CN107628737B - Treatment method of landfill sludge - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a disposal method of landfill sludge, which comprises the steps of sampling and analyzing the sludge, determining the pH value and odor pollutant type of the sludge, the landfill depth and horizontal distribution, preparing an oxidation agent, injecting the oxidation agent into underground sludge by adopting in-situ mixing and stirring equipment, and simultaneously stirring the oxidation agent and the sludge underground by using an impeller stirring head of the in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; standing for reaction for 3.5-5.5 hours after uniform stirring, placing the curing agent into the sludge by using engineering machinery, and continuously stirring by using in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; and standing after uniform stirring, and after 24-48 h, carrying out open excavation transfer on the solidified sludge. The method adopts the mode of in-situ treatment and excavation, has strong construction operability, low equipment investment cost, short treatment period, thorough treatment and no secondary pollution, solves the problem of odor pollution in the sludge excavation process, realizes the treatment of the sludge, and has better economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater, sewage or sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a treatment method of landfill sludge.
Background
With the development of the polluted site restoration industry and the expansion of cities, more and more sites with sludge are found. The sludge has unclear sources and components, but basically has odor problems, some sludge has heavy metal or organic matter pollution problems, and the sludge directly excavated can generate stronger odor to seriously affect the field operation and the surrounding environment, so scientific and reasonable treatment measures need to be taken.
Prior art has been directed to the treatment of odorous sludge.
Chinese patent ZL201410009136.9 describes a sludge deodorant consisting of pulverized coal, calcium oxide powder and magnesium oxide, which is mixed by a dry material mixer to obtain a product, and the preferred embodiment of the deodorant is to mix with sludge in the mixer to achieve the purpose of deodorization. Similar to the above patents, chinese patents ZL201510091619.2 and ZL20131062260.5 all require that the sludge be taken out and put into a mixer or a stirrer, and the mixer or the stirrer is used to mix the medicament with the sludge, which is complicated in process, cannot directly mix the deodorant with the sludge underground, and is not suitable for the treatment of the sludge.
Chinese patent ZL201610548551.0 describes a sludge deodorant consisting of activated carbon, zeolite, pomace, vinegar acid, sawdust ash, alum, orange peel powder and quicklime. When the agent is used, the agent is sprayed on the surface of sludge, only has the functions of blocking and adsorbing the odor of the sludge, and the agent does not treat the sludge substantially, so that the agent is only an auxiliary effect for restraining the odor diffusion.
Chinese patent ZL201511016687.9 introduces a method for dewatering municipal sludge in situ by Fenton sludge, which is characterized in that sulfuric acid is added into sludge after filter pressing and dewatering of a sewage treatment plant for activation, so that iron element exists in the sludge in an ion form, a plastic drainage plate is driven into a municipal sludge field for dewatering pretreatment, Fenton sludge activated by sulfuric acid is added into the pretreated municipal sludge for uniform stirring, quicklime is added for stirring, pH is adjusted, and deodorization and disinfection are performed, so that the purposes of deep dewatering and stabilization are achieved. The method carries out open type stirring treatment on sludge with light odor, such as municipal sludge, and the like, and the odor is light, so that the problem of air pollution is not caused, but the treatment mode is not suitable for landfill odor sludge, and the mode can cause great environmental pollution.
Chinese patent ZL201210595443.0 introduces a sludge deodorization method, which comprises the steps of adding water into sludge to cover the sludge, then adding slaked lime and sodium thiosulfate into the sludge, stirring, anaerobic fermentation, introducing oxygen, carrying out aeration treatment, and finally dewatering and drying.
US005641401A describes a sludge deodorizing device, which mainly aims at sludge-like stink sludge and removes stink substances in the sludge by means of steam heating, thereby realizing the purpose of sludge deodorization. However, when this method is used for disposal, the sludge needs to be dug out first, and the digging of the landfill-like sludge is not suitable because it generates a large amount of odor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that in the prior art, under the conditions of unclear sludge source, unclear components and stink, no deodorization technology or product of sludge can reasonably act on landfill sludge, and the problems of convenience, rationality and environmental protection cannot be considered, thereby providing an optimized disposal method of the landfill sludge.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the treatment method of the landfill sludge comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling and analyzing the landfill sludge, and determining the pH value and the odor pollutant type of the sludge;
step 2: determining the landfill depth and horizontal distribution of the landfill sludge;
and step 3: preparing a plurality of oxidation preparations;
and 4, step 4: injecting an oxidizing agent into underground sludge by adopting in-situ mixing and stirring equipment, and stirring the oxidizing agent and the sludge underground by using an impeller stirring head of the in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; stirring uniformly, and standing for reaction for 3.5-5.5 h;
and 5: placing the curing agent into the sludge by using engineering machinery, and continuously stirring by using in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; stirring uniformly and then standing;
step 6: and after 24-48 h, performing open excavation transfer on the solidified sludge.
