CN107607238A - A kind of stress measurement device and measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of stress measurement device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107607238A CN107607238A CN201710747353.1A CN201710747353A CN107607238A CN 107607238 A CN107607238 A CN 107607238A CN 201710747353 A CN201710747353 A CN 201710747353A CN 107607238 A CN107607238 A CN 107607238A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of stress measurement device, including the restraint device, sample molds and pressure sensor arranged in one-dimensional square, restraint device is realized spacing in one-dimensional square to sample molds and pressure sensor, sample molds include cavity and the lid for covering cavity, testing sample is filled with cavity, lid contacts with testing sample and the swelling stress of testing sample is transmitted into sensor；Sensor is connected with transmitter, and transmitter receives the physical analogy signal of sensor, and is converted into data signal, and transmitter is by digital data transmission to data collecting system.Using the device can visual inspection swelling agent powder compact swelling stress size.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stress measurement device, more particularly to a kind of swelling stress measurement apparatus of compacts and measurement
Method.
Background technology
Prevent the measure that cement concrete ftractures from having incorporation fiber, adding economization agent, addition swelling agent, and utilize expansion group
Point in hydration process caused swelling stress come compensate internal stress caused by various contractions inside cement concrete be prevention its
One of major measure of shrinkage cracking.The mechanism that expansion is produced for swelling agent has largely been studied, and many scholars are from theory
On inferred swelling stress produce the main reason for, but viewpoint be not reaching to unification.At present, it is generally accepted main by scholar
There is crystallization pressure theoretical theoretical with water suction swelling.Can be from macroscopically comparing expansion component water by experimental verification by the device
Change the crystallization pressure for producing expansion and the size of water suction swelling stress.
The content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome mechanism of intumescence and the model disadvantage that There are many different versions of a story, there is provided a kind of visual test
Expansion component aquation produces the device of swelling stress, to verify that crystallization pressure caused by expansion component aquation and hydrated product absorb water
The size of swelling stress.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：A kind of stress measurement device, including about got one's things ready in what one-dimensional square was arranged
Put, sample molds and pressure sensor, the restraint device realize one-dimensional square to the sample molds and the pressure sensor
Upward is spacing, and the sample molds include cavity and the lid for covering cavity, are filled with the cavity and treat test sample
Product, the lid contact with the testing sample and the swelling stress of the testing sample are transmitted into the sensor；It is described
Sensor is connected with transmitter, and the transmitter receives the physical analogy signal of the sensor, and is converted into digital letter
Number, the transmitter is by digital data transmission to data collecting system.
Further, the restraint device includes the lower limiting board and upper limit plate that are placed in parallel, the cavity, lid and
Sensor is placed between lower limiting board and the upper limit plate in one-dimensional square arrangement.
Further, the sample grinding tool includes lower cover, upper cover body and cylinder lateral wall, the lower cover, upper cover body and
Cylinder lateral wall surrounds a cylindrical cavity, and the lower cover is provided with the boss being placed in cavity, the boss and the cylinder side
There is gap between wall.
Further, the cylindrical cavity diameter big 2-7mm of boss diameter.
Further, the cylindrical cavity diameter big 5mm of boss diameter.
Further, anti-bias load side head, the anti-bias load side head court are provided between the sensor and the upper limit plate
The first groove is provided with to the side of sensor, sensor one end is embedded in first groove.
Further, the second groove and the 3rd groove are respectively equipped with the lower limiting board and the upper limit plate, it is described
One end of lower cover towards lower limiting board is embedded in the second groove, and one end of anti-bias load side head towards upper limit plate is fitted together to
In in the 3rd groove.
Further, the sensor is gravity type sensor, and the gravity type sensor is placed in above sample molds, institute
It is vertical direction to state first direction, and the second direction is horizontal direction.
Further, the lower limiting board and the upper limit plate are horizontal positioned, the sample molds everywhere crosscutting
Face is identical, and the cross section is the section of horizontal direction.
Further, gap between lid and barrel end be present.
The present invention also disclosed a kind of magnesia swelling stress measuring method based on said apparatus, comprise the following steps：
Magnesium oxide powder to be measured is filled in the cavity of sample molds by S01, and is compacted form compacts；S02 is by sample
Grinding tool is placed on stress measurement device and fixed；
Sample molds below sensor are placed in NaOH curing fluids by S03, curing fluid by lid and cylinder inboard wall it
Between gap enter and compacts and react；
S04 calculates the swelling stress that compacts are transmitted to sensor.
