CN107610233A - A kind of simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene - Google Patents
A kind of simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene Download PDFInfo
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- CN107610233A CN107610233A CN201710877567.0A CN201710877567A CN107610233A CN 107610233 A CN107610233 A CN 107610233A CN 201710877567 A CN201710877567 A CN 201710877567A CN 107610233 A CN107610233 A CN 107610233A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene, the technical program is used in 3DMAX and Sketchup after modeling, it is directed into Unity3D platforms, the realization of landform, earth's surface, sky, light, road, vegetation is completed using Unity3D platforms, ultimately generates the simulating scenes based on outdoor scene.It is high to real scene reduction degree.All made due to taking real terrain, trees, road, the device model imported, BUILDINGS MODELS in strict accordance with real ratio so that simulating scenes are higher to the reduction degree of outdoor scene.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene.
Background technology
Current market main flow simulating scenes displaying built using 3DMAX/Sketchup, for client provide 2D render figure with
3D rendering animations.Following shortcoming is primarily present at present：1st, prior art is to sky present in outdoor scene, lawn, trees, water
The irregularly shaped objects such as face, it is in scene display to be rejected because its model face number is big more, cause the simulating scenes sense of reality not strong；2、
Prior art can provide the scene rendering figure of high quality, but be limited by software, and client can only check the scene of predetermined angle, and
Independently, immersively it can not roam in the scene；3rd, prior art to outdoor scene landform support it is bad, structure one with
The simulating scenes of real world 1: 1, ratio, putting position and the height, trees, lawn etc. of building are set, and all need high-resolution
The landform support of rate；4. prior art lacks the optimization to scene, resources occupation rate is high in actual moving process.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is in view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, there is provided a kind of image quality is good, resource occupation
It is controllable, and realize the simulating scenes construction method of autonomous roaming function in the scene.
The present invention solve its technical problem technical scheme be：A kind of simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene, step
It is as follows：
The first step, model is created in 3DMAX and Sketchup, the model built up is imported in Unity3D platforms；
Second step, build landform earth's surface and plant model：
Method one：Determine to need the coordinate for emulating the summit of place four first, it is using coordinate that the ASTGTM of location is high
Journey figure produces place elevation map, and place elevation map is generated into RAW form topographic maps, the then life in Unity3D by RAW topographic maps
Into grid Mesh, the high-precision place landform of generation is finally rendered；
Method two：Determination needs to emulate the coordinate on four summits of place first, by place location high definition satellite image
Cut, spliced, generate place satellite image map, finally render the high-precision place landform of generation；
In the high-precision place landform of above-mentioned structure, trees, flowers and plants are added according to terrain texture；
3rd step, building model is added according to the physical location of the texture of high-precision place landform and building, according to
Actual conditions change the height of building model；
4th step, the demand built according to simulating scenes set light source and shade；
5th step, complete simulating scenes structure.
Preferably, the emulation apex coordinate of place four is determined using " Mercator projection " coordinate system.
Preferably, the light source and shade is set to include setting light source type, light source colour, the intensity of light source and shade class
Type；The light source type includes direction light, spot light, spotlight, area light.
Preferably, the simulating scenes are optimized, specifically included：
Model complexity：By merging grid and adjusting the material of network forming lattice, raising renders frame number；
Level of detail：A fine definition grid and a low definition grid are established, is changed according to view distance and presented
Different details；
Visibility judge：Carry out view frustums rejecting and occlusion culling.
Preferably, each grid has 1500-4000 triangular facet.
Preferably, the material is material of the same race.
The invention discloses a kind of double-column lifter and include its multi-functional maintenance car；It compared with prior art, energy
Realize the real time roaming in simulating scenes；User can be with the parameter such as self-defined viewpoint, setting height, speed, angle, in the scene
Roaming；Due to taking real terrain, trees, road, the device model imported, BUILDINGS MODELS all in strict accordance with real ratio system
Make so that simulating scenes are higher to the reduction degree of outdoor scene；It is preferable to scene optimization, although with the scene of high image quality, but in item
It is controllable in more than 40fbs, resources occupation rate that frame number control is run in mesh.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is certain model radar three-dimensional model front view.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 details displaying figures.