Preferably, a plurality of oxidation agents and catalysts are configured in the step 3; in the step 4, in-situ mixing and stirring equipment is adopted, the catalyst and the oxidizing agent are simultaneously injected into the underground sludge, and an impeller stirring head of the in-situ mixing and stirring equipment is used for stirring the oxidizing agent, the catalyst and the sludge underground; and standing for reaction for 3.5-5.5 hours after uniform stirring.
Preferably, the catalyst is one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide.
Preferably, the mass of the hydrochloric acid, the sulfuric acid or the sodium hydroxide is 0.5-3% of the mass of the sludge.
Preferably, the oxidizing agent is one or more of hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, permanganate and persulfate.
Preferably, the hypochlorite is sodium hypochlorite or potassium hypochlorite.
Preferably, the permanganate salt is sodium permanganate or potassium permanganate.
Preferably, the persulfate is sodium persulfate or potassium persulfate.
Preferably, the mass of the hydrogen peroxide is 0.3-1.5% of the mass of the sludge, and the concentration is 1-10%; the mass of the hypochlorite accounts for 1-8% of the mass of the sludge, and the concentration of the hypochlorite accounts for 1-10%; the mass of the permanganate is 1-5% of the mass of the sludge, and the concentration is 1-6%; the mass of the persulfate accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the sludge, and the concentration of the persulfate accounts for 1-20%.
Preferably, the curing agent is one or more of quicklime, lime, bentonite and magnesium oxide, and the mass of the curing agent is 3-10% of that of the sludge.
In the invention, the landfill sludge is sampled and analyzed, the pH value and the pollutant type of the sludge are mainly detected, and the use of the catalyst and the oxidation agent is determined according to the pH value and the pollutant type of the sludge.
In the invention, for the foul sludge containing sulfide, thioether or mercaptan, an alkaline catalyst, namely sodium hydroxide is used, persulfate is used as an oxidizing agent in a matching way, or one or more of hypochlorite and permanganate are directly used as the oxidizing agent without catalysis; for the nitrogen-containing foul sludge, an acidic catalyst, namely hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is used, and one or more of hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite and permanganate are used as an oxidation agent; when acid is used as a catalyst, the pH value of the sludge needs to be adjusted to 3-5, and when alkali is used as a catalyst, the pH value of the sludge needs to be adjusted to 9-12; for the fetid sludge with uncertain type, the oxidizing agent is determined according to the pH value of the sludge, the pH value is acidic, one or more of hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite and permanganate are used, and the pH value is alkaline, persulfate is used. The use and combination of oxidizing agents and catalysts in the present invention is not limited thereto, but is illustrative only.
In the present invention, the concentration of the oxidizing agent is related to the solubility and the reaction condition, and if the temperature is low, the concentration needs to be lowered so as not to block the injection line. Generally, in the actual operation process, only the medicament solution with the concentration lower than the saturation concentration needs to be prepared according to the actual air temperature.
In the present invention, the oxidizing agent is generally used in high concentration as much as possible under allowable conditions to reduce the amount of clean water brought in.
In the invention, the adding amounts of the oxidation agent, the catalyst and the curing agent are all related to the mass of the sludge, the mass of the sludge is estimated by volume, and the volume is calculated by the depth of the sludge and the coverage area of the sludge.
In the present invention, the mass of the oxidizing agent, the catalyst and the curing agent refers to the mass of the effective ingredient, i.e., the solute.
In the present invention, the curing is performed for the convenience of later transfer, and the standing time is not critical as long as the addition amount of the curing agent is sufficient, and is within a time range. In general, reference is made to the "sludge treatment mixed landfill argillaceous substance of urban sewage treatment plant (CJ/T249-2007) standard", and the unconfined compressive strength reaches more than 50 KPa.
The invention provides an optimized disposal method of landfill sludge, which uses in-situ mixing and stirring equipment to inject an oxidant or a catalyst into underground sludge and carries out in-situ stirring. After the reaction is finished, a certain amount of curing agent is mixed into the sludge. Finally, excavating and transferring the treated sludge. The method of excavation after in-situ treatment is adopted, the problem of odor pollution in the sludge excavation process is solved, meanwhile, the sludge is treated, and the method has good economic and social benefits.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) and the construction operability is strong. The mixing and stirring equipment used in the method is directly arranged on the hydraulic excavator, can be used for in-situ mixing and stirring of the sludge and the preparation, is very suitable for operation in complicated fields of landfill sludge, and does not need to be provided with supporting facilities such as hardened ground or roads.
