CN107623647A - A kind of carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary - Google Patents
A kind of carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary Download PDFInfo
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- CN107623647A CN107623647A CN201710694666.5A CN201710694666A CN107623647A CN 107623647 A CN107623647 A CN 107623647A CN 201710694666 A CN201710694666 A CN 201710694666A CN 107623647 A CN107623647 A CN 107623647A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary.This method requires that input signal has the design feature of scattered pilot point that is discontinuous, being spacedly distributed, and method implementation steps are：(1) frequency pilot sign is extracted from the data symbol of collection；(2) carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is obtained according to the frequency pilot sign of extraction, and frequency deviation rate of change compensation is carried out to the data symbol for including the frequency pilot sign according to the carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change；(3) frequency pilot sign after being compensated according to frequency deviation rate of change obtains carrier wave frequency deviation, and carries out frequency deviation compensation to the data symbol for including the frequency pilot sign according to the carrier wave frequency deviation；(4) frequency pilot sign after the frequency deviation is compensated carries out coherent accumulation, obtains carrier wave initial phase；(5) phasing is carried out to each data symbol after carrying out frequency deviation compensation by carrier wave initial phase, completes carrier synchronization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to burst communication technical field, more particularly to a kind of carrier synchronization side based on scattered pilot auxiliary
Method.
Background technology
In TDMA network systems, the length of data frame determines the networking interstitial content upper limit, and then decides communication network
The capacity of network.To ensure that network has larger capacity and takes into account the efficiency of transmission of data frame, frame length design is usually 10ms levels
Not, and in for example far-reaching sea of some special application fields communicate, for the needs of secrecy, communication mode more options burst communication body
System.Because data frame duration is shorter, therefore relatively low in signal to noise ratio, Doppler's dynamic is compared with large scene, traditional Closed loop track
Mode is limited to loop and enters to lock the time, and does not apply to, therefore the open-loop tracking mode based on pilot aided is the weight of burst communication
Want application direction.
At present, when carrying out the short time data frame synchronization algorithm of pilot aided, frequency pilot sign is discontinuous, it is whole to be evenly distributed on
In individual signal frame, based on this communication format, the phase value of frequency pilot sign is estimated first, then using the method for interpolation, is inserted out
All data symbol values between adjacent pilot symbols, but if the phase of pilot symbol phases estimation mistake, then data symbol
Position also all corrects mistake, the problem of causing carrier synchronization error larger.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of carrier synchronization based on scattered pilot auxiliary
Method, frequency deviation rate of change estimation is carried out using frequency pilot sign, and frequency deviation rate of change stripping is carried out to data symbol, then to frequency deviation
Data symbol after rate of change is peeled off carries out Nonlinear Transformation in Frequency Offset Estimation, and carries out carrier wave frequency deviation stripping to data symbol, finally carries out
Initial phase corrects, and completes carrier synchronization.It is larger can to solve existing carrier synchronization error, can not be applied to big frequency dynamic should
With the carrier synchronization under scene.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is to be achieved by following technical solution：
A kind of carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary, including：
(1) frequency pilot sign is extracted from the data symbol of collection；
(2) carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is obtained according to the frequency pilot sign of extraction, and according to the carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change to bag
Data symbol containing the frequency pilot sign carries out frequency deviation rate of change compensation；
(3) frequency pilot sign after being compensated according to frequency deviation rate of change obtains carrier wave frequency deviation, and according to the carrier wave frequency deviation to bag
Data symbol containing the frequency pilot sign carries out frequency deviation compensation；
(4) frequency pilot sign after the frequency deviation is compensated carries out coherent accumulation, obtains carrier wave initial phase；
(5) phasing is carried out to each data symbol after carrying out frequency deviation compensation by carrier wave initial phase, completes carrier wave
It is synchronous.
Further, the length of the data symbol is N, wherein, N=K × (P+L), K represent the data for N by length
Symbol is uniformly divided into K sections, and L is per the data symbol number included in one piece of data symbol, and P is to be led per in one piece of data symbol
The number of frequency symbol.