The present invention also disclosed a kind of magnesia water suction oncotic measuring method based on said apparatus, including following step
Suddenly：
Magnesium oxide powder progress aquation is obtained magnesium hydroxide powder by S01；
Magnesium hydroxide powder is filled in the cavity of sample molds by S02, and is compacted form compacts；
Sample grinding tool is placed on stress measurement device and fixed by S03；
Sample molds below sensor are placed in water maintenance by S04, and water passes through the gap between lid and cylinder inboard wall
Into compacts and produce water suction swelling；
S05 calculates the swelling stress that compacts are transmitted to sensor.
Beneficial effect includes caused by the present invention：The expansion that the present apparatus can intuitively detect swelling agent powder compact should
Power size, and the main source of detectable swelling agent swelling stress.Experimental verification crystal structure and the size for both the swelling that absorbs water
Relation, strong evidence is provided for the academic debate on MgO expansion agent dilating principle all the time.Meanwhile the dress
The test for the swelling stress for not being only applicable to swelling agent is put, is also applied for the test of other materials that can produce expansion, example
Swelling stress caused by swelling stress, cement slurry such as rock.Except concrete field, the test of other materials swelling stress
It can also be tested by means of the present apparatus.
Brief description of the drawings
The structural representation of measurement apparatus in Fig. 1 present invention；
Screw-rod structure schematic diagram in Fig. 2 present invention；
Upper limit plate structure schematic diagram in Fig. 3 present invention；
Fig. 4 lower limit position plate structure schematic diagrams of the present invention；
The structural representation of sample molds in Fig. 5 present invention；
1 in figure, upper limit plate, 1-1, the 3rd groove, 2, lower limiting board, 2-1, the second groove, 3, sample molds, 3-1, cylinder
Body, 3-2, upper cover body, 3-2-1, second boss, 3-3, lower cover, 3-3-1, first boss, 4, sensor, 5, anti-bias load gauge head,
6th, transmitter, 7, data collecting system, 8, screw rod.
Embodiment
Further details of explanation is done to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, it should be appreciated that
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited by embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the measurement apparatus in the present invention includes restraint device, sample molds 3 and sensor 4, restraint device
Including upper and lower horizontally disposed lower limiting board 2 and upper limit plate 1, sample grinding tool and sensor 4 are placed between two limiting plates；Sample
Grinding tool includes the upper cover body 3-2 of cylinder 3-1 side walls, the lower cover 3-3 of cylinder 3-1 lower ends and cylinder 3-1 upper ends, cylinder 3-1, under
Lid 3-3 and upper cover body 3-2 surrounds about one prismatic cylindrical cavity, and testing sample is filled in cylindrical cavity, works as sample
Sample is to the upper cover body 3-2 applying powers of upper end when product expand, and in the presence of restraint device, sample molds 3 and sensor 4 are perpendicular
The upward total length of Nogata is constant, therefore sensor 4 can receive pressure caused by sample expansion.Sensor 4 in the present embodiment
For gravity type sensor 4, the gravity sensor 4 is connected with transmitter 6 and data collecting system 7, and transmitter 6 receives sensor 4
Caused 4-20mA physical analogys signal, and 4-20mA data signal is converted into, data signal can be adopted directly by data
Collecting system 7 receives record.Upper limit plate 1 and lower limiting board 2 are square structure.
In order to prevent the degree of accuracy of stress measurement in measurement process, prevent unbalance loading and increase the steady of sample molds 3
It is qualitative, anti-bias load gauge head 5 is provided between sensor 4 and upper limit plate 1, the side of anti-bias load gauge head 5 towards sensor 4 is provided with
First groove, the one end of sensor 4 are embedded in the first groove；The second groove 2- is respectively equipped with lower limiting board 2 and upper limit plate 1
1 and the 3rd groove 1-1, one end of lower cover 3-3 towards lower limiting board 2 are embedded in the second groove 2-1, the court of anti-bias load gauge head 5
One end of upward limiting plate 1 is embedded in the 3rd groove 1-1.
