CN107627002B - Laser cladding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a laser cladding device, comprising: the wire feeder comprises a wire feeder, a spray head and a wire guide pipe, wherein the wire guide pipe is connected with the wire feeder and the spray head, and the wire guide pipe penetrates through one side of the spray head along the direction of the wire feeder and is connected with the spray head; an upper sealing gasket and a lower sealing gasket are respectively arranged at the position, penetrating through the spray head, of the wire guide tube along the wire feeder direction, the lower sealing gasket is arranged on the supporting seat, and the upper sealing gasket is arranged on the supporting cover; the lower sealing gasket comprises a fixing part and a wire guide tube through hole, the fixing part is a columnar through hole, the columnar through hole is connected with the supporting seat through a bolt, the diameter of the bolt is smaller than the inner diameter of the columnar through hole, and the columnar through hole can slide along the direction of the columnar through hole, so that the position of the lower sealing gasket is adjusted; the upper sealing gasket comprises a fixing part and a wire guide tube through hole, and is connected with the support cover through the fixing part; the device overcomes the defects that in the prior art, a wire feeding hose is bent in the process of moving cladding, friction resistance of wires in the conveying process is different, and the speed of the wires leaving the nozzle is changed, so that the shape and the dimensional accuracy of a high-accuracy cladding layer cannot be ensured, and if the bending radius of the hose is small, the problem of wire blocking is easily caused.

Description

Laser cladding device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a laser cladding device, and belongs to the field of laser processing.

Background

The laser cladding is a laser surface modification technology, which is to add cladding material (powder feeding, wire feeding, presetting, etc.) on the surface of a workpiece (or a matrix material), and heat the cladding material and the thin metal on the surface of the matrix by high-energy density laser to quickly reach a molten state, and then quickly solidify and crystallize into a cladding layer by the heat conduction of the workpiece, so as to obtain a modified layer or a repair layer which is metallurgically combined with the matrix material, has low dilution rate and has various characteristics. Compared with the traditional surface treatment technology of surfacing, thermal spraying, electroplating and the like, the method has the advantages of wide applicable material system, controllable dilution rate of the cladding layer, metallurgical bonding of the cladding layer and the matrix, small thermal deformation of the matrix, easy realization of automation of the process and the like. Therefore, since the 80 s of the 20 th century, the laser cladding technology has received wide attention at home and abroad and has been applied to various industrial fields.

Chinese patent publication No. CN2608209Y discloses one of: the utility model provides a wire feeder for laser cladding, a serial communication port, including frame (1), press from both sides send wheel pair (2), motor (3), reduction gear (4), wherein motor (3), reduction gear (4) are fixed on frame (1), the output shaft of motor (3) is connected with the input shaft of reduction gear (4), the action wheel of pressing from both sides send wheel pair (2) is fixed on the output shaft of reduction gear (4), install from the driving wheel side at the action wheel, the wire for laser cladding is sent under the clamp of action wheel and follow driving wheel, press from both sides send the driving wheel of wheel pair (2) and install at both adjustable follow wheel and the interval between the action wheel, can guarantee the afterbody of frame (1) on the spring pressure regulating slide mechanism of certain pressure force again, with press from both sides send wheel pair (2) feed direction and be consistent the place ahead on still be equipped with straightening mechanism, straightening roller (5) of a plurality of two rows staggered arrangement, wherein its wire guide tube (6) are fixed on frame (1), still be equipped with on frame (1) and be used for fixing and handle on the angle of focusing mirror and hanging mirror and blowing on the side direction of the device, the pressure of blowing device is even, can not be protected in the side direction of the current, the side direction difference is different, the blowing effect is not protected in the side direction of the blowing device.

Chinese patent publication No.: CN201390782Y discloses one of: a wire feeding device of a laser cladding system comprises a bracket (2) and a wire feeding nozzle (6), wherein a pinch roll wheel pair is arranged in the bracket (2), a driving wheel (31) of the pinch roll wheel pair is connected with an output shaft of a motor (8), and the motor (8) is fixedly arranged on the bracket (2); the method is characterized in that: the motor (8) is a stepping motor, and the stepping motor (8) is connected with a controller of the laser cladding system; the wire feeding nozzle (6) is connected with the bracket (2) through a three-dimensional regulator (5).

Chinese patent publication No.: the CN201817550U adopts the following technical scheme: the laser cladding forming equipment comprises a CNC (computer numerical control) working platform, a wire feeding device and a control system, wherein the CNC working platform is provided with a working platform capable of performing X-Y-Z three-dimensional movement, a laser device is fixedly arranged above the working platform, and the laser beam output end of the laser device is opposite to the working platform; the wire feeding device comprises a bracket and a wire feeding nozzle, a pinch roll wheel pair is arranged in the bracket, a driving wheel of the pinch roll wheel pair is connected with an output shaft of a stepping motor, the stepping motor is fixedly arranged on the bracket, and the wire feeding nozzle is connected with the bracket through a three-dimensional regulator; the control system comprises a motion control module provided with motion control software, the motion control module is provided with a multi-axis motion control card, the multi-axis motion control card is respectively connected with the stepping motor and a driving motor for driving the X-Y-Z three-dimensional motion of the workbench, and the multi-axis motion control card is also connected with a laser head rotation driving device of the laser device.

