CN107604012B - Biomass raw material pretreatment method based on high-frequency oscillation electromagnetic field - Google Patents
Biomass raw material pretreatment method based on high-frequency oscillation electromagnetic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A biomass raw material pretreatment method based on a high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field comprises the following steps: firstly, conveying a biomass raw material to be treated into a treatment tank; secondly, filling a gas medium into the treatment tank until the pressure in the treatment tank reaches 0.1-10 MPa; then, sealing the treatment tank, applying 0.3-300 GHz high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the treatment tank, and enabling high-frequency oscillation electromagnetic fields formed by the high-frequency electromagnetic waves to act on a pressurized gas medium to enable gas molecules with high energy to vibrate and impact the surface and the interior of the biomass raw material so as to destroy cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the biomass raw material; then, simultaneously releasing the biomass raw material and the gas medium in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank for gas-solid separation treatment; and finally, conveying the separated biomass raw material to a collection tank for storage for later use, and finishing pretreatment of the biomass raw material. The method has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency and environmental friendliness, and has a good industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a biomass raw material pretreatment technology, in particular to a biomass raw material pretreatment method based on a high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field.
Background
Biomass refers to all organic substances formed by converting solar energy and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, including agricultural products and crop straws, wood and wood waste, energy plants, and the like. During the growth process, the plants store solar energy in the form of carbohydrates by photosynthesis, and the stored solar energy is converted into a directly utilizable fuel energy source by a suitable method. China is one of the most abundant countries of plant resources in the world, has various plant resources from tropical zone, subtropical zone, temperate zone to frigid zone, and only higher plants have more than 30000 species, and the abundant biodiversity of China cannot be reached by most countries in the world. More than 9 hundred million farmers in China, also big agricultural countries, have abundant crop straw biological resources. According to statistics, the yield of straws in China is 7 hundred million tons every year, and the straws live at the first of the world. Wherein the grain crop stalks account for about 90.5 percent of the total amount of the stalks, mainly comprise rice stalks, wheat stalks and corn stalks, wherein the corn stalks account for about 36.7 percent, the rice straw stalks account for about 27.5 percent, and the wheat stalks account for about 15.2 percent. However, crop straw produced annually, about 2800 million tons for paper, 2.13 million tons for feed or feed stock, 1.089 million tons lost in the field and collection process, leaving about 3.761 million tons to be directly incinerated or discarded. With the development of agricultural modernization, the numbers are increased year by year, but due to the complex components of biomass and the difficult degradation of main components of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, serious resource waste and environmental pollution are caused.
While the economy in the world is rapidly developed, the problems of resource shortage, energy shortage and environmental pollution are faced worldwide. Existing energy sources and chemical industries rely heavily on petroleum, coal and natural gas, but the environmental problems caused by these fossil energy sources are becoming increasingly prominent, and the reserves are limited, which human beings have to face. Therefore, the development of the technology for producing electric power, fuel and chemicals by using biomass as a raw material has important significance for relieving energy crisis and protecting the environment. However, an important link that restricts the efficient utilization of biomass is the pretreatment process, in which if the biomass can be decomposed or separated to the maximum extent, the efficiency of the subsequent conversion of the biomass can be increased to the maximum extent.
In recent years, researchers have developed a number of methods for pretreating biomass, including physical, chemical, biological, or a combination of methods. The main purpose of these pretreatment methods is to break the hemicellulose and lignin sheaths of microfibrils in the plant cell wall, to expose the plant to the maximum surface, to provide more material transfer and energy transfer channels for the biomass conversion process, and to improve the conversion efficiency.
According to the high-efficiency energy-saving biomass crusher in the prior art, rod-shaped or blocky biomass such as branches and scattered woods can be directly fed while the original shape is kept, and the pretreatment problem of high-waxy, long-fiber and lignification-degree high-biomass raw materials is effectively solved by performing primary crushing pretreatment and then cutting and crushing; the advantages of such mechanical crushing or comminution are simplicity, but the energy consumption is high, the mechanical wear is severe, and the high treatment costs are the main disadvantages of such processes.
