CN107605534B - Intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node for monitoring temperature of deep roadway - Google Patents
Intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node for monitoring temperature of deep roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN107605534B CN107605534B CN201710898155.5A CN201710898155A CN107605534B CN 107605534 B CN107605534 B CN 107605534B CN 201710898155 A CN201710898155 A CN 201710898155A CN 107605534 B CN107605534 B CN 107605534B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses an intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node for monitoring the temperature of a deep roadway, which comprises an intrinsic safety type energy collector, an MCU control module, a temperature measuring instrument and a wireless transmission module, wherein the output end of the intrinsic safety type energy collector is respectively connected with the input ends of the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module and is used for supplying power to the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module, one end of the temperature measuring instrument is connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collector and is used for measuring the temperature in the roadway, and the other end of the temperature measuring instrument is connected with the wireless transmission module and is used for transmitting measured temperature signals to the wireless transmission module. The invention adopts an energy supply mode of temperature difference energy capture, uses a temperature difference energy capture technology for a wireless sensing node for monitoring the temperature of a deep roadway, the wireless sensor node can work for a long time, and inconvenience, waste and environmental pollution caused by battery replacement of the traditional wireless sensor node are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless sensing nodes, in particular to a deep roadway temperature monitoring intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node based on temperature difference energy capture.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of the coal mining depth, the underground temperature is increased, the deep well high-temperature heat damage is one of the major problems restricting the coal mining, and the heat source in the mine has surrounding rock heat dissipation, electromechanical equipment heat dissipation, wind flow self-compression and the like, wherein the surrounding rock heat dissipation accounts for 57 percent, and is a main source of the mine heat damage. Therefore, monitoring the temperature of surrounding rock of the deep tunnel is a primary task for researching the heat transfer rule between surrounding rock of the deep tunnel of the coal mine and air and improving the extreme environment in the deep tunnel.
The wireless sensor has the characteristics of small volume, low cost, convenient arrangement and the like, and is widely applied to the aspects of coal mine roadway monitoring and the like. Wireless sensor nodes often have wide distribution and work for a long time, but traditional wireless sensor nodes are powered by dry batteries or storage batteries, so that the storage of electric energy is limited, and the batteries are required to be replaced frequently. However, in many application scenarios, it is very difficult or even impossible to replace the battery for the wireless sensor node, so the conventional power supply manner cannot meet the energy requirement of the wireless sensor node. The temperature of the rock of the deep tunnel of the coal mine is above 35 degrees, the temperature of the air of the mining working face is not higher than 26 degrees, and the temperature of the air of the electromechanical equipment chamber is not higher than 30 degrees, so that obvious temperature difference exists between the air in the tunnel and the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and the heat energy can be converted into electric energy to supply power for the equipment by utilizing a temperature difference energy capturing technology in the deep tunnel of the coal mine. The temperature difference energy capturing technology is pollution-free, simple in structure and long in service life, has wide application market, is used for the wireless sensing node for monitoring the temperature of the deep roadway, can enable the wireless sensing node to work for a long time, and avoids inconvenience, waste and environmental pollution caused by frequent battery replacement.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node which is low in cost, long in service life, pollution-free, safe and reliable for monitoring the temperature of the deep roadway.
The deep roadway temperature monitoring intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node comprises an intrinsic safety type energy collector, an MCU control module, a temperature measuring instrument and a wireless transmission module, wherein the output end of the intrinsic safety type energy collector is respectively connected with the input ends of the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module, the intelligent energy collector is used for supplying power to the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module, one end of the temperature measuring instrument is connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collector and used for measuring the temperature in a roadway, and the other end of the temperature measuring instrument is connected with the wireless transmission module and used for transmitting a measured temperature signal to the wireless transmission module.