Fig. 3 is that four point coordinates calculate schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is structure landform earth's surface flow sheet.
Fig. 5 is three-dimensional high-definition topographic map.
Fig. 6 is final effect figure.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
The present invention is described in more detail for accompanying drawing.
The technical program uses after modeling, to be directed into Unity3D platforms, utilizes Unity3D in 3DMAX and Sketchup
Platform completes the realization of landform, earth's surface, sky, light, road, vegetation, ultimately generates the simulating scenes based on outdoor scene.
The construction method of analogue system is introduced using certain place in certain space mission real-time visualized emulation system as example.
1st, the modeling of certain model testing equipment
Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 show certain model radar three-dimensional model front view and details displaying figure, according to project radar three-dimensional mould
Type can rotate in horizontal, pitching both direction, need to show antenna details in project demonstration.Required, referred to according to charter
Certain model testing equipment technology atlas, demarcation antenna size, ratio and reference axis.
2nd, the structure of landform earth's surface
Landform base unit in Unity3D is grid Mesh.Grid Mesh shape is true by vertical array Vertices
It is fixed, wherein each summit Vertice is a three-dimensional vector, coordinate (X, Y, Z) of the summit in geocentric coordinate system is indicated,
The summit of more than three simultaneously relies on its composition of relative position in array grid of different shapes.
The technical program uses " Mercator projection " coordinate system.Mercator projection also known as " conic projection of isogonism positive axis ",
The earth is converted into square-shaped planar, and ensures that warp (thing), parallel (north and south) are all parallel lines, and be mutually perpendicular to.
As shown in figure 3, place is a square in Mercator projection plane, if C point coordinates is (Ec, Nc), point-to-point transmission
Longitude and latitude difference is x, then four point coordinates are represented by：
A points：(Ec, Nc+x)
B points：(Ec+ x, Nc+x)
C points：(Ec, Nc)
D points：(Ec+ x, Nc)
The point coordinates of A, B, C, D tetra- drawn using above-mentioned calculation formula.
As shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 5, imported in Global Mapper softwares and DEM numbers are created in this area's ASTGTM elevation maps
According to further according to the topographic map of dem data generation RAW forms., can also be by the satellite of download using the point coordinates of A, B, C, D tetra-
High definition image is cut according to longitude and latitude, spliced, and generates the satellite image map of place.Finally, RAW lattice are imported in Unity
The topographic map and place satellite image map of formula, generate three-dimensional high-definition landform.
The plant models such as trees, flowers and plants can be created in the scene in the form of " brush " in Unity, this builds to place
It is vertical to add great convenience.Trees, meadow are added according to the terrain texture added in previous step.
3rd, building model is added：
What building model must add according to the physical location of ground texture building.Addition with trees, meadow walks
Suddenly different is that building can not be attached to ground automatically, it is necessary to the actual height of each model is changed according to hypsography.
4th, light source and shade are set
Four kinds of light sources are provided in Unity：
Directional light：Direction light, similar to sunshine sunshine effect.
Point light：Spot light, similar candle.
Spotlight：Spotlight, similar flashlight.
Area Light：Area light.
The attribute of setting includes：Type (light source type), Color (light source colour), Instensity (intensity of light source),
Shadow Type (hatching styles).According to project demands, Directional light (direction light) are have selected, and according to reality
Scene setting relevant parameter.
5th, scene optimization
Project is to scene requirement：Equipment high accuracy, details is true to nature, certain visual effect, and in running, scene is actual
Frame number is not less than 30.As requested, processing is optimized from following tripartite in face of scene：
Model complexity：
The technical documentation provided according to Unity, every about one grid of 1500-4000 triangular facet, optimization renders performance
It is most suitable.Improve and render performance, preferably object merging together, each grid is had 1500 or so or more triangle
Face, and a material is only used only in whole grid.After merging grid and adjustment material, rendering frame number has certain lifting.