Sample molds 3, the first groove, the second groove 2-1 in the present invention, the 3rd groove 1-1,5 equal edge of anti-bias load gauge head
Cylinder 3-1 central shafts are distributed.
Cylinder 3-1 internal diameters in the present invention are 24mm, a height of 50mm of cylinder, under the conditions of three-dimensional constraining, the pressure in cylinder 3-1
Entity can produce swelling stress with extraneous solution reaction, and the stress of sensor 4 produces analog signal transmission to data collecting system 7.
It is fixedly connected between upper limit plate 1 and lower limiting board 2 in the present invention by four screw rods 8, as shown in Figure 2.
In order that sample can fully contact with solution, and the test of swelling stress is not influenceed, lower cover 3-3 and upper cover body
It is respectively equipped with first boss 3-3-1 and second boss 3-2-1 on 3-2, during lid bolt match cylinder 3-1, first boss 3-3-1 and the
Two boss 3-2-1 are placed in cylinder 3-1, are left between cylinder 3-1 inwalls and first boss 3-3-1, second boss 3-2-1
The gap in 0.2-0.7mm gap, preferably 0.5mm, gap is also reserved between lid and cylinder 3-1 ends.
To solve the problems, such as that swelling stress, device sensor 4 can be devised caused by follow-on test compacts aquation, directly
Connect and bear in measuring cylinder expansive force caused by compacts reaction, sensor 4 can produce analog signal, swollen to adapt to different samples
The size of swollen stress, there is provided range is respectively 1t, 2t, 4.7t, 10t sensor 4.Data collecting system 7 in the present invention
Collect and store the numerical value of the swelling stress in experimental period.
Preferably to play effect of contraction, the steel that mould uses are the CrWMn steel that hardness is big, corrosion resistance is strong, its
Hardness is HRC61, modulus of elasticity 224GPa.
To solve the problems, such as to avoid nut pretightning force is different to produce unbalance loading, fixed in the upper surface center of upper limit position block
There is level meter.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 gives the design diagram of device, constrains the sectional dimension figure of screw rod 8 of framework, above and below mould successively
The sectional view of disk, the sectional dimension figure of sample molds 3.Such as Fig. 4 of sample molds 3, designs its sample cylinder as internal diameter 24mm, height
50mm.Lower cover 3-3 is installed on cylinder 3-1, sample is added from another end openings of cylinder 3-1, is put on forcing press and is compacted.
For example, in implementation process, into sample molds 3, the amount for adding MgO expansion agent is 40g, and forcing press arrange parameter is
400MPa, dwell time 3s.By sample molds 3, installation restraint device center.
Sensor 4 in the present invention is three-wire type weighing sensor 4, and working power is 24DC, exports 4-20mA physics
Analog signal.On the mould equipped with compacts, the 4th groove is left in the bottom of sensor 4, the groove and sample molds 3
Upper cover body 3-2 rabbets, swelling stress caused by example reaction in the acceptable sample mould 3 of sensor 4, and produces physical analogy letter
Number pass.
The data collecting system 7 for 32 passages that the present invention selects, fundamental measurement, display error can be controlled in 0.3%F.S,
DC current inputs (4-20) mA, (0-10) mA, (0-20) mA, and electric current output has (4-20) mA, and (0-10) mA, (0-20) mA can
Choosing.Data signal caused by the data collecting system 7 of apparatus of the present invention represents its weight size, and unit is kg.
What data collecting system 7 received is weighing-up wave, it would be desirable to calculates its caused swelling stress according to formula 1.
In formula：σ is swelling stress, FtAnd FoRespectively time t and it is initial when the measured value of sensor 4 (Kg), g represent
Acceleration of gravity, take 9.8m/s2, d is cylinder 3-1 internal diameters, and π values take 3.14.
The present invention has confirmed the stability and feasibility of its work, the sustainable stabilization of the device by specific embodiment
Its caused expanded size is noted down, and calculates its swelling stress.
Embodiment 1
Using the measuring method of the said apparatus measurement magnesia bulbs of pressure.
Test the 1mol/L selected NaOH solution：Deionized water 4L is measured with graduated cylinder, it is pure that balance weighs 160g analyses
NaOH, NaOH is added to the water, wooden stick is stirred continuously until NaOH is completely dissolved.