On the basis of the scheme, the intrinsic safety type energy collector comprises a plurality of armoured thermocouples, an outer protective sleeve, two flanges, a junction box, a wiring terminal and an intrinsic safety type energy collecting circuit, wherein the right end of the outer protective sleeve is inserted into a roadway surrounding rock and is fixed with the roadway surrounding rock through the flange, the left end of the outer protective sleeve is welded with the flange to be connected with the junction box, the right end of the outer protective sleeve is used as a measuring end, the armoured thermocouples directly penetrate into the outer protective sleeve, the cold ends of the armoured thermocouples are connected with the wiring terminal, the hot ends of the armoured thermocouples are flush with a measuring end port of the outer protective sleeve, the wiring terminal is fixed in the junction box to enable the armoured thermocouples to be connected in series, and two compensating wires are led out to be connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collecting circuit.
On the basis of the scheme, the intrinsic safety type energy collection circuit comprises a DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster, a DC/DC voltage booster, an operational amplifier A1, a comparator U2, a comparator U3, a comparator U8, a comparator U9, a comparator U10, a comparator U2 and a field effect transistor Q1;
the input end of the comparator U2 is respectively connected with the positive poles of the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the connecting terminal, the output end of the comparator U2 is connected with the NOR gate U4, the comparator U2, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 form a voltage detection circuit for overvoltage protection, the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier A1 is connected with the resistor R7, the inverting input end is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the output end is connected with the comparator U3;
the non-inverting input ends of the comparator U8, the comparator U9 and the comparator U10 are respectively connected with a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23 and a resistor R24, the inverting input end is connected with 2.2V voltage, the output end is connected with a NOR gate U4, and the comparator U8, the comparator U9 and the comparator U10 form a voltage detection circuit with the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the resistor R21, the resistor R22, the resistor R23 and the resistor R24 for overvoltage protection of the output end;
the input end of the comparator U3 is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier A1 and a 2.2V power supply, the output end of the comparator U3 is connected with the NOR gate U4, and the comparator U3, the operational amplifier A1, the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the 2.2V power supply form a current detection circuit for overcurrent protection;
the comparator U2 and the comparator U3 form a current and voltage detection circuit with the operational amplifier A1, the NOR gate U4 and the field effect transistor Q1;
the electric energy generated by the armored thermocouple enters an SW port of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster through a capacitor Cin and a primary coil of a transformer, the Vout port generates a voltage output of 3.3V at maximum and is used for supplying power to the wireless transmission module, the Vstore port generates a voltage output of 5V at maximum and is used for charging an intrinsic safety lithium battery, and the intrinsic safety lithium battery is stored and used for supplying power to the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module;
the Vcc end of the DC/DC voltage booster is connected with the Vout port of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster, and the voltage of 3.3V is raised to 9V for supplying power to the temperature measuring instrument.
On the basis of the scheme, the MCU control module comprises an MCU, a field effect transistor Q2, a field effect transistor Q3, a field effect transistor Q4, an operational amplifier A2, an operational amplifier A3, a comparator U5, a comparator U6, an optical coupler and an intrinsic safety lithium battery;
the field effect tube Q2, the field effect tube Q3 and the field effect tube Q4 are used as switches, the drains of the field effect tube Q2, the field effect tube Q3 and the field effect tube Q4 are respectively connected with 5V, 3.3V and 9V input voltages, the sources are respectively connected with an intrinsic safety lithium battery, a wireless transmission module and a temperature measuring instrument, and the grids are respectively connected with P1 and P2 ports of the MCU;
the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with 3.3V input voltage, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R9, and the output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with a comparator U5 and is used for amplifying the 3.3V voltage to 4.5V;
the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier A3 is grounded, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier A3 is connected with the R10, and the output end of the operational amplifier A3 is connected with the comparator U6 and is used for converting 3.3V voltage to 2.8V;
the input end of the comparator U5 is respectively connected with the output ends of the intrinsic safety lithium battery and the A1, and the output end is connected with the P3 port of the MCU and is used for comparing the voltage value of the lithium battery with 4.5V;
the input end of the comparator U6 is respectively connected with the output ends of the intrinsic safety lithium battery and the operational amplifier A3, and the output end is connected with the P4 port of the MCU and is used for comparing the voltage value of the lithium battery with 2.8V;
the input end of the optocoupler Q4 is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery and the resistor R12, and the output end of the optocoupler Q is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery, the resistor R14 and the Schottky diode D1, and is used for supplying power to the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module by using the intrinsic safety lithium battery when no input voltage exists;
the VCC end of MCU links to each other with 2.2V input voltage, and P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 port link to each other with field effect transistor Q2, field effect transistor Q3, field effect transistor Q4's grid, comparator U5's output and comparator U6's output respectively.
