S-4800, HIT.
The preparation for being modified montmorillonite first (Lv Bin, Duan Xubin, Gao Dangge, waits the silane coupler modified montmorillonites of
Preparation and performance study [J] Shaanxi Tech Univ journal:Natural science edition, 2014 (3):9-14):2g montmorillonites (MMT) are put
Enter in the beaker equipped with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ultrasonic 2h, make its fully dispersed in a solvent;Then by the MMT suspension after ultrasound
Pour into three-necked flask, be placed on magnetic force heating stirrer;60 DEG C are heated to, adds 0.5g N, N'- carbonyl dimidazoles
(CDI) conduct-OH activators, isothermal reaction simultaneously stir 2h;The amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymers of 10g are finally added dropwise
(APDMS), at the uniform velocity it is added dropwise and is added dropwise in 30min;Reaction temperature is raised to 80 DEG C, continuing stirring 8h makes it fully anti-
Should;Obtained product is naturally cooled into room temperature, is repeatedly washed, filtered with toluene;60 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers are then placed in dry.
Using infrared spectrum to it is imvite modified it is front and rear characterize, as shown in Figure 1.To (a) APDMS FTIR spectral lines
On compared with strong absworption peak analyze;2963cm-1The absworption peak at place be APDMS strand pending methyl groups stretching vibration, 1264cm-1With
799cm-1The absworption peak at place is Si- (CH3)2Characteristic peak, and 1121cm-1And 1022cm-1It is Si- corresponding to the absworption peak at place
O-Si vibration peak[10].On (b) MMT FTIR spectral lines, 3624cm-1It is that the flexible of 0-H keys shakes in silicate octahedron skeleton
It is dynamic, in 3449cm-1And 1652cm-1The absworption peak at place is by the crystallization water between silicate layer or adsorbs the presence of water and cause
H-O-H keys stretching vibration and flexural vibrations, 1093cm-1The absworption peak at place is the stretching vibration of Si-O-Si skeletons.800~
400cm-1It is the characteristic absorption peak of montmorillonite for silicon-oxy tetrahedron and the internal vibration of alumina octahedral.In (c) intercalation synthesis
In thing APMDS-MMT, the characteristic peak of existing montmorillonite:1090cm-1Locate Si-O-Si skeletons stretching vibration peak and 800~
400cm-1The internal vibration peak of silicon-oxy tetrahedron and alumina octahedral, occurs APDMS characteristic peak again:2963cm-1Locate to divide
The stretching vibration absworption peak of subchain pending methyl group, 799cm-1Locate as Si- (CH3)2Absworption peak;Everything all shows intercalator
APMDS has been introduced into the interlayer of montmorillonite.
The preparation of montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material is carried out using the modified montmorillonoid of above-mentioned preparation as raw material, with shape
Into coating.
Embodiment 1
After 0.2g modified montmorillonoids and 0.1g white carbons are well mixed, it is put into 2g room temperature vulcanized silicone rubbers and mixes
It is even.The mixed system of montmorillonite, white carbon and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is dispersed in 10g acetone, then applied
Brush, dry at normal temperatures and pressures to form coating.
Embodiment 2
After 0.5g modified montmorillonoids and 0.3g white carbons are well mixed, it is put into 5g room temperature vulcanized silicone rubbers and mixes
It is even.The mixed system of montmorillonite, white carbon and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is dispersed in 20g acetone, then applied
Brush, dry at normal temperatures and pressures to form coating.
Embodiment 3
After 0.4g modified montmorillonoids and 0.15g white carbons are well mixed, it is put into 4g room temperature vulcanized silicone rubbers and mixes
Uniformly.The mixed system of montmorillonite, white carbon and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is dispersed in 15g acetone, then carried out
Brush, dry at normal temperatures and pressures to form coating.
Embodiment 4
After 0.3g modified montmorillonoids and 0.2g white carbons are well mixed, it is put into 3g room temperature vulcanized silicone rubbers and mixes
It is even.The mixed system of montmorillonite, white carbon and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is dispersed in 15g acetone, then applied
Brush, dry at normal temperatures and pressures to form coating.