One prior art approach is a combined pretreatment of biomass with ionic liquids and alkali liquors: after the lignocellulose biomass is pretreated by combining ionic liquid and alkali liquor, a solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain a solid-phase pretreated sample which is rich in cellulose and little in lignin, and a liquid phase is a mixture of the ionic liquid, the alkali and the like. Although the biomass is pretreated by adopting a chemical method, the polymerization degree of cellulose can be reduced, and hydrogen bonds and chemical bonds among cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose can be damaged, the problems that acid liquor, alkali liquor and gas organic reagents required by the chemical method are expensive, difficult to recover and easy to cause environmental pollution are solved, and further exploration is needed.
One prior art is biomass briquette fuel prepared by anaerobic fermentation modification of corn straws and a preparation method thereof: the mechanical durability of the formed fuel can be improved by carrying out 10-20D anaerobic fermentation on pretreated corn straws serving as a raw material, magnesium carbonate serving as an anti-slagging agent reacts with elements such as Si, K, Na and the like which are inherent in the corn straws and can cause slagging in the combustion process to generate a new compound K2Mg(SO4)2The basic copper carbonate, bleaching powder and the like are used as ignition combustion-supporting agents, so that the ignition point of the biomass fuel is reduced, the combustion efficiency and heat energy of the fuel are improved, and the prepared formed fuel is low in cost, free of slag bonding and low in energy consumption. Although the biological method for pretreating the biomass has low energy consumption and proper cost, and is environment-friendlyThe influence is not great, but the action period is longer, and the growth conditions of the microorganisms for degrading the biomass are harsh, so that the industrial application prospect is not wide.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high treatment cost, easy environmental pollution, overlong treatment period and the like in the conventional biomass raw material pretreatment technology, and provides a biomass raw material pretreatment method based on a high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field, which has the characteristics of low cost, high efficiency and environmental friendliness, has a good industrial application prospect, and can play a positive promotion role in breaking the bottleneck of the conventional biomass application.
In order to achieve the purpose, the biomass raw material pretreatment method based on the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, conveying a biomass raw material to be treated into a treatment tank;
2) secondly, filling a gas medium into the treatment tank until the pressure in the treatment tank reaches 0.1-10 MPa;
3) then, sealing the treatment tank, applying 0.3-300 GHz high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the treatment tank, and enabling high-frequency oscillation electromagnetic fields formed by the high-frequency electromagnetic waves to act on a pressurized gas medium to enable gas molecules with high energy to vibrate and impact the surface and the interior of the biomass raw material so as to destroy cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the biomass raw material;
4) then, simultaneously releasing the biomass raw material and the gas medium in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank for gas-solid separation treatment;
5) and finally, conveying the separated biomass raw material to a collection tank for storage for later use, and finishing pretreatment of the biomass raw material.
Preferably, in the step 1), the total volume of the biomass raw material conveyed into the treatment tank accounts for 50-95% of the volume of the inner cavity of the treatment tank. Thus, the biomass raw material can be treated as much as possible each time while ensuring a sufficient space for the gas medium and the biomass raw material to vibrate and impact.
Preferably, in the step 2), the pressure of the gas medium in the treatment tank is controlled to be 1.5-5.5 Mpa. Therefore, the device can ensure that the treatment tank is in a moderate pressure condition, can excite and generate enough high-energy gas molecules, and meets the requirement of carrying out high-frequency oscillation on the biomass raw material.
Preferably, in the step 2), the gas medium is a mixed gas composed of an inert gas and a reactive gas; the mole percentage of the two components in the mixed gas is as follows: 1-99% of inert gas and 1-99% of active gas.
Further, the preferred mole percentages of the two components in the mixed gas are: 25-75% of inert gas and 25-75% of active gas.
Further, in the step 2), the inert gas is one of air or nitrogen; the active gas is composed of polar gas molecules, and the polar gas molecules are H2O vapor and NH3Qi, CH3OH vapor, C2H5OH vapor, HCl gas, and CO gas.
