CN107611411A - A kind of preparation method and application of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and application of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional Download PDFInfo
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- CN107611411A CN107611411A CN201710935706.0A CN201710935706A CN107611411A CN 107611411 A CN107611411 A CN 107611411A CN 201710935706 A CN201710935706 A CN 201710935706A CN 107611411 A CN107611411 A CN 107611411A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method and application of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional; this method is mixed organic metal framework with nano-silicon and polyacrylonitrile using high pressure spray method; after the roasting carbonization of protective atmosphere high temperature; the metal oxide in organic metal framework is removed with hydrochloric acid, by washing, dries i.e. obtained three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite（3D NPC@Si）.This method provides very big feasibility for synthesizing the lithium ion battery negative material of controllable component, structure-controllable, high specific surface area and good structural stability.This method is simple and easy, and cost is cheap, and prepared composite has higher specific surface area, good electronic conductivity and preferable structural stability.Fabulous chemical property is showed in lithium ion battery negative material, there is good prospects for commercial application.
Description
Technical field
A kind of preparation method and application of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional.
Background technology
With new-energy automobile, the continuous improvement to course continuation mileage requirement, current material system are obvious in actual applications
Current demand can not be met, it is extremely urgent to research and develop novel high-energy high performance material.It is continuous with lithium ion battery technology
Development, the development of high specific energy lithium ion battery have become one trend that can not stop.In order to improve lithium ion battery
Than energy, it is necessary to set about carrying out in terms of lithium ion battery structure design and new material exploitation two, battery structure design is upper main
It is the weight for mitigating the inert matters such as structural member, aluminium foil, copper foil, and then increases the relative proportion of active material.New material is opened
Originating party face is mainly the higher positive and negative pole material of development capacity, and the positive electrode that voltage is higher, improve battery capacity and
Voltage reaches the purpose for improving battery energy density.
At present, the developing way of negative material is mainly the capacity for improving material, in high power capacity negative pole materials numerous at present
In material, silicium cathode material relies on its abundant resource reserve, and cheap price obtains extensive concern and research, is of future generation
The strong competitor of high specific energy lithium ion battery negative material.But there is also serious volumetric expansion to ask for silicium cathode material
Topic, under complete embedding lithium state, up to 300%, this not only results in silicium cathode Particle Breakage, can also for the volumetric expansion of silicium cathode
The conductive network and binding agent network of electrode are destroyed, causes active material to fail, so as to have a strong impact on the circulation of silicium cathode material
Stability.The thinking for solving the problems, such as silicon materials volumetric expansion mainly has three：1) nanosizing, by preparing nano-silicon, silicon is suppressed
Volume Changes in charge and discharge process；2) silicon materials of special appearance, such as cellular material are prepared, utilizes silicon materials itself
Deformation absorb charge and discharge process in Volume Changes；3) silicon/carbon composite, it is compound with carbon material by silicon, utilize carbon material
Volume Changes of the silicon materials in cyclic process are buffered, to improve the cycle performance of silicon materials.
The present invention is for the problem of existing, there is provided a kind of preparation side of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional
Method and application, and the composite is used for negative electrode of lithium ion battery, the composite material exhibits go out excellent long circulating stability.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at, there is provided the preparation method of a kind of classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional and should
With.This method is mixed organic metal framework with nano-silicon and polyacrylonitrile using high pressure spray method, high in protective atmosphere
After warm roasting carbonization, the metal oxide in organic metal framework is removed with hydrochloric acid, by washing, dries i.e. obtained three-dimensional classification
Porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite.Component is controllable for synthesis for this method, structure-controllable, high specific surface area and good
The lithium ion battery negative material of structural stability provide very big feasibility.This method is simple and easy, and cost is cheap, institute
The composite of preparation has higher specific surface area, good electronic conductivity and preferable structural stability.Lithium from
Fabulous chemical property is showed in sub- cell negative electrode material, there is good prospects for commercial application.
A kind of preparation method of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional of the present invention, is followed these steps
Carry out：
A, the preparation of organic metal framework compound：Methanol solution 50mls of the 1.07g containing zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added to
In the methanol solution 50ml of the 2-methylimidazole containing 2.357g, 24h is stirred vigorously in room temperature, centrifuges, is washed 3 times with methanol solution,
Temperature 60 C is dried in vacuo；
B, the 0.2g organic metal framework compounds for preparing step a, 0.3g nano-silicons are dispersed in 4ml N, N- dimethyl
In formamide solvent, ultrasonic 15min, 0.2g polyacrylonitrile is added, 12h is stirred at room temperature, be then transferred into high pressure spray device
Middle progress high pressure painting sputtering, obtains mixture；
C, the mixture for obtaining step b 350 DEG C of roasting 3h of temperature in nitrogen atmosphere, then 1h is calcined at 800 DEG C, use 2M
Hydrochloric acid removes the metal oxide in organic metal framework；
D, the product for obtaining step c washs drying, produces three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite.