Chinese patent publication No.: CN203999820U is a laser cladding synchronous moving universal wire feeder, which comprises an optical head and a laser melting pool below the optical head, and is characterized in that: one side fixedly connected with horizontal pole of optical head, the rear end of horizontal pole articulates there is the upper connecting rod, the bottom rotation of upper connecting rod is connected with down the connecting rod, the bottom of lower connecting rod articulates there is the fixed connecting rod of direction mouth, be fixed with the direction mouth of horizontal setting on the fixed connecting rod of direction mouth, have the wire to pass the direction mouth and extend to in the laser molten pool.

The laser cladding device has the following problems: the integrated laser cladding device that can not be effectual with send silk structure integration regulatable and control is unfavorable for saving space, can increase and send silk length, leads to the silk material to slide unsmoothly at the transmission in-process distance overlength, leads to cladding work unable effective expansion, can't guarantee the condition of cladding layer shape and the dimensional accuracy of high accuracy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser cladding device, which is integrated with a wire feeder, a nozzle and a supporting seat, thereby being beneficial to saving the size space of the whole laser cladding device, reducing the wire transmission distance, ensuring the wire transmission stability and ensuring the shape and dimensional accuracy of a high-precision cladding layer.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser cladding apparatus comprising: the wire feeder comprises a wire feeder, a spray head and a wire guide pipe, wherein the wire guide pipe is connected with the wire feeder and the spray head, and the wire guide pipe penetrates through one side of the spray head along the direction of the wire feeder and is connected with the spray head.

Further, the wire guide tube is provided with an upper sealing gasket and a lower sealing gasket along the direction of the wire feeder penetrating through the nozzle, the lower sealing gasket is arranged on the supporting seat, and the upper sealing gasket is arranged on the supporting cover.

Further, the lower sealing gasket comprises a fixing part and a wire guide tube through hole, the fixing part is a columnar through hole, the columnar through hole is connected with a supporting seat through a bolt, the diameter of the bolt is smaller than the inner diameter of the columnar through hole, and the columnar through hole can slide along the direction of the columnar through hole, so that the position of the lower sealing gasket is adjusted.

Further, the upper sealing gasket comprises a fixing part and a wire guide tube through hole, and the upper sealing gasket is connected with the support cover through the fixing part.

Further, a wire guide tube is arranged in the wire guide tube through hole.

Further, the spray head comprises a sealing structure and a spray nozzle, wherein the sealing structure comprises a supporting seat, a supporting cover, a spectroscope and a reflecting focusing mirror, wherein the spectroscope and the reflecting focusing mirror are arranged in the supporting seat and the supporting cover, the spectroscope and the reflecting focusing mirror are coaxial, the spectroscope comprises at least two spectromirrors, and the spectromirrors are plane or arc surfaces; the reflecting focusing mirror is provided with a focusing mirror surface facing the beam splitting mirror surface, and the focusing mirror surface is an arc-shaped mirror surface or is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped mirror surfaces.

Further, the number of the reflection focusing mirrors is three, and the three reflection focusing mirrors are uniformly distributed around the spectroscope.

Further, the beam splitter receives an incident light beam and reflects the incident light beam to form a reflected light beam, and the reflecting focusing mirror receives the reflected light beam and converts the reflected light beam into a focused light beam

Further, the guide wire tube is staggered with the reflected light beam on the spectroscope and the focusing light beam on the focusing mirror.

Furthermore, the support seat is also provided with a first cooling system for cooling the reflection focusing mirror by circulating the cooling medium and a second cooling system for cooling the spectroscope by circulating the cooling medium.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

first, send silk machine and shower nozzle to become and arrange from top to bottom, whole device is carrying out beat cladding in-process, and the space that occupies is littleer, and the structure is compacter, more is favorable to carrying out cladding work in narrow and small space.

Secondly, seal structure is adopted in seal structure and some seal structure that inside itself provided of shower nozzle in addition to the wire guide pipe and shower nozzle junction, realizes the seal of whole shower nozzle, guarantees at cladding in-process that the foreign matter can't go into cladding shower nozzle inside, especially risk on the lens, has guaranteed the life-span of accurate spare part and cladding efficiency scheduling requirement.

Thirdly, because of the manufacturing error and the assembly error, the position of the wire guide nozzle output by the wire feeder and the position of the wire feeding flexible shaft received by the spray head are changed, the wire feeding hose is easy to twist, the internal resistance of the wire feeding hose is increased, the wire feeding is not smooth, and the cladding quality is affected.

Fourth, send integrative setting of silk machine can avoid sending the silk hose length, leads to the resistance of silk material in transmission process to be great, leads to the silk material to slide unsmoothly very easily, leads to cladding work unable effective expansion, can't guarantee the condition of high accuracy cladding layer shape and dimensional accuracy.

Fifth,: the problem that in the prior art, a nozzle is bent in the process of moving cladding, friction resistance of wires in the conveying process is different, and the speed of the wires after leaving the nozzle is changed is solved, so that the shape and the dimensional accuracy of a high-precision cladding layer cannot be guaranteed, if the bending radius of the hose is small, the problem of wire blocking is easily caused, the nozzle cannot work normally, the nozzle and a wire feeder are integrated together, the problem can be completely solved, the stability of wire feeding speed is guaranteed, the cladding space is reduced, and cladding work can be carried out in a narrow space.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention, as it is embodied in the following description, with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a laser cladding apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wire feeder of the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alignment structure and a wire feeding structure of the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connecting bracket structure of the laser cladding device of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a connecting pad structure of the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial view of the support and nozzle of the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a partially exploded view of a portion of the structure of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a partially exploded view of a portion of the structure of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a partially exploded view of the sprinkler head of fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a partially exploded view of the adjustment bracket of fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is an exploded view of the support base, adjustment bracket portion structure of fig. 6.