(2) The equipment investment cost is low. The method uses engineering machinery for treatment, does not need to purchase equipment or a production line required by conventional sludge treatment, and has low equipment investment cost and good production flexibility.
(3) The treatment period is short. The method uses high-efficiency oxidation preparation and matched catalytic agent, and can realize the oxidative degradation of the malodorous substances in the sludge in a short time through chemical reaction, thereby achieving the aim of deodorization.
(4) The treatment is thorough. The method not only can remove the odor of the sludge, but also has good treatment effect on organic pollutants, thereby thoroughly treating the sludge.
(5) No secondary pollution. The method adopts the modes of injecting the oxidation agent in situ and stirring underground, and can avoid the influence of odor diffusion on the surrounding environment caused by sludge excavation.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration exceeds 10000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is ammonia;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a hydrochloric acid solution with a certain concentration and a hydrogen peroxide solution (hydrogen peroxide) with a concentration of 5%;
3. injecting the two solutions into underground sludge simultaneously by two injection pipes;
4. stirring by using a blade on a stirring head through mixing and stirring equipment arranged on a hydraulic excavator to fully and uniformly stir the solution and the sludge, wherein the adding amount of hydrochloric acid is 0.5 percent of the mass of the sludge, and the adding amount of hydrogen peroxide is 1.5 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 5.5 hours, mixing quicklime accounting for 8% of the mass of the sludge by using a hydraulic excavator;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 24 hours.
Through detection, the odor concentration of the sludge is reduced to 25, and no obvious odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 2
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration exceeds 10000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is ammonia;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a sulfuric acid solution with a certain concentration and a hydrogen peroxide solution (hydrogen peroxide) with a concentration of 1%;
3. injecting the two solutions into underground sludge simultaneously by two injection pipes;
4. stirring by using a blade on a stirring head through mixing and stirring equipment arranged on a hydraulic excavator to fully and uniformly stir the solution and the sludge, wherein the adding amount of sulfuric acid is 1.5 percent of the mass of the sludge, and the adding amount of hydrogen peroxide is 1 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 4 hours, lime accounting for 4 percent of the mass of the sludge and magnesium oxide accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the sludge are mixed by using a hydraulic excavator;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 48 hours.
The odor concentration of the sludge is detected to be reduced to 50, and no obvious odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 3
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration exceeds 10000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is ammonia;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a sodium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 10%;
3. arranging an injection pipe to inject the solution into the underground sludge;
4. through a mixing and stirring device arranged on a hydraulic excavator, stirring is carried out by utilizing blades on a stirring head, so that the solution and the sludge are fully stirred uniformly, and the adding amount of sodium hypochlorite is 5% of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 5 hours, a hydraulic excavator is used for mixing magnesium oxide accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the sludge;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 24 hours.
The odor concentration of the sludge is detected to be reduced to 100, and no obvious odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 4
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration exceeds 10000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is ammonia;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a potassium hypochlorite solution with the concentration of 5%;
3. arranging an injection pipe to inject the solution into the underground sludge;
4. stirring by using a blade on a stirring head through a mixing and stirring device arranged on a hydraulic excavator to fully stir the solution and the sludge, wherein the adding amount of potassium hypochlorite is 1 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 5 hours, a hydraulic excavator is used for mixing magnesium oxide accounting for 4% of the mass of the sludge;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 24 hours.
Through detection, the odor concentration of the sludge is reduced to 1000, and certain odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 5
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration is 2000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is dimethyl sulfide;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 4%;
3. arranging an injection pipe to inject the solution into the underground sludge;
4. stirring by using a blade on a stirring head through a mixing and stirring device arranged on a hydraulic excavator to ensure that the solution and the sludge are fully stirred uniformly, wherein the adding amount of potassium permanganate is 2 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 3.5 hours, a hydraulic excavator is used for mixing magnesium oxide accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the sludge;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 48 hours.
Through detection, the odor concentration of the sludge is reduced to 100, and a small amount of odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 6
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration is 2000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is dimethyl sulfide;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with a certain concentration and a sodium persulfate solution with a concentration of 20%;
3. arranging an injection pipe to inject the solution into the underground sludge;
4. stirring by using blades on a stirring head through mixing and stirring equipment arranged on a hydraulic excavator to ensure that the solution and the sludge are fully stirred uniformly, wherein the adding amount of sodium hydroxide is 0.5 percent of the mass of the sludge, and the adding amount of sodium persulfate is 3 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 4 hours, a hydraulic excavator is used for mixing magnesium oxide accounting for 3 percent of the mass of the sludge;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 48 hours.