Further, the method for acquisition carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is in the step (2)：
P frequency pilot sign in every one piece of data symbol is subjected to coherent accumulation, obtains K accumulation result p1,p2,…pK；
The K accumulation result is divided into two groups, and two groups of accumulation results are subjected to conjugate multiplication and obtain auto-correlation letter
Number SequenceWherein, first group of accumulation result isSecond group of accumulation result be
To the auto-correlation function sequenceFFTFFT computings are carried out, are obtained described from phase
FFT spectral lines corresponding to the sequence of function are closed, wherein, the sample rate of FFT computingsWherein RsRepresent data symbol rate；
Peak value spectral line and corresponding respectively with adjacent two spectral lines before and after the peak value spectral line is obtained from the FFT spectral lines
FFT value Xk, Xk-1, Xk+1, and according to formulaThe correction term δ of peak is calculated, its
In, Re [] represents to take real part to []；
According to formulaRevised carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated, wherein, fdFor revised carrier wave frequency deviation, kpeak
For revised peak value spectral line frequency, kpeak=k+ δ, k are the peak value spectral line frequency before amendment；
According to formulaCarrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is calculated, wherein, fd' it is inclined rate of change.
Further, the method for acquisition carrier wave frequency deviation is in the step (3)：
P frequency pilot sign in every one piece of data symbol after progress frequency deviation rate of change compensation is subjected to coherent accumulation, obtained
To K accumulation result p1,p2,…pK；
To accumulation result p1,p2,…pKFFT computings are carried out, obtain FFT spectral lines corresponding to the auto-correlation function sequence；
Peak value spectral line and corresponding respectively with adjacent two spectral lines before and after the peak value spectral line is obtained from the FFT spectral lines
FFT value Xk, Xk-1, Xk+1, and according to formulaThe correction term δ of peak is calculated, its
In, Re [] represents to take real part to []；
According to formulaRevised carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated, wherein, fdFor revised carrier wave frequency deviation, kpeakFor
Revised peak value spectral line frequency, kpeak=k+ δ, k are the peak value spectral line frequency before amendment.
Further, the method for acquisition carrier wave initial phase is in the step (4)：
According to formulaCalculated, wherein,For initial phase, sp,0For the initial value of frequency pilot sign, S'p
Frequency pilot sign after being compensated for frequency deviation carries out the result after coherent accumulation.
Further, each data symbol after carrying out frequency deviation compensation is entered by carrier wave initial phase in the step (5)
Row phasing, the method for completing carrier synchronization are：
By each data symbol after progress frequency deviation compensation and the initial phaseReciprocal carry out multiplication operation.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
(1) carrier synchronization method provided by the invention based on scattered pilot auxiliary, in estimating Doppler frequency change rate
During with Doppler shift, the unconventional FFT algorithm for estimating using Jacobsen algorithm for estimating, that is, after getting FFT spectral lines,
Peak value spectral line frequency is modified, and carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change and carrier frequency are obtained using revised peak value spectral line frequency
Partially, the synchronous method is thereby may be ensured that under Low SNR, is obtained by minimum FFT computings scale and is compared traditional FFT
The higher estimated accuracy of interpretative version, so as to obtain more preferably carrier synchronization effect.
(2) present invention uses in the estimation of frequency deviation rate of change, offset estimation and the correction of final carrier wave initial phase
Coherent processing mode, using the coherent accumulation lifting judgement signal to noise ratio of multiple frequency pilot signs, mistaken verdict probability is reduced, so as to
Ensure that method provided by the invention may operate under Low SNR.
(3) carrier synchronization method provided by the invention based on scattered pilot auxiliary, carried out first with frequency pilot sign more
General Le frequency deviation rate of change estimation, Doppler shift estimation is compensated and then carries out in Doppler shift rate of change.So as to protect
Demonstrate,proving method provided by the invention can apply under bigger Doppler's dynamic condition, and then goes for big frequency dynamic and answer
With the carrier synchronization under scene.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the signal format of the scattered pilot auxiliary of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the signal processing flow figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
The implementation process of 2 present invention is further elaborated on below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
(1) frequency pilot sign is extracted from the data symbol of collection.
For the present invention, it is desirable to the data symbol of input have it is discontinuous, at equal intervals pilot symbol distribution the characteristics of, i.e., it is every
Every L data symbol, there is P frequency pilot sign, signal structure can be as shown in Figure 1.The data symbol symbol lengths N=then gathered
The data symbol that length is N is uniformly divided into K sections by K × (P+L), wherein K expression, and K value should meet accumulative frequency pilot sign
The requirement of signal to noise ratio, it usually needs meetWherein,Represent what is represented with dB
Single frequency pilot sign signal to noise ratio.And preset input signal has completed thick synchronization, and remaining Doppler shift is in pilot frequency design
In the range of Frequency Estimation.
(2) carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is obtained according to the frequency pilot sign of extraction, and according to the carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change to bag
Data symbol containing the frequency pilot sign carries out frequency deviation rate of change compensation.
Frequency deviation rate of change method of estimation in the present invention is described as follows using delay auto-correlation fft algorithm, algorithm principle：
If baseband receiving signals are：
Wherein, fdFor carrier wave frequency deviation, f 'dFor carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change, then signal auto-correlation function is：
Wherein, ()*Represent () conjugate function.Auto-correlation function is actually that frequency is f ' as can be seen heredτ single load
Ripple signal, therefore actual the problem of being offset estimation the problem of frequency deviation rate of change is estimated.
The frequency excursion algorithm of the present invention uses Jacobsen algorithm for estimating, is specially：
A, P frequency pilot sign in every one piece of data symbol is subjected to coherent accumulation, obtains K accumulation result p1,p2,…
pK。
B, the K accumulation result is divided into two groups, and two groups of accumulation results is subjected to conjugate multiplication and obtain auto-correlation
The sequence of functionWherein, first group of accumulation result isSecond group of accumulation result be
C, to the auto-correlation function sequenceFFT computings are carried out, obtain the auto-correlation
FFT spectral lines corresponding to the sequence of function.
Wherein, FFT can use the IP kernels that carry of FPGA in Project Realization, the number for carrying out the point of FFT computings be 2 it is whole
Number power, if2 integer power is unsatisfactory for, Series extension can be carried out by way of mending 0.Now, the sample rate of FFT computingsWherein RsRepresent data symbol rate.
D, peak value spectral line and right respectively with adjacent two spectral lines before and after the peak value spectral line is obtained from the FFT spectral lines
The FFT value X answeredk, Xk-1, Xk+1, and according to formulaThe correction term δ of peak is calculated,
Wherein, Re [] represents to take real part to [].
E, according to formulaRevised carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated, wherein, fdFor revised carrier wave frequency deviation,
kpeakFor revised peak value spectral line frequency, kpeak=k+ δ, k are the peak value spectral line frequency before amendment.
F, according to formulaCarrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is calculated, wherein, f 'dFor inclined rate of change.
For the present invention, carry out frequency deviation rate of change estimation herein, be in order to solve large doppler frequency deviation rate of change under the conditions of,
Frequency deviation can not direct estimation the problem of, meanwhile, herein using Jacobsen algorithm for estimating carry out Frequency Estimation, and then calculate frequency
Inclined rate of change, it is because the more traditional fft algorithm of Jacobsen algorithm for estimating is compared, there is smaller FFT scales, and in phase
Under the conditions of signal to noise ratio, higher estimated accuracy is obtained.
(3) frequency pilot sign after being compensated according to frequency deviation rate of change obtains carrier wave frequency deviation, and according to the carrier wave frequency deviation to bag
Data symbol containing the frequency pilot sign carries out frequency deviation compensation.
Carrier wave frequency deviation algorithm uses Jacobsen algorithm for estimating in the present invention, concretely comprises the following steps：
A, P frequency pilot sign in every one piece of data symbol after progress frequency deviation rate of change compensation is subjected to coherent accumulation,
Obtain K accumulation result p1,p2,…pK。
B, to accumulation result p1,p2,…pKFFT computings are carried out, obtain FFT spectral lines corresponding to the auto-correlation function sequence.
C, peak value spectral line and right respectively with adjacent two spectral lines before and after the peak value spectral line is obtained from the FFT spectral lines
The FFT value X answeredk, Xk-1, Xk+1, and according to formulaThe correction term δ of peak is calculated,
Wherein, Re [] represents to take real part to [].
D, according to formulaRevised carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated, wherein, fdFor revised carrier wave frequency deviation, kpeak
For revised peak value spectral line frequency, kpeak=k+ δ, k are the peak value spectral line frequency before amendment.
(4) frequency pilot sign after the frequency deviation is compensated carries out coherent accumulation, obtains carrier wave initial phase.
