CN107612425A - The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag - Google Patents
The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag and electricity-generating method, including：Apparatus body structure, rear side copper coin, front side copper coin, top copper coin, thermo-electric generation sheet, hot side heat, cool side heat pipes, cold end copper coin and cooled copper；Described apparatus body structure front end has gas approach, and end has exhanst gas outlet；Top copper coin is installed, front and rear sides are separately installed with front side copper coin and rear side copper coin at the top of described device body structure.The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag of the present invention, thermoelectric power generation are based on heat pipe intensified heat exchange, and the device thermal efficiency improves, and the excess heat reclaimed under unit length is substantially improved；Temperature of the cold side of the power generation is based on heat pipe intensified heat exchange, the heat increase that cooling water is taken away under unit length, maintains cold end low temperature, ensure that the power generation sheet hot and cold side temperature difference, make to greatly promote by the overall performance referred to of the power output of unit length device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ship energy saving and environmental protection technical field, more than specifically a kind of novel ship main frame waste gas
The method and apparatus that recuperation of heat generates electricity.
Background technology
At present, scientific and technical rapid development accelerates the process of global economic integration, the exchange between countries in the world
Intercommunication is increasingly frequent, and the physical volume of foreign trade increases sharply, and ship is right into one of main traffic means of transport of development of world economy
National development and economic prosperity is promoted to serve extremely important effect.
Numerous studies show that waste heat form is relatively more caused by boat diesel engine, mainly discharged fume including boat diesel engine,
The waste heats such as jacket-cooling water, air cooler, about 50% has obtained effective utilization in heat energy caused by boat diesel engine, and remaining is big
Partial heat has been discharged into air in the form of waste gas.By taking foreign-going ship as an example, the power of its diesel engine being equipped with typically exists
More than thousands of horsepower, the flue-gas temperature of discharge is up to 400 DEG C, contains substantial amounts of heat energy, if more than being lost in this part
Thermal energy is used, can less fuel consumption, reduce energy consumption, improve efficiency, improve Shipping economy, reduce simultaneously
The carbon emission of ship, played an important role in alleviating energy crisis and in terms of improving environmental problem.
Thermo-electric generation can convert heat energy into electric energy, at present, thermoelectric generation as a kind of green energy resource technology
Action oriented research has focused largely on residual heat of tail gas of automobile and utilizes field, and thermoelectric generation obtains in automotive residual heat recycling field
Preferable effect.
At present, the thermo-electric generation using marine vehicle diesel residual heat as thermal source was studied also in the starting stage.Boat diesel engine
Power output is significantly larger than automobile engine, and operating condition is more stable, and excess heat is also far more than automobile, moreover, ship
The characteristics of waste heat, also different from automobile, if carrying out thermo-electric generation using marine vehicle diesel residual heat as thermal source, will obtain huge receipts
Benefit.
The power output of current thermo-electric generation is than relatively low, and wherein a big chunk reason is the heat of TRT hot and cold side
Resistance coefficient is excessive cause to exchange heat it is insufficient.
Therefore, heat exchange efficiency is improved also into the key point for improving Ship Waste Heat thermo-electric generation power output.
The content of the invention
According to technical problem set forth above, and provide a kind of marine exhaust waste heat temperature difference of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag
TRT and electricity-generating method, for solving profit of the power output of existing thermo-electric generation than relatively low, device to fume afterheat
Cause the shortcomings that insufficient that exchanges heat with rate is low, utilization is small and the thermal resistivity of TRT hot and cold side is excessive.The present invention uses
Technological means it is as follows：
A kind of marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag, including：Apparatus body structure, rear side
Copper coin, front side copper coin, top copper coin, thermo-electric generation sheet, hot side heat, cool side heat pipes, cold end copper coin and cooled copper；Described
Apparatus body structure front end has gas approach, and end has exhanst gas outlet；Top copper is installed at the top of described device body structure
Plate, front and rear sides are separately installed with front side copper coin and rear side copper coin.
Described top copper coin, front side copper coin and rear side copper coin is identical hot junction copper coin, and described hot junction copper coin includes
Copper coin A and copper coin B；The upper surface of the copper coin A is machined with regularly arranged copper coin groove, staggered row in described copper coin groove
Show hot side heat；Described hot side heat includes stretching into the evaporation ends of apparatus body inside configuration and cold in copper coin groove
Solidifying end；Described copper coin B lower surfaces are machined with the corresponding groove of the copper coin groove of the copper coin A, the copper coin B lower surfaces
Upper surface with copper coin A is connected.
The upper surface of the copper coin B is provided with regularly arranged thermo-electric generation sheet, the thermo-electric generation of the thermo-electric generation sheet
Piece hot junction is close to the upper surface of the copper coin B, and the temperature of the cold side of the power generation of the thermo-electric generation sheet is provided with cold end copper coin.
Connected between copper coin B and cold end the copper coin A by bolt and multi-layer gasket (spring shim, heat insulating mattress etc.).
In order to ensure that output performance is optimal, for different types of thermo-electric generation sheet, realized by different bolt torques specific tight
Solid pressure power.
Described cold end copper coin includes the copper coin A and copper coin B for being close to temperature of the cold side of the power generation；The copper coin A and copper coin B
Between be machined with groove for fixing cool side heat pipes, cool side heat pipes is embedded in the groove fixed；Described cold end
Heat pipe includes the evaporation ends in embedded cold end copper coin and stretches out the condensation end of cold end copper coin, and described condensation end passes through cooled copper
A and cooled copper B are fixedly clamped.
As in preferred the cooled copper A and cooled copper B, in the top of copper coin groove, snakelike cooling current are provided with
Road, the both ends of the cooled copper have cooling water inlet and coolant outlet respectively.
It is moderate temperature heat pipe as the preferred hot side heat, its compatible case material is carbon steel, and its working media is naphthalene, institute
It is normal temperature heat pipe to state cool side heat pipes, and its compatible case material is stainless steel, and working media is acetone.
As being preferably bolted fixation between the copper coin B and the copper coin A.
High-performance heat-conducting silicone grease is scribbled as between the preferably gap of the copper coin groove and the hot side heat condensation end.
Thermo-electric generation sheet as the preferred copper coin B upper setting is connected in series, and forms thermo-electric generation unit, each
The thermo-electric generation unit in individual face is in parallel, forms an overall thermoelectric conversion device.
Pass through bolt and multi-layer gasket (spring shim, heat insulating mattress as between preferred copper coin B and cold end the copper coin A
Deng) connection.In order to ensure that output performance is optimal, for different types of thermo-electric generation sheet, realized by different bolt torques
Specific fastening pressure.
Set as the hot side heat same level direction set on preferred the rear side copper coin and front side copper coin in α angles,
30°≤α≤150°。
The cool side heat pipes same level direction set on the rear side copper coin and front side copper coin is set in β angles, 30 °≤β≤
150°。
A kind of electricity-generating method of the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of above-mentioned multi-stag.
Compared with prior art, the marine exhaust waste heat thermo-electric generation of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag of the present invention
Device and electricity-generating method, there is advantages below：
1st, marine exhaust waste heat thermoelectric generation provides what a kind of waste gas residual heat using ship discharge was generated electricity
Approach.
2nd, thermoelectric power generation is based on heat pipe intensified heat exchange, and the device thermal efficiency improves, the waste heat reclaimed under unit length
Amount is substantially improved, and the overall performance using the power output of unit length device as reference greatly promotes.
3rd, temperature of the cold side of the power generation is based on heat pipe intensified heat exchange, and under device unit length, temperature of the cold side of the power generation is cooled
The heat increase that water is taken away, makes cold end obtain more preferable cooling effect, using the power output of unit length device as the whole of reference
Body performance greatly promotes.
4th, the present invention can directly convert heat into electric energy, movement-less part, environmental pollution and noise will not be caused dirty
Dye.
5th, electric energy caused by the work of marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat carries energy storage and power adjusting list being incorporated to
After the ship micro-capacitance sensor of member, equipment on board power supply can be continuously, realizes that ship efficiency is lifted.
6th, the present invention is cheap, is easily achieved, and is easy to manage and safeguards.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention main body figure.
Fig. 2 is thermo-electric generation sheet layout drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is heat pipe arrangement figure in top of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is copper coin structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is cooling water flow conduits schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is copper coin layout drawing in hot junction of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is cool side heat pipes layout drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is apparatus of the present invention general arrangement.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of thermo-electric generation of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the fundamental diagram of heat pipe of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the traditional thermo-electric generation experimental provision experimental data chart of the present invention.
Figure 12 and Figure 13 be hot side heat enhanced heat exchange temperature difference electricity generation device with traditional temperature difference electricity generation device output performance with
The graph of relation of hot-side temperature.
Figure 14 and Figure 15 is cool side heat pipes enhanced heat exchange temperature difference electricity generation device and cold end cooled plate cooling range TRT
Output performance is with hot and cold side difference variation curve map.
Figure 16 is the thermo-electric generation experimental provision performance test data drawing list that cold end of the present invention uses heat pipe intensified heat transfer.
Wherein：11st, hot side heat, 12, gas approach, 13, apparatus body structure, 14, copper coin A, 15, exhanst gas outlet,
21st, thermo-electric generation sheet, 22, copper coin B, 23, temperature of the cold side of the power generation, 24, thermoelectric power generation,
41st, copper coin groove,
51st, cooling water inlet, 52, cooling water flow conduits, 53, coolant outlet,
61st, rear side copper coin, 62, front side copper coin, 63, top copper coin,
71st, cooled copper A, 72, cooled copper B, 73, cool side heat pipes.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, a kind of marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag, including：
Apparatus body structure 13, rear side copper coin 61, front side copper coin 62, top copper coin 63, thermo-electric generation sheet 21, hot side heat 11, cold end heat
Pipe 73, cold end copper coin and cooled copper；To realize that heat transfer efficiency is optimal, heat loss is reduced, comprehensive many-sided consideration is made from copper
For device integral material.
The described front end of apparatus body structure 13 has gas approach 12, and end has exhanst gas outlet 15；Described device body knot
The top of structure 13 is provided with top copper coin 63, and front and rear sides are separately installed with front side copper coin 62 and rear side copper coin 61；Described top
It is identical hot junction copper coin to hold copper coin 63, front side copper coin 62 and rear side copper coin 61, and described hot junction copper coin includes copper coin A14 and copper
Plate B22；The upper surface of the copper coin A14 is machined with regularly arranged copper coin groove 41, staggered row in described copper coin groove 41
Show hot side heat 11.
Described hot side heat 11 includes the evaporation ends stretched into inside apparatus body structure 13 and in copper coin groove 41
Condensation end；Described copper coin B22 lower surfaces are machined with the corresponding groove of the copper coin groove 41 of the copper coin A14, the copper
Plate B22 lower surfaces are connected with copper coin A14 upper surface；It is bolted between the copper coin B22 and the copper coin A14
It is fixed.
The upper surface of the copper coin B22 is provided with regularly arranged thermo-electric generation sheet 21, the temperature of the thermo-electric generation sheet 21
Poor power generation sheet hot junction 24 (temperature end) is close to the upper surface of the copper coin B22, the thermo-electric generation sheet of the thermo-electric generation sheet 21
Cold end 23 is provided with cold end copper coin；Between copper coin B22 and cold end the copper coin A by bolt and multi-layer gasket (spring shim, every
Heat pad piece etc.) connection.In order to ensure that output performance is optimal, for different types of thermo-electric generation sheet, turned round by different bolts
Square realizes specific fastening pressure.Described cold end copper coin includes the copper coin A and copper coin B for being close to temperature of the cold side of the power generation；Institute
The groove being machined between copper coin A and copper coin B for fixing cool side heat pipes 73 is stated, cool side heat pipes 73 is embedded in the groove
Interior fixation；Described cool side heat pipes 73 include the evaporation ends in embedded cold end copper coin and stretch out the condensation end of cold end copper coin, described
Condensation end be fixedly clamped by cooled copper A71 and cooled copper B73.
The cooled copper A71 and cooled copper B72 arranged herein, with copper coin A14 and copper coin B22 and the place of hot side heat 11
The copper coin of arrangement is identical in structure.It is bolted between cooled copper A71 and cooled copper B72.
In the cooled copper A71 and cooled copper B72, in the top of copper coin groove 41, snakelike cooling water flow conduits are provided with,
The both ends of the cooled copper have cooling water inlet and coolant outlet respectively.
The hot side heat 11 is moderate temperature heat pipe, and its compatible case material is carbon steel, and its working media is naphthalene, the cold end
Heat pipe 73 is normal temperature heat pipe, and its compatible case material is stainless steel, and working media is acetone.
High-performance heat-conducting silicone grease is scribbled between the gap of the copper coin groove 41 and the condensation end of the hot side heat 11, to subtract
Few thermal contact resistance.
High-performance thermostable heat-conductive silicone grease, which is scribbled, between thermoelectric power generation 24 and each copper coin surface contacts heat to reduce
Resistance, loss caused by so as to reduce during heat is transferred to thermoelectric power generation 24 as copper coin surface.
The thermo-electric generation sheet 21 of the upper setting of the copper coin B22 is connected in series, and forms thermo-electric generation unit, each face
Thermo-electric generation unit it is in parallel, form an overall thermoelectric conversion device.Set on the rear side copper coin 61 and front side copper coin 62
The same level direction of hot side heat 11 in α angles set, 30 °≤α≤150 °.Set on the rear side copper coin 61 and front side copper coin 62
The same level direction of cool side heat pipes 73 put is set in β angles, 30 °≤β≤150 °.
A kind of electricity-generating method of the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of above-mentioned multi-stag.
When ship flue gas flows through apparatus body structure 13, the flue gas of high temperature and the hot junction stretched into inside apparatus body structure 13 are hot
The evaporation end in contact of pipe 11.The arrangement mode of hot side heat 11 is is staggered, as shown in Figure 3.The structure of top copper coin 63 is such as
Shown in Fig. 4.Now, flowing of the hot side heat 11 to high-temperature flue gas produces perturbation action, makes its evaporation ends with hot side heat 11
Heat convection enhancing.
Substantial amounts of flue gas heat is absorbed by the working medium in hot side heat 11, meanwhile, the working medium heat absorption vapour in hot side heat 11
Change, carry the condensation end that a large amount of latent heat flow to hot side heat 11.
The heat that working medium carries discharges latent heat in the condensation end of hot side heat 11 and condenses into liquid, and liquid refrigerant leans on gravity
Evaporation ends are flowed back in effect again.
The latent heat discharged is transferred to the copper coin of top copper coin 63, front side copper coin 61 and rear side copper coin 62 by heat transfer
B22 ends；The thermo-electric generation sheet 21 that apparatus body structure 13 is installed is arranged in the top copper coin 63 in three faces, the and of front side copper coin 61
On the copper coin B22 end faces of rear side copper coin 62.
Each plate thermo-electric generation piece 21 is all separated by a distance with the thermo-electric generation sheet 21 around it, its arrangement, such as
Shown in Fig. 2.
Heat is transferred to thermoelectric power generation 24 by the copper coin B22 for being fixed on 13 3 faces of apparatus body structure, makes the temperature difference
Power generation sheet hot junction 24 maintains a higher temperature.
And the low-temperature end of thermo-electric generation sheet 21, i.e. temperature of the cold side of the power generation 23, enhanced heat exchange is still carried out by heat pipe.
The heat transfer of temperature of the cold side of the power generation 23 to the evaporation ends of cool side heat pipes 73, inhale by the working medium inside cool side heat pipes 73
Hot vapour, carry latent heat and flow to condensation end, working medium flows back to evaporation after condensation end release latent heat condensation by Action of Gravity Field
End.
The condensation end of cool side heat pipes 73 is clamped by the cooled copper A 71 and cooled copper B72 for being provided with copper coin groove 41, cold
But it is bolted between copper coin A and cooled copper B.In cooled copper A 71 and cooled copper B72, in copper coin groove 41
Top, snakelike cooling water flow conduits 52 are provided with, its structure is as shown in figure 5, respectively there is a cooling water inlet at the both ends of cooled copper
51 and a coolant outlet 52.
The latent heat that the condensation end of cool side heat pipes 73 discharges is transferred to cooled copper A 71 and cooled copper by heat transfer
B72.The cooling water of flowing carries out heat convection with cooled copper, and cool side heat pipes 73 are transferred to this partial heat of cooled copper
Take away, so as to reach the purpose that 21 cold end cold to thermo-electric generation sheet is cooled down.Now, the cool and heat ends of thermo-electric generation sheet 21
The larger temperature difference is formed, to realize cogeneration.
The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag of the present invention, energy
It is enough that marine exhaust low grade residual heat is reclaimed, and cogeneration is carried out using thermoelectric generation, and access the micro- electricity of ship
Net is power supply for electrical equipment on ship, reduces the fuel consumption of ship generating diesel engine, realizes the efficiency lifting of ship.
The present invention is directed to the problem of existing apparatus heat exchange efficiency is not high, in temperature of the cold side of the power generation 23 and thermo-electric generation sheet heat
End 24, which separately designs, installs different heat pipe intensified heat-exchanger rigs, improves the thermal efficiency of thermo-electric generation waste-heat recovery device, simultaneously
Improve device power output.
The present apparatus is applied to the recycling of ship fume afterheat, and flue-gas temperature scope is about 250 DEG C~380 DEG C, selects
Temperature-difference thermoelectric material is middle low temperature temperature-difference thermoelectric material, and the hot side heat of selection is moderate temperature heat pipe, and its compatible case material is carbon
Steel, its working media are naphthalene, and its operating temperature is 30 DEG C~250 DEG C, and the cool side heat pipes of selection are normal temperature heat pipe, its compatible housing
Material is stainless steel, and working media is acetone, and its operating temperature is 0 DEG C~120 DEG C.
Device uses heat pipe intensified heat transfer in thermoelectric power generation 24, and the excess heat for making to reclaim in unit length increases greatly
Add, improve the thermal conversion efficiency of waste heat, because the condensation end of gravity assisted heat pipe needs to be higher than evaporation ends on locus, and consider
Reduce the space hold in horizontal direction, device is designed as, left and right three face arrangement heat pipe.
Flue gas is flowed through in flue gas pipeline after staggered hot side heat evaporation ends, perturbation action enhancing, heat convection effect
Fruit is more preferable, adds the heat exchange amount of fume afterheat；Device uses heat pipe intensified heat exchange in temperature of the cold side of the power generation 23, maximizes heat
Heat exchange between pipework condensation end and cooling water, the cooling of temperature of the cold side of the power generation 23 is set to reach optimum efficiency.
Preferably, the hot side heat of the front and rear sides of apparatus body structure 13 is arranged with horizontal direction in 30 ° and 150 ° respectively,
This method for arranging ensures that the condensation segment of heat pipe is higher than evaporator section in position, while reduces the space hold of horizontal direction.
Ship fume afterheat temperature between 250 DEG C to 380 DEG C, according to this waste heat supply temperature scope have chosen it is several be adapted to should
The temperature-difference thermoelectric material of temperature range, finally, comprehensive many-sided consideration, it is determined that be adapted to low temperature thermoelectricity material in the use of the device
The thermo-electric generation sheet of material.
The apparatus body structure 13 of the present apparatus uses tetrahedral structure, and this structure processing technology is simple, is easily installed and safeguards；
The outer wall of apparatus body structure 13 is respectively fixed with top copper coin 63, rear side copper coin 61 and front side copper coin 62；Front side copper coin 62 and rear side
Copper coin 61 is not just to align in position, its position consistency in vertical height, and its position in the horizontal direction is staggered necessarily
Distance is to facilitate the arrangement of internal hot side heat.
Hot junction copper coin and cold end copper coin in device combine by two half block copper coin A, copper coin B, with top copper coin
Exemplified by 63, copper coin groove 41 is provided with copper coin A14 and copper coin B22, the groove opened on copper coin A14 and copper coin B22 is mutual
Stagger, for placing heat pipe.
High-performance thermostable heat-conductive silicone grease is scribbled between copper coin groove 41 and heat pipe, gap subtracts as far as possible between making contact surface
It is small, reduce thermal contact resistance, avoid air heat transfer from causing the loss of heat, high-performance thermostable heat-conductive silicone grease has high-termal conductivity,
Enhance the transmission of heat.
The arrangement mode of heat pipe is respectively embedded into the copper coin groove 41 of hot junction copper coin, the steaming of final heat pipe to be staggered
Originator is lined up left and right two and arranged, the front and rear alignment in position of each row heat pipe.
In the general layout of heat pipe, the heat pipe in embedded front side copper coin 62 is in foremost in the horizontal direction, secondly
It is top hot side heat 11, is finally the heat pipe in embedded rear side copper coin 61, the left side one of wherein top hot side heat 11 arranges heat
For pipe in the U-shaped space that the row of front side heat pipe or so two are formed, the row heat pipe of the right side one of top heat pipe 11 is in a rear side heat pipe left side
In the U-shaped space that the row of the right side two are formed.
The condensation end of cool side heat pipes is clamped by two pieces of cooled coppers, respectively cooled copper A71 and cooled copper B72, and two
The side that block cooled copper clamps heat pipe is also provided with copper coin groove 41, on copper coin groove 41, the inside of cooled copper, is provided with
Cooling water flow conduits 52, the both ends of cooled copper 71 are provided with cooling water inlet 51 and coolant outlet 53.
The cool side heat pipes of both sides, respectively with horizontal direction in 30 ° and 150 °, both can guarantee that the cold of cool side heat pipes in arrangement
Solidifying end reduces the space hold in horizontal direction higher than evaporation ends again.
Cooling water flow conduits 52 are provided with inside cooled copper 71, cooling water flow conduits 52 are serpentine flow path；Cool down current direction and cigarette
Air-flow on the contrary, i.e. cooling water inlet in smoke outlet, coolant outlet is at gas approach end.
The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag of the present invention, it is
A kind of device that exhaust heat recovery power generation is carried out using thermoelectric generation.Thermo-electric generation is a kind of green based on Seebeck effect
Generation technology, it realizes that condition seeks to form certain temperature difference in the hot junction of thermo-electric generation sheet and cold end.
The present invention is using thermoelectric generation as core, on the basis of the Ship Waste Heat recovery temperature difference electricity generation device of design early stage
On, hot and cold side is increased in device unit length to the utilization of waste heat using heat pipe optimization heat exchange, is made thermoelectric power generation
24 temperature improve, and the temperature of temperature of the cold side of the power generation 23 reduces, and the thermo-electric generation sheet hot and cold side temperature difference increases, and then realize device heat
The lifting of photoelectric transformation efficiency,
The general principle of thermo-electric generation：
Thermoelectromotive force can be produced at material both ends when the temperature difference at thermoelectric material both ends, it is this to rely on thermoelectric material
Characteristic heat energy is transformed into the phenomenon of electric energy and calls thermo-electric generation.Thermo-electric generation is based primarily upon Seebeck effect.
Seebeck effect, also referred to as the first pyroelectric effect, it refers to due to the temperature of two kinds of different electric conductors or semiconductor
Difference and the pyroelectric phenomena for causing voltage difference between two kinds of materials.
Among the loop being made up of p-type and two kinds of different materials semiconductors of N-type, if two termination contacts of conductor material
Because different temperature value T be present in positionhWith Tc(Th>Tc) and form temperature difference, then hole and N-type in P-type semiconductor are partly led
Electrons in body make loop to produce electromotive force to low-temperature end diffusion accumulation, this electromotive force be referred to as Seebeck electromotive force or
Thermoelectromotive force.Seebeck effect provides theoretical foundation for thermo-electric generation, as shown in Figure 9.
When the temperature difference between two contact points is in certain limit, there is certain linear relationship in thermoelectromotive force with Δ T,
Such as formula：
Δ U=αPNΔT
In formula, Δ U is thermoelectromotive force, unit V；
Δ T is high and low temperature end temperature difference, and unit is DEG C；
αPNFor the relative Seebeck coefficient between two kinds of different thermoelectric material conductors, unit is V/ DEG C.
From formula, the semi-conducting material depended mainly on the size of in thermo-electric generation sheet and the temperature difference of thermoelectromotive force
The hot and cold side temperature difference of power generation sheet.
The operation principle of heat pipe：
Heat pipe is a kind of element for constantly to carry out heat transfer by working medium circulation generation vaporization-liquefaction.Because it has
Higher heat-transfer capability, heat exchanger is typically formed as to reclaim used heat.
Gravity assisted heat pipe operation principle is as illustrated, the evaporator section of heating gravity assisted heat pipe, the worker quality liquid of inside heat pipe are heated
Gaseous state is flashed to, the working substance steam for carrying a large amount of evaporation latent heats flows to the condensation segment of heat pipe, releases latent heat and condenses into liquid,
In the presence of self gravitation, form liquid film along heat pipe inner wall face and be back to evaporator section, this is just completing closed circulation
During substantial amounts of heat is delivered to condensation segment from the evaporator section of heat pipe, as shown in Figure 10.
The diabatic process of gravity assisted heat pipe is divided into condensation segment heat transfer and conducted heat with evaporator section, and wherein evaporator section heat transfer is divided into liquid film biography
Thermal process and liquid pool diabatic process.What is carried out in condensation segment heat transfer is the laminar film condensation heat transfer of saturated vapor；Evaporating
In the liquid pool diabatic process of section, when low-heat current density, formation be fluid free convection heat transfer, during medium heat flow density,
In addition to having convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection, nearly wall heat flux is delivered to central area, this disturbance after the bubble disengaging wall also formed
Improve the heat exchange of evaporator section, as hybrid MTDC, during higher thermal current density, fracture phenomena occurs in part bubble, enters one
Step improves the coefficient of heat transfer, and progress is nucleate boiling；And in the liquid film diabatic process of evaporator section, also according to the big of heat flow density
It is small to be divided into：Transition rank between the heat transfer of the membranaceous evaporation heat transfer of laminar flow, nucleate boiling heat transfer and mixed convection heat transfer, i.e. first two
Section.
The working medium operating temperature section filled in gravity assisted heat pipe is very big, and different working medium are equal in different temperature range internal efficiencies
Difference, therefore, the working medium for selecting to match with operating temperature section is to realize that heat pipe heat exchanging efficiency is maximumlly crucial.
Experimental data and comparison：
1st, without heat pipe temperature difference TRT
Experiment condition：Cooling water inlet temperature is 12 DEG C, and flow is 9.6 × 10-2m3/ h, the flow of flue gas is 135m3/ h,
The cooling current direction of experimental provision is relative with flue gas flow direction, and thermo-electric generation sheet series connection, load circuit resistance is 72 Ω, passes through regulation
Different flue-gas temperatures are tested.
As shown in figure 12, the experimental data in experimental data chart is found out, not using heat pipe intensified heat exchange ship more than
Recuperation of heat temperature difference electricity generation device, power output is maximum under the conditions of operating mode 3, about 53.25W, now thermo-electric generation sheet hot and cold side
The temperature difference is about 181.9 DEG C.
2nd, hot side heat enhanced heat exchange temperature difference electricity generation device and traditional temperature difference electricity generation device contrast experiment
Experiment condition：Flue-gas temperature is 325 DEG C, flue gas flow 135m3/ h, cooling water inlet temperature are 12 DEG C, flow
For 9.6 × 10-2m3/ h, the flow of flue gas is 135m3/ h, the cooling current direction of experimental provision is relative with flue gas flow direction, temperature difference hair
Electric piece series connection, load circuit resistance is 72 Ω, is tested by the flue-gas temperature for adjusting different.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, it is two kinds of experimental provision output performances and hot-side temperature when cold and heat source condition is identical
Relation curve.As seen from the figure, no heat pipe temperature difference generator experimental device hot junction heat-transfer effect is poor, in identical cold and heat source temperature
In the case of degree, traditional temperature difference electricity generation device hot-side temperature is 104.8 ± 1 DEG C, and cold junction temperature is 44.8 ± 1 DEG C, the hot and cold side temperature difference
Smaller, output voltage is 22.3 ± 0.2V, and its power output is 8.2 ± 0.1W, and uses the fume afterheat of heat pipe intensified heat transfer
The power output of thermo-electric generation experimental provision is the former 6.5 times.
3rd, cool side heat pipes enhanced heat exchange temperature difference electricity generation device and cold end cooled plate cooling range TRT contrast experiment
Experiment condition：Flue-gas temperature is 325 DEG C, flue gas flow 135m3/ h, cooling water inlet temperature are 12 DEG C, flow
For 9.6 × 10-2m3/ h, the flow of flue gas is 135m3/ h, the cooling current direction of experimental provision is relative with flue gas flow direction, temperature difference hair
Electric piece series connection, load circuit resistance is 72 Ω, is tested by the flue-gas temperature for adjusting different.
As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, for 325 DEG C of flue-gas temperature when, cold end is used using heat pipe intensified heat transfer unit (HTU) and cold end
Two kinds of thermo-electric generation experimental provision output performances of water cooling panel assembly are with hot and cold side difference variation curve.As seen from the figure, two kinds
The output voltage of experimental provision is identical with the variation tendency of the temperature difference with power output, but under identical flue-gas temperature, cold end uses
The experimental provision output voltage and power output of heat pipe are bigger.Under same experimental conditions, cold end is filled using heat pipe intensified heat exchange
Than improving 11.9% using the experimental provision of water cooling panel assembly, power output improves the experimental provision output voltage put
19%.
As shown in figure 16, the experimental data in experimental data chart is found out, device works as thermal source when without heat pipe intensified heat exchange
Temperature is 325 DEG C, and flue gas and cooling water flow are respectively 135m3/ h and 0.096m3During/h, its peak power output is about
53.25W；And after device installs heat pipe intensified heat-exchanger rig, in identical heat source temperature and flue gas, cooling water flow condition
Under, its peak power output is about 64.64W.Power output improves about 21.4% under the same terms.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, technique according to the invention scheme and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag, it is characterised in that including：Apparatus body Structure, rear side copper coin, front side copper coin, top copper coin, thermo-electric generation sheet, hot side heat, cool side heat pipes, cold end copper coin and cooling copper Plate；Described apparatus body structure front end has gas approach, and end has exhanst gas outlet；Top copper coin is installed, front and rear sides are separately installed with front side copper coin and rear side copper coin at the top of described device body structure；Described top copper coin, front side copper coin and rear side copper coin is identical hot junction copper coin, and described hot junction copper coin includes copper coin A With copper coin B；The upper surface of the copper coin A is machined with regularly arranged copper coin groove, and staggered row shows hot junction in described copper coin groove Heat pipe；Described hot side heat includes stretching into the evaporation ends of apparatus body inside configuration and the condensation end in copper coin groove；Described copper coin B lower surfaces are machined with the corresponding groove of the copper coin groove of the copper coin A, the copper coin B lower surfaces Upper surface with copper coin A is connected；The upper surface of the copper coin B is provided with regularly arranged thermo-electric generation sheet, the thermo-electric generation sheet heat of the thermo-electric generation sheet End is close to the upper surface of the copper coin B, and the temperature of the cold side of the power generation of the thermo-electric generation sheet is provided with cold end copper coin；Described cold end copper coin includes the copper coin A and copper coin B for being close to temperature of the cold side of the power generation；The groove for fixing cool side heat pipes is machined between the copper coin A and copper coin B, cool side heat pipes is embedded in described recessed It is fixed in groove；Described cool side heat pipes include the evaporation ends in embedded cold end copper coin and stretch out the condensation end of cold end copper coin, described condensation End is fixedly clamped by cooled copper A and cooled copper B.
- 2. the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag according to claim 1, its feature It is：In the cooled copper A and cooled copper B, in the top of copper coin groove, snakelike cooling water flow conduits, the cooling copper are provided with The both ends of plate have cooling water inlet and coolant outlet respectively.
- 3. the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag according to claim 1 or 2, it is special Sign is：The hot side heat is moderate temperature heat pipe, and its compatible case material is carbon steel, and its working media is naphthalene, and the cool side heat pipes are Normal temperature heat pipe, its compatible case material are stainless steel, and working media is acetone.
- 4. the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag according to claim 3, its feature It is：Fixation is bolted between the copper coin B and the copper coin A.
- 5. the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag according to claim 3, its feature It is：High-performance heat-conducting silicone grease is scribbled between the gap of the copper coin groove and the hot side heat condensation end.
- 6. the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag according to claim 3, its feature It is：The thermo-electric generation sheet that the upper surface of the copper coin B is set is connected in series, and forms thermo-electric generation unit, the temperature in each face Poor generator unit is in parallel, forms an overall thermoelectric conversion device.
- 7. the marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag according to claim 3, its feature It is：The hot side heat same level direction set on the rear side copper coin and front side copper coin is set in α angles, 30 °≤α≤150 °.The cool side heat pipes same level direction set on the rear side copper coin and front side copper coin is set in β angles, 30 °≤β≤150 °.
- 8. a kind of ship of heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag using described in the claims 1-7 any one claims gives up The electricity-generating method of gas generation device through temperature difference of waste heat.
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| CN201710952230.1A CN107612425A (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag |
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| CN201710952230.1A CN107612425A (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | The marine exhaust generation device through temperature difference of waste heat and electricity-generating method of the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of multi-stag |
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| CN109474204A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-15 | 江苏大学 | A kind of automobile exhaust temperature difference electricity generation device using the heat pipe intensified heat exchange of liquid-sucking core |
| CN113098324A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-07-09 | 南京依维柯汽车有限公司 | Heat pipe heat exchange type water-cooling automobile exhaust power generation device |
| CN113300634A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-24 | 江苏大学 | Two-stage thermoelectric power generation waste heat recovery device based on heat pipe heat transfer |
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