CN107621290A - A kind of bathroom flow detector and flow rate testing methods - Google Patents
A kind of bathroom flow detector and flow rate testing methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107621290A CN107621290A CN201710773187.2A CN201710773187A CN107621290A CN 107621290 A CN107621290 A CN 107621290A CN 201710773187 A CN201710773187 A CN 201710773187A CN 107621290 A CN107621290 A CN 107621290A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of bathroom flow detector, it is arranged in the pipeline of bath articles and is connected with the generator in bath articles pipeline, including controller, power supply circuit, flow sensing circuit, power supply circuit respectively with generator, controller is connected with by electric energy supply controller caused by generator, flow sensing circuit includes being used to gather the frequency signal Acquisition Circuit of the frequency signal of generator rotation, for gathering the voltage signal acquisition circuit of generator output voltage signal, frequency signal Acquisition Circuit, voltage signal acquisition circuit is both connected between the signal acquisition terminal of power supply circuit and the signal input part of controller, flow sensing circuit will obtain the frequency signal of generator rotation, voltage signal is simultaneously sent in controller so that controller calculates acquisition water flow data.The water flow data that the bathroom is obtained with flow detector are more accurate, high to the generated energy utilization rate of generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bathroom flow detector, the invention further relates to the flow detection of the flow detector
Method.
Background technology
When using sanitary bath equipment, the flow of current can be shown in time, so as to facilitate user's accurate flow adjustment.In order to
Ensure safe to use, while save the energy, occur in the prior art can self power generation to carry out the device of flow indication.Such as Shen
Please publication No. be CN102698898A (Application No. 201210185033.9) Chinese invention patent application《A kind of light feedback
The gondola water faucet of flow》, wherein disclosed gondola water faucet sets impeller in water cavity, current, which enter water chamber and then impact impeller, makes its turn
Dynamic, wheel rotation obtains data on flows so that electricity-generating circuit generates electricity according to the rotating speed of impeller.On the one hand, turn of impeller
Speed is related to water velocity, but the relation between flow is unstable.On the other hand, impeller exists used in motion process
Property, also influence whether the correct display of flow.In addition the gondola water faucet can not generate electricity in the case where current stop, accordingly after cutting off the water
Because power-off, the data in internal memory can lose, and after user reopens gondola water faucet, then can not show the flow before closing water, corresponding nothing
Method knows total data on flows during bathing, influences Consumer's Experience.
Authorization Notice No. is CN204422567U (Application No. 201520166001.3) Chinese utility model patent《One
Kind pipe flow speed detection means》, wherein disclosed flow monitor is converted to the flow velocity of material in pipeline the frequency of electric current
Change, and then by frequency measurement circuit measurement frequency, further calculate flow velocity.Pulse signal is obtained by the way of electric current low
In cost implementation can only on loop series resistance, then the current signal of collection is converted into by certain component
Pulse signal.The conversion of current-voltage is relate to during this, according to Ohm's law, then needs series resistance in the loop,
And this is very improper for the equipment of self power generation, the output energy of generator is very valuable, and should avoid as far as possible need not
The waste wanted.
The content of the invention
First technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one kind for above-mentioned prior art to save generating
The output energy of machine, while can more accurately obtain the bathroom flow detector of water flow data.
Second technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one kind for above-mentioned prior art to apply aforementioned flow
The flow rate testing methods that detection means is carried out, data are detected closer to real data.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned first technical problem：A kind of bathroom is filled with flow detection
Put, be arranged in the pipeline of bath articles and be connected with the generator in bath articles pipeline, it is characterised in that：Including control
Device, power supply circuit, flow sensing circuit, the power supply circuit are connected with the generator, controller with by generator respectively
Caused electric energy supply controller, the flow sensing circuit include the frequency letter for being used to gather the frequency signal of generator rotation
Number Acquisition Circuit, the voltage signal acquisition circuit for gathering generator output voltage signal, the frequency signal Acquisition Circuit,
Voltage signal acquisition circuit is both connected between the signal acquisition terminal of the power supply circuit and the signal input part of controller, described
Flow sensing circuit is by the frequency signal for obtaining generator rotation, voltage signal and is sent in controller for the controller
Calculate and obtain water flow data.
The frequency signal Acquisition Circuit includes first-order low-pass wave circuit and continuous analog signal can be converted into frequency
The triode of signal, the input of the first-order low-pass wave circuit are connected to the signal acquisition terminal of power supply circuit, single order low pass
The output end of filter circuit is connected with the base stage of triode, the grounded emitter of triode；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit uses bleeder circuit, the voltage input end of bleeder circuit and the colelctor electrode of triode
It is connected.