Specifically, according to formulaCalculated, wherein,For initial phase, sp,0For the first of frequency pilot sign
Initial value, usual sp,0=1+j, S'pFrequency pilot sign after being compensated for frequency deviation carries out the result after coherent accumulation.Wherein,s′p,jJ-th of frequency pilot sign, PK are the total number of frequency pilot sign in N number of reception signal of storage.
(5) phasing is carried out to each data symbol after carrying out frequency deviation compensation by carrier wave initial phase, completes carrier wave
It is synchronous.
Specifically, by each data symbol after progress frequency deviation compensation and the initial phaseInverse carry out multiplication fortune
Calculate.Then the operation such as demodulation coding below is carried out.
Embodiment
Assuming that reception signal has structure shown in Fig. 1, wherein frequency pilot sign initial value is s0=1+j, business datum symbol
Using QPSK modulation systems, then reception signal can be described with following formula：
Wherein, fdFor Doppler shift remaining after capture, f 'dFor Doppler shift rate of change, TsFor symbol period,
sn=In+jQnFor the nth data symbol of transmission, n=1,2 ..., N.Especially, for frequency pilot sign, sn=1+j.
All frequency pilot signs in data symbol are extracted according to step (1), obtain arrangement set { s '1,1,s'2,1,…,
s'P,1,s1',2,s'2,2,…,s'P,K}。
According to step (2) using the frequency pilot sign extracted, carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated by Jacobsen algorithm for estimating and changed
Rate：
A, it is one group of carry out coherent accumulation according to P by the frequency pilot sign extracted, obtains K accumulation result p1,
p2,…pK, whereinM=1,2 ... K.Generally, residual doppler adds up in continuous P frequency pilot sign
Phase is ignored, thenWherein, T 's=(P+L) TsRepresent the cumulative rear sampling point sequence p of pilot tone1,
p2,…pKCycle.For convenience of discussion, T ' is omitteds, thenM=1,2 ... K.
B, K sampling point is divided into two groups, first group isSecond group is：It is corresponding common
Yoke is multiplied, and obtains auto-correlation function sequence
C, it is rightIt is NFFTThe FFT computings of point.FFT uses the IP kernel that FPGA is carried, NFFTFor 2
Integer power, if2 integer power is unsatisfactory for, Series extension can be carried out by way of mending 0.
D, the FFT value X corresponding to FFT peak value spectral line k its front and rear adjacent two spectral lines k-1, k+1 is found outk, Xk-1,
Xk+1, the correction term δ, δ that then obtain peak according to the following formula can be positive number or negative.
Wherein, Re [] represents to take real part to [].
E, revised peak value spectral line kpeakAnd its corresponding estimation frequency deviation is respectively shown in following formula：
kpeak=k+ δ
F, according to fdThe estimate for calculating frequency deviation rate of change is
Now, frequency deviation rate of change compensation is carried out to the data symbol of formula 1, the reception symbol sebolic addressing after compensation is
Wherein, θ0For the initial phase after compensation.
According to step (3), using the frequency pilot sign after the compensation of frequency deviation rate of change, calculated by Jacobsen algorithm for estimating
Go out carrier wave frequency deviation, specifically：
A, it is one group of carry out coherent accumulation according to P by the frequency pilot sign after the compensation of frequency deviation rate of change, obtains K and add up
As a result p1,p2,…pK,M=1,2 ... K.
B, to p1,p2,…pKIt is NFFTThe FFT computings of point.FFT can use the IP kernel that FPGA is carried, N in Project RealizationFFT
For 2 integer power, if2 integer power is unsatisfactory for, Series extension can be carried out by way of mending 0.
C, the FFT value X corresponding to its front and rear adjacent two spectral lines k-1, k+1 of acquisition FFT peak value spectral line kk, Xk-1,
Xk+1, the correction term δ, δ that then obtain peak according to the following formula can be positive number or negative.
Wherein, Re [] represents to take real part to [].