Level of detail：
Vegetation, rock in scene are static level of detail models.Establish a fine definition grid and a low resolution
Rate grid.Both have identical material.Set viewpoint to change distance, different details are presented according to view distance change.
Visibility judge：
" rejecting " technology can be used in Unity.Occluding technique i.e. so-called make visibility judge, including the cone
Body is rejected and occlusion culling.Unity renders region by camera control.Render region and be also referred to as " view frustums ".Can in work
When opinion property judges, Unity excludes the object outside view frustums first, then, judges an object whether there is and is blocked by other objects.
Finally by view frustums and the object that is not blocked is delivered to GPU and rendered.
It is well balanced that Unity using the key of occlusion culling is that needs obtain between article size and cell size,
After correct setting unit lattice size renders processing, rendering frame number has further lifting.
6th, final effect
Fig. 6 is certain place display renderings in the space mission real-time visualized emulation system in showing.In scene
It is loaded with radar mockup, computer room model, sky model, periphery landform and image data etc..Ratio is all reached from vision and performance
Comparatively ideal effect.
Those of ordinary skills in the art should understand that：The specific embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing is only, and
The limitation present invention is not used in, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc.,
It should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
The first step, model is created in 3DMAX and Sketchup, the model built up is imported in Unity3D platforms；
Second step, build landform earth's surface and plant model：
Method one：Determine to need the coordinate for emulating the summit of place four first, using coordinate by the ASTGTM elevation maps of location
Place elevation map is produced, place elevation map is generated into PAW form topographic maps, PAW topographic maps are then generated into net in Unity3D
Lattice Mesh, finally render the high-precision place landform of generation；
Method two：Determination is needed to emulate the coordinate on four summits of place first, and place location high definition satellite image is carried out
Cutting, splicing, generate place satellite image map, finally render the high-precision place landform of generation；
In the high-precision place landform of above-mentioned structure, trees, flowers and plants are added according to terrain texture；
3rd step, building model is added according to the physical location of the texture of high-precision place landform and building, according to reality
Situation changes the height of building model；
4th step, the demand built according to simulating scenes set light source and shade；
5th step, complete simulating scenes structure.
A kind of 2. simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The emulation place
Four apex coordinates are determined using " Mercator projection " coordinate system.
A kind of 3. simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The light source is set
Include setting light source type, light source colour, the intensity of light source and hatching styles with shade；The light source type includes direction light, point
Light source, spotlight, area light.
A kind of 4. simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：To the emulation field
Scape optimizes, and specifically includes：
Model complexity：By merging grid and adjusting the material of network forming lattice, raising renders frame number；
Level of detail：A fine definition grid and a low definition grid are established, is changed according to view distance and difference is presented
Details；
Visibility judge：Carry out view frustums rejecting and occlusion culling.
A kind of 5. simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：Each grid
There is 1500-4000 triangular facet.
A kind of 6. simulating scenes construction method based on outdoor scene as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The material is same
Kind material.
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| CN110807240A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-02-18 | 江苏电力信息技术有限公司 | OpenGL-based scene interference rapid judgment method for spatial position calculation |
| CN111124119A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 天津大学 | Building model presenting and interacting method based on virtual reality technology |
| CN112685913A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-20 | 上海交通大学 | Infrared decoy bullet efficiency simulation method and system based on Unity |
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| CN110807240B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2023-05-12 | 江苏电力信息技术有限公司 | OpenGL-based scene interference rapid judgment method for space position calculation |
| CN111124119A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 天津大学 | Building model presenting and interacting method based on virtual reality technology |
| CN111124119B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2023-09-05 | 天津大学 | Building model presentation and interaction method based on virtual reality technology |
| CN112685913A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-20 | 上海交通大学 | Infrared decoy bullet efficiency simulation method and system based on Unity |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |