CN107609311A - Gun drilling depth optimization method based on chip removal power model - Google Patents

Gun drilling depth optimization method based on chip removal power model Download PDF

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CN107609311A
CN107609311A CN201710961374.3A CN201710961374A CN107609311A CN 107609311 A CN107609311 A CN 107609311A CN 201710961374 A CN201710961374 A CN 201710961374A CN 107609311 A CN107609311 A CN 107609311A
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chip removal
drilling
drilling depth
model
mrow
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CN107609311B (en
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张定华
韩策
吴宝海
罗明
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of gun drilling depth optimization method based on chip removal power model, the technical problem low for solving existing gun drilling method processing efficiency.Technical scheme is to derive chip removal power model and axial chip removal power, the calculation formula of tangential chip removal power by imfinitesimal method first, and then establishes the quantitative relationship of drill thrust and drilling depth；Then, the model coefficient gone out by shallow bore hole drilling Experimental Calibration under given drill bit and cutting parameter；Finally, with reference to the maximum allowable moment of torsion of drill bit, the drilling depth of model calculation optimization is utilized.The inventive method realizes the purpose for setting reasonable drilling depth according to theoretical model before gun drilling is carried out, solve current drilling depth value and select dependence experience, the problem of being theoretically unsound, ensure not occurring to lift processing efficiency to greatest extent while breaking during gun drilling.

