CN107617800A - A kind of instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy - Google Patents
A kind of instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN107617800A CN107617800A CN201710798607.2A CN201710798607A CN107617800A CN 107617800 A CN107617800 A CN 107617800A CN 201710798607 A CN201710798607 A CN 201710798607A CN 107617800 A CN107617800 A CN 107617800A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy, belong to high temperature alloy welding technology field.Welding procedure of the present invention is：Welding surface processing is clean, intermediate layer alloy is placed with sample gap to be welded, fixing sample to be welded using spot welding positioning and applying stop-off gent near the weld seam of sample outer surface；High-temperature vacuum soldering furnace is used during welding, part is warming up to nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy solution heat treatment temperature with stove, and heating rate is not less than 5 DEG C/min, and determines weld interval by the alloy solid solution heat treating regime stipulated time, starts to be cooled to room temperature with stove afterwards.The present invention can realize the high-quality welding of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy, and the microstructure of postwelding joint is consistent with mother metal, and each element is evenly distributed in joint, realize the uniform reinforcing of alloy, and the crystalline orientation of postwelding alloy is consistent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nickel base superalloy welding technology field, and in particular to a kind of moment of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy
Liquid phase connecting method.
Background technology
Advanced aviation, one of the key technology of energy source and power device are material developments.Newer engine designs effectively promote,
The development of advanced material is guided, generation new material drives the development of generation new work engine.Nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy have compared with
High elevated temperature strength, excellent anti-oxidant and hot corrosion resistance.With the development of modern industrial technology, advanced aero engine
Nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy is all used with ground gas turbine, and for hot-end component, nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy, which has become, works as foundry
One of crucial high-temperature structural material in industry field.
Nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy all has extremely complex composition, usually contains up to more than ten alloying elements planted, together
When, this kind of material is in order to obtain higher elevated temperature strength, it is necessary to is internally formed the precipitation phase of high-volume fractional at it, this is just
The very element such as Al or Ti of high content must be added.But the introducing of these elements, the fusion welding to nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy
It is very unfavorable to connect performance, it will usually inside weld seam, the position such as welding heat affected zone produce weld crack, have a strong impact on part
Security reliability.Moreover, it is also easy to produce the nucleus of other crystalline orientations during fusion welding inside weld seam, these other orientations
Nucleus is exactly stray crystal, destroys the crystallography uniformity of single crystal super alloy, causes its performance seriously to reduce.It is single at present
Brilliant high temperature alloy still belongs to a kind of special difficult wlding material, and conventional fused soldering method can hardly complete welding.
It has been generally acknowledged that high temperature brazing can solve the connectivity problem of difficult wlding material, also there is many in the past on high temperature brazing nickel
The report of based high-temperature alloy, but during use high-temp soldering method, the harmful phases such as boride are generally produced inside weld seam, these are harmful
The temperature in use and intensity of postwelding part are mutually had a strong impact on.For the nickel to be used under the conditions of higher temperature, higher stress
For based single-crystal high-temperature alloy part, high temperature brazing can't fully meet requirement.
As nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy is in the popularization and application of industrial circle, the Welding Problems of this kind of special material are increasingly
Draw attention, it is necessary to research and develop a kind of high-quality welding method and solve its effective Welding Problems.
The content of the invention
During in order to solve existing nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy welding in place of above shortcomings, it is an object of the invention to
A kind of instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy is provided, this method can realize the height of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy
Quality is welded, and the microstructure of postwelding joint is consistent with mother metal, and each element is evenly distributed in joint, realizes the uniform strong of alloy
Change, and the crystalline orientation of postwelding mother metal is consistent.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy component, the connection method comprise the following steps：
(1) welding surface of mother metal to be welded is handled clean；
(2) assembled before weldering：Between intermediate layer alloy (welding material) is positioned over into the welding surface of two mother metals to be welded, adopt
Mother metal to be welded is fixed on the positioning with spot welding mode, then position while welding peripheral region coats choked flow on mother metal outer surface to be welded
Agent；
(3) weld：High-temperature vacuum soldering furnace is used during welding, part is warming up to nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy solid solution heat with stove
Treatment temperature, heating rate is not less than 5 DEG C/min, and determines weld interval by the alloy solid solution heat treating regime stipulated time, so
Cool down using vacuum air-quenching afterwards or be cooled to room temperature with stove, that is, obtain nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy connector.
