CN107611577A - A kind of micro-strip array antenna based on 77GHz millimetre-wave radars - Google Patents
A kind of micro-strip array antenna based on 77GHz millimetre-wave radars Download PDFInfo
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- CN107611577A CN107611577A CN201710794061.3A CN201710794061A CN107611577A CN 107611577 A CN107611577 A CN 107611577A CN 201710794061 A CN201710794061 A CN 201710794061A CN 107611577 A CN107611577 A CN 107611577A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of micro-strip array antenna based on 77GHz millimetre-wave radars, including：Medium substrate and more antennas being arranged on medium substrate, the every antenna is made up of multiple antenna patches and feeder line, each antenna patch of every antenna is arranged in line and interconnected by the feeder line, it is arranged to parallel to each other between each antenna, the more antennas include more transmitting antennas and Duo Gen reception antennas, it is arranged to equidistant between adjacent transmission antenna, it is arranged to equidistant between adjacent reception antenna, to form equidistant series feed network, wherein, the width of multiple antenna patches of the every antenna is gradual change.The solution of the present invention has the advantages of high stability, miniaturization and low cost, high accuracy, high response speed and high-resolution can be reached simultaneously, it is possible to achieve for middle distance and the low cost of long-range detection, small size, high performance millimetre-wave radar system schema.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna, more particularly to a kind of micro-strip array antenna based on 77GHz millimetre-wave radars.
Background technology
Millimetre-wave radar is widely used in traffic detection field at present, and wherein 77GHz millimetre-wave radars are either
Still there is very big advantage on detection accuracy and detection range in volume, this is due to 77GHz radar microstrip antenna
Easily narrow beam and high-gain are realized under less antenna volume.Because these characteristics, the millimetre-wave radar based on 77GHz
By as the standard configuration of active safety.At present, it is known that ripe 77GHz millimetre-wave radar schemes be all from foreign countries supply
Business, the domestic either research of colleges and universities or supplier to this respect are less.In terms of 77GHz millimetre-wave radar Antenna Designs,
Ripe scheme is also all from the design of radar chip of the international vendor based on grace intelligence Pu/Infineon/STMicw Electronics.At present
Domestic associated companies and universities and colleges are also less for the Antenna Design of 77GHz millimetre-wave radars, mainly have following related special
Profit：
1st, " the 77GHz trailer-mounted radars microstrip antenna that a kind of big spacing is structured the formation " (Patent No. ZL201520832615.0),
It is proposed the 77GHz trailer-mounted radar microstrip antennas that a kind of big spacing is structured the formation.
2nd, " a kind of 77GHz millimeter-wave automotives anticollision radar antenna " (Patent No. ZL 201110175648.9), introduce
It is a kind of by the way of antenna is combined with lens, by lens support plate, microwave circuit support plate, multiple di-lenses, 1 transmitting day
Line, multiple reception antennas and wireless RF transceiver control module are formed, and wireless RF transceiver control module is integrated with emission control module and connect
Control module is received, the wherein quantity of di-lens is equal to the quantity sum of transmitting antenna and reception antenna.
3rd, " microwave and millimeter wave automobile and indoor communications antenna " (Patent No. ZL200920039530.1), describes one kind
For the car antenna of microwave and millimeter wave frequency range, using two-sided individual layer PCB technology, metallized using upper and lower metal surface and side
Via-hole array realizes the closing to electromagnetic wave, and in opening surface realizes effective leaky wave radiation.
4th, " millimeter-wave quasi-optical integrated dielectric lens antenna and its array " (patent No. ZL200820163086.X) is proposed
Antivibration, dust-proof strong, the antenna structure sensed suitable for the transmitting-receiving of millimeter wave aircraft, automobile ship radar and communication equipment, by micro-strip
Antenna integrated, di-lens, object lens, array pedestal, speculum, protective cover, wave beam change-over switch are formed, the cylinder of di-lens
Body portion length can change, aerial array range linear array or face battle array.