In the invention, the outer protective sleeve is cylindrical, the length is 2200mm, the outer diameter is 10mm, the inner diameter is 8mm, the material is stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, one end is welded with a flange and connected with the junction box, and the other end is used as a measuring end. A flange was welded near junction box 188mm (flange thickness 12 mm) for securing the intrinsically safe energy collector to the roadway surrounding rock.
The total number of the armoured thermocouples is 12, the armoured thermocouples penetrate into the outer protective sleeve directly, the cold end is connected with the wiring terminal, the hot end is flush with the port of the measuring end of the outer protective sleeve (namely, the lengths of the 12 armoured thermocouples in the outer protective sleeve are the same as the lengths of the outer protective sleeve).
The junction box is a square box with the thickness of 100mm and 100mm, and the thickness of each surface is 2mm. The center of the upper surface is provided with a cylindrical hole with the outer diameter of 10mm, the inner diameter of 8mm and the height of 10mm, and the cylindrical hole is used as a wire hole; a round hole with the diameter of 10mm is arranged in the center of the lower surface, and 4 bolt holes with the diameter of 11mm are arranged at the position 15.5mm away from the center of the round hole; the left side surface and the right side surface are provided with vent holes, the vent holes are 4 rows and 4 columns of round holes with the diameter of 10mm, and the center distance between every two adjacent round holes is 20mm; the front of the junction box is detachable.
The flange has the outer diameter of 50mm, the inner diameter of 11mm, the bolt hole distance of 31mm, the bolt diameter of 11mm,4 bolt holes and the thickness of 12mm.
The wiring terminals are arranged in 4 rows and 6 columns, the first row and the third row of terminals are sequentially and alternately connected with the metal A and the metal B of the armored thermocouple from left to right, and the second row and the fourth row are sequentially and alternately connected with the metal B and the metal A of the armored thermocouple from left to right. The 2 nd terminal and the 3 rd terminal of binding post every row link to each other, and the 4 th terminal links to each other with the 5 th terminal, and the terminal of the rightmost end of first row links to each other with the terminal of the rightmost end of second row, and the terminal of the leftmost end of second row links to each other with the terminal of the leftmost end of third row, and the terminal of the rightmost end of third row links to each other with the terminal of the rightmost end of fourth row (i.e. 12 armoured thermocouples are established ties), and a compensating wire A, B is drawn forth respectively to the terminal of the leftmost end of first row and the terminal of the leftmost end of fourth row, and compensating wire A, B is used for providing the electric energy.
The DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster is a highly integrated DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster converter, the internally adopted boost topology structure can normally operate under the condition that the input voltage is as low as 20mV, and the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster is suitable for collecting and managing the energy of an ultra-low input voltage power supply such as an intrinsic safety type energy collector. And 3.3V voltage is output to supply power to the MCU control module and the wireless transmission module, and 5V voltage is used for charging the lithium battery.
The DC/DC booster is internally provided with a DC/DC booster converter with overcurrent protection and thermal shutdown functions, the Vcc end of the DC/DC booster converter is connected with the 3.3V output end of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster, and the voltage of 3.3V is raised to 9V to supply power to the temperature measuring instrument.