Therefore, the characteristics of the inert gas and the active gas can be fully utilized, on one hand, the biomass raw material is completely melted in the mixed gas atmosphere formed by the inert gas and the active gas, so that gas molecules can be completely and stably permeated into cell gaps of the biomass raw material, on the other hand, the energy of the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field can be quickly transmitted to the polar gas molecules, the polar gas molecules are promoted to carry high energy to directly act on the biomass raw material, and the pretreatment efficiency of the raw material is improved.
Preferably, in the step 3), the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is controlled to 10 to 100 GHz.
Furthermore, in the step 3), the processing time of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is preferably controlled to be 30-600 s.
Furthermore, in the step 3), the processing time of the high frequency electromagnetic wave is preferably controlled to be 120 to 500 s.
Therefore, by optimally combining the frequency and the time of processing the biomass raw material by the high-frequency electromagnetic wave, the adopted electromagnetic wave generating device such as the microwave and the like can efficiently break fiber components in the biomass raw material under the working condition of lower power consumption, thereby obtaining better biomass raw material processing effect.
Preferably, in the step 4), the separated gas medium is re-conveyed to the treatment tank for recycling. Therefore, a large amount of gas media can be saved, the running cost of the whole pretreatment system is reduced, and the pollution of the gas media to the external environment can be greatly reduced.
Compared with the traditional physical method, chemical method and biological method, the biomass raw material pretreatment method based on the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field has the obvious advantages that: the biomass raw material is placed in a high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field under certain gas medium pressure, and gas medium molecules carrying high energy are promoted to vibrate and impact the surface and the interior of the biomass raw material under the action of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave, so that cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the biomass raw material can be effectively destroyed.
Particularly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas medium is a mixed gas composed of an inert gas and an active gas, the biomass raw material is in an atmosphere of the inert gas and the active gas, the two types of gas molecules can completely permeate into all cell gaps of the biomass raw material, energy is directly transmitted to active polar gas molecules in the gas atmosphere under the action of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave, and the polar gas molecules carrying high energy directly act on cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose in the biomass raw material to break hydrogen bonds between the cellulose, the lignin and the hemicellulose. Meanwhile, the polar gas molecules can also perform chemical reaction with cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose to destroy the chemical bonds of the cellulose, the lignin and the hemicellulose, so that the crystallinity and the regularity of the biomass raw material are reduced.
Practice shows that the pretreatment of the biomass raw material can increase the specific surface area of the biomass raw material by more than 100 percent, greatly improve the subsequent processing efficiency of the biomass raw material, greatly optimize the utilization rate of the biomass raw material, and have the industrial application prospect of low cost, high efficiency and environmental friendliness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the biomass raw material pretreatment method based on the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the process flow diagram and specific examples. In the examples, rice hulls and the like are used as biomass raw materials, and are not limited to the biomass raw materials in the claims.
Meanwhile, in the experimental process, the electric quantity consumed in the processes of gas medium compression and high-frequency electromagnetic wave working is recorded so as to be compared.
Example 1
5L of rice husks are added into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then the treatment tank is filled with air and H2The mixed gas consists of O vapor, wherein the molar percentage of the components is as follows: 99% of air, H2O steam is 1 percent until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 0.1 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 0.3GHz, and keeping for 600 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; separated air and H2After the pressure of the O steam is increased by the compressor, the O steam is returned and conveyed into the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participates in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; and conveying the pretreated rice hulls obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample I.
Example 2
9.5L of rice husks are added into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then, nitrogen and NH were charged into the treatment tank3The gas composition mixed gas comprises the following components in percentage by mole: nitrogen 1%, NH399% of gas until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 10 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 300GHz, and keeping for 30 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; separated nitrogen and NH3After the pressure of the gas is increased by the compressor, the gas is returned and conveyed to the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participates in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; separating the obtained pretreatmentAnd conveying the rice hulls to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample II.