The sample that apparatus of the present invention experiment is selected is MgO expansion agent, via 950 DEG C, soaking time 1h calcined magnesites
Prepare, it is 110s to determine its activity value by citrate hydrate acid system.Measuring process：
Magnesium oxide powder to be measured is filled in the cavity of sample molds 3 by S01, and is compacted form compacts；
Sample grinding tool is placed on stress measurement device and carries out other parts such as sensor 4, anti-bias load gauge head 5 by S02
It is fixedly mounted；
Sample molds 3 are put into the maintenance of NaOH curing fluids by S03, in order to which protection device, extension fixture service life, maintenance are molten
Liquid highly must not exceed sensor 4, and curing fluid enters compacts and anti-therewith by the gap between lid and cylinder 3-1 inwalls
Should；
S04 is during device experiment, device record result of the test, and calculates its σ value according to formula 1, as shown in table 1.
Obtained by table 1：, can be with swelling stress caused by steady testing its aquation within the test period, and reach in 27d
Stationary value (in the range of device allowable error).
Embodiment 2
Using the measuring method of said apparatus measurement magnesia water suction oncotic.
Operating procedure is as follows：
1st, magnesia aquation is generated into magnesium hydroxide：Via magnesia made from 950 DEG C, soaking time 1h calcined magnesites
160um sieves are crossed after aquation generation magnesium hydroxide.The step is to eliminate the influence that magnesia hydration reaction produces crystallization pressure.
2nd, magnesium hydroxide powder is filled in the cavity of sample molds 3, and is compacted form compacts；
3rd, sample grinding tool is placed on stress measurement device and is consolidated other parts such as sensor 4, anti-bias load gauge head 5
Dingan County fills；
4th, sample molds 3 are put into water and conserved, for protection device, extension fixture service life, conditioning solutions height
Sensor 4 is must not exceed, water enters compacts by the gap between lid and cylinder 3-1 inwalls and produces water suction swelling；
5th, during device experiment, device record result of the test, and its σ value is calculated according to formula 1, as shown in table 2, trying
Test in the cycle, can be with its water suction swelling stress value of steady testing, and reached stationary value (device allowable error scope in 4d
It is interior).
The magnesia swelling stress value of table 1
| Time t (d) | Note down numerical value F (Kg) | Swelling stress σ (MPa) |
| 1 | 35.625 | 0.7878825 |
| 2 | 261.563 | 5.784727308 |
| 3 | 398.313 | 8.809090308 |
| 4 | 497.313 | 10.99857431 |
| 5 | 579.438 | 12.81485081 |
| 6 | 646.875 | 14.3062875 |
| 7 | 646.875 | 14.3062875 |
| 8 | 703.688 | 15.56276381 |
| 9 | 753.188 | 16.65750581 |
| 10 | 797 | 17.626452 |
| 11 | 833.5 | 18.433686 |
| 12 | 870.063 | 19.24231331 |
| 13 | 905.875 | 20.0343315 |
| 14 | 937 | 20.722692 |
| 15 | 966.563 | 21.37650731 |
| 16 | 993 | 21.961188 |
| 17 | 1084.6 | 23.9870136 |
| 18 | 1162.3 | 25.7054268 |
| 19 | 1236.8 | 27.3530688 |
| 20 | 1302.6 | 28.8083016 |
| 21 | 1397.3 | 30.9026868 |
| 22 | 1432.3 | 31.6767468 |
| 23 | 1506.5 | 33.317754 |
| 24 | 1612.5 | 35.66205 |
| 25 | 1705.8 | 37.7254728 |
| 26 | 1797.2 | 39.7468752 |
| 27 | 1834.1 | 40.5629556 |
| 28 | 1832.312 | 40.52341219 |
| 29 | 1830.812 | 40.49023819 |
| 30 | 1830.938 | 40.49302481 |
| 31 | 1830.5 | 40.483338 |
| 32 | 1829.688 | 40.46537981 |
| 33 | 1829.688 | 40.46537981 |
| 34 | 1829.5 | 40.461222 |
| 35 | 1829.937 | 40.47088669 |
The magnesium hydroxide of table 2 water suction swelling stress value
| Time t (d) | Note down numerical value F (Kg) | Absorb water swelling stress σ (MPa) |
| 1 | 2.432 | 0.053786282 |
| 2 | 20.672 | 0.457183399 |
| 3 | 31.385 | 0.694112857 |
| 4 | 57.863 | 1.279702158 |
| 5 | 58.993 | 1.304693318 |
| 6 | 57.625 | 1.274438534 |
| 7 | 57.732 | 1.276804953 |
| 8 | 58.881 | 1.302216318 |
| 9 | 57.398 | 1.269418186 |
| 10 | 57.649 | 1.274969319 |
| 11 | 58.172 | 1.286536024 |
| 12 | 57.804 | 1.27839731 |
The swelling stress for the magnesia sample that apparatus of the present invention measure is much larger than the water suction swelling stress of its hydrated product.By
This can be obtained, and the water suction swelling stress of hydrated product only contribute to the swelling stress of fraction, and swelling stress is mainly produced by aquation