Modified montmorillonite is added in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, is sufficiently stirred, makes its dispersed, is then brushed to
On sheet glass (as a comparison case, prepared by the technological parameter with reference to the present invention), dried under normal temperature and pressure, use Electronic Speculum
Observation, it is montmorillonite/room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (APDMS- of amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane--modified as shown in Figure 2
MMT/RTV-1 coating surface SEM photograph), it can be seen that uniformly tiny particle in RTV-1 film surface distributeds, and is occurred
The phenomenon of surface protrusion, because modified cheating engaging layer spacing becomes big, cause interlaminar action power to reduce, be advantageous to
Machine montmorillonite disperses in room temperature silicon rubber, while APDMS surface energy will be less than RTV-1, in order to reach more stable state,
Modified montmorillonite just naturally floats over the surface of film in the presence of this power, due to bulge-structure unobvious, coarse
Spend low so that surface hydrophobic is poor.White carbon is added in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, is sufficiently stirred, makes its dispersed, so
After be brushed on sheet glass, under normal temperature and pressure dry, use electron microscopic observation, as shown in Figure 3, white carbon/room temperature vulcanization silicon rubber
Glue (SiO2/ RTV-1) coating surface SEM photograph, it can be seen that gas-phase silica film surface reunite, be piled into larger
Grain, and the poor dispersion in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber, but locally also have scattered, the intact region appearance of microstructure, but by
There is hydrophily in gas-phase silica, raised structure is more easily damaged, and causes the hydrophobicity of coating to reduce.According to skill of the present invention
Modified montmorillonite and white carbon are added in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber by art scheme, are sufficiently stirred, and make its dispersed, then
It is brushed on sheet glass, is dried under normal temperature and pressure, use electron microscopic observation, as shown in figs. 4 and 5, amino-terminated poly dimethyl silicon
Siloxane modified montmorillonite/white carbon/room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (APDMS-MMT/SiO2/ RTV-1) coating surface SEM shine
Piece, with reference to Figure 4 and 5 it can be seen that APDMS-MMT and SiO2In the coating, the reunion of gas-phase silica subtracts even particulate dispersion
It is few, make its rat structure obvious and roughness increases;By partial enlargement picture 5, this roughness is by micron
" composite construction " being bound to each other to form with nanometer, significantly reduces and is closely contacted between solid and liquid, makes coating table
Face is provided with ultra-hydrophobicity.
APDMS and MMT does not only have physical action and also has chemical action, and the two reaction is also formed in addition to having electrostatic interaction
Covalent bond, then so that intercalator is just not easy dissociation of being degenerated from MMT.Fig. 6 is MMT (a), MMT-APDMS (b) and MMT-
APDMS/RTV-1 (c) XRD spectra, MMT 2 θ=7.15 °, MMT-APDMS 2 θ=4.87 °, MMT-APDMS/ in figure
RTV-1 2 θ=2.27 °.The regulation and control of interlayer chemical environment are carried out to MMT using surfactant, (001) crystallographic plane diffraction peak is equal
Moved to low-angle.According to Bragg equation λ=2dsin θ, (wherein λ is incident X-ray wavelength, and λ=0.154nm, d are lamella
Between average distance, θ is semi diffraction angle) calculate understand (as shown in the table), MMT d001 is 1.24nm, MMT-APDMS's
D001 is changed into 1.81nm, and MMT-APDMS/RTV-1 d001 increases to 3.89nm.It can be seen that APDMS and RTV-1 can expand
MMT piece interlamellar spacing, because modified montmorillonite end carries amino, the hydroxyl reaction in easy and silicon rubber, it is being stirred by ultrasonic
In the case of, it is inserted into montmorillonite, modified montmorillonite is then easier to be dispersed in silicon rubber.
Sequence number | MMT | 2θ(°) | d001(nm) |
a | MMT | 7.15 | 1.24 |
b | MMT-APDMS | 4.87 | 1.81 |
c | MMT-APDMS/RTV-1 | 2.27 | 3.89 |
Coating APDMS-MMT/SiO prepared by material of the present invention2/ RTV-1, and prepared with reference to the technological parameter of the present invention
Comparative example MMT/RTV-1 coatings, SiO2/ RTV-1 coatings, APDMS/RTV-1 coatings, MMT-APDMS/RTV-1 coatings, MMT/
SiO2/ RTV-1 coatings.Contact angle test is carried out to above-mentioned coating, it is as shown in the table.
Analyze (a) and (d) to understand, the contact angle that MMT/RTV-1 forms coating is 121 °, and MMT-APDMS/RTV-1, i.e.,
The contact angle for the coating that the montmorillonite and silicon rubber that amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is modified are combined is 131 °, illustrate by
The coating for the montmorillonite that APDMS is modified, can significantly improve the number of degrees of contact angle, add hydrophobicity.By (b) SiO2/
RTV-1、(e)MMT/SiO2/ RTV-1 understands that the size of its contact angle is respectively 134 °, 142 °;Show to introduce unmodified illiteracy
De- soil, the coating of micro-nano structure can be produced, so that the number of degrees of contact angle have less increase, but due to montmorillonite not
Modified, the micro-nano of projection is easily soaked in water and caved in, then contact angle increase unobvious.Can by (c) APDMS/RTV-1
Know, modifying agent angle is 78 °, and itself does not possess hydrophobic effect.By (f) MMT-APDMS/SiO2/ RTV-1 is understood, is added
The montmorillonite that APDMS is modified, micro nano structure are firmly not easy by water destruct, and contact angle is 156 °, and its roll angle (SA) is 6 °, warp
Repeatedly test contact angle is average up to 155-165 °.