In order to ensure that the voltage signal of collection meets the voltage range of the ADC conversions of controller, gone back on the bleeder circuit
Zener diode regulator is connected in parallel to carry out clamper to the output voltage of bleeder circuit.
Electric capacity is connected in parallel on the bleeder circuit.
In order to obtain galvanic current signal, the power supply circuit includes accumulator, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and low pressure
Difference linear constant voltage regulator, the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit electric energy output end with the generator, the input phase of accumulator respectively
Connection, the output end with accumulator, the power input of controller are connected the low pressure difference linear voltage regulator respectively.
In order to avoid the electric capacity covering for flowing to signal and being powered in the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit in circuit of current, the frequency
Signal acquisition circuit, the input of voltage signal acquisition circuit are both connected to the front end of filter circuit in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned second technical problem：One kind applies bathroom flow detection
The flow rate testing methods of device, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1: initialization；
Step 2: controller obtains the pulse duration frequency signal of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit collection, and then determine whether water
Stream；
If it is determined that there are current then to enter step 3；
If it is determined that then accumulator supplies electricity to controller to non-water flow, the flow number in controller internal memory is preserved with the short time
According to, and then return to step two；
Step 3: controller reads the water flow value in internal memory, while controller receives frequency signal acquisition circuit is adopted
Frequency signal, the generator output voltage signal of voltage signal acquisition circuit collection of the generator rotation of collection, and then according to control
The water flow stored in device processed and frequency data, the calculated relationship formula of generator output voltage data of generator rotation,
Accumulation calculating water flow, and then obtain the current total flow during current bathing；
Step 4: return to step two, until the water flow in controller internal memory is lost.
In the step 2, pulse frequency threshold value is set；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller obtains the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit is more than setting pulse frequency threshold value,
Then judge there are current；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller obtains the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit is more than 0 and is less than pulse frequency threshold
Value, then judge that bath articles is in non-normal use state, controller sends cue, while enters step 3；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller obtains the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit is less than 0, non-water flow is judged.
Water flow closes with the frequency data of generator rotation, the calculating of generator output voltage data in the controller
The acquisition process for being formula is：
Step 3.1, high-precision water meter is connected between water source and the water pipe of bath articles, the stream for stream of being fetched water by water meter reading
Speed, and then according to the flow of flow relocity calculation acquisition current；
Step 3.2, using high-precision water meter read flow rate of water flow while, utilize oscillograph rate of connections signal acquisition
The signal output part of circuit, voltage signal acquisition circuit, and then read corresponding frequency data and voltage data；
Step 3.3, the calculation formula using fitting algorithm acquisition flow rate of water flow
V=f (x, y)=P00+P01x+P02y；
Wherein v is flow rate of water flow, and x is the frequency data that the generator of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit output rotates, and y is voltage
The output voltage data of the generator of signal acquisition circuit output, P00、P01、P02It is fitting coefficient；
Step 3.4, the flow according to flow rate of water flow calculating current；
F=∑s vi*ti；
Wherein i is natural number, viRepresent i-th of flow rate of water flow value, tiRepresent sampling interval duration.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：Bathroom flow detector in the present invention passes through acquisition
Frequency signal, the voltage signal of generator rotation, and then calculate and obtain water flow data, water flow fluctuation pair can be effectively reduced
The influence that water flow calculates so that the water flow data for calculating acquisition are closer to real data.Meanwhile obtained in data
During taking, the voltage data of directly acquisition generator reduces the unnecessary waste to generated energy, improves power generation energy resource
Effective rate of utilization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of bathroom flow detector in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of power supply circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of frequency signal acquisition circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of voltage signal acquisition circuit in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the bathroom in the present embodiment is arranged in the pipeline of bath articles with flow detector and used, use
The flow of the water in articles for use pipeline is flowed through in detection.In order to save, generator 1 is provided with bath articles pipeline, this is defended
Bath carries out the calculating of water flow with flow detector by detecting the output voltage of generator rotational frequency and generator.
Such as the bathroom flow detector can be applied in the water pipe of gondola water faucet.
The bathroom includes controller 2, power supply circuit 3, flow sensing circuit 4 with flow detector.In the present embodiment
Controller 2 uses the MCU of low-power consumption, the MCU of the low-power consumption to be built-in with BOR, PDR, EEPROM.
Power supply circuit 3 is connected with generator 1, controller 2 with by electric energy supply controller 2 caused by generator 1 respectively,
Flow sensing circuit 4 is connected with power supply circuit 3, controller 2 to obtain the frequency signal of generator rotation, voltage signal respectively
And it is sent in controller 2, frequency data, the generator that controller 2 rotates according to the water flow of its memory storage with generator
The relation of the voltage data of output calculates corresponding water flow data.In use, display can be set on bath articles
Screen, the display screen are connected with controller 2.And then controller 2 calculates the water flow data obtained and can entered by display screen
Row display.
As shown in Fig. 2 the power supply circuit 3 in the present embodiment includes current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 32, accumulator 31 and low voltage difference
Linear voltage regulator DZ1.The electric energy output end with generator 1, the input of accumulator 31 are connected current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 32 respectively
Connect, the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 32 in the present embodiment is then connected in series by bridge rectifier and electric capacity to be formed.In the present embodiment
Accumulator 31 then uses super capacitor.Low pressure difference linear voltage regulator the DZ1 output end with accumulator 31, controller 2 respectively
Power input be connected.
Bath articles drives the wheel rotation of generator 1 to generate electricity in exiting water process, caused alternating current warp in generator 1
Cross after the processing of power supply circuit 3 and be powered for controller 2, the signal meter that controller 2 can gather according to flow sensing circuit 4
The flow of current is calculated, and then is shown on display screen 3.In the exiting water process of bath articles, accumulator 31 is kept
Charged state, after current stop, then accumulator 31 can be discharged, and the electric energy stored in accumulator 31 is available for controller
Data in 2 carry out the preservation of short time so that user, which takes a shower to turn off halfway, can also check pass when bath articles is again turned on
Data on flows before closing, while old data on flows and the data on flows newly obtained are subjected to accumulation calculating, use can be obtained
During total flow data, optimize the Consumer's Experience of bath articles.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, flow sensing circuit 4 includes frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41, voltage signal acquisition circuit
42, frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41, voltage signal acquisition circuit 42 are both connected to the signal output part and controller 2 of generator 1
Signal input part between.
Frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41 in the present embodiment includes first-order low-pass wave circuit 411 and can believe continuous analog
Number be converted to the triode Q2 of frequency signal, the first-order low-pass wave circuit 411 is RC filter circuits, the first-order low-pass ripple
The input of circuit 411 is connected to the front end of filter circuit in the current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 32 of power supply circuit 3, should in the present embodiment
The input of the input of first-order low-pass wave circuit 411 is the front end for being connected to filter capacitor in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit 32.One
The output end of rank low-pass filter circuit 411 is connected with triode Q2 base stage, triode Q2 grounded emitter.
In order to ensure that the voltage range obtained meets the voltage range of the ADC conversions of the controller 2 of low-power consumption, voltage signal
Acquisition Circuit 42 uses bleeder circuit, i.e., is connected to using two resistant series between triode Q2 colelctor electrode and ground wire, electricity
Signal acquisition terminal is pressed to be drawn in the junction of two resistance, in order to eliminate influence of the noise to the voltage signal of sampling, in partial pressure
Resistor in parallel connects an electric capacity.Simultaneously in order to carry out clamper to the output voltage of bleeder circuit, on divider resistance also simultaneously
Connection is connected with Zener diode regulator DZ2.
Using the flow rate testing methods of foregoing bathroom flow detector, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: initialization；
Step 2: controller 2 obtains the pulse duration frequency signal of the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41, and then determine whether
Current；
The deterministic process of current is：
Pulse frequency threshold value is set；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller 2 obtains the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41 is more than setting pulse frequency threshold
Value, then judge there are current, into step 3；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller 2 obtains the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41 is more than 0 and is less than pulse frequency
Rate threshold value, then judge that bath articles is in non-normal use state, controller 2 sends cue, and the cue can lead to
Cross the mode that buzzer call or display are shown to be reminded, while enter step 3；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller 2 obtains the collection of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41 is less than 0, judge anhydrous
Stream, then accumulator 31 supplies electricity to controller 2, the data on flows in the internal memory of controller 2 is preserved with the short time, such as accumulator 31
The electricity of storage is available for the data on flows in the internal memory of controller 2 to preserve 5 minutes, more than 5 minutes, the flow in the internal memory of controller 2
Data then disappear because of the power-off of controller 2, and then return to step two；Such as the bathroom is applied in gondola water faucet with flow detector
When, the situation turned off gondola water faucet and interrupt current often occurs during people's bathing, but the general break period is all shorter, then
It can ensure that the data on flows in the internal memory of controller 2 is not lost at short period water flow shutoff using the flow detector
Lose, and then the total water flow used in convenient calculating bathing experience, Consumer's Experience is optimized on the basis of energy-conservation；
Step 3: controller 2 reads the water flow value in internal memory, while the receives frequency signal acquisition circuit of controller 2
The generator output voltage signal that frequency signal, the voltage signal acquisition circuit 42 of the generator rotation of 41 collections gather, and then
Closed according to the water flow stored in controller 2 and the frequency data of generator rotation, the calculating of generator output voltage data
It is formula, accumulation calculating water flow, and then the current total flow during the current bathing of acquisition；
Step 4: return to step two, until the water flow in the internal memory of controller 2 is lost.
In order that the water flow data that must be obtained are more accurate, water flow and generating in controller 2 in the present embodiment
The frequency data of machine rotation, the acquisition process of the calculated relationship formula of generator output voltage data are：
Step 3.1, high-precision water meter is connected between water source and the water pipe of bath articles, the stream for stream of being fetched water by water meter reading
Speed, and then according to the flow of flow relocity calculation acquisition current；
Step 3.2, using high-precision water meter read flow rate of water flow while, utilize oscillograph rate of connections signal acquisition
The signal output part of circuit 41, voltage signal acquisition circuit 42, and then corresponding frequency data and voltage data are read, in order to keep away
Exempting from current, who builds that change is big or the caused error that diminishes, under same flow velocity, the multiple frequency data of repeated measurement and voltage data,
And then calculated using frequency data average value and voltage data average value；
Step 3.3, the calculation formula using fitting algorithm acquisition flow rate of water flow
V=f (x, y)=P00+P01x+P02y；
Wherein v is flow rate of water flow, and x is the frequency data that the generator that frequency signal Acquisition Circuit 41 exports rotates, and y is electricity
Press the output voltage data of the generator of the output of signal acquisition circuit 42, P00、P01、P02It is fitting coefficient；
Step 3.4, the flow according to flow rate of water flow calculating current；
F=∑s vi*ti；
Wherein i is natural number, viRepresent i-th of flow rate of water flow value, tiRepresent sampling interval duration.
As space is limited, one group of experimental data is only listed in the present embodiment.
Table 1
| Group | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Average value |
| Frequency (HZ) | 70.01 | 70.22 | 70.47 | 69.86 | 70.07 | 70.127 |
| Voltage (V) | 1.78 | 1.79 | 1.80 | 1.77 | 1.78 | 1.784 |
One-dimension array using the frequency data of all collections as variable x；The voltage data of all collections is as the one-dimensional of y
Array, select linear interpolation method to approach, carry out data fitting using least square method, the formula of the flow rate of water flow of acquisition is：
V=f (x, y)=0.005488+0.001914x-0.02502y
The degree of fitting of this model is：
1st, variance SSE=0.00057, the variance illustrate that model selection and fitting are more preferable, data prediction closer to 0
It is more successful.
2nd, coefficients R-square=0.9953 is determined, the determination coefficient is closer to 1, then fitting of the model to data is better.
3rd, goodness of fit R^2=0.9906, the goodness of fit illustrate fitting journey of the regression straight line to observation closer to 1
Degree is better.
4th, adjustment determines coefficient Adjusted R-square=0.9944, and the adjustment determines that coefficient closer to 1, shows this
Fitting of the individual model to data is better.
5th, root-mean-square value RMSE=0.00755, for the root-mean-square value closer to 0, the error of model is smaller.
These parameters show, the relation of combination electric voltage frequency proposed by the present invention and voltage assignment, can preferably characterize
The real-time flow rate of current, fitting effect are good.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of bathroom flow detector, be arranged in the pipeline of bath articles and with the generator in bath articles pipeline
(1) it is connected, it is characterised in that：Including controller (2), power supply circuit (3), flow sensing circuit (4), the power supply circuit
(3) it is connected respectively with the generator (1), controller (2) with by electric energy supply controller (2), institute caused by generator (1)
Stating flow sensing circuit (4) includes being used to gather the frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41) of the frequency signal of generator rotation, is used for
Gather the voltage signal acquisition circuit (42) of generator output voltage signal, the frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41), voltage letter
Number Acquisition Circuit (42) is both connected between the signal acquisition terminal of the power supply circuit (3) and the signal input part of controller (2),
The flow sensing circuit (4) is by the frequency signal for obtaining generator (1) rotation, voltage signal and is sent in controller (2)
Water flow data are obtained so that the controller (2) calculates.
2. bathroom flow detector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The frequency signal Acquisition Circuit
(41) include first-order low-pass wave circuit (411) and continuous analog signal can be converted to the triode (Q2) of frequency signal, institute
The input for stating first-order low-pass wave circuit (411) is connected to the signal acquisition terminal of power supply circuit (3), first-order low-pass wave circuit
(411) output end is connected with the base stage of triode (Q2), the grounded emitter of triode (Q2)；
The voltage signal acquisition circuit (42) uses bleeder circuit, the voltage input end of bleeder circuit and the collection of triode (Q2)
Electrode is connected.
3. bathroom flow detector according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is also in parallel on the bleeder circuit to connect
Zener diode regulator (DZ2) is connected to carry out clamper to the output voltage of bleeder circuit.
4. bathroom flow detector according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is connected in parallel on the bleeder circuit
There is electric capacity.
5. the bathroom flow detector according to Claims 1-4 any claim, it is characterised in that：The confession
Circuit (3) includes accumulator (31), current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (32) and low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (DZ1), the rectification filter
The electric energy output end with the generator (1), the input of accumulator (31) are connected wave circuit (32) respectively, the low pressure
The output end with accumulator (31), the power input of controller (2) are connected difference linear constant voltage regulator (DZ1) respectively.
6. bathroom flow detector according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The frequency signal Acquisition Circuit
(41), the input of voltage signal acquisition circuit (42) is both connected to the front end of filter circuit in current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (32).
A kind of 7. flow rate testing methods for applying bathroom flow detector as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: initialization；
Step 2: controller (2) obtains the pulse duration frequency signal of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41) collection, and then determine whether
Current；
If it is determined that there are current then to enter step 3；
If it is determined that then accumulator (31) supplies electricity to controller (2) to non-water flow, preserved with the short time in controller (2) internal memory
Data on flows, and then return to step two；
Step 3: controller (2) reads the water flow value in internal memory, while controller (2) receives frequency signal acquisition circuit
(41) frequency signal of the generator rotation of collection, the generator output voltage signal of voltage signal acquisition circuit (42) collection,
And then rotated according to water flow and the generator stored in controller (2) frequency data, generator output voltage data
Calculated relationship formula, accumulation calculating water flow, and then obtain the current total flow during current bathing；
Step 4: return to step two, until the water flow in controller (2) internal memory is lost.
8. flow rate testing methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, pulse frequency threshold is set
Value；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller (2) obtains frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41) collection is more than setting pulse frequency threshold
Value, then judge there are current；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller (2) obtains frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41) collection is more than 0 and is less than pulse frequency
Rate threshold value, then judge that bath articles is in non-normal use state, controller (2) sends cue, while enters step 3；
If the pulse duration frequency signal that controller (2) obtains frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41) collection is less than 0, judge anhydrous
Stream.
9. flow rate testing methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The interior water flow of the controller (2) and hair
The frequency data of motor rotation, the acquisition process of the calculated relationship formula of generator output voltage data are：
Step 3.1, high-precision water meter is connected between water source and the water pipe of bath articles, the flow velocity for stream of being fetched water by water meter reading,
And then the flow of current is obtained according to flow relocity calculation；
Step 3.2, using high-precision water meter read flow rate of water flow while, utilize oscillograph rate of connections signal acquisition circuit
(41), the signal output part of voltage signal acquisition circuit (42), and then read corresponding frequency data and voltage data；
Step 3.3, the calculation formula using fitting algorithm acquisition flow rate of water flow
V=f (x, y)=P00+P01x+P02y；
Wherein v is flow rate of water flow, and x is the frequency data that the generator of frequency signal Acquisition Circuit (41) output rotates, and y is voltage
The output voltage data of the generator of signal acquisition circuit (42) output, P00、P01、P02It is fitting coefficient；
Step 3.4, the flow according to flow rate of water flow calculating current；
F=∑s vi*ti；
Wherein i is natural number, viRepresent i-th of flow rate of water flow value, tiRepresent sampling interval duration.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710773187.2A CN107621290B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Flow detection device and flow detection method for bathroom |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710773187.2A CN107621290B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Flow detection device and flow detection method for bathroom |
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Family
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| CN115824320A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-21 | 中国铁路济南局集团有限公司 | Flow calculation method and measuring and calculating device based on frequency conversion of frequency converter |
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| CN112927488A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-08 | 杭州极能科技有限公司 | Intelligent water affair management system |
| CN115824320A (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-03-21 | 中国铁路济南局集团有限公司 | Flow calculation method and measuring and calculating device based on frequency conversion of frequency converter |
| CN115824320B (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-05-23 | 中国铁路济南局集团有限公司 | Flow calculation method and device based on frequency conversion of frequency converter |
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