Description

Gun drilling depth optimization method based on chip removal power model
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gun drilling method, more particularly to a kind of gun drilling depth based on chip removal power model is excellent Change method.
Background technology
Document " uses fluted drill deep hole drilling, intermetallic composite coating (cold working) cold working, 2003, Vol (12), p18-19 " disclosures A kind of gun drilling method using multiple withdrawing chip removal, and the connection from drill sharpening, drill bit and drilling rod and drilling speed Setting etc. gives the technological process and parameter preference policy of this method.This method passes through regularly multiple in drilling process Withdrawing, the chip in drilling rod chip area is removed using the souring of cutting fluid during withdrawing.Specific implementation is in numerical control journey A drilling depth value is set in sequence, i.e. cutter lifting makes drill bit exit aperture completely after lower knife drilling to depth every time, then again Drilling next time is carried out with the drilling depth value, the mode circulated from there through drilling is processed, it is intended to avoids gun drilling During because chip block caused by breaking problem.Setting of the document methods described for drilling depth relies on experience, lacks Theoretical foundation, if drilling depth-set value is excessive, chip removal power can be caused excessive and cause breaking；If setting value is too small, move back Often, exponentially type increases total knife rail length in Cycle of drilling deep holes knife, causes processing efficiency to be greatly reduced.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing gun drilling method processing efficiency is low, the present invention provides one kind and is based on chip removal power model Gun drilling depth optimization method.This method derives chip removal power model and axial chip removal power, tangential row by imfinitesimal method first Consider the calculation formula of power to be worth doing, and then establish the quantitative relationship of drill thrust and drilling depth；Then, gone out by shallow bore hole drilling Experimental Calibration Model coefficient under given drill bit and cutting parameter；Finally, with reference to the maximum allowable moment of torsion of drill bit, model calculation optimization is utilized Drilling depth.The inventive method realizes the mesh for setting reasonable drilling depth according to theoretical model before gun drilling is carried out , solve current drilling depth value and select dependence experience, the problem of being theoretically unsound, ensure not send out during gun drilling Processing efficiency is lifted to greatest extent while raw breaking.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems：A kind of gun drilling depth based on chip removal power model Optimization method, it is characterized in comprising the following steps：
Step 1: the motion of chip and stress rule during analysis gun drilling, gun drilling is established using imfinitesimal method Chip removal power model, axial chip removal power and tangential chip removal power formula are derived, establish gun drilling power forecast model：
F (z)=Fc+2a(1-e-bz)
Wherein, FcTo shear force component in drill thrust.Z is drilling depth, and a, b are chip removal force coefficient, are in a model Negative value.
Step 2: given drilling depth value, axial force in drilling process is gathered by shallow bore hole cutting tests of drilling using dynamometer And torque signal, obtain shearing force component and chip removal force component after carrying out signal transacting, and Box is pressed to chip removal force data Lucas1 exponential Function Model y=a (1-e-bx) be fitted, so as to demarcate chip removal force coefficient a, b.
Step 3: the maximum allowable moment of torsion provided with reference to drill bit manufacturer, using calibrated chip removal force coefficient a, b, Maximum drilling depth is calculated, obtains final optimization pass result.According to chip removal power model, the drilling depth representing after optimization is：
Wherein, zoptFor the single drilling depth of optimization, MmaxFor drilling rod maximum allowable moment of torsion, K is safety coefficient, and D is brill Head diameter.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：This method derives chip removal power model and axial chip removal power by imfinitesimal method first, cut To the calculation formula of chip removal power, and then establish the quantitative relationship of drill thrust and drilling depth；Then, shallow bore hole cutting tests of drilling mark is passed through Make the model coefficient under given drill bit and cutting parameter；Finally, with reference to the maximum allowable moment of torsion of drill bit, calculated using model excellent The drilling depth of change.The inventive method realizes sets reasonable drilling depth before gun drilling is carried out according to theoretical model Purpose, solve current drilling depth value and select dependence experience, the problem of being theoretically unsound, during guarantee gun drilling not Processing efficiency is lifted to greatest extent while generation breaking.
The present invention is elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the gun drilling depth optimization method of the invention based on chip removal power model establishes gun drilling using imfinitesimal method The schematic diagram of chip removal power model.
Fig. 2 is the force analysis figure of chip infinitesimal in the inventive method embodiment.
Fig. 3 is drilling axial force and tangential force data and chip removal in the inventive method embodiment shallow bore hole drilling rating test The fitting result of power model.
Fig. 4 is the measured data and prediction result of drilling axial force in the inventive method embodiment gun drilling confirmatory experiment Comparison diagram.
Fig. 5 is the measured data of drilling torque and prediction result pair in the inventive method embodiment gun drilling confirmatory experiment Than figure.
Embodiment
Reference picture 1-5.Gun drilling depth optimization method of the invention based on chip removal power model comprises the following steps that：
1st, the gun drilling power model based on chip removal power is established.
First, chip removal power model is established using imfinitesimal method.During gun drilling, chip is surrounded in hole wall and chip area Space in move with uniform velocity, it, which is moved, can be analyzed to the component of both direction, i.e. the flowing along chip area and the rotation with drill bit Transhipment is dynamic.Active force of each of which section chip all in its adjacent chip, with the frictional force of hole wall and chip area, pressure effect Confining force poised state.Chip is divided into several infinitesimals along chip area direction, thus obtained in chip infinitesimal along chip area Equilibrium equation on flow direction
0=Fch-(Fch+dFch)+dFff+dFwff
Wherein, FchFor chip removal power, FffFor chip and the frictional force of chip area, FwffIt is chip and hole wall along chip area side Upward frictional force.Chip removal power is expressed as pressure P and chip cross-sectional area AcProduct, i.e. Fch=PAc.Compressed according to material Property, the pressure of material in two different directions is proportional, and note proportionality coefficient is respectively k1, k2, pushed away thus according to geometrical relationship Chip removal power dF of the derivative ac-tion on infinitesimalchFor