The a diameter of 40-100nm of organic metal framework compound particle in step a.
The three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite that methods described obtains is in negative electrode of lithium ion battery is prepared
Purposes.
A kind of Preparation method and use of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional of the present invention, high pressure
Sputtering method mixes organic metal framework with nano-silicon and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), after the roasting carbonization of protective atmosphere high temperature,
The metal oxide in organic metal framework is removed with hydrochloric acid, by washing, dries and can be prepared by three-dimensional classifying porous N doping
Carbon bag silicon composite.The characteristics of this method is：Without other unnecessary materials as template, you can prepare three-dimensional classification N doping
Porous silicon/carbosphere composite, carbon preferably forms clad in silicon face in the composite, meanwhile, organic metal frame
After frame is carbonized with salt acid elution, make composite that there is loose structure.The composite is prepared into electrode, for lithium-ion electric
Pond negative pole.Reactant feed used is the conventional raw material of industry, facilitates, is easy to get, be inexpensive.
The good silicon of pattern/carbosphere composite can be not only obtained by this method, is shown more excellent than business silicon
Different cyclical stability, the effect of buffer volumes expansion, and process conditions are simple, are convenient for scale continuous production.
Compared with existing technique, the method for the invention has obvious different：
1. the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of one kind that method of the present invention obtains, no matter in length
Higher level is reached in stable circulation, specific capacity and high rate charge-discharge ability；
2. preparing three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite, carbon is preferably in silicon face shape in the composite
Into clad, meanwhile, after organic metal framework is carbonized with salt acid elution, make composite that there is loose structure；
3. preparing three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite, the composite is prepared into electrode, for lithium
Ion battery negative pole；
4. the raw material used in the method for the invention is the conventional industrial goods being easy to get.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that (a), (b) of the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1 are swept
Retouch electron microscope；
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite phenogram prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1, wherein
(a) it is the N of the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite and business Si that are prepared in embodiment 22Adsorption desorption figure,
(b) it is the X-ray electronics spectrogram of the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite phenogram of the present invention, wherein (a) is in embodiment 1
The cyclic voltammogram of the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of preparation, the electricity of (b) under 500mA/g current densities
Pressure-capacity curve figure；
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite phenogram of the present invention, wherein (a) is the He of embodiment 1
The charge-discharge magnification performance map of the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite prepared in embodiment 2, (b) are embodiment
1 and embodiment 2 in the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite and business Si that prepare, it is close in 500mA/g electric currents
Cycle performance comparison diagram under degree；
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite phenogram of the present invention, wherein (a) is the He of embodiment 1
AC impedance curve map before the circulation of the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite prepared in embodiment 2, (b) are to follow
AC impedance curve map after ring 10 encloses；
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite prepared in the embodiment of the present invention 1 in 2000mA/g
Long circulating performance map under current density.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1
It is prepared by three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon microballoon：
A, the preparation of organic metal framework compound：The methanol solution 50ml of the zinc nitrate hexahydrate containing 1.07g is added to
In the methanol solution 50ml of the 2-methylimidazole containing 2.357g, 24h is stirred vigorously in room temperature, centrifuges, is washed 3 times with methanol solution,
Temperature 60 C is dried；
B, 0.2g organic metal frameworks compound prepared by step a, 0.3g nano-silicons are dispersed in 4ml N, N- dimethyl
In formamide solvent, ultrasonic 15min, 0.2g polyacrylonitrile is added, 12h is stirred at room temperature, be then transferred into high pressure spray device
Middle spraying sputtering, obtains mixture；
C, the mixture for obtaining step b 350 DEG C of roasting 3h of temperature in nitrogen atmosphere, then 1h is calcined at 800 DEG C, use 2M
Hydrochloric acid removes the metal oxide in organic metal framework；
D, the product for obtaining step c washs drying, produces three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite；
The a diameter of 80nm of organic metal framework compound particle in step a.
Embodiment 2
Three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite is prepared (sample as a comparison)：
A, 0.3g nano-silicons are dispersed in 4ml DMF solvents, ultrasonic 15min, add 0.2g and gather
Acrylonitrile, 12h is stirred at room temperature, is then transferred into high pressure spray device and sprays sputtering, obtain mixture；
B, the mixture for obtaining step a 350 DEG C of roasting 3h of temperature in nitrogen atmosphere, then in 800 DEG C of roasting 1h of temperature；
C, the product for obtaining step b washs drying, produces three-dimensional nitrogen doped silicon/carbon composite.