The intrinsic safety type energy collector is inserted into surrounding rock of a coal mine roadway, and the heat energy is converted into electric energy by utilizing the Seebeck effect through the temperature difference between the surrounding rock and air in the roadway. The seebeck effect refers to a thermoelectric phenomenon that causes a voltage difference between two substances due to a temperature difference of two different conductors or semiconductors. For example, in a circuit consisting of two metals a and B, if the temperatures of the two contact points are made different, a current will appear in the circuit, called a thermoelectric current, and the corresponding electromotive force, called a thermoelectric voltage, the direction of which depends on the direction of the temperature gradient, generally specifies the thermoelectric voltage direction as: at the hot side the current flows from negative to positive. The calculation formula of the seebeck effect potential difference is shown as formula (1):
the neutralization is the Seebeck coefficient of the two metals, respectively, as a function of time, and is the temperature of the two metals. If the Seebeck coefficients of the two metals are constant and do not change over time, equation (1) can be written as:
V＝(S B -S A )(T 2 -T 1 ) (2)
assuming that the sheathed thermocouple is made of two metal materials of iron and constantan, the seebeck coefficient thereof is 62uV at the temperature of 20 ℃, and assuming that the seebeck coefficient does not change with the change of the temperature, the voltage of 62uV can be generated when the temperature difference is 1 degree, and the serial voltage of 12 sheathed thermocouples is 620uV. Through a 1:100 transformer, the voltage becomes 62mV, and more than 20mV can start the DC/DC converter, so that three different power supply voltages (3.3V, 5V and 9V) are generated to supply power to the MCU control module, the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module and charge the lithium battery.
The VCC end of MCU links to each other with 3.3V input voltage, and P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 port link to each other with grid, the output of U5 and the output of U6 of Q2, Q3, Q4 respectively. The port P2 of the MCU outputs a high level once every 10 seconds, each time lasts for 5 seconds, when the P2 is in the high level, the field effect transistors Q3 and Q4 are conducted, and the intrinsic safety type energy collector supplies power to the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module; when P2 is low level, field effect transistor Q3 and Q4 disconnection, temperature measuring apparatu and wireless transmission module stop work, and intermittent type formula power supply can reduce the consumption to the electric energy, improves wireless transmission node's life. When the charging voltage of the lithium battery exceeds 4.5V, namely the battery is full, at the moment, the input voltage of the P3 port is high level, the voltage of the P1 port becomes low level, Q1 is disconnected, and the charging of the lithium battery is stopped; when the discharging voltage of the lithium battery is smaller than 2.8V, the battery is considered to be dead, at the moment, the input voltage of the P4 port is high level, the voltage of the P1 port becomes high and low level, and Q1 is conducted to charge the lithium battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the temperature difference energy capturing technology is a pollution-free, simple in structure and long in service life energy collecting mode, and is used for the wireless sensing node for monitoring the temperature of the deep roadway, so that the wireless sensing node works for a long time, and inconvenience, waste and environmental pollution caused by battery replacement of the traditional wireless sensing node are avoided.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an intrinsically safe energy harvesting circuit in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a design block diagram of an intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node for monitoring the temperature of a deep roadway, which is related to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of an intrinsically safe energy collector in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the junction box;
fig. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of the connection terminal.