Its wavelength of 77GHz radar is smaller, electromagnetic radiation solenoid circuit processing technology and essence caused by its electromagnetic wave
Degree has a very high level.By taking antenna as an example, using micro-strip array antenna, it needs to be directly printed on microwave printed board
Surface, due to high frequency and minimum wavelength so that the deviation of any one parameter among design, the index of introducing become
Change the benefit than 24GHz to become apparent.Printed board to connect electric field number dielectric constant, sheet material physical size, printing limit for width etc. any
It one parameter, can all cause one of signal transmission characteristicses to change, cause the decline of power, one deviation of antenna direction degree, with
An and deterioration of the index parameters such as decline of ERP.Meanwhile higher frequency is higher to design requirement, high
Frequency range need the various effects that the parameter slight change for more fully taking into account each device is brought.
As noted above scheme, first patent formula do not account for bulk factor, are employed in designing antenna big
The 12*12 of 144 antenna element compositions of spacing square array, can have large effect to the volume of overall pcb board；Second
The Antenna Design mechanism of patent formula is complicated, and volume is larger, is not easy to be commercialized；The Antenna Design that 3rd patent is previously mentioned
Scheme is difficult to big transmission power, while the realization of plated-through hole array is more difficult；And the scheme that last patent is mentioned
The specific implementation link that dielectric lens antenna and array are realized is given, but in specific some working frequency range such as 77GHz conditions
Under realization do not disclose particular content.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that present invention is based on above-mentioned prior art, the 77GHz millimetre-wave radars (AR1243) based on Texas Instrument
Physical characteristic, it is proposed that one kind has the advantages of high stability, miniaturization and low cost, while reaches high accuracy, high response speed
Degree and high-resolution micro-strip array antenna, to realize for middle distance and the low cost of long-range detection, small size, high-performance
Millimetre-wave radar system schema.
A kind of micro-strip array antenna based on 77GHz millimetre-wave radars of the present invention, including：Medium substrate and it is arranged on
More antennas of medium substrate surface, the every antenna are made up of multiple bays, each bay row of every antenna
Arrange in line and interconnected by feeder line, be arranged to parallel to each other between each antenna, the more antennas include more
Transmitting antenna and Duo Gen reception antennas, it is arranged to equidistant between adjacent transmission antenna, is arranged between adjacent reception antenna
Distance, to form equidistant series feed network, wherein, the width of multiple bays of the every antenna is gradual change.
Preferably, the medium substrate uses model Rogers4835 substrate.
Preferably, the bay is that copper product paster is antenna patch, and thickness is 15.3~18.7um.
Preferably, the number of the more antennas is 7, wherein the transmitting antenna is 3, the reception antenna is 4
Root, the bay of the every antenna is 14.
Preferably, the spacing d of the adjacent reception antenna1For 2.25~2.75mm, the spacing d of the adjacent transmission antenna3
=4*d1For 9~11mm, the distance between the reception antenna and transmitting antenna d2=4.5~5.5mm.
Preferably, the implication of the parameters of every antenna is as follows：L represents the length of each antenna patch of every antenna, W
(W10~W71) width of each antenna patch is represented, the width of each antenna patch is gradual change, and W_50 represents 50 ohm microstrips
Width, W_mat represent the width of a quarter impedance orchestration, and W_fed represents the width of feeder line, l (l1~l14) represent each feeder line
Length, l15The length of a quarter impedance matching box is represented, l_50 represents the length of 50 ohm microstrips.
Preferably, the center spacing base of the adjacent antenna array element of the every antenna ensure wave beam master penetrate direction do not deflect,
More low-sidelobe level and more high-gain, the scope of the antenna patch L is 0.89~1.09mm.
Preferably, the width of each antenna patch of the every antenna carries out adjusting ginseng optimization by full-wave simulation software HFSS
And determine.
Preferably, transmitting antenna and the reception antenna cabling phase bar such as there are identical feeder line track lengths to ensure
Part.
Preferably, the back side of the medium substrate is additionally provided with the earth plate of conduction.
The present invention has the advantages that：Technical scheme has high stability, miniaturization and low cost
Advantage, while high accuracy, high response speed and high-resolution can be reached, it is possible to achieve for middle distance and long-range detection
Low cost, small size, high performance millimetre-wave radar system schema.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the micro-strip array antenna of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the parameter schematic diagram of any one antenna of the micro-strip array antenna of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, and its purpose is only that the research for more fully understanding the present invention
The protection domain that content is not intended to limit the present invention.