Example 3
Adding 9L of rice husks into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then, nitrogen and CH were introduced into the treatment tank3The mixed gas consists of OH vapor, wherein the molar percentage of the components is as follows: 50% of nitrogen, CH3OH steam is 50 percent until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 1 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 1GHz, and keeping for 500 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; separated nitrogen and CH3After the pressure of the OH steam is increased by the compressor, the OH steam is returned and conveyed into the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participates in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; and conveying the pretreated rice hulls obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample III.
Example 4
Adding 8L of rice husks into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then, nitrogen and C were charged into the treatment tank2H5The mixed gas consists of OH vapor, wherein the molar percentage of the components is as follows: 75% of nitrogen, C2H5OH steam 25% until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 2 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 10GHz, and keeping for 400 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; separated nitrogen and C2H5After the pressure of the OH steam is increased by the compressor, the OH steam is returned and conveyed into the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participates in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; and conveying the pretreated rice hulls obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample IV.
Example 5
Adding 7L of rice husks into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then filling mixed gas consisting of nitrogen and HCl gas into the treatment tank, wherein the molar percentages of the components are as follows: 83.3 percent of nitrogen and 16.7 percent of HCl gas until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 3 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 10GHz, and keeping for 300 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; the separated nitrogen and HCl gas are pressurized by a compressor and then returned to the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participate in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; and conveying the pretreated rice hulls obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample V.
Example 6
6L of rice husks are added into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then filling mixed gas consisting of nitrogen and CO gas into the treatment tank, wherein the molar percentages of the components are as follows: 87.5 percent of nitrogen and 12.5 percent of CO gas until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 4 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 100GHz, and keeping for 200 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; the separated nitrogen and CO gas are pressurized by a compressor and then returned to the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participate in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; and conveying the pretreated rice hulls obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample VI.
Example 7
Adding 9L of rice husks into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then charging air and NH into the treatment tank3The mixed gas comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 66.7% of air, NH333.3 percent of gas until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 1.5 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 5GHz, and keeping the frequency for 120 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the rice hulls and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; separated air and NH3After the pressure of the gas is increased by the compressor, the gas is returned and conveyed into the treatment tank, and continues to circularly participate in the pretreatment of the rice hulls; and conveying the pretreated rice hulls obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage, thereby obtaining a sample VII.
Example 8
Adding 9L of peanut shells into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then, nitrogen and NH were charged into the treatment tank3The gas composition mixed gas comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 50% of nitrogen, NH3Gas 50% until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 1 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 1GHz, and keeping for 500 seconds; opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the peanut shells and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; separated nitrogen and NH3After the pressure of the gas is increased by the compressor, the gas is returned and conveyed into the treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participates in the pretreatment of the peanut shells; and conveying the pretreated peanut shells obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage for later use to obtain a sample VIII.
Example 9
Adding 6L of wheat straw into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then filling mixed gas consisting of nitrogen and HCl gas into the treatment tank, wherein the molar percentages of the components are as follows: 87.5 percent of nitrogen and 12.5 percent of HCl gas until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 4 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 100GHz, and keeping for 200 seconds; then opening a discharge port of the treatment tank, and releasing the wheat straws and the mixed gas in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank under the action of pressure difference to perform gas-solid separation treatment; the separated nitrogen and HCl gas are pressurized by a compressor and then returned to the treatment tank to continue to circularly participate in the pretreatment of the wheat straws; and conveying the pretreated wheat straws obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage to obtain a sample IX.
Example 10
Adding 5L of branch subjected to cutting treatment into a treatment tank with the volume of 10L; then the treatment tank is filled with air and H2The mixed gas consists of O vapor, wherein the molar percentage of the components is as follows: 99% of air, H2O steam is 1 percent until the pressure of the treatment tank reaches 0.1 Mpa; sealing the treatment tank, opening the electromagnetic wave generating device, setting the frequency of the electromagnetic wave to be 0.3GHz, and keeping for 600 seconds; then the discharge hole of the treatment tank is opened, and under the action of pressure difference, the branches in the treatment tank are made to flowReleasing the mixed gas into a gas-solid separation tank for gas-solid separation treatment; separated air and H2The O vapor is pressurized by a compressor and then returned to be conveyed into a treatment tank, and continuously and circularly participates in the pretreatment of the branches; and conveying the pretreated branches obtained by separation to a collection tank for storage to obtain a sample X.