Fig. 12 is an exploded view of the support cover and adjustment bracket portion of fig. 6.

Fig. 13 is an exploded view of the connector of fig. 6.

Fig. 14 is an exploded view of the beam splitter, support, and adjustment bracket of fig. 6.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the reflecting focusing mirror and the beam splitter in the base surface in FIG. 6.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a sealing structure of the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a sealing gasket structure of the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention includes a wire feeder 110 and a nozzle 2, the wire feeder 110 and the nozzle are integrally disposed through a connection bracket 140, the nozzle 2 is disposed below the connection bracket, the wire feeder 110 is disposed above the connection bracket 140, the connection bracket 140 connects the wire feeder 110 and the nozzle 2, the connection bracket 140 includes a body 143, a first extension portion 141 and a second extension portion 142, the first extension portion 141 extends along a plane of the body 143, the second extension portion 142 extends along a plane of the body 143 in a vertical direction, wherein the 142 surface is mainly connected with a manipulator or a driving device of the cladding apparatus to realize movement of the nozzle, the first extension portion 141 is connected with the wire feeder 110, the body 143 is connected with the spray head, the first portion of the wire feeder 110 is connected with the extension 141 and further comprises a connecting structure 130, the connecting structure 130 is a reverse-U-shaped structure portion 132, the reverse-U-shaped structure portion 132 is arranged between the wire feeder 110 and the connecting support 140, the reverse-U-shaped structure 132 is composed of an opening 133 and a connecting portion 134, the opening 133 is higher than the connecting portion 134, the spray head further comprises a shockproof gasket 135, the shockproof gasket 135 is arranged at the joint of the wire feeder 110 and the connecting support 140, the spray head comprises a sealing structure, the spray head comprises a supporting seat 1, a supporting cover 8, a flashboard 811, a connector 10, a light through pipe 9, an upper sealing gasket 171, a lower sealing gasket 172 and a transparent mirror 170, and a sealing space is formed inside the spray head. Related structures such as a spectroscope, a focusing lens bracket and the like are arranged in the space.

The guide wire tube 119 passes through the support seat 1 and is sealed by adopting an upper sealing gasket 171 and a lower sealing gasket 172, a light outlet 160 is arranged on the support seat 1, and a light transmitting mirror 170 is arranged at the position of the light outlet in a sealing way, so that light beams can be transmitted.

The sealing structure effectively prevents dust, smoke and other fried matters from splashing to the spectroscope and the focusing lens in the spray head during cladding, effectively prolongs the service life of the lens, and also improves the precision of reflection and focusing of the lens.

Because of the manufacturing error and the assembly error, the position of the wire guide nozzle output by the wire feeder and the position of the wire feeding flexible shaft received by the nozzle are changed, so that the wire feeding hose is easily twisted, the internal resistance of the wire feeding hose is increased, the wire is not smooth to convey, and the cladding quality is affected.

The wire feeder 110 is connected to the connection structure 130 by a bolt, the connection structure 130 is connected to the first extension portion 141 of the connection bracket 140 by a bolt, and the support cover 8 is connected to the body 143 of the connection bracket 140 by a bolt.

In the structure, a laser cladding device 100 comprises a sealing structure and a spray head 2, wherein the components are arranged into an integrated structure through a connecting bracket 140, a connecting structure 130 is further arranged at the joint of a wire feeder 120 and the connecting bracket 140, the connecting structure 130 is of a wedge-shaped structure, and the wedge-shaped structure is a connecting part with a certain inclination angle, so that the wire feeding direction of the wire feeder 120 is along the direction of the spray head; the beneficial effects are as follows:

first, the laser cladding device 100 is an integrated structure, saving space;

secondly, the wire feeder 110 is integrally arranged, so that the situation that the wire feeding hose is long, the resistance of the wire in the transmission process is relatively large, the wire is easy to slide and unsmooth, the cladding work cannot be effectively unfolded, and the shape and the dimensional accuracy of a high-precision cladding layer cannot be ensured can be avoided;

third,: the problem that in the prior art, the nozzle 2 bends in the process of moving cladding, friction resistance of wires in the conveying process is different, and the speed of the wires after leaving the nozzle is changed, so that the shape and the dimensional accuracy of a high-precision cladding layer cannot be guaranteed, if the bending radius of the hose is small, the problem that the wire is blocked easily exists, the nozzle cannot normally work, the nozzle and a wire feeder are integrated together, the problem can be completely solved, the stability of the wire feeding speed is guaranteed, the cladding space is reduced, and cladding work can be carried out in a narrow space.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the wire feeder of the laser cladding apparatus includes: the wire feeding device comprises a bearing part 116, an alignment structure 117 and a wire feeding structure 118, and further comprises a wire tray support 112 and a wire tray 111 arranged on the wire tray support, wherein the alignment structure 117, the wire feeding structure 118 and the wire tray support 112 are fixed on the bearing part 116 through bolts, the wire feeding structure 118 comprises a driving structure 115, a driving wheel 1177 and an adjusting device, the driving structure 115 comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer, the driving structure is connected with the driving wheel 1177, the adjusting device comprises a pressing rod II 1179, a handle 1178 and a movable pulley 1172, the pressing rod II 1179 is of a triangle structure comprising three vertex angles, the three vertex angles are respectively provided with a fixing part, the movable pulley 1172 and a through hole, the fixing part is fixedly arranged on the bearing part 116 through bolts, the movable pulley 1172 is fixedly arranged on one vertex angle of the three vertex angles through bolts, the through hole is connected on a screw rod extending parallel to the plane where the bearing part 116 is located, and the handle 1178 is of a hollow structure matched with the fixing bolt; when the wire feeding device is used, the length of a screw rod extended by the handle 1178 and the fixing bolt is increased or reduced by rotating the handle 1178, so that the position of the movable pulley 1172 arranged on the second press rod 1179 is adjusted, the driving wheel 1177 and the movable pulley 1172 arranged on the second press rod 1179 are arranged oppositely, the distance between the driving wheel 1177 and the movable pulley 1172 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the movable pulley 1172 arranged on the second press rod 1179, wires are effectively fastened, the wires are prevented from sliding, and the uneven wire feeding is prevented.