Wherein, z is drilling depth, μfAnd μwRespectively chip and chip area, the coefficient of friction of hole wall, β is chip area spiral Angle, LfAnd LwRespectively chip and chip area, effective contact length of hole wall.Proportionality coefficient ηtAnd ηfRepresent chip along row respectively Groove flowing and chip are considered to be worth doing with the proportion that total frictional force is accounted in the bit direction of motion, F0For the initial chip removal power at aperture.
Then, based on chip removal power model inference axial direction chip removal power and tangential chip removal power formula.In actual processing to drill thrust Measurement in, actual measurement power only includes the active force between drill bit and chip, and the power that in addition chip infinitesimal is subject to also includes hole Chip removal power between the active force and chip infinitesimal of wall.Hole wall radially, is not axially having component to the pressure of chip.Drill bit Pressure and frictional force are included to the active force of chip, by obtaining following relation to the Equilibrium Analysis of chip
Survey frictional force of the axial force=chip removal power-hole wall to chip
Survey frictional force of the tangential force=chip removal power+hole wall to chip
Thus relation derivation axial direction chip removal power formula and tangential chip removal power formula are as follows：
Axial chip removal power is
Tangentially chip removal power is
Finally, the drill thrust model for considering chip removal power is established.Show that chip removal power is with brill by axial direction, tangential chip removal power formula The changing rule for cutting depth meets Box Lucas1 exponential Function Model y=a (1-e-bx).A is defined, b is chip removal force coefficient, row Considering power model tormulation to be worth doing is
Fch(z)=a (1-e-bz)
Because the depth twist drill that this example is selected has two identical chip areas, therefore drill thrust calculation formula is expressed as
F (z)=Fc+2a(1-e-bz)
Wherein, FcTo shear force component in drill thrust.Chip removal force coefficient a, b are negative value in a model.
2nd, peg model coefficient.
To obtain the coefficient in model, shallow bore hole drilling rating test is carried out.High-speed steel depth twist drill is selected in this example, Bit diameter 4mm, drilling rod overall length 200mm, flute length 100mm, 30 ° of chip area helical angle.The workpiece material of drilling is aluminium alloy Al6061.It is 2000rpm, feed speed 200mm/min from the speed of mainshaft.By existing empirical value, drilling depth is set For zexp=50mm, the shearing force component obtained from the force signal of constant cut process are respectively tangential force 140N, axial force 256N.Drill Force Signals are filtered processing, obtain its static force part, and subtracts shearing force component and obtains chip removal power number According to obtained chip removal force data being fitted by Box Lucas1 exponential Function Models, chip removal axial force and tangential force are fitted As a result it is as shown in the table.
Table 1
As a result show that the fitting precision of model is higher, it was demonstrated that the accuracy of model.
3rd, model optimization drilling depth is utilized.
The maximum allowable moment of torsion of depth twist drill is 2.5N* according to used in checking in the technical manual that cutter manufacture manufacturer provides M, utilize formula
The drilling depth value of calculation optimization.Wherein, zoptFor the single drilling depth of optimization, MmaxTurned round for drilling rod maximum allowable Square, K are safety coefficient, and D is bit diameter.It is K=0.6 to take safety coefficient, calculates to obtain maximum single drilling depth zopt= 88.33mm。
To verify model prediction result, drilling confirmatory experiment is carried out under identical cutting parameter, until drilling rod twists off.It is real The contrast for surveying data and prediction result shows, in whole drilling process, the drill thrust and reality of model prediction proposed by the invention Data are surveyed to coincide substantially.As the drilling depth z for reaching optimizationoptWhen, drilling rod does not twist off, when drilling to depth 95.59mm When, drilling rod twists off.Optimum results improve 76.7% compared to the existing experience setting value of drilling depth, with processing hole depth The increase of degree, withdrawing number increase, and total elapsed time will reduce more, and the raising of processing efficiency becomes apparent.As a result show, Drilling depth can be maximized on the premise of not breaking is ensured using the inventive method, significantly improve processing efficiency.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. gun drilling depth optimization method based on chip removal power model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
    Step 1: the motion of chip and stress rule during analysis gun drilling, gun drilling chip removal is established using imfinitesimal method Power model, axial chip removal power and tangential chip removal power formula are derived, establish gun drilling power forecast model：
    F (z)=Fc+2a(1-e-bz)
    Wherein, FcTo shear force component in drill thrust；Z is drilling depth, and a, b are chip removal force coefficient, are negative value in a model；
    Step 2: given drilling depth value, axial force and torsion in drilling process are gathered by shallow bore hole cutting tests of drilling using dynamometer Square signal, obtain shearing force component and chip removal force component after carrying out signal transacting, and BoxLucas1 indexes are pressed to chip removal force data Function model y=a (1-e-bx) be fitted, so as to demarcate chip removal force coefficient a, b；
    Step 3: the maximum allowable moment of torsion provided with reference to drill bit manufacturer, using calibrated chip removal force coefficient a, b, is calculated Go out maximum drilling depth, obtain final optimization pass result；According to chip removal power model, the drilling depth representing after optimization is：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>z</mi> <mrow> <mi>o</mi> <mi>p</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>KM</mi> <mi>max</mi> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>F</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mi>a</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <mi>b</mi> </mrow>
    Wherein, zoptFor the single drilling depth of optimization, MmaxFor drilling rod maximum allowable moment of torsion, K is safety coefficient, and D is that drill bit is straight Footpath.
CN201710961374.3A 2017-10-17 2017-10-17 Deep hole drilling depth optimization method based on chip removal force model Active CN107609311B (en)

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CN117270455A (en) * 2023-11-20 2023-12-22 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 Digital filtering-based groove cavity milling tool path optimization method

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