It is the structural representation of the micro-strip array antenna of one embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 2 is that the present invention one is implemented
The parameter schematic diagram of any one antenna of the micro-strip array antenna of example.Below with reference to Fig. 1 and 2, the micro- of the present invention is described in detail
Structure with array antenna.
The micro-strip array antenna of one embodiment of the invention, including：Medium substrate 1 and it is arranged on the more of medium substrate surface
Root antenna 2.The back side of medium substrate 1 is additionally provided with the earth plate (not shown) of conduction.Preferably, medium substrate 1 uses model
For Rogers4835 medium substrate.Recommend according to CST (Computer Simulation Technology), preferably Rogers
The dielectric constant design load of 4835 substrates is 3.66, and manufacture value is 3.48, the@9.4GHz of loss angle tangent 0.0037.More antennas 2
It is connected by feeder line cabling 6 with chip 5.
Every antenna 2 is made up of multiple bays 3, and each bay 3 of every antenna is arranged in line and passed through
Feeder line 4 interconnects, and is arranged to parallel to each other between each antenna 2.Preferably, bay 3 uses copper product paster (antenna
Paster), thickness range is 15.3~18.7um.
More antennas 2 include more transmitting antennas and Duo Gen reception antennas.In the present invention, the number of more antennas 2 is 7
Root, wherein the transmitting antenna is 3, the reception antenna is 4.From top to bottom successively labeled as Rx1, Rx2, Rx3, Rx4,
Tx1、Tx2、Tx3.According to the requirement of the degree of E faces 3dB beam angles (HPBW) 8 to 9 and high-gain, the antenna array of the every antenna
Member is that the number of antenna patch is defined as 14.It is arranged to equidistant between adjacent transmission antenna, is set between adjacent reception antenna
Be set to it is equidistant, to form equidistant series feed network.Specifically, each distance is carried out as follows setting：The adjacent reception antenna
Spacing d1For 2.25~2.75mm, about 0.64 air wavelength (λ0), Rx4 and Tx1 spacing d2For 4.5~5.5mm, then
According to the requirement of back-end algorithm, make the spacing d of adjacent transmission antenna3=4*d1=9~11mm.
The OC size of the adjacent antenna array element 3 of the every antenna 2 needs to finely tune in simulations, to ensure ripple
Beam master penetrate direction do not deflect, more low-sidelobe level and more high-gain.In the present embodiment, the center spacing of adjacent antenna array element 3 is
2.1mm, it is ensured that each antenna patch in-phase conditions, to ensure that master penetrates direction in Z-direction.
In the present invention, in order to realize the requirement in E faces Sidelobe, 14 days are used as using dongle husband-Chebyshev's distribution
The current amplitude of linear array member, and can be with control electric current amplitude ratio by the gradual change of microband paste (antenna patch) width than initial value.
Design initial stage, the width that can be approximately considered microband paste are proportional to current amplitude ratio, carry out initial designs.Among first determining
Microband paste width, other patch widths are then determined according to current amplitude ratio.However, changing the same of array element patch width
When, the directional diagram of array element also changes therewith, and current amplitude also changes therewith, and adjacent paster can be also mutually coupled,
Change mutual current amplitude and phase, therefore actually patch width and current amplitude be not than having good linear relationship.
The present invention carries out adjusting ginseng optimization in full-wave simulation software HFSS, so that it is determined that optimal antenna parameter.That is, pass through to
The parameter such as the size of simulation software input medium substrate and power, it is possible to obtain the design parameter of antenna, including antenna patch
Length of feeder line between the length of piece, the width of antenna patch, each antenna patch etc..Wherein, with the change of patch width,
The feed line length of connection microband paste is also required to finely tune, so as to ensure to realize it is main penetrate direction perpendicular to antenna medium plate direction and
The requirement of Sidelobe.It is illustrated in figure 2 the structure of any one antenna of the present invention.Wherein, the implication of the parameters of antenna
It is as follows：L represents the length of each antenna patch of every antenna, W (W10~W71) represent the width of each antenna patch, each antenna patch
The width of piece is gradual change.W_50 represents the width of 50 ohm microstrips, and W_mat represents the width of a quarter impedance orchestration,
W_fed represents the width of feeder line, l (l1~l14) represent the length of each feeder line, l15The length of a quarter impedance matching box is represented,
L_50 represents the length of 50 ohm microstrips.
The design parameter scope of antenna refers to table 1.The parameter of every antenna is the same, identical antenna composition array.
Table 1
The design parameter of the antenna of the specific embodiment of the present invention refers to table 2.
Table 2
The micro-strip array antenna that three hairs four of the present invention are received, by rationally designing feeder line cabling, makes 3 transmitting antennas and 4
Piece-root grafting, which receives antenna cabling, has equal length, realizes that strict physical is isometric.By setting isometric feeder line cabling, it is ensured that each
The loss of aerial signal transmitting-receiving is identical.
By carrying out emulation testing to the micro-strip array antenna of the present invention, the effect of antenna of the invention can reach expected
Technique effect.It is specifically described below.
Emulation testing on antenna standing wave (S11) is carried out to micro-strip array antenna of the invention, simulation result shows, day
Line | S11|<- 10dB standing wave bandwidth is respectively：
(1)Rx1:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
(2)Rx2:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
(3)Rx3:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
(4)Rx4:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
(5)Tx1:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
(6)Tx2:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
(7)Tx3:2.3GHz (75.3~77.6GHz)
Above-mentioned data illustrate to work in these frequency ranges, and the reflectance factor of antenna is small, and impedance operator is good, can normal work
Make.
Emulation testing on sidelobe level (SLL) is carried out to micro-strip array antenna of the invention, simulation result shows,
In 76-77GHz frequency ranges, the SLL of all antennas is not more than -16.0dB.This numbers illustrated at an undesired direction occurs
Radiation lobe level value size.SLL is bigger, at an undesired direction, can receive larger level, reduce noise
Than introducing interference.
Emulation testing of the micro-strip array antenna progress on gain (Gain) to the present invention, simulation result shows, in 76-
In 77GHz frequency ranges, antenna Rx2, Rx3 gain are more than 16.0dBi, and antenna Rx1, Rx4, Tx1, Tx2, Tx3 gain are more than
16.5dBi.The gain of this numbers illustrated is higher.Gain is bigger, and the distance of detection is more remote, and signal to noise ratio is higher.
Emulation testing of the micro-strip array antenna progress on 3dB beam angles (HPBW) to the present invention, simulation result table
Bright, in 76-77GHz frequency ranges, 7 antenna E faces 3dB beam angles are not more than 7.5 °.This numbers illustrated wave beam is narrower, can
Radiated so that energy is concentrated on main direction of penetrating.Vertical beamwidth is narrower, and main beam can be avoided to sweep to the high object of comparison,
The interference for introducing deviate the main object for penetrating direction on the vertical plane, such as billboard, road caution board etc. can be reduced.
Emulation testing of the micro-strip array antenna progress on transceiver insulation (Isolation) to the present invention, simulation result
Show, in 76-77GHz frequency ranges, the isolation between closest dual-mode antenna Rx4 and Tx1 is more than 40dB.Isolation from
The mutual coupling and interference between antenna are illustrated on one side, and isolation is bigger, and mutual coupling is smaller, smaller to the performance impact of antenna.
The micro-strip array antenna of the present invention surveyed on the emulation of the isolation of (Isolation) between transmitting antenna
Examination, simulation result shows, in 76-77GHz frequency ranges, Tx2 and adjacent transmitting antenna isolation are more than 60dB, Tx1 and Tx3
The isolation of antenna is more than 85dB.Isolation is from the mutual coupling and interference that illustrate on one side between antenna, and isolation is bigger, mutually
Coupling is smaller, smaller to the performance impact of antenna.
The micro-strip array antenna of the present invention surveyed on the emulation of the isolation (Isolation) between reception antenna
Examination, simulation result shows, in 76-77GHz frequency ranges, reception antenna Rx2 and Rx4 adjacent thereto Rx3 isolation are more than
25dB, Rx3 and Rx1 isolation are more than 40dB.Isolation is isolated from the mutual coupling and interference illustrated on one side between antenna
Degree is bigger, and mutual coupling is smaller, smaller to the performance impact of antenna.