Comparative example 1
The 9L rice hulls were crushed using a conventional ball mill. Samples were taken for 300 seconds, 600 seconds, 900 seconds, respectively, and the amount of power consumed by the machine at 300 seconds, 600 seconds, 900 seconds was recorded.
Specific surface, bulk density, water content, and specific data of consumed electric power of the samples obtained in examples 1 to 7 and comparative example 1 are shown in table 1.
Table 1 shows the results of testing samples of examples and comparative examples
It can be seen from the data in table 1 that the specific surface of the rice hull is increased by several times after the rice hull is treated by the method of the present invention, because the active gas permeates into the intercellular spaces of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the rice hull in the pressurized gas atmosphere, then the electromagnetic wave directly transfers the energy to the active gas, the chemical reaction is generated under the action of the high energy of the active gas, the hydrogen bonds and chemical bonds among the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are directly destroyed, and then the macroscopic form of the rice hull is drastically changed by the release of the pressure and the physical impact effect of the inert gas molecules. Because the rice hulls contain free water, water molecules can carry energy under the action of electromagnetic waves, and hydrogen bonds and chemical bonds in the rice hulls are promoted to hydrolyze.
In comparative example 1, the rice husk is only acted on physically, the action effect is obviously not as good as the damage to hydrogen bonds and chemical bonds in the rice husk on the molecular level, and huge energy consumption exists, which can be reflected by the data of 'power consumption' in table 1.
Comparative example 2
A traditional ball mill is used for crushing 9L peanut shells, 6L wheat straws and 5L branches. Samples of peanut shells for 500 seconds, straw for 200 seconds and branches for 600 seconds are respectively taken, and the electric quantity consumed by the machine is recorded.
Specific surface, bulk density, water content, and specific data of consumed electric power of the samples obtained in examples 8 to 10 and comparative example 2 are shown in Table 2
Table 2 shows the results of the tests on the samples of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the method of the invention can be used for treating other biomasses such as peanut shells, wheat straws and branches, and can also obtain obvious pretreatment effect and obviously reduce energy consumption.
Claims (4)
1. A biomass raw material pretreatment method based on a high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) firstly, conveying a biomass raw material to be treated into a treatment tank;
2) secondly, filling a gas medium into the treatment tank until the pressure in the treatment tank reaches 1.5-5.5 MPa;
3) then, sealing the treatment tank, applying 0.3-300 GHz high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the treatment tank, and enabling high-frequency oscillation electromagnetic fields formed by the high-frequency electromagnetic waves to act on a pressurized gas medium to enable gas molecules with high energy to vibrate and impact the surface and the interior of the biomass raw material so as to destroy cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in the biomass raw material;
4) then, simultaneously releasing the biomass raw material and the gas medium in the treatment tank into a gas-solid separation tank for gas-solid separation treatment;
5) finally, conveying the separated biomass raw material to a collection tank for storage for later use, and finishing pretreatment of the biomass raw material;
in the step 2), the gas medium is a mixed gas consisting of inert gas and active gas; the mole percentage of the two components in the mixed gas is as follows: 25-75% of inert gas and 25-75% of active gas; in the step 2), the inert gas is one of air or nitrogen; the active gas is composed of polar gas molecules, which are H2O vapor and NH3Qi, CH3OH vapor, C2H5One of OH vapor, HCl gas and CO gas;
and in the step 3), the processing time of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is controlled to be 120-500 s.
2. The method for pretreating the biomass raw material based on the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 1), the total volume of the biomass raw material conveyed into the treatment tank accounts for 50-95% of the volume of the inner cavity of the treatment tank.
3. The method for pretreating the biomass raw material based on the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the step 3), controlling the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave to be 10-100 GHz.
4. The method for pretreating the biomass raw material based on the high-frequency oscillating electromagnetic field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step 4), the separated gas medium is conveyed into the treatment tank again for recycling.
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