Embodiment 3
Electrochemical property test：
Three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen doped silicon/carbon dust that 60mg the method for the invention obtains is weighed as active material,
, by the use of deionized water as adjusting slurry, it is well mixed acetylene black as conductive agent, sodium alginate, and uniformly apply as binding agent
Overlay on copper foil, at 80 DEG C of temperature after vacuum drying treatment 12h, pole piece is cut into a diameter of 10mm sequin, active material
Load capacity be 0.6-1.0mg/cm2, electrolyte is 1M LiPF6Solution is in volume ratio 1:1 ethylene carbonate and carbonic acid diformazan
In the mixed solution of ester, 5wt% vinylene carbonate is added, metal lithium sheet is used as to electrode, the conducts of Celgard 2400
Barrier film, in the glove box full of argon gas, by the pole piece device of preparation in CR2025- type half-cells, after installing, stand
12h, electrochemical property test is carried out to prepared electrode, test voltage scope is 0.01-1.5V, and cyclic voltammogram is referring to figure
3(a)；Voltage-capacity curve map is referring to Fig. 3 (b)；Charge-discharge magnification performance map is referring to Fig. 4 (a)；Cycle performance comparison diagram referring to
Fig. 4 (b)；Cycle performance figure is referring to Fig. 4 (c)；AC impedance curve map is referring to Fig. 5 (a) before circulation；AC impedance after circulation is bent
Line chart is referring to Fig. 5 (b)；Long circulating performance is referring to Fig. 6.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. preparation method of the classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite of three-dimensional, it is characterised in that follow these steps into OK：A, the preparation of organic metal framework compound：Methanol solution 50 mls of 1.07 g containing zinc nitrate hexahydrate is added to and contained In the ml of methanol solution 50 of 2.357 g 2-methylimidazoles, 24 h are stirred vigorously in room temperature, centrifuges, 3 is washed with methanol solution It is secondary, temperature 60 C vacuum drying；B, the 0.2 g organic metal framework compounds for preparing step a, 0.3 g nano-silicons are dispersed in 4 ml N, N- dimethyl methyls In amide solvent, 15 min of ultrasound, 0.2 g polyacrylonitrile is added, 12 h are stirred at room temperature, is then transferred into high pressure spray device Middle progress high pressure painting sputtering, obtains mixture；C, the mixture for obtaining step b 350 DEG C of 3 h of roasting of temperature in nitrogen atmosphere, then 1 h is calcined at 800 DEG C, with 2 M hydrochloric acid removes the metal oxide in organic metal framework；D, the product for obtaining step c washs drying, produces three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite.
- 2. the preparation method of three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that The a diameter of 40-100 nm of organic metal framework compound particle in step a.
- 3. the three-dimensional classifying porous nitrogen-doped carbon bag silicon composite that method obtains according to claim 1 is preparing lithium ion Purposes in GND.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN108649197A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-10-12 | 光宇材料股份有限公司 | Nitrogen-doped carbon-silicon composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108666559A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-10-16 | 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 | The carbon-coated NCA positive electrodes of N doping and lithium ion battery and preparation method |
| CN108832110A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-16 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of compound ZIF-8 negative electrode material of height ratio capacity bismuth nanoparticle and its preparation method and application |
| CN110867572A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-06 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of double-layer carbon-coated silicon composite material |
| CN110911666A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-24 | 合肥学院 | Method for synthesizing nitrogen-containing carbon-coated titanium niobate material for negative electrode of lithium battery |
| CN111403699A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-10 | 吉林师范大学 | Carbon nanotube-containing carbon shell-coated silicon negative electrode material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023116021A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Silicon-carbon material as well as preparation method therefor and application thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108400293A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-14 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of nitrogen-doped carbon cladding silicon nano material and its preparation method and application |
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| CN108832110A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-11-16 | 华南师范大学 | A kind of compound ZIF-8 negative electrode material of height ratio capacity bismuth nanoparticle and its preparation method and application |
| CN108666559A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-10-16 | 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 | The carbon-coated NCA positive electrodes of N doping and lithium ion battery and preparation method |
| CN110867572A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-06 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of double-layer carbon-coated silicon composite material |
| CN110911666A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-24 | 合肥学院 | Method for synthesizing nitrogen-containing carbon-coated titanium niobate material for negative electrode of lithium battery |
| CN111403699A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-07-10 | 吉林师范大学 | Carbon nanotube-containing carbon shell-coated silicon negative electrode material and preparation method thereof |
| WO2023116021A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Silicon-carbon material as well as preparation method therefor and application thereof |
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