In addition, simulation result is shown, in 76-77GHz frequency ranges, the E surface radiations directional diagram of each antenna is stable, wherein most
Big minor level appears in theta=-18 °.In 76-77GHz frequency ranges, the H surface radiations directional diagram of each antenna is stable, its
3dB beam angles are about 70 °.
Obviously, those of ordinary skill in the art is it should be appreciated that the embodiment of the above is intended merely to explanation originally
Invention, and be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as in the spirit of the present invention, to embodiment described above
Change, modification will all fall in claims of the present invention scope.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. micro-strip array antenna based on 77GHz millimetre-wave radars, it is characterised in that including：Medium substrate and setting In more antennas of medium substrate surface, the every antenna is made up of multiple bays, each bay of every antenna Arrange in line and interconnected by feeder line, be arranged to parallel to each other between each antenna,The more antennas include more transmitting antennas and Duo Gen reception antennas, are arranged to equidistant between adjacent transmission antenna, It is arranged to equidistant between adjacent reception antenna, to form equidistant series feed network,Wherein, the width of multiple bays of the every antenna is gradual change.
- 2. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the medium substrate uses model Rogers4835 substrate.
- 3. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bay is that copper product paster is day Line paster, thickness are 15.3~18.7um.
- 4. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the number of the more antennas is 7, wherein The transmitting antenna is 3, and the reception antenna is 4, and the bay of the every antenna is 14.
- 5. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spacing d of the adjacent reception antenna1For 2.25~2.75mm, the spacing d of the adjacent transmission antenna3=4*d1For 9~11mm, the reception antenna and transmitting antenna it Between distance d2=4.5~5.5mm.
- 6. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the implication of the parameters of every antenna is such as Under：L represents the length of each antenna patch of every antenna, W (W10~W71) represent the width of each antenna patch, each antenna patch Width be gradual change, W_50 represent the width of 50 ohm microstrips, and W_mat represents the width of a quarter impedance orchestration, W_ Fed represents the width of feeder line, l (l1~l14) represent the length of each feeder line, l15Represent the length of a quarter impedance matching box, l_ 50 represent the length of 50 ohm microstrips.
- 7. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the adjacent antenna array element of the every antenna Center spacing base ensures that wave beam master penetrates that direction does not deflect, more low-sidelobe level and more high-gain, the scope of the antenna patch L are 0.89~1.09mm.
- 8. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the width of each antenna patch of the every antenna Degree carries out adjusting ginseng optimization to determine by full-wave simulation software HFSS.
- 9. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that transmitting antenna and reception antenna the cabling tool The phase condition such as there are identical feeder line track lengths to ensure.
- 10. micro-strip array antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the back side of the medium substrate is additionally provided with Conductive earth plate.
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| CN108196255A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-06-22 | 加特兰微电子科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used millimetre-wave radar system |
| CN108470090A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-31 | 东南大学 | The accurate uniformly series feed microstrip antenna Parameters design of array element spacing millimeter wave low-sidelobe level |
| CN109143243A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-04 | 河北锋彩科技有限公司 | A kind of 77GHz vehicle anti-collision radar aerial array applied to medium and long distance detection |
| CN109193146A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of micro-strip millimeter wave antenna |
| CN109267891A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-01-25 | 昆山赛诺泰克工业科技有限公司 | Electric tail gate control system and control method based on millimeter wave |
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| CN108470090A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-31 | 东南大学 | The accurate uniformly series feed microstrip antenna Parameters design of array element spacing millimeter wave low-sidelobe level |
| CN108470090B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2022-04-12 | 东南大学 | Quasi-uniform array element spacing millimeter wave low side lobe level series feed microstrip antenna parameter design method |
| CN108196255A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-06-22 | 加特兰微电子科技(上海)有限公司 | A kind of automobile-used millimetre-wave radar system |
| US11189913B2 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2021-11-30 | Mobile Drive Netherlands B.V. | Antenna structure for extended distance radar function and electronic device using the same |
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| CN109193146A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-01-11 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of micro-strip millimeter wave antenna |
| CN109143243A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-04 | 河北锋彩科技有限公司 | A kind of 77GHz vehicle anti-collision radar aerial array applied to medium and long distance detection |
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