In technical solution of the present invention, amino-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is relatively easily accessible silicate plate interlayer
Nano-space, and the distance of piece interlayer can be significantly increased;Because polymer molecular chain has stronger physics to montmorillonite (MMT)
And chemical action, APDMS end-blocking amino carry positive charge, can attract each other jail with the montmorillonite with negative electrical charge sheet
Solid be combined together, and make unreacted APDMS be covered in montmorillonite surface make montmorillonite hydrophily weaken lipophile
Strengthened, while block the enough hydroxyls with montmorillonite surface of amino and can and chemically react, further enhance MMT pieces
The layer interfacial adhesion alternate with polymer two, so that interlayer expands, and then phyllosilicate is easy to peel off into nano level
Particulate, it is dispersed in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV-1) matrix.
Exemplary description has been done to the present invention above, it should explanation, in the situation for the core for not departing from the present invention
Under, any simple deformation, modification or other skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent substitution of creative work equal
Fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that prepared as steps described below:
After the modified montmorillonoid of 0.2-0.5 mass parts and the white carbon of 0.1-0.3 mass parts are well mixed, 2-5 matter are put into
Measure in the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber of part and well mixed;The modified montmorillonoid is prepared as steps described below:By 2-
5 mass parts montmorillonites are dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), are heated to 50-60 DEG C, add 0.2-0.5 mass parts N, N'- carbonyl
Base diimidazole conduct-OH activators, under lasting stirring condition after 2-5h of isothermal reaction, it is added dropwise into system amino-terminated poly-
The mass parts of dimethyl siloxane 10-15, rate of addition is at the uniform velocity and control is added dropwise in 20-30min;Rise reaction temperature
Degree is to 80-85 DEG C, the isothermal reaction 8-12 hours under lasting stirring condition;
The amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer of intercalator enters the interlayer of montmorillonite, amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer end-blocking
Amino attracts each other with the montmorillonite with negative electrical charge sheet with positive charge and is firmly combined together, unreacted intercalation
The surface that the amino-terminated dimethyl silicone polymer of agent is covered in montmorillonite makes the hydrophily decrease of montmorillonite and lipophile is added
By force, while the enough hydroxyls with montmorillonite surface of amino and can are blocked chemically react, enhance montmorillonite layer and polymer
Two alternate interfacial adhesions, so that being expanded between cheating engaging layer so that the average distance between stratiform montmorillonite layer reaches
3.89nm, it is dispersed in room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber matrix.
2. montmorillonite according to claim 1-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that modified montmorillonoid is
0.2-0.4 mass parts, white carbon are 0.15-0.2 mass parts, and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 3-4 mass parts.
3. montmorillonite according to claim 1-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that white carbon is white carbon
A200, room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber are room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber RTV-1.
4. montmorillonite according to claim 1-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that using ultrasound or stir
Mix and be uniformly dispersed with realizing, ultrasonic power is 300-500w, and ultrasonic time is 20-30min;Speed of agitator is 150-200
Turn/min, mixing time is 20-30min.
5. the preparation method of montmorillonite-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that prepared as steps described below:
After the modified montmorillonoid of 0.2-0.5 mass parts and the white carbon of 0.1-0.3 mass parts are well mixed, 2-5 matter are put into
Measure in the room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber of part and well mixed;The modified montmorillonoid is prepared as steps described below:By 2-
5 mass parts montmorillonites are dispersed in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), are heated to 50-60 DEG C, add 0.2-0.5 mass parts N, N'- carbonyl
Base diimidazole conduct-OH activators, under lasting stirring condition after 2-5h of isothermal reaction, it is added dropwise into system amino-terminated poly-
The mass parts of dimethyl siloxane 10-15, rate of addition is at the uniform velocity and control is added dropwise in 20-30min;Rise reaction temperature
Degree is to 80-85 DEG C, the isothermal reaction 8-12 hours under lasting stirring condition.
6. the preparation method of montmorillonite according to claim 5-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that modified
Montmorillonite is 0.2-0.4 mass parts, and white carbon is 0.15-0.2 mass parts, and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is 3-4 mass parts.
7. the preparation method of montmorillonite according to claim 5-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that hard charcoal
Black is white carbon A200, and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber RTV-1.
8. the preparation method of montmorillonite according to claim 5-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that use
Ultrasound or stirring are uniformly dispersed with realizing, ultrasonic power is 300-500w, and ultrasonic time is 20-30min;Speed of agitator is
150-200 turns/min, mixing time is 20-30min.
9. the application method of montmorillonite as claimed in claim 1-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that de- by covering
Soil, the mixed system of white carbon and room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber are dispersed in the acetone of 10-20 mass parts that (preferably acetone is
10-15 mass parts), then brush and dry to form coating, after brushing, (i.e. room temperature is spontaneously dried at normal temperatures and pressures
20-25 degrees Celsius, an atmospheric pressure), super-hydrophobic coat is made.
10. the application method of montmorillonite according to claim 9-silicon rubber composite hydrophobic material, it is characterised in that apply
The contact angle of layer is average up to 155-165 °, the roughness for the composite construction that coating has a micron and nanometer is bound to each other to form,
Reduce and closely contacted between solid and liquid, coating surface is provided with ultra-hydrophobicity.
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