Through detection, the odor concentration of the sludge is reduced to 25, and no obvious odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 7
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by adopting a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration is 5000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is carbon disulfide;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with a certain concentration and a sodium persulfate solution with a concentration of 20%;
3. injecting the two solutions into underground sludge simultaneously by two injection pipes;
4. stirring by using blades on a stirring head through mixing and stirring equipment arranged on a hydraulic excavator to ensure that the solution and the sludge are fully stirred uniformly, wherein the adding amount of sodium hydroxide is 0.5 percent of the mass of the sludge, and the adding amount of sodium persulfate is 3 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 4 hours, a hydraulic excavator is used for mixing bentonite accounting for 10 percent of the mass of the sludge;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 24 hours.
The odor concentration of the sludge is detected to be reduced to 100, and no obvious odor exists in a disposal site.
Example 8
After a certain landfill sludge is detected by adopting a three-point comparison type odor bag method for determining air quality odor (GB/T14675 + 1993), the odor concentration is 5000.
The method is adopted for treatment:
1. detecting and analyzing the sludge sample, wherein the result shows that the main odor pollutant is carbon disulfide;
2. calculating the mass of the sludge, and preparing a sodium hydroxide solution with a certain concentration and a potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 5%;
3. injecting the two solutions into underground sludge simultaneously by two injection pipes;
4. stirring by using a blade on a stirring head through mixing and stirring equipment arranged on a hydraulic excavator to ensure that the solution and the sludge are fully stirred uniformly, wherein the adding amount of sodium hydroxide is 0.5 percent of the mass of the sludge, and the adding amount of potassium persulfate is 1 percent of the mass of the sludge;
5. after the sludge mixed with the medicament is subjected to standing reaction for 5.5 hours, a hydraulic excavator is used for mixing bentonite accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the sludge;
6. and digging out the treated sludge after 24 hours.
Through detection, the odor concentration of the sludge is reduced to 500, and a small amount of odor exists in a disposal site.
Claims (6)
1. A disposal method of landfill sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: the disposal method comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling and analyzing the landfill sludge, and determining the pH value and odor pollutant type of the sludge;
step 2: determining the landfill depth and horizontal distribution of the landfill sludge;
and step 3: preparing a plurality of oxidation preparations and catalysts; the catalyst is one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide, and the mass of the hydrochloric acid, the sulfuric acid or the sodium hydroxide is 0.5-3% of that of the sludge;
for the foul sludge containing sulfide, thioether or mercaptan, sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst, and one or more of persulfate, hypochlorite and permanganate are used as an oxidation agent and are directly used; adjusting the pH value of the sludge to 9-12;
for the nitrogen-containing foul sludge, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, and one or more of hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite and permanganate are used as an oxidation agent; adjusting the pH value of the sludge to 3-5;
for the foul sludge with uncertain type, determining an oxidant according to the pH value of the sludge, wherein if the pH value is acidic, one or more of hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite and permanganate are used, and if the pH value is alkaline, persulfate is used;
and 4, step 4: injecting the catalyst and the oxidizing agent into underground sludge by adopting in-situ mixing and stirring equipment, and stirring the oxidizing agent, the catalyst and the sludge underground by using an impeller stirring head of the in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; stirring uniformly, and standing for reaction for 3.5-5.5 h;
and 5: placing the curing agent into the sludge by using engineering machinery, and continuously stirring by using in-situ mixing and stirring equipment; stirring uniformly and then standing;
step 6: and after 24-48 h, performing open excavation transfer on the solidified sludge.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the hypochlorite is sodium hypochlorite or potassium hypochlorite.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the permanganate is sodium permanganate or potassium permanganate.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the persulfate is sodium persulfate or potassium persulfate.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the mass of the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 0.3-1.5% of the mass of the sludge, and the mass concentration of the raw material is 1-10%; the mass of the hypochlorite accounts for 1-8% of the mass of the sludge, and the mass concentration of the raw material is 1-10%; the mass of the permanganate accounts for 1-5% of the mass of the sludge, and the mass concentration of the raw material is 1-6%; the mass of the persulfate accounts for 1-3% of the mass of the sludge, and the mass concentration of the raw material accounts for 1-20%.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the curing agent is one or more of quicklime, lime, bentonite and magnesium oxide, and the mass of the curing agent is 3-10% of that of the sludge.
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| CN108773990B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2021-04-20 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Sludge in-situ solidification construction method |
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| CN103011539A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-04-03 | 常州大学 | Sludge deodorization method |
| CN204298226U (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-04-29 | 上海稳上创新技术有限公司 | A kind of system for sludge in-situ stable curing |
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