D, revised peak value spectral line kpeakAnd its corresponding estimation frequency deviation is respectively shown in following formula.
kpeak=k+ δ
Now, frequency deviation compensation is carried out to the data symbol of formula 2, the reception symbol sebolic addressing after compensation is
According to step (4), the frequency pilot sign that frequency deviation rate of change and frequency deviation all compensated is extracted, carries out coherent accumulation
ObtainThen the actual value with frequency pilot sign is compared, and obtains initial phase
According to step (5), initial phase correction is carried out to the data symbol of formula 3, the reception symbol sebolic addressing after compensation is
S " " (n)=sn(formula 4)
S " " (n) such as is demodulated, decoded at the operation.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary, it is characterised in that including：(1) frequency pilot sign is extracted from the data symbol of collection；(2) carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is obtained according to the frequency pilot sign of extraction, and according to the carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change to including The data symbol of the frequency pilot sign carries out frequency deviation rate of change compensation；(3) frequency pilot sign after being compensated according to frequency deviation rate of change obtains carrier wave frequency deviation, and according to the carrier wave frequency deviation to including The data symbol of the frequency pilot sign carries out frequency deviation compensation；(4) frequency pilot sign after the frequency deviation is compensated carries out coherent accumulation, obtains carrier wave initial phase；(5) phasing is carried out to each data symbol after carrying out frequency deviation compensation by carrier wave initial phase, completes carrier synchronization.
- 2. the carrier synchronization method according to claim 1 based on scattered pilot auxiliary, it is characterised in that the data symbols Number length be N, wherein, N=K × (P+L), K represent the data symbol that length is N being uniformly divided into K sections, and L is each section The data symbol number included in data symbol, P are the number per frequency pilot sign in one piece of data symbol.
- A kind of 3. carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the step Suddenly the method for acquisition carrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is in (2)：P frequency pilot sign in every one piece of data symbol is subjected to coherent accumulation, obtains K accumulation result p1,p2,…pK；The K accumulation result is divided into two groups, and two groups of accumulation results are subjected to conjugate multiplication and obtain auto-correlation function sequence RowWherein, first group of accumulation result isSecond group of accumulation result beTo the auto-correlation function sequenceFFT computings are carried out, obtain the auto-correlation function sequence FFT spectral lines corresponding to row, wherein, the sample rate of FFT computingsWherein RsRepresent data symbol rate；Peak value spectral line is obtained from the FFT spectral lines and is distinguished with adjacent two spectral lines before and after the peak value spectral line corresponding FFT value Xk, Xk-1, Xk+1, and according to formulaThe correction term δ of peak is calculated, its In, Re [] represents to take real part to []；According to formulaRevised carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated, wherein, fdFor revised carrier wave frequency deviation, kpeakFor amendment Peak value spectral line frequency afterwards, kpeak=k+ δ, k are the peak value spectral line frequency before amendment；According to formulaCarrier wave frequency deviation rate of change is calculated, wherein, fd' it is inclined rate of change.
- A kind of 4. carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that institute State and the method for carrier wave frequency deviation is obtained in step (3) be：P frequency pilot sign in every one piece of data symbol after progress frequency deviation rate of change compensation is subjected to coherent accumulation, obtains K Accumulation result p1,p2,…pK；To accumulation result p1,p2,…pKFFT computings are carried out, obtain FFT spectral lines corresponding to the auto-correlation function sequence；Peak value spectral line is obtained from the FFT spectral lines and is distinguished with adjacent two spectral lines before and after the peak value spectral line corresponding FFT value Xk, Xk-1, Xk+1, and according to formulaThe correction term δ of peak is calculated, its In, Re [] represents to take real part to []；According to formulaRevised carrier wave frequency deviation is calculated, wherein, fdFor revised carrier wave frequency deviation, kpeakFor amendment Peak value spectral line frequency afterwards, kpeak=k+ δ, k are the peak value spectral line frequency before amendment.
- A kind of 5. carrier synchronization method based on scattered pilot auxiliary according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step Suddenly the method for acquisition carrier wave initial phase is in (4)：According to formulaCalculated, wherein,For initial phase, sp,0For the initial value of frequency pilot sign, S'pFor frequency Frequency pilot sign after offset compensation carries out the result after coherent accumulation.
- 6. the carrier synchronization side based on scattered pilot auxiliary under a kind of low signal-to-noise ratio Larger Dynamic according to claim 5 Method, it is characterised in that phase is carried out to each data symbol after carrying out frequency deviation compensation by carrier wave initial phase in the step (5) Bit correction, the method for completing carrier synchronization are：By each data symbol after progress frequency deviation compensation and the initial phaseReciprocal carry out multiplication operation.
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| CN109600331A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-09 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Frequency deviation synchronous method in cordless communication network |
| CN110505172A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-26 | 四川安迪科技实业有限公司 | A kind of frequency deviation estimating method and device based on scattered pilot auxiliary |
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