The driving wheel 1177 is provided with two wire feeding grooves, the fixed pulley 1171 and the movable pulley 1172 are fixed on the bearing part 116 through bolts, and the wire feeding channels are adjusted and the transmission of wires with different specifications is realized through adjusting the positions of the bolts and matching with the two wire feeding grooves of the driving wheel 1177.

Therefore, the wire feeding structure of the laser cladding device can meet the requirements of different wires, and has an adjusting structure, so that the wire feeding machine works stably and the wire output is stable.

The alignment structure 117 includes a first pressing rod 1173, a fixing piece 1174, a fixing portion, a movable pulley 1172, a fixed pulley 1171, a screw 1175, and an adjusting nut 1176, and is characterized in that: one end of the first pressing rod 1173 is provided with a movable pulley 1172, the other end of the first pressing rod 1173 is fixedly arranged on the bearing part 116, the fixing part 1175 comprises a fixing part and a through hole, the fixing part is arranged on the bearing part 116 through a bolt, the screw rod 1175 penetrates through the through hole of the fixing part 1174 to be connected with the first pressing rod 1173, an adjusting nut 1176 is arranged on the part of the fixing part 1174 where the screw rod 1175 is located and the first pressing rod 1173, the distance between the fixing part 1174 and the first pressing rod 1173 is increased through rotating the adjusting nut 1176, and one end of the first pressing rod 1173 is fixedly arranged on the bearing part 116, so that when the distance between the fixing part 1174 and the first pressing rod 1173 is increased, the movable pulley 1172 arranged at the other end of the first pressing rod 1173 moves along with the first pressing rod 1173 in the direction away from the fixing part 1174, and the position of the movable pulley 1172 can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, the straightening structure includes three fixed pulleys 1171 disposed on the same straight line and along the wire conveying direction, and also includes two adjusting structures including a pressing rod 1173, a fixing piece 1174, a movable pulley 1172, a screw 1175 and an adjusting nut 1176, after the wire enters the straightening structure 117, the wire is straightened for the first time through the first movable pulley 1172 and the two fixed pulleys 1171, and then straightened for the second time through the second movable pulley 1172 and the two fixed pulleys 1171, and the five pulleys, the two movable pulleys 1172 and the three fixed pulleys 1171 of the straightening structure can effectively improve the straightening efficiency, and the straightening effect is better through one pass.

All the fixed pulleys 1171 and the movable pulleys 1172 are of pulley structures provided with V grooves, further, each pulley can slide on a screw so as to conduct different wires, and the straightening effect can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first pressing rod 1173 and the fixing piece 1174.

The beneficial effects, firstly, through setting up three tight pulley, two take-up pulleys for the silk material is when passing through straighter structure, and straighter exerting pressure of at least three times, and contact silk material part running roller correction volume earlier is greater than the partial running roller correction volume of back contact silk material, and straighter effect is obvious.

And secondly, through a roller structure of a group of five rollers, at least two three-point positioning correction is formed, so that the correction effect is more uniform and smooth.

In this embodiment, the carrying portion 116 includes: load-bearing panel, its characterized in that: the structure further comprises an upper extending bearing structure 1161 and a lower extending bearing structure 1163 which are arranged on the bearing panel and perpendicular to the direction of the bearing panel, wherein an upper through hole 1162 is formed in the upper extending bearing structure 1161, a lower through hole 1164 is formed in the lower extending bearing structure 1163, and the upper through hole 1162 and the lower through hole 1164 are columnar through holes and are correspondingly arranged.

The wire feeder 110 in this embodiment further includes an upper wire guide nozzle 113 and a lower wire guide nozzle 114, where the upper wire guide nozzle 113 and the lower wire guide nozzle 114 are of hollow bolt structures, the upper wire guide nozzle 113 is tightly pressed in an upper through hole 1162 by an upper nut and a lower nut and a gasket, the lower wire guide nozzle 114 is arranged in a lower through hole 1164 by an upper nut and a lower nut and a gasket, and the columnar through hole can adjust the positions of the upper wire guide nozzle 113 and the lower wire guide nozzle 114 by adjusting the upper nut and the lower nut and the gasket.

When the wire straightening device is used, the positions of the upper wire guide nozzle 113 are adjusted to correspond to the V-shaped grooves of the fixed pulley 1171 and the movable pulley 1172 in the straightening structure 117, simultaneously correspond to the V-shaped grooves of the driving wheel 1177 and the movable pulley 1172 in the wire feeding structure 118, simultaneously correspond to the positions of the lower wire guide nozzle 114 to enable wires to be positioned on the same straight line, and the adjustment of the upper wire guide nozzle 114, the movable pulley 1172, the fixed pulley 1171, the driving wheel 1177 and the lower wire guide nozzle 114 is used for corresponding to different wires and corresponds to different V-shaped groove widths to finish the straightening and wire feeding processes of different wires.