Raw crystallization pressure contribution.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. stress measurement device, it is characterised in that：Including the restraint device, sample molds and pressure arranged in one-dimensional square Sensor, the restraint device realize spacing in one-dimensional square, the sample to the sample molds and the pressure sensor Product mould includes cavity and the lid for covering cavity, is filled with testing sample in the cavity, the lid with it is described Testing sample contacts and the swelling stress of the testing sample is transmitted into the sensor；The sensor is connected with transmitter, and the transmitter receives the physical analogy signal of the sensor, and is converted For data signal, the transmitter is by digital data transmission to data collecting system.
- 2. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The restraint device includes being placed in parallel Lower limiting board and upper limit plate, the cavity, lid and sensor in one-dimensional square arrangement be placed in the lower limiting board and on Between limiting plate.
- 3. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sample grinding tool include lower cover, Upper cover body and cylinder lateral wall, the lower cover, upper cover body and cylinder lateral wall surround a cylindrical cavity, and the lower cover is provided with and put There is gap between the boss in cavity, the boss and the cylinder lateral wall.
- 4. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The cylindrical cavity diameter is more described convex The big 2-7mm of platform diameter.
- 5. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The sensor and the upper limit plate Between be provided with anti-bias load side head, anti-bias load side head is provided with the first groove towards the side of sensor, and sensor one end is fitted together to In in first groove.
- 6. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The lower limiting board and the upper limit The second groove and the 3rd groove are respectively equipped with plate, one end of the lower cover towards lower limiting board is embedded in the second groove, One end of anti-bias load side head towards upper limit plate is embedded in the 3rd groove.
- 7. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sensor senses for gravity type Device, the gravity type sensor are placed in above sample molds.
- 8. swelling stress measurement apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The lower limiting board and the upper limit Plate is horizontal positioned, and the cross section of the sample molds everywhere is identical, and the cross section is the section of horizontal direction.
- 9. a kind of magnesia swelling stress measuring method based on said apparatus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Magnesium oxide powder to be measured is filled in the cavity of sample molds by S01, and is compacted form compacts；Sample grinding tool is placed on stress measurement device and fixed by S02；Sample molds below sensor are placed in NaOH curing fluids by S03, and curing fluid passes through between lid and cylinder inboard wall Gap enters compacts and reacted；S04 calculates the swelling stress that compacts are transmitted to sensor.
- 10. a kind of magnesium hydroxide water suction swelling method for measuring stress based on said apparatus, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：Magnesium oxide powder progress aquation is obtained magnesium hydroxide powder by S01；Magnesium hydroxide powder is filled in the cavity of sample molds by S02, and is compacted form compacts；Sample grinding tool is placed on stress measurement device and fixed by S03；Sample molds below sensor are placed in water maintenance by S04, and water is entered by the gap between lid and cylinder inboard wall Compacts produce water suction swelling；S05 calculates the swelling stress that compacts are transmitted to sensor.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109883591A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-14 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of static measuring device and measurement method |
| CN110658332A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete lining pre-pressure measurement test device and test method thereof |
| CN111637322A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-08 | 苏州茧云信息科技有限公司 | Open width machine rolling mill pressure tester |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109883591A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-14 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of static measuring device and measurement method |
| CN110658332A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Concrete lining pre-pressure measurement test device and test method thereof |
| CN111637322A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-09-08 | 苏州茧云信息科技有限公司 | Open width machine rolling mill pressure tester |
| CN111637322B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2022-07-05 | 苏州茧云信息科技有限公司 | Open width machine rolling mill pressure tester |
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