In above-mentioned steps (1), mother metal to be welded is the solid solution state or heat treatment completely being prepared using directional solidification processes
State nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy；Mother metal to be welded is preferably bar-like single crystal material, and when mother metal to be welded is bar-shaped, single crystal alloy orientation is solidifying
Gu direction is axially consistent with rod-like samples.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the welding surface processing procedure of mother metal to be welded is：First with emery cloth or the method for mechanical grinding
The oxide of welding surface is removed, forbids to scratch non-solder surface；Then it is cleaned by ultrasonic with acetone, scavenging period is
5min, dried up after cleaning.Mother metal solder side is perpendicular to mother metal directional solidification direction (mother metal axial direction), mother metal face of weld roughness
≤ 6.4, the crystalline orientation of two pieces of mother metals to be welded is measured using method of X-ray diffraction, it is ensured that its crystalline orientation and [001] side
It is not more than 3 ° to deviation.
In above-mentioned steps (2), the intermediate layer alloy (welding material) is that banding or powdered Ni-based or cobalt-based weld
Material.
In above-mentioned steps (2), after placing intermediate layer alloy between the welding surface of sample to be welded, welding surface and intermediate layer
Alloy is brought into close contact, without obvious space.
Before the weldering of above-mentioned steps (2) in assembling process, two bar-like single crystal high temperature alloys are realized using welding fixture special
Mother metal is welded and fixed；The welding fixture special includes specimen holder, and some columnar through holes are opened up on specimen holder, for placing
The mother metal to be welded being welded and fixed.
In above-mentioned steps (3), in heating and/or insulating process, when furnace temperature is higher than 500 DEG C, vacuum is not low in stove
In 8 × 10-3Pa。
Conventional post weld heat treatment is carried out to nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy connector obtained by step (3)：Including high temperature solid solution and
Ageing Treatment.
Design principle of the present invention and have the beneficial effect that：
Can the heterogeneous microstructure of welding point directly determines the welding quality after welding, keep monocrystalline high temperature after welding
The crystalline orientation uniformity of alloy is extremely important for the welding of single crystal super alloy.At present, using fusion welding, soldering
Etc. the single crystallization that conventional method can not realize joint.The inventive method by specific assembling process before weldering and welding when and weldering
The modes such as particular procedure afterwards, the welding point microstructure obtained is uniform, and each alloying element is evenly distributed on whole welding
In the range of joint, so as to realize the uniform reinforcing of alloy.Two pieces of single crystal alloy its crystalline orientations after welding are consistent, this
Illustrate that the inventive method can realize that single crystal alloy is same well and be orientated welding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is clamp structural representation in connection method of the present invention；Wherein：(a) fixture top view；(b) fixture is being just
View.
Fig. 2 is weld zone microstructure after embodiment 1 is welded.
Fig. 3 is matrix area microstructure after embodiment 1 is welded.
Fig. 4 is the crystalline orientation inspection for each position of sample welded using crystalline orientation method of testing to embodiment 1
Survey result.
Fig. 5 is to carry out content line scanning result to the sample of post weld heat treatment is welded and carried out through embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is that embodiment 2 welds rear joint and the contrast of mother metal sample different temperatures fracture strength.
Fig. 7 is that embodiment 2 welds rear joint and the contrast of mother metal sample different temperatures yield strength.
Fig. 8 is the stretcher strain curve that embodiment 2 welds rear joint sample.
Fig. 9 is the stretcher strain curve of mother metal sample after embodiment 2 is welded.
Figure 10 is that embodiment 2 welds rear joint and the contrast of mother metal sample different temperatures stretching plastic.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention is the instant liquid phase connecting method for nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy, is consolidated with prepared by directional solidification processes
Solvent or complete heat treatment state nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy are mother metal to be welded, and mother metal to be welded is bar-like single crystal material in following examples
Material, single crystal alloy directional solidification direction are axially consistent with rod-like samples.
The process of the instant liquid phase connecting method is：Assembling, welding and post weld heat treatment before welding surface processing, weldering；
Wherein：Assembling process is between intermediate layer alloy (welding material) is positioned over into the welding surface of two mother metals to be welded, to adopt before weldering
Mother metal to be welded is fixed on the positioning with spot welding mode, then the position while welding peripheral region coating oxidation on mother metal outer surface to be welded
Chromium, aluminum oxide or titanium oxide stop-off gent.Mother metal solder side is perpendicular to mother metal directional solidification direction (mother metal axial direction).Used in assembling
Welding fixture special realizes being welded and fixed for two bar-like single crystal high temperature alloy mother metals；As shown in figure 1, the welding fixture special
Including specimen holder, some columnar through holes are opened up on specimen holder, the mother metal to be welded being welded and fixed is placed in through hole.Assembled before weldering
Detailed process is：Two column mother metals are placed by docking one on the other, and upper and lower two monocrystalline mother metals keep consistent on axial direction
Property, pre-assembled positions before being welded using tack-weld to two monocrystalline mother metals；The weld assembly having good positioning is put in a vertical manner
In the through-core hole for entering weld jig, ensure that weld assembly is disposed vertically by the weld jig, it is impossible to have the inclination of vertical direction
Produce.
In following examples, the intermediate layer alloy used is nickel-base alloy, weight percentage, its chemical composition
For：Boron 2~3.5%, silicon 1~3%, tungsten 4~10%, chromium 10~15%, iron 3~6%, nickel are surplus.
Embodiment 1：
Using the DD498 single crystal super alloys after higher temperature solid solution before weldering, the method with emery cloth or mechanical grinding is careful
The oxide of welding surface is removed, forbids to scratch non-solder surface, is cleaned by ultrasonic with acetone, time 5min, after cleaning
Drying；Using banding Nickel-welding Material, between banding welding material is placed on into two pieces of mother metals, ensure good knot each other
Close, it is impossible to have obvious gap；High-temperature vacuum soldering furnace is used during welding, part heats up with stove, heating rate not less than 5 DEG C/
Min, 120-360min is incubated after 1295 DEG C -1315 DEG C, starts to be cooled to room temperature with stove afterwards；Postwelding sample carries out high-temperature aging
Processing.
The problem of can heterogeneous microstructure need to consider when being and obtaining relatively satisfactory welding quality after welding.This technique postwelding
Obtained weld zone microstructure as shown in Fig. 2 matrix area microstructure fig. 3, it is shown that using above-mentioned welding side
Method, the uniform welding point of microstructure can be obtained.
Welding of the crystalline orientation uniformity of single crystal super alloy after welding for single crystal super alloy can be kept
Say extremely important, at present, the single crystallization of joint can not be realized using conventional methods such as fusion welding, solderings.Using crystalline orientation
The crystalline orientation for each position of sample that method of testing is welded to this technique detects, as a result as shown in Figure 4.It can be seen that adopt
Two pieces of single crystal alloys after being welded with this method, its crystalline orientation are consistent substantially, and this explanation this method can be well
Realize that single crystal alloy is same and be orientated welding.
Sample to welding and after post weld heat treatment carries out element distribution analysis, as a result as shown in Figure 5.It can be seen that monocrystalline
Various elements in high temperature alloy level off in the range of whole joint to be uniformly distributed.This explanation is using technical side of the invention
Method can cause alloying element to be evenly distributed in the range of whole welding point, realize the uniform reinforcing of alloy.
Embodiment 2
Using the DD498m single crystal super alloys after higher temperature solid solution before weldering, the method with emery cloth or mechanical grinding is careful
The oxide of welding surface is removed, forbids to scratch non-solder surface, is cleaned by ultrasonic with acetone, time 5min, after cleaning
Drying；Using banding Nickel-welding Material, between banding welding material is placed on into two pieces of mother metals, ensure good knot each other
Close, it is impossible to have obvious gap；High-temperature vacuum soldering furnace is used during welding, part heats up with stove, heating rate not less than 5 DEG C/
Min, 120-360min is incubated after 1295 DEG C -1315 DEG C, starts to be cooled to room temperature with stove afterwards；Postwelding sample carries out high-temperature aging
Processing.