Referring to fig. 6 and 14, the laser cladding apparatus of the present invention includes a support base 1 and a nozzle 2 located below the support base 1. The supporting seat 1 is a cylinder, the supporting seat 1 is provided with an upper surface 14, the upper surface 14 is provided with an adjusting bracket 5, a spectroscope groove 15 for fixing the spectroscope is formed on the upper surface 14 in a concave manner, a bracket groove for fixing each adjusting bracket 5 is formed in a concave manner, and a light outlet 160 penetrates through the supporting seat. The support seat 1 is provided with a spectroscope 3 and at least two reflection focusing mirrors 4 which are arranged on the circumference of the spectroscope 3, the reflection focusing mirrors 4 are fixed on the support seat 1 through an adjusting bracket 5 and fine adjustment of the positions is carried out through the adjusting bracket 5, and the adjusting bracket 5 is fixed on the support seat 1 through a bracket groove (not numbered); in this embodiment, the number of the reflecting focusing mirrors 4 and the adjusting brackets 5 is three, and the three reflecting focusing mirrors 4 are uniformly distributed around the beam splitter 3, and each reflecting focusing mirror 4 is corresponding to one adjusting bracket 5. Indeed, in other embodiments, the number of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 and the adjusting bracket 5 may be two or four or more. The center vertical line of the supporting seat 1 overlaps with the optical axis of the spectroscope 3, and each bracket groove 16 is uniformly arranged around the upper surface 14 relative to the spectroscope groove 15. The beam splitter 3 receives an incident light beam and reflects the incident light beam to form a reflected light beam, and the reflection focusing mirror 4 receives the reflected light beam and converts the reflected light beam into a focused light beam, which passes through the light outlet 160 penetrating the support base 1 and then forms a cladding focus on a substrate (not shown). The support seat 1 is also provided with a first cooling system 6 for cooling the reflection focusing mirror 4 by circulating a cooling medium, a second cooling system 7 for cooling the spectroscope 3 by circulating the cooling medium, and a support cover 8 arranged on the support seat 1. The support seat 1 and the support seat cover 8 are provided with a storage space (not numbered) for storing the spectroscope 3 and the reflection focusing mirror 4, and the spectroscope 3 and the reflection focusing mirror 4 are stored through the support seat 1 and the support seat cover 8, so that the whole structure of the device is integrated, and a dust-proof effect is achieved. The top of the support cover 8 is provided with an opening (not numbered) for enabling the storage space to be communicated with the outside, the support cover 8 is provided with a light through pipe 9 which is in butt joint with the opening, the support base 1 is provided with a connector 10 for fixing the light through pipe 9, the connector 10 is movably mounted on the support base 1, and the connector 10 enables the light through pipe 9 to move and/or deflect relative to the support base 1, so that the position and the angle relation between the incident light beam and the spectroscope 3 are changed.

Referring to fig. 7, the first cooling system 6 of the present invention includes a pipe 61 connecting three reflection focusing mirrors 4 and a cooling channel (not shown) formed in each of the reflection focusing mirrors 4, each of the pipe 61 being in butt joint with the cooling channel. The two ends of each pipeline 61 are provided with water pipe male connectors 611; two sides of each cooling channel are provided with channel ports 62, and each channel port 62 is provided with a female water pipe connector 621 which is in butt joint with the water Guan Gong connector 611. In the present embodiment, one ends of the two water pipes 61 are defined as a first water inlet 612 and a first water outlet 613, respectively, and the first water inlet 612 and the first water outlet 613 are provided on the holder cover (not shown). The first cooling system 6 can realize the cooling effect on the reflecting focusing mirror 4, reduce the thermal deformation of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 and prolong the service life of the reflecting focusing mirror; meanwhile, the first water inlet 612 and the first water outlet 613 are arranged on the support cover, so that the support cover is convenient to directly connect with an external water supply system, the influence on the precision of the device due to repeated disassembly is avoided, and the working efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 8, the second cooling system 7 of the present invention includes a water inlet channel 71, a water outlet channel 72, and a beam splitter cavity 73 formed in the beam splitter 3, wherein the water inlet channel 71 and the water outlet channel 72 are in butt joint with the beam splitter cavity 73. The water inlet channel 71 and the water outlet channel 72 are arranged in the supporting seat 1, the supporting seat 1 is provided with a supporting seat side wall 11, and the water inlet channel 71 is provided with a second water inlet 711 formed on the supporting seat side wall 11; the outlet 72 channel has a second outlet 721 formed in the side wall 11 of the support block. The second cooling system 7 can realize the cooling effect on the spectroscope 3, reduce the thermal deformation of the spectroscope 3 and prolong the service life of the spectroscope 3; meanwhile, the second water inlet 711 and the second water outlet 721 are arranged on the side wall 11 of the supporting seat, so that the water supply system is convenient to directly connect with an external water supply system, the influence on the precision of the device caused by repeated disassembly is avoided, and the working efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 9, the nozzle 2 of the present invention includes a nozzle 21, a gun body 22, and a fine adjustment device 23 for fine adjusting the position of the nozzle 2, wherein the nozzle 21 is disposed at the bottom of the gun body 22, the fine adjustment device 23 is disposed at the top of the gun body 22, and the fine adjustment device 23 is capable of being displaced relative to the support (not shown). In the present embodiment, the fine adjustment device 23 includes at least one spacer 231 and a fixing portion 232 disposed on the top of the gun body 22, in this embodiment, the number of the spacers 231 is 2, and in other embodiments, the number of the spacers 231 may be one or three or more, so as to mainly adjust the distance between the nozzle and the cladding focal point. The gasket 231 is clamped between the fixing part 232 and the supporting seat; the spacer 231 and the fixing portion 232 are provided with second through holes 233, second through hole rods 234 are inserted into the second through holes 233, and the diameter of the second through holes 233 is larger than that of the second through hole rods 234. Since the diameter of the second through hole 233 is larger than that of the second through hole rod 234, the fine adjustment device 23 can be moved slightly, and the second through hole rod 234 can be used for fastening the nozzle 2, so that the purpose of circumferential fine adjustment of the nozzle 2 relative to the support seat can be achieved. In this embodiment, the second via rod 234 is a screw, and the second via rod 234 is connected to the support base through a thread (not shown), so as to facilitate adjustment of the connection relationship between the second via rod 234 and the support base by adopting the threaded connection. Indeed, in other embodiments, the second via post 234 can be other fasteners.