In the figure: 1-junction box, 2-flange, 3-outer protective sleeve, 4-armoured thermocouple, 5-surrounding rock, 6-junction terminal, 7-compensating wire, 8-intrinsic safety type energy collection circuit, 9-intrinsic safety lithium battery, 10-MCU control module, 11-temperature measuring instrument, 12-wireless transmission module, 13-DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster, 14-DC/DC voltage booster.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the deep roadway temperature monitoring intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node comprises an intrinsic safety type energy collector, an MCU control module 10, a temperature measuring instrument 11 and a wireless transmission module 12, wherein the output end of the intrinsic safety type energy collector is respectively connected with the input ends of the MCU control module 10, the temperature measuring instrument 11 and the wireless transmission module 12 and is used for supplying power to the MCU control module 10, the temperature measuring instrument 11 and the wireless transmission module 12, one end of the temperature measuring instrument 11 is connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collector and is used for measuring the temperature in a roadway, and the other end is connected with the wireless transmission module 12 and is used for transmitting measured temperature signals to the wireless transmission module 12. The wireless transmission module 12 encodes, modulates, etc. the temperature signal, converts the temperature signal into a signal suitable for channel transmission, and transmits the signal through a transmitting antenna.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the intrinsic safety type energy collector comprises a plurality of armoured thermocouples 4, an outer protective sleeve 3, two flanges 2, a junction box 1, a junction terminal 6 and an intrinsic safety type energy collecting circuit 8, wherein the right end of the outer protective sleeve 3 is inserted into a roadway surrounding rock 5 and fixed with the roadway surrounding rock 5 through the flange 2, the left end of the outer protective sleeve 3 is welded with the flange 2 and connected with the junction box 1, the right end is used as a measuring end, the armoured thermocouples 4 directly penetrate into the outer protective sleeve 3, the cold ends of the armoured thermocouples are connected with the junction terminal 6, the hot ends of the armoured thermocouples are flush with the measuring end ports of the outer protective sleeve 3, the junction terminal 6 is fixed in the junction box 1 to enable the armoured thermocouples 4 to be connected in series, and two compensating wires 7 are led out to be connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collecting circuit 8. Wherein, outer protective sheath 3 is cylindrical, long 2200mm, external diameter 10mm, internal diameter 8mm, and the material is stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, and one end welding flange 2 links to each other with terminal box 1, and the other end is as the measuring terminal. A flange is welded near the junction box 188mm and the flange thickness is 12mm for fixing the intrinsic safety type energy collector on the roadway surrounding rock 5.
The total number of the armoured thermocouples 4 is 12, the armoured thermocouples penetrate into the outer protective sleeve 3 directly, the cold end is connected with the connecting terminal 6, the hot end is flush with the port of the measuring end of the outer protective sleeve 3, namely the length of the 12 armoured thermocouples 4 in the outer protective sleeve 3 is the same as the length of the outer protective sleeve 3.
The junction box 1 is a square box of 100 x 100mm, and the thickness of each face is 2mm. The center of the upper surface is provided with a cylindrical hole with the outer diameter of 10mm, the inner diameter of 8mm and the height of 10mm, and the cylindrical hole is used as a wire hole; a round hole with the diameter of 10mm is arranged in the center of the lower surface, and 4 bolt holes with the diameter of 11mm are arranged at the position 15.5mm away from the center of the round hole; the left side surface and the right side surface are provided with vent holes, the vent holes are 4 rows and 4 columns of round holes with the diameter of 10mm, and the center distance between every two adjacent round holes is 20mm; the front of the junction box is detachable.
The flange 2 has an outer diameter of 50mm, an inner diameter of 11mm, a bolt hole pitch of 31mm, a bolt diameter of 11mm,4 bolt holes and a thickness of 12mm.
Referring to fig. 5, the connection terminals 6 are arranged in 4 rows and 6 columns, the terminals of the first row and the third row are alternately connected with the metal a and the metal B of the sheathed thermocouple from left to right in sequence, and the terminals of the second row and the fourth row are alternately connected with the metal B and the metal a of the sheathed thermocouple 4 from left to right in sequence. The 2 nd terminal and the 3 rd terminal of binding post 6 every row link to each other, and the 4 th terminal links to each other with the 5 th terminal, and the terminal of the rightmost end of first row links to each other with the terminal of the rightmost end of second row, and the terminal of the leftmost end of second row links to each other with the terminal of the leftmost end of third row, and the terminal of the rightmost end of third row links to each other with the terminal of the rightmost end of fourth row, and 12 armoured thermocouples 4 are established ties, and a compensating wire A, B is drawn forth respectively to the terminal of the leftmost end of first row and the terminal of the leftmost end of fourth row, and compensating wire A, B is used for providing the electric energy.
Referring to fig. 1, the intrinsically safe energy harvesting circuit 8 includes a DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster 13, a DC/DC voltage booster 14, an operational amplifier A1, a comparator U2, a comparator U3, a comparator U8, a comparator U9, a comparator U10, a comparator U2, and a field effect transistor Q1;
the input end of the comparator U2 is respectively connected with the positive poles of the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the connecting terminal 6, the output end of the comparator U2 is connected with the NOR gate U4, the comparator U2, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 form a voltage detection circuit for overvoltage protection, the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier A1 is connected with the resistor R7, the inverting input end is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the output end is connected with the comparator U3;
the non-inverting input ends of the comparator U8, the comparator U9 and the comparator U10 are respectively connected with a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23 and a resistor R24, the inverting input end is connected with 2.2V voltage, the output end is connected with a NOR gate U4, and the comparator U8, the comparator U9 and the comparator U10 form a voltage detection circuit with the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the resistor R21, the resistor R22, the resistor R23 and the resistor R24 for overvoltage protection of the output end;
the input end of the comparator U3 is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier A1 and a 2.2V power supply, the output end of the comparator U3 is connected with the NOR gate U4, and the comparator U3 and the operational amplifier A1, the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the 2.2V power supply form a current detection circuit for overcurrent protection;
the comparator U2 and the comparator U3 form a current and voltage detection circuit with the operational amplifier A1, the NOR gate U4 and the field effect transistor Q1;
the electric energy generated by the armored thermocouple 4 enters an SW port of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster 13 through a capacitor Cin and a primary coil of a transformer, the Vout port generates a voltage output of 3.3V maximum for supplying power to the wireless transmission module 12, the Vstore port generates a voltage output of 5V maximum for charging the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9, and the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 is stored for supplying power to the MCU control module 10, the temperature measuring instrument 11 and the wireless transmission module 12;
the Vcc terminal of the DC/DC voltage booster 14 is connected to the Vout port of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster 13 to boost the voltage of 3.3V to 9V for supplying power to the temperature measuring instrument 11.
Referring to fig. 2, the MCU control module 10 includes an MCU, a field effect transistor Q2, a field effect transistor Q3, a field effect transistor Q4, an operational amplifier A2, an operational amplifier A3, a comparator U5, a comparator U6, an optocoupler, and an intrinsic safety lithium battery 9;
the field effect tube Q2, the field effect tube Q3 and the field effect tube Q4 are used as switches, the drains of the field effect tube Q2, the field effect tube Q3 and the field effect tube Q4 are respectively connected with 5V, 3.3V and 9V input voltages, the sources are respectively connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9, the wireless transmission module 12 and the temperature measuring instrument 11, and the grids are respectively connected with P1 and P2 ports of the MCU;
the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with 3.3V input voltage, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R9, and the output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with a comparator U5 and is used for amplifying the 3.3V voltage to 4.5V;
the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier A3 is grounded, the reverse input end is connected with R10, and the output end is connected with the comparator U6 and is used for converting 3.3V voltage to 2.8V;
the input end of the comparator U5 is respectively connected with the output ends of the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 and the A1, and the output end is connected with the P3 port of the MCU and is used for comparing the voltage value of the lithium battery with 4.5V;
the input end of the comparator U6 is respectively connected with the output ends of the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 and the operational amplifier A3, and the output end is connected with the P4 port of the MCU and is used for comparing the voltage value of the lithium battery with 2.8V;
the input end of the optocoupler Q4 is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 and the resistor R12, and the output end of the optocoupler Q is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9, the resistor R14 and the Schottky diode D1, and is used for supplying power to the MCU control module 10, the temperature measuring instrument 11 and the wireless transmission module 12 by using the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 when no input voltage exists;
the VCC end of MCU is connected with 2.2V input voltage, and P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 ports are connected with FET Q2, FET Q3, the grid of FET Q4, the output of comparator U5 and the output of comparator U6 respectively. The port P2 of the MCU outputs a high level once every 10 seconds, each time lasts for 5 seconds, when the P2 is in the high level, the field effect transistors Q3 and Q4 are conducted, and the intrinsic safety type energy collector supplies power to the temperature measuring instrument and the wireless transmission module; when P2 is low level, field effect transistor Q3 and Q4 disconnection, temperature measuring apparatu and wireless transmission module stop work, and intermittent type formula power supply can reduce the consumption to the electric energy, improves wireless transmission node's life. When the charging voltage of the lithium battery exceeds 4.5V, namely the battery is full, at the moment, the input voltage of the P3 port is high level, the voltage of the P1 port becomes low level, Q1 is disconnected, and the charging of the lithium battery is stopped; when the discharging voltage of the lithium battery is smaller than 2.8V, the battery is considered to be dead, at the moment, the input voltage of the P4 port is high level, the voltage of the P1 port becomes high and low level, and Q1 is conducted to charge the lithium battery.
The wireless sensor node adopts the energy supply mode of temperature difference energy capture, the temperature difference energy capture technology is a pollution-free, simple in structure and long in service life energy collection mode, and the temperature difference energy capture technology is used for the wireless sensor node for monitoring the temperature of a deep roadway, so that the wireless sensor node works for a long time, and inconvenience, waste and environmental pollution caused by battery replacement of the traditional wireless sensor node are avoided.
The present invention is not described in detail in the present application, and is well known to those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a deep tunnel temperature monitoring ann's wireless sensing node which characterized in that: the intelligent energy collection system comprises an intrinsic safety type energy collector, an MCU control module (10), a temperature measuring instrument (11) and a wireless transmission module (12), wherein the output end of the intrinsic safety type energy collector is respectively connected with the MCU control module (10), the temperature measuring instrument (11) and the input end of the wireless transmission module (12) and is used for supplying power to the MCU control module (10), the temperature measuring instrument (11) and the wireless transmission module (12), one end of the temperature measuring instrument (11) is connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collector and is used for measuring the temperature in a roadway, and the other end of the temperature measuring instrument is connected with the wireless transmission module (12) and is used for transmitting measured temperature signals to the wireless transmission module (12); the wireless transmission module (12) encodes and modulates the temperature signal, converts the temperature signal into a signal suitable for channel transmission, and transmits the signal through the transmitting antenna;
the intrinsic safety type energy collector comprises a plurality of armored thermocouples (4), an outer protective sleeve (3), two flanges (2), a junction box (1), a wiring terminal (6) and an intrinsic safety type energy collecting circuit (8), wherein the right end of the outer protective sleeve (3) is inserted into a roadway surrounding rock (5) and fixed with the roadway surrounding rock (5) through the flange (2), the flange (2) is welded at the left end of the outer protective sleeve (3) and connected with the junction box (1), the right end is used as a measuring end, the armored thermocouples (4) directly penetrate into the outer protective sleeve (3), the cold end of the armored thermocouples is connected with the wiring terminal (6), the hot end of the armored thermocouples is flush with a measuring end port of the outer protective sleeve (3), the wiring terminal (6) is fixed in the junction box (1) to enable the armored thermocouples (4) to be connected in series, and two compensating wires (7) are led out to be connected with the intrinsic safety type energy collecting circuit (8);
the intrinsic safety type energy collection circuit (8) comprises a DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster (13), a DC/DC voltage booster (14), an operational amplifier A1, a comparator U2, a comparator U3, a comparator U8, a comparator U9, a comparator U10, a comparator U2 and a field effect transistor Q1;
the input end of the comparator U2 is respectively connected with the positive poles of the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the connecting terminal (6), the output end of the comparator U2 is connected with the NOR gate U4, the comparator U2, the resistor R2 and the resistor R3 form a voltage detection circuit for overvoltage protection, the homodromous input end of the operational amplifier A1 is connected with the resistor R7, the opposite-phase input end is connected with the resistor R5 and the resistor R6, and the output end is connected with the comparator U3;
the non-inverting input ends of the comparator U8, the comparator U9 and the comparator U10 are respectively connected with a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23 and a resistor R24, the inverting input end is connected with 2.2V voltage, the output end is connected with a NOR gate U4, and the comparator U8, the comparator U9 and the comparator U10 form a voltage detection circuit with the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the resistor R21, the resistor R22, the resistor R23 and the resistor R24 for overvoltage protection of the output end;
the input end of the comparator U3 is respectively connected with the output end of the operational amplifier A1 and a 2.2V power supply, the output end of the comparator U3 is connected with the NOR gate U4, and the comparator U3, the operational amplifier A1, the resistor R5, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the 2.2V power supply form a current detection circuit for overcurrent protection;
the comparator U2 and the comparator U3 form a current and voltage detection circuit with the operational amplifier A1, the NOR gate U4 and the field effect transistor Q1;
the electric energy generated by the armored thermocouple (4) enters an SW port of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster (13) through a capacitor Cin and a primary coil of a transformer, the Vout port generates a voltage output of 3.3V at maximum and is used for supplying power to the wireless transmission module (12), the Vstore port generates a voltage output of 5V at maximum and is used for charging the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9), and the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9) is stored and used for supplying power to the MCU control module (10), the temperature measuring instrument (11) and the wireless transmission module (12);
the Vcc end of the DC/DC voltage booster (14) is connected with the Vout port of the DC/DC ultra-low voltage booster (13) to boost the voltage of 3.3V to 9V for supplying power to the temperature measuring instrument (11).
2. The deep roadway temperature monitoring intrinsic safety type wireless sensing node of claim 1, wherein: the MCU control module (10) comprises an MCU, a field effect transistor Q2, a field effect transistor Q3, a field effect transistor Q4, an operational amplifier A2, an operational amplifier A3, a comparator U5, a comparator U6, an optocoupler Q4 and an intrinsic safety lithium battery (9);
the field effect tube Q2, the field effect tube Q3 and the field effect tube Q4 are used as switches, the drains of the field effect tube Q2, the field effect tube Q3 and the field effect tube Q4 are respectively connected with 5V, 3.3V and 9V input voltages, the sources are respectively connected with an intrinsic safety lithium battery (9), a wireless transmission module (12) and a temperature measuring instrument (11), and the grids are respectively connected with P1 and P2 ports of the MCU;
the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with 3.3V input voltage, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with a resistor R8 and a resistor R9, and the output end of the operational amplifier A2 is connected with a comparator U5 and is used for amplifying the 3.3V voltage to 4.5V;
the same-direction input end of the operational amplifier A3 is grounded, the reverse input end of the operational amplifier A3 is connected with the R10, and the output end of the operational amplifier A3 is connected with the comparator U6 and is used for converting 3.3V voltage to 2.8V;
the input end of the comparator U5 is respectively connected with the output ends of the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9) and the A1, and the output end is connected with the P3 port of the MCU and is used for comparing the voltage value of the lithium battery with 4.5V;
the input end of the comparator U6 is respectively connected with the output ends of the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9) and the operational amplifier A3, and the output end is connected with the P4 port of the MCU and is used for comparing the voltage value of the lithium battery with 2.8V;
the input end of the optocoupler Q4 is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9) and the resistor R12, and the output end of the optocoupler Q is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9), the resistor R14 and the Schottky diode D1, and is used for supplying power to the MCU control module (10), the temperature measuring instrument (11) and the wireless transmission module (12) by using the intrinsic safety lithium battery (9) when no input voltage exists;
the VCC end of the MCU is connected with 2.2V input voltage, and ports P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 are respectively connected with a field effect transistor Q2, a field effect transistor Q3, a grid electrode of the field effect transistor Q4, an output end of a comparator U5 and an output end of a comparator U6;
the input end of the optocoupler Q4 is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 and the resistor R12, the output end of the optocoupler Q is connected with the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9, the resistor R14 and the Schottky diode D1, and when no input voltage exists, the intrinsic safety lithium battery 9 is used for supplying power to the MCU control module 10, the temperature measuring instrument 11 and the wireless transmission module 12.
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