Sample after welding is processed into standard tensile test sample, intensity detection, testing result are carried out in different temperatures
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.As can be seen that welding after sample fracture strength (Fig. 6) and yield strength (Fig. 7) in each temperature
Under the conditions of all reached the level of mother metal single crystal super alloy, it is anti-using the single crystal alloy of the technique postwelding of the present invention for this explanation
Tensile strength is horizontal close to mother metal.
Can be seen that (Fig. 8) from the stretcher strain curve of sample joints, the shape of the deformation curve of postwelding sample joints and
Trend and mother metal are essentially identical (Fig. 9), and this explanation welding process does not have the obvious plastic deformation sheet for changing single crystal super alloy
Matter.The fracture elongation of sample joints is suitable with mother metal, shows that its plasticity is good (Figure 10).
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy, it is characterised in that：The connection method includes following step Suddenly：(1) welding surface of mother metal to be welded is handled clean；(2) intermediate layer alloy is positioned between the welding surface of two mother metals to be welded, using spot welding mode by sample mother metal to be welded It is fixed on the positioning, then position while welding peripheral region coats stop-off gent on mother metal outer surface to be welded；(3) weld：High-temperature vacuum soldering furnace is used during welding, part is warming up to nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy solution heat treatment with stove Temperature, heating rate are not less than 5 DEG C/min, are then cooled down using vacuum air-quenching or are cooled to room temperature with stove, that is, obtain Ni-based list Brilliant high temperature alloy weldment.
- 2. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) in, mother metal to be welded is the solid solution state or the conjunction of complete heat treatment state nickel-based monocrystal high temperature being prepared using directional solidification processes Gold；Mother metal solder side is perpendicular to mother metal directional solidification direction.
- 3. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described to treat Weldering mother metal is bar-like single crystal material, and single crystal alloy directional solidification direction and bar-shaped mother metal sample are axially consistent.
- 4. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) in, the welding surface processing procedure of mother metal to be welded is：The oxygen of welding surface is removed with the method for emery cloth or mechanical grinding first Compound；Then it is cleaned by ultrasonic with acetone, scavenging period 5min, is dried up after cleaning；After processing, mother metal face of weld is coarse Degree≤6.4, the crystalline orientation of mother metal to be welded are not more than 3 ° with [001] deviation of directivity.
- 5. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) in, the intermediate layer alloy is banding or powdered Ni-based or cobalt-based welding material.
- 6. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) in, after placing intermediate layer alloy between the welding surface of mother metal to be welded, welding surface is brought into close contact with intermediate layer alloy.
- 7. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (3) in, in heating and/or insulating process, when furnace temperature is higher than 500 DEG C, vacuum is not less than 8 × 10 in stove-3Pa。
- 8. the instant liquid phase connecting method of nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：To step (3) gained nickel-base high-temperature single crystal alloy connector carries out post weld heat treatment：Including high temperature solid solution and Ageing Treatment.
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| CN112388143A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for welding nickel-based single crystal superalloy TLP (thermal shock welding) of mixed powder interlayer |
| CN113909610A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-11 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | High-performance brazing method for third-generation single crystal high-temperature alloy |
| CN114769772A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for improving joint strength of GH3536/GH4738 alloy |
| CN114769771A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing processing technology capable of reducing weld joint microcrack defects |
| CN114799395A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-29 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar nickel-based high-temperature alloy for improving strength stability of joint |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112388143A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for welding nickel-based single crystal superalloy TLP (thermal shock welding) of mixed powder interlayer |
| CN113909610A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-11 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | High-performance brazing method for third-generation single crystal high-temperature alloy |
| CN113909610B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-03-10 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | High-performance brazing method for third-generation single crystal high-temperature alloy |
| CN114769772A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for improving joint strength of GH3536/GH4738 alloy |
| CN114769771A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-22 | 北京科技大学 | Nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing processing technology capable of reducing weld joint microcrack defects |
| CN114799395A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-29 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar nickel-based high-temperature alloy for improving strength stability of joint |
| CN114799395B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-02-21 | 北京科技大学 | Vacuum brazing method for dissimilar nickel-based high-temperature alloy for improving strength stability of joint |
| CN114769771B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-09-05 | 北京科技大学 | Nickel-based superalloy brazing processing technology capable of reducing weld microcrack defects |
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