In this embodiment, the nozzle 2 is a guide wire nozzle, and the gun body 22 has a sidewall (not numbered) and a wire feeding chamber (not shown) surrounded by the sidewall. The wire is positioned in the feeding cavity, and the wire feeding cavity extends along the longitudinal direction of the side wall. One side of the side wall is provided with a longitudinal opening 24, which longitudinal opening 24 extends in the longitudinal direction of the side wall.

Referring to fig. 10 in combination with fig. 14, the adjusting bracket 5 of the present invention includes a bracket body 51 and a first rotating shaft 52 disposed on the bracket body 51. The reflecting focusing mirror 4 includes a parabolic surface 42 for converting a reflected light beam into a focused light beam, left and right side surfaces (not shown) and (not numbered) connected to the parabolic surface 42, respectively, and a through hole 41 penetrating the left and right side surfaces. The first shaft 52 passes through the through hole 41. The frame 51 includes two opposite side plates (not numbered), opposite top plates (not numbered) and bottom plates (not shown) and a back plate (not shown) connecting the side plates, the top plates, the bottom plates and the back plate, a focusing mirror groove 511 is formed by surrounding the side plates, the top plates, the bottom plates and the back plate, the reflecting focusing mirror 4 is arranged in the focusing mirror groove 511, the first rotating shaft 52 penetrates and is mounted on the frame 51, and the reflecting focusing mirror 4 rotates relative to the frame 51 with the first rotating shaft 52 as an axle center. The adjusting bracket 5 further includes at least one first adjusting member 53 disposed on the frame 51, and in this embodiment, the number of the first adjusting members 53 is 2 based on consideration of cost and fine adjustment process, and the first adjusting members are disposed above and below the first rotating shaft 52, respectively. The first adjusting piece 53 is disposed on the back plate, and an end of the first adjusting piece 53 abuts against the reflecting focusing mirror 4. After the position of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 is finely adjusted by rotating the reflecting focusing mirror 4, the first adjusting piece 53 is used for fastening the reflecting focusing mirror 4 so as to prevent the reflecting focusing mirror 4 from being displaced due to the action of external force or gravity, thereby realizing the up-and-down rotation of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 relative to the adjusting bracket 5.

Referring to fig. 11, in this embodiment, the adjusting bracket 5 further includes a second rotating shaft 54 disposed on the frame 51, and the supporting seat 1 is provided with a second shaft hole 12 that is matched with the second rotating shaft 54. The adjusting bracket 5 further comprises a screw 55 arranged at the lower part of the bracket body 51 and a second adjusting piece 56 arranged on the side wall of the supporting seat, the second adjusting piece 56 is oppositely arranged at the left side and the right side of the second rotating shaft 54, and the second adjusting piece 56 abuts against the adjusting bracket 5; the support seat 1 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 13, the screw 55 partially extends into the arc-shaped groove 13, and the adjusting bracket 5 is fixed on the support seat 1 through the screw 55. In this embodiment, the second rotating shaft 54 is configured to more conveniently adjust the adjusting bracket 5 so as to fine-tune the circumferential position of the reflecting focusing mirror (not shown), and after the reflecting focusing mirror 4 is rotated to fine-tune the circumferential position of the reflecting focusing mirror 4, the second adjusting member 56 is used to fasten the reflecting focusing mirror 4 so as to prevent the reflecting focusing mirror 4 from being displaced due to the external force, thereby realizing the circumferential rotation of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 relative to the adjusting bracket 5. Indeed, in other embodiments, only the arcuate slot 13 and the second adjustment 56 may be provided to adjust the circumferential position of the reflective focusing mirror.

In this embodiment, the second adjusting member 56 for fine tuning the circumferential position of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 is disposed at the outer side of the optical path in the laser cladding apparatus, mainly considering that when adjusting the position of the reflecting focusing mirror 4, the light beam must be turned on, and since the light beam has high energy, if contacting the human body, a great safety accident occurs, the second adjusting member 56 is disposed at the outer side of the apparatus, which has the advantages of convenient adjustment for the user and reduced safety hazards.

Referring to fig. 12, the seat cover 8 of the present invention has a seat cover side wall 81, and a shutter 811 and a shutter (not numbered) corresponding to each position of the adjustment brackets 5 and exposing the adjustment brackets 5 are provided on the seat cover side wall 81, so as to facilitate adjustment of the first adjustment member 53, the shutter 811 sealing the shutter; meanwhile, the first adjusting piece 53 is arranged on the outer side of the light path of the laser cladding device, so that the position of the reflecting focusing mirror 4 can be conveniently and directly adjusted, and potential safety hazards existing in the adjusting process are reduced.

Referring to fig. 13, the connector 10 of the present invention includes a fixed ring 102 having a top surface (not numbered) and a bottom surface (not numbered) disposed opposite to each other, an upper ring 101 disposed on the top surface, and a lower ring 103 disposed under the bottom surface; mounting holes 104 are formed in the fixing ring 102, the upper ring 101 and the lower ring 103, and the light through pipe 9 is sequentially inserted into the mounting holes 104 of the upper ring 101 and the fixing ring 102 and is fixed through the fixing ring 102; at least two threaded holes (not numbered) are further formed in the fixed ring 102 and the upper ring 101, an adjusting screw 105 is inserted into each threaded hole, the bottom end of the adjusting screw 105 abuts against the lower ring 103, and the adjusting screw 105 can move up and down relative to the fixed ring 102 through rotation, so that deflection adjustment of the fixed ring 102 relative to the connector 10 is realized, and the aim of angle adjustment of an incident light beam is realized; the main purpose of the lower ring 103 is to avoid scraping the bottom end of the adjusting screw 105 against the surface of the support cover (not shown), which results in a reduced accuracy. In this embodiment, the number of the threaded holes and the adjusting screws 105 is three based on the manufacturing process and the fine adjustment, so that the angle of the incident beam can be sufficiently adjusted, and in other embodiments, the number of the threaded holes and the adjusting screws 105 can be two or four or more. The upper ring 101, the fixed ring 102 and the lower ring 103 are provided with first through holes 106, the supporting seat (not shown) is provided with first through hole rods 107, the first through hole rods 107 are inserted into the first through holes 106, and the diameter of the first through holes 106 is larger than that of the first through hole rods 107. Because the diameter of the first via hole 106 is larger than the diameter of the first via hole rod 107, the connector 10 can be fastened by the first via hole rod 107 after the connector 10 is slightly moved, so that the purpose of circumferential fine adjustment of the incident beam relative to the support seat is achieved. In this embodiment, the first via rod 107 is a first via screw, and the first via screw 107 is connected to the supporting seat through a thread (not shown), which is true, and in other embodiments, the first via rod 107 can be other fastening devices.

In the present embodiment, the fixing ring 102 includes a protruding portion 1021 and a sandwiching portion 1022, and the protruding portion 1021 is disposed in the height direction of the joint head 10 through the mounting hole 104 of the upper ring 101. And, the hardness of the material used for the lower ring 103 is high and the material used for the supporting seat is high, so as to prevent the adjusting screw 105 from scratching the supporting seat, thereby resulting in poor positioning accuracy.

In this embodiment, the beam splitter 3 includes at least two beam splitting mirrors 31 disposed corresponding to the number of the reflecting focusing mirrors 4, and each beam splitting mirror 31 is a plane; indeed, in other embodiments, the beam splitter mirror 21 may also be an arcuate profile. Each of the reflecting focusing mirrors 4 has a reflecting focusing mirror surface 42 facing the spectroscopic mirror surface 31; the reflecting focusing mirror 42 is an arc mirror, and indeed, in other embodiments, the reflecting focusing mirror 42 may be formed by connecting multiple arc mirrors.

Referring to fig. 15 in combination with fig. 6 and 14, a method for setting a paraboloid 42 of a laser cladding apparatus according to the present invention may be used in the laser cladding apparatus, and the structure of the laser cladding apparatus is not described in detail, and the method for setting the paraboloid is as follows:

s1, defining a section of the parabola 42 in the height direction of the laser cladding device as a reference plane, defining a y-axis of the height direction of the laser cladding device as a reference plane (corresponding to the other direction perpendicular to the y-axis in the reference plane as an x-axis), defining a parabola 20 of the parabola 42 in the reference plane as a right-opening parabola, and passing through an origin O (0, 0) of the reference plane by the parabola 20, wherein a focus F of the parabola falls on the x-axis of the reference plane;

s2, defining the distance from the vertex of the spectroscope 3 to the parabola 42 as a, and defining the distance from the vertex of the spectroscope 3 to the focus F of the parabola 20 as b, thereby obtaining the following components: on the parabola 20, the coordinates of the intersection point between the horizontal extension line of the vertex of the spectroscope 3 and the parabola 20: p/2-a, b;

s3, substituting the intersection point coordinates into a parabolic 20 equation to calculate a parabolic 20 of the obtained parabolic surface 42,a parabola 42 is formed from the resulting rotation of the parabola 20 about the x-axis of the reference plane. The parabolic 20 equation is y ² =b ² /(p/2-a) ×x, the reciprocal manner is as follows:

determining coordinates of the intersection point: p/2-a, b

Since the right opening parabola 20 formula is: y is ² =2Px

Therefore, p=b is derived ² /2(p/2-a)

Further, the parabolic 20 equation is: y is ² =2Px=2*b ² /2(p/2-a)*x=b ² /(p/2-a)*x

Where a is the distance from the vertex of the beam splitter 3 to the parabola 42 and b is the distance from the vertex of the beam splitter 3 to the focus of the parabola 20.

The above-described setting method is used for the parabolas 42 of each reflecting focusing mirror 4, and the parabola 20 of each parabola 42 must be rotated about the X-axis to form a parabola.

In summary, the method for setting the paraboloid of the laser cladding device obtains the paraboloid 20 where the paraboloid 42 is located through calculation, so that the method is simple and easy to implement, the problem that the paraboloid cannot be systematically selected in the prior art is solved through the method, the assembly of the laser cladding device is quickened through the setting method, and the laser cladding device can obtain the best working effect.

The lower guidewire nozzle 114 is connected to a guidewire tube 119 in this embodiment.

Referring to fig. 16 and 17, a schematic view of a sealing structure in this embodiment is shown, where the sealing structure includes a support base 1 and a support cover 8, a wire guide tube 119 passes through the support base 1 and the support cover 8, an upper sealing gasket 171 is disposed at a position where the wire guide tube 119 intersects with the support cover 8, the upper sealing gasket 171 is in a circular structure, and a bolt fixing hole and a through hole are disposed, the bolt fixing hole can fix the upper sealing gasket 171 on the support cover 8, and the wire guide tube 119 passes through the through hole and extends into the sealing structure; the supporting seat cover 8 and the supporting seat 1 are of mutually matched structures, the supporting seat 1 is provided with the light outlet 160, the intersection position of the light guide tube 119 and the supporting seat 1 is provided with the lower sealing gasket 172, the lower sealing gasket 172 is of an oval structure and is provided with the light guide tube 119 through hole and the columnar through hole 173, the columnar through hole 173 is connected with the supporting seat 1 through a bolt, the lower sealing gasket 172 can move along the direction of the columnar through hole 173 through the columnar through hole 173, the angle of the light guide tube 119 is adjusted, the wire material can smoothly pass through the light guide tube 119, the sealing structure further comprises the light-transmitting mirror 170 arranged below the supporting seat 1, the light-transmitting mirror 170 and the supporting seat 1 are integrally arranged on the surface of the light outlet 160, the light-transmitting mirror 170 is of a cylindrical structure provided with a hollow part, the hollow part enables the spray head 2 to be directly connected with the supporting seat 1, the light guide tube 119 is emitted from the hollow part through the supporting seat 1, the light-transmitting mirror 170 is sealed on the surface of the light outlet 160, the sealing structure is formed by the supporting seat cover 8 matched with the supporting seat through the supporting seat 1 and the supporting seat 173, the light guide tube 119 passes through the supporting seat 8, and the light-transmitting mirror 170 is sealed with the light-transmitting mirror 170 when the light-transmitting mirror 170 passes through the supporting seat 8 and the supporting seat 8, the light-transmitting mirror 170 is sealed on the light-transmitting mirror 170, the inside the light-transmitting mirror is prevented from affecting the dust, the dust can be sealed, the dust can flow and the dust can flow, the dust can be blown on the inside the light-transmitting mirror, the dust can be prevented from the dust can be sealed, the dust can be blown and the dust can be sealed, the dust can be and the dust can be sealed.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A laser cladding apparatus comprising: wire feeder, shower nozzle and seal wire pipe, its characterized in that: the wire guide pipe is connected with the wire feeder and the spray head, and penetrates through one side of the spray head along the direction of the wire feeder and is connected with the spray head; an upper sealing gasket and a lower sealing gasket are respectively arranged at the position, penetrating through the spray head, of the wire guide tube along the wire feeder direction, the lower sealing gasket is arranged on the supporting seat, and the upper sealing gasket is arranged on the supporting cover;

the upper sealing gasket is of a circular structure; the lower sealing gasket is of an oval structure;

the lower gasket seal comprises: the fixing part is a columnar through hole, the columnar through hole is connected with the supporting seat through a bolt, the diameter of the bolt is smaller than the inner diameter of the columnar through hole, and the columnar through hole can slide along the direction of the columnar through hole, so that the position of the lower sealing gasket is adjusted;

the upper sealing gasket comprises a fixing part and a wire guide tube through hole, and is connected with the support cover through the fixing part;

and a wire guide tube is arranged in the wire guide tube through hole.

2. A laser cladding apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the spray head comprises: the sealing structure comprises a supporting seat, a supporting cover, a spectroscope and a reflecting focusing mirror, wherein the spectroscope and the reflecting focusing mirror are arranged in the supporting seat and the supporting cover, the spectroscope is coaxial with the reflecting focusing mirror, the spectroscope comprises at least two spectromirrors, and the spectromirrors are plane or arc surfaces; the reflecting focusing mirror is provided with a focusing mirror surface facing the beam splitting mirror surface, and the focusing mirror surface is an arc-shaped mirror surface or is formed by a plurality of arc-shaped mirror surfaces.

3. A laser cladding apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: the number of the reflecting focusing mirrors is three, and the three reflecting focusing mirrors are uniformly distributed around the spectroscope.

4. A laser cladding apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: the beam splitter receives an incident light beam and reflects the incident light beam to form a reflected light beam, and the reflection focusing mirror receives the reflected light beam and converts the reflected light beam into a focused light beam.

5. A laser cladding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the guide wire tube is staggered with the reflected light beam on the spectroscope and the focusing light beam on the focusing mirror.

6. A laser cladding apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein: the support seat is also provided with a first cooling system for cooling the reflection focusing mirror by circulating cooling medium and a second cooling system for cooling the spectroscope by circulating cooling medium.

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