CN107605469A - The method for predicting formation pore pressure - Google Patents
The method for predicting formation pore pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN107605469A CN107605469A CN201610548005.7A CN201610548005A CN107605469A CN 107605469 A CN107605469 A CN 107605469A CN 201610548005 A CN201610548005 A CN 201610548005A CN 107605469 A CN107605469 A CN 107605469A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to seismic data interpretation field, specifically discloses a kind of method for predicting formation pore pressure.This method includes：Obtain the seismic interval velocity v in work area and the Eton index n of multiple opening positions is obtained based on well-log informationi；Based on making E2Minimum principle determines the relation n=p (v) in work area between Eton index n and seismic interval velocity v；In work area, the Eton index n in the range of work area is obtained based on seismic interval velocity v and the functional relation n=p (v) determined；And then predict the formation pore pressure P in work areap.Using the present invention, the precision for predicting formation pore pressure can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seismic data interpretation field, more particularly, to a kind of method for predicting formation pore pressure.
Background technology
Formation pore pressure refers to pressure possessed by fluid in formation pore or crack.It is reasonable determination casing program
Basis, and reasonable selection mud density, realize the key of safe and efficient drilling well.Formation pore pressure is Hydrocarbon Formation Reservoirs simultaneously
It is the foundation of Hydrocarbon Formation Reservoirs hydrodynamics research one of with the Dominated Factors of distribution.
The history of existing more than 40 years of the research of formation pore pressure, but be not resolved completely so far strictly.
Since this century, formation pore pressure prediction turns into again in fields such as western countries' geology, drilling well, well logging, physical prospectings grinds
The focus studied carefully.Specific Forecasting Methodology is favorably predicted with seismic interval velocity, interpretation of logging data (detection), drilling data are explained
(detection), actual measurement etc..
These conventional methods are the experience semi-empirical approach based on normal compaction trend line, are generally existed following common
Scarce limit:It is only applicable to the situation of " stratum undercompaction caused by disequilibrium compaction process " high pressure；Most methods are only limitted to
Used in pure mud shale；It is required for establishing normal compaction trend line, and assumes that in semilog coordinate system be straight line；Passed through because establishing
The source pressure of plate is tested in permeable formation, predicts mudstone stratum in turn, it is as a result often relatively low；In terms of quantification be through
Test and semiempirical method, shortage theoretical foundation.
The theoretical foundation of formation pore pressure prediction is effective stress theorem.According to the theorem, formation pore pressure is equal to
The difference of overburden pressure and vertical effective stress.Overburden pressure can be more by the apparent density well-log information of drilling well etc.
Kind of approach is tried to achieve, as long as therefore trying to obtain vertical effective stress and can determine formation pore pressure.Saturated porous media
Effective stress be physically can not parameter measured directly, only by measuring its caused result (change of such as porosity)
To calculate its value indirectly.In the domestic and foreign literature retrieved, asked for based on effective stress theorem using Seismic Velocity Data
The method of pore pressure is more representational have Foster＆Whalen methods, Eaton methods, Fan simplified methods, based on rock physicses
Method etc..Foster＆Whalen methods are a kind of regional semi-empirical approach, and Fan simplified methods are more applied to undercompacted formation, are based on
Petrophysical method is mainly for section plane of sand shale and calculates cumbersome.Therefore preferably Eaton methods carry out formation pore pressure
Prediction.Important Parameters Eaton indexes n in Eaton formula be typically it is empirically determined, due to different work areas situation not
Together, therefore, empirically determined Eaton indexes n tends not to be well adapted for the actual conditions in work area, so as to have a strong impact on
Pore pressure prediction precision.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be obtain it is a kind of can overcome drawbacks described above utilize Eaton method Accurate Prediction pore pressures
Method.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of method for predicting formation pore pressure, and this method includes：Obtain
Seismic interval velocity v in work area simultaneously obtains the Eton index n of multiple opening positions based on well-log informationi, each position of subscript i expressions
Numbering, i=1,2 ..., N, N represent the quantity of the position that is included in the multiple position；Based on making E in following formula2Most
Small principle determines the relation n=p (v) between Eton index n and seismic interval velocity v in work area：Its
In, viThe seismic interval velocity of corresponding position is represented, n=p (v) selects from default function set；In work area, based on ground
Shake interval velocity v and the functional relation n=p (v) determined obtain the Eton index n in the range of work area；Based in following formula prediction work area
Formation pore pressure Pp：Pp=Sv-(Sv-Ph)(v/vnorm), wherein, SvFor overlying formation pressure, Ph is hydrostatic pressure, vnorm
For the interval velocity in the case of normal compaction.
In the present invention, Eaton equations preferred first are used as based on the theoretical progress formation pore pressure prediction of effective stress
Effective ways；Then for the actual formation complexity of the unconventional reservoirs such as shale gas, anisotropic formation pair is taken into full account
The influence of key parameter in pore pressure prediction formula, so as to substantially increase precision of prediction.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is of the invention above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein, in exemplary embodiment of the invention, identical reference number
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the method for prediction formation pore pressure according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows seismic velocity fine processing, the schematic diagram of inversion technique before the pore pressure prediction according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows that application according to the present invention Gardner formula ask for speed and then obtain showing for overlying formation pressure
It is intended to.
Fig. 4 show according to present invention determine that Eaton indexes error rate schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although the present invention is shown in accompanying drawing
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention without the embodiment party that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of method for predicting formation pore pressure, and this method includes：
Step 101, obtain the seismic interval velocity v in work area and the Eton index of multiple opening positions is obtained based on well-log information
ni, subscript i represents the numbering of each position, i=1,2 ..., N, N represent the number of the position that is included in the multiple position
Amount；
Step 102, based on making E in following formula2Minimum principle is determined in work area between Eton index n and seismic interval velocity v
Relation n=p (v)：
Wherein, viThe seismic interval velocity of corresponding position is represented, n=p (v) is from default letter
Manifold selects in closing；
Step 103, in work area, her in work area is obtained based on seismic interval velocity v and the functional relation n=p (v) determined
Pause index n；
Step 104, based on the formation pore pressure P in following formula prediction work areap：
Pp=Sv-(Sv-Ph)(v/vnorm), wherein, SvFor overlying formation pressure, Ph is hydrostatic pressure, vnormFor positive normal pressure
Interval velocity in the case of reality.
In the present embodiment, by Eaton formula predictions formation pore pressures, and take into full account anisotropic formation to hole
The influence of key parameter (such as Eaton indexes), substantially increases precision of prediction in pressure prediction formula.
In one embodiment, in the default function set can include it is following in it is part or all of：Linearly
Fitting function, quadratic function, exponential function, power function, logarithmic function.Those skilled in the art can rule of thumb and actual conditions
Functional form included in function set is set.
In one embodiment, can be determined using least square method in work area between Eton index n and seismic interval velocity v
Relation n=p (v).
In one embodiment, the seismic interval velocity v can be obtained by following method：Carry out at normal-moveout spectrum
Reason and adjustment are explained；Carry out residual velocity analysis；Enter row constraint velocity inversion；Interval velocity correction is carried out, obtains the earthquake layer
Speed v.
In one embodiment, the overlying formation pressure SvIt can be obtained by following method：Based on well logging
Data is fitted to obtain Gardner coefficients；The density in work area is obtained based on the seismic interval velocity and using Gardner formula；
The overlying formation pressure S is obtained based on the densityv。
Application example
Fig. 2 shows seismic velocity fine processing, the schematic diagram of inversion technique before the pore pressure prediction according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows that application according to the present invention Gardner formula ask for speed and then obtain the schematic diagram of overlying formation pressure.Fig. 4
Show according to present invention determine that Eaton indexes error rate schematic diagram.
The present invention can be system, method and/or computer program product.Computer program product can include computer
Readable storage medium storing program for executing, containing for making processor realize the computer-readable program instructions of various aspects of the invention.
It is described above various embodiments of the present invention, described above is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.In the case of without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes will be apparent from for the those of ordinary skill in art field.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for predicting formation pore pressure, this method include：
Obtain the seismic interval velocity v in work area and the Eton index n of multiple opening positions is obtained based on well-log informationi, subscript i expressions
The numbering of each position, i=1,2 ..., N, N represent the quantity of the position that is included in the multiple position；
Based on making E in following formula2Minimum principle determines the relation n=p (v) in work area between Eton index n and seismic interval velocity v：
Wherein, viThe seismic interval velocity of corresponding position is represented, n=p (v) is from default collection of functions
Selected in conjunction；
In work area, the Eton index n in the range of work area is obtained based on seismic interval velocity v and the functional relation n=p (v) determined；
Based on the formation pore pressure P in following formula prediction work areap：
Pp=Sv-(Sv-Ph)(v/vnorm), wherein, SvFor overlying formation pressure, Ph is hydrostatic pressure, vnormFor positive normal pressure truth
Interval velocity under condition.
2. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, the default function set include it is following in part or entirely
Portion：Linear fit function, quadratic function, exponential function, power function, logarithmic function.
3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, Eton index n and earthquake layer in work area are determined using least square method
Relation n=p (v) between speed v.
4. according to the method for claim 1, wherein, the seismic interval velocity v is obtained by following method：
Carry out normal-moveout spectrum processing and adjustment is explained；
Carry out residual velocity analysis；
Enter row constraint velocity inversion；
Interval velocity correction is carried out, obtains the seismic interval velocity v.
5. the method according to claim 11, wherein, the overlying formation pressure SvObtained by following method：
It is fitted to obtain Gardner coefficients based on well-log information；
The density v in work area is obtained based on the seismic interval velocity v and using Gardner formula；
The overlying formation pressure S is obtained based on the densityv。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108562938A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and system for eliminating frequency dispersion effect |
| CN108594305A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-09-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Shale reservoir gas-bearing property analysis method and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108562938A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and system for eliminating frequency dispersion effect |
| CN108562938B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-09-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and system for eliminating frequency dispersion effect |
| US10921477B2 (en) | 2018-03-23 | 2021-02-16 | Petrochina Company Limited | Method, apparatus, and system for eliminating frequency dispersion effect |
| CN108594305A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-09-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院 | Shale reservoir gas-bearing property analysis method and device |
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