Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.
Relative terms, such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top," may be used in embodiments to describe a relative relationship of one component of an icon to another component. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, components described as being on the "lower" side will be components on the "upper" side. Further, when a layer is "on" another layer or a substrate, it may mean "directly on" the other layer or the substrate, or that the layer is on the other layer or the substrate, or that the other layer is interposed between the other layer and the substrate.
The invention provides a boarding bridge lifting device, which is used for realizing the rapid descending of a boarding bridge and comprises a boarding bridge mechanism 10, a rapid descending mechanism 20 and a control mechanism 30.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the boarding bridge mechanism 10 includes a beam 11, two inner tubes 12 fixed on the beam 11, two outer tubes 13 slidably sleeved outside the inner tubes 12, and a boarding bridge passage 14 fixedly connected between the two outer tubes 13.
The quick descending mechanism 20 comprises hydraulic cylinders 21, at least one hydraulic cylinder 21 is arranged outside each outer sleeve 13, a cylinder body 211 of each hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected with the outer sleeve 13, a piston 212 of each hydraulic cylinder 21 is slidably positioned in the cylinder body 211, the part, above the piston 212, in the cylinder body 211 is an upper oil chamber C1, and the part, below the piston 212, in the cylinder body 211 is a lower oil chamber C2.
As shown in fig. 6, the control mechanism 30 includes a solenoid valve 31, and the solenoid valve 31 is capable of controlling on/off of the first oil passage L1 between the upper oil chamber C1 and the lower oil chamber C2.
When the cylinder body 211 is at the first position, the electromagnetic valve 31 is closed, the first oil path L1 between the upper oil chamber C1 and the lower oil chamber C2 is cut off, the oil amount in the upper oil chamber C1 and the oil amount in the lower oil chamber C2 are not changed, and the boarding bridge 14 is in a normal state, i.e., a state of not descending, as shown in fig. 3a and 3 b; when the electromagnetic valve 31 is opened, the first oil passage L1 between the upper oil chamber C1 and the lower oil chamber C2 is communicated, the oil in the upper oil chamber C1 flows into the lower oil chamber C2, the cylinder body 211 descends from the first position to the second position, and the boarding bridge passage 14 is in a quick descent completion state, as shown in fig. 4a and 4 b.
Therefore, the boarding bridge lifting device controls the oil circuit of the hydraulic cylinder through the electromagnetic valve, the oil in the oil cavity limits the cylinder body under the normal state, the cylinder body and the outer sleeve of the hydraulic cylinder are kept at higher positions, when the control mechanism receives a signal to quickly drop, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the oil is allowed to flow between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the limit on the cylinder body is relieved, the outer sleeve and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder are driven to drop under the self-weight action of the boarding bridge, and the quick drop of the boarding bridge is completed.
Therefore, compared with the existing lifting mechanism which drives the screw rod to slide only through the motor so as to drive the outer sleeve and the boarding bridge to descend, the lifting mechanism has the advantages that the electromagnetic valve quickly responds to a descending instruction, the cylinder body descends immediately when the electromagnetic valve is opened, the outer sleeve and the boarding bridge descend synchronously, the reaction is quick in the whole process, the time is short, the boarding bridge descends quickly immediately before contacting with the cabin door, the contact with the cabin door is avoided, and the cabin door is prevented from being collided and damaged. Therefore, the boarding bridge lifting device can effectively protect the cabin door.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3a and 4b, two hydraulic cylinders 21 are symmetrically disposed outside each outer sleeve 13, and when the electromagnetic valve 31 is opened, the cylinders 211 of the two hydraulic cylinders 21 are synchronously lowered to the second position.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, when the cylinder block 211 is in the first position, the upper oil chamber C1 is filled with oil, and the piston 212 is at the lowest position in the cylinder block 211. As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, when the lower oil chamber C2 is filled with oil and the piston 212 is at the highest position in the cylinder block 211, the cylinder block 211 is at the second position.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the fast descending mechanism 20 further includes a top cover 22 and a transition sleeve 23, the top cover 22 is located above the outer sleeve 13, the transition sleeve 23 is fixed on the lower surface of the top cover 22 and is sleeved outside the outer sleeve 13, the cylinder 211 is hinged to the outer sleeve 13, and the piston 212 is hinged to the transition sleeve 23. Because the hydraulic cylinder 21 is respectively hinged with the outer sleeve 13 and the transition sleeve 23, when the hydraulic cylinder 21 is installed and inclined, and cannot be lifted vertically, the hydraulic cylinder 21 is allowed to rotate relative to the outer sleeve 13 and the transition sleeve 23 in the movement process, and the movement is prevented from being blocked. The connection mode of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is not limited to this, and may be fixed connection, bolt connection, or the like, and any mode capable of achieving mechanical connection is included in the scope of the present application.
In this embodiment, the inner circumference of the transition sleeve 23 is provided with a first baffle 231, and the outer circumference of the upper end of the outer sleeve 13 is provided with a second baffle 131; during the process of lowering the cylinder 211 from the first position, the second baffle 131 descends along with the outer sleeve 13 onto the first baffle 231, and is stopped by the first baffle 231, and the cylinder 211 is at the second position, as shown in fig. 4a and 4 b.
In this embodiment, the lower surface of second baffle 131 is provided with buffer block 132, when second baffle 131 descends onto first baffle 231 along with outer sleeve 13, buffer block 132 directly contacts first baffle 231, and buffer block 132 may be rubber, so as to reduce the impact on hydraulic cylinder 21 when boarding bridge descends quickly.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment can not only realize the above-mentioned rapid descending, but also perform normal ascending and descending, and the mechanism and operation related to the normal ascending and descending will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the boarding bridge lifting device further includes a normal lifting mechanism 40, which includes a motor 41 and a screw pair 42, the motor 41 is fixed above the top cover 22, a screw 421 of the screw pair 42 is fixedly connected with an output shaft 411 of the motor 41, and a nut 422 of the screw pair 42 is in threaded connection with the screw 421 and is fixedly connected with the inner sleeve 12; a first bearing 43 is arranged between the top cover 22 and the screw rod. When the cylinder 211 is at the second position, the output shaft 411 of the motor 41 rotates in the first direction to lower the lead screw 421, and the upper cover, the driving transition sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 13 are lowered accordingly. A bushing 44 and a second bearing 45 may be disposed below the nut 422, the bushing 44 is fixed below the nut 422 and sleeved on the outer circumference of the screw 421, and the second bearing 45 is disposed below the bushing 44. The first bearing 43 and the second bearing 45 may be self-aligning bearings to allow slight radial movement during sliding of the lead screw 421, preventing the lead screw 421 from being broken.
In this embodiment, the lower end of the inner tube 12 is provided with a stopper 15, and when the outer tube 13 descends to be stopped by the stopper 15, the cylinder 211 is in the third position, as shown in fig. 5a and 5 b. The stopping portion 15 is in the form of a boss in the embodiment, however, the structure of the stopping portion 15 is not limited to this, for example, other protruding structures may be provided outside the inner sleeve 12, and therefore, it should be understood that any structure capable of realizing a stopping function is covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 5a and 5b, when the cylinder 211 is in the third position, the output shaft 411 of the motor 41 continues to rotate in the first direction, so that the lead screw 421 descends, the outer sleeve 13 is stopped by the stopping portion 15 and cannot descend, and the piston 212 can descend to return to the lowest position in the cylinder 211, i.e. the initial position, as shown in fig. 2a and 2 b.
After the boarding bridge is completely descended, the boarding bridge lifting device needs to be restored to the normal position as shown in fig. 3a and 3b for the next use. The motor 41 can be reversed to raise the lead screw 421, and the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the outer sleeve 13 in the boarding bridge lifting device shown in fig. 2a and 2b are driven to rise. The present embodiment can be implemented in the following manner.
In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic valve 31 may be a one-way electromagnetic valve, when the electromagnetic valve 31 is closed, the oil in the cylinder block 211 is allowed to flow from the lower oil chamber C2 to the upper oil chamber C1, while the oil in the upper oil chamber C1 cannot flow to the lower oil chamber C2; when the electromagnetic valve 31 is opened, the oil in the cylinder block 211 is allowed to flow between the upper oil chamber C1 and the lower oil chamber C2.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, when the cylinder block 211 is at the third position and the piston 212 descends to the lowest position in the cylinder block 211, the solenoid valve 31 is closed, and thus, the oil in the upper oil chamber C1 cannot flow to the lower oil chamber C2, so that the cylinder block 211 cannot move relative to the piston 212. At this time, the output shaft 411 of the motor 41 rotates in the second direction to lift the lead screw 421, the piston 212 lifts therewith, and the cylinder 211 and the outer sleeve 13 are lifted to the first position of the cylinder 211, as shown in fig. 3a and 3 b. Wherein the second direction is opposite to the first direction. Thereby, the boarding bridge elevating apparatus is restored to the normal state as shown in fig. 3a and 3 b.
In this embodiment, the quick drop mechanism 20 further includes a hinge holder 24, which includes a first hinge portion 241 and a second hinge portion 242, one end of the first hinge portion 241 is hinged to the transition sleeve 23 at a first hinge point, one end of the second hinge portion 242 is hinged to the outer sleeve 13 at a second hinge point, the other end of the first hinge portion 241 is hinged to the other end of the second hinge portion 242, and the first hinge point is parallel to the axis of the second hinge point.
The torque generated by the motor 41 is transmitted to the transition sleeve 23, and then from the transition sleeve 23 to the outer sleeve 13 via the hinge holder 24. The inner sleeve 12, the outer sleeve 13 and the transition sleeve 23 are polygonal with the same shape, and each side of the outer sleeve 13 and the transition sleeve 23 is provided with the hinge retainer 24. Since the inner sleeve 12 is fixed, the outer sleeve 13 will not rotate, and the hinge holder 24 can prevent the motor 41 and the transition sleeve 23 from unnecessary rotation, thereby stopping rotation. Meanwhile, the hinge holder 24 prevents the transition sleeve 23 and the outer sleeve 13 from being deviated from each other, and maintains the positional relationship therebetween.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the inner sleeve 12 and the outer sleeve 13 are both provided with the slider 16, and the slider 16 is located between the inner sleeve 12 and the outer sleeve 13. Therefore, the outer sleeve 13 is prevented from rubbing against the inner sleeve 12 when moving, and smooth sliding of the outer sleeve 13 outside the inner sleeve 12 is ensured. Among them, the slide block 16 may be uniformly arranged between the inner sleeve 12 and the outer sleeve 13. For example, the inner and outer sleeves 13 are square tubes, and the sliders 16 may be disposed on four surfaces of the square tubes. It should be noted that the position and number of the sliders 16 are not limited thereto, and may be located in the middle of the inner sleeve 12. The sliders 16 may be disposed on the inner and outer sleeves 13, respectively, or may be disposed entirely on the inner sleeve 12 or the outer sleeve 13.
FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of a hydraulic system diagram. In the present embodiment, the control mechanism 30 may further include a throttle valve 32, which is located on the first oil passage L1, for example, downstream of the solenoid valve 31, and which controls the flow rate of oil from the upper oil chamber C1 into the lower oil chamber C2, thereby controlling the fast descent speed of the outer sleeve 13.
As shown in fig. 6, control mechanism 30 may further include a first relief valve 33 on a second oil passage L2 connected in parallel with first oil passage L1, and when first relief valve 33 is opened, oil in upper oil chamber C1 is allowed to flow into lower oil chamber C2 via second oil passage L2. Therefore, when the oil pressure in the upper oil chamber C1 becomes excessive, the first relief valve 33 can be opened to release part of the oil in the upper oil chamber C1 to ensure the safety of the apparatus. For example, when the outer sleeve 13 on one side is accidentally lowered due to a fault, the first overflow valve 33 on the other side can be opened, so that the outer sleeve 13 on the other side is lowered, and the safety of the boarding bridge is ensured.
As shown in FIG. 6, the control mechanism 30 may also include an accumulator 34 for replenishing or absorbing hydraulic oil in the lower oil chamber C2.
FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of a hydraulic system diagram. In this embodiment, the boarding bridge lifting device further includes a power unit 50, and the energy storage device 34 is eliminated. As shown in fig. 7, the third oil passage L3 of the power unit 50 is connected in parallel to the first oil passage L1 of the control unit 30. The power unit 50 includes an oil tank 51, a filter 52, a hydraulic pump 53, a check valve 54, and a second relief valve 55; when the hydraulic pump 53 is operated, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 51 can be pressed into the upper oil chamber C1 of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and at the same time, the oil in the lower oil chamber C2 flows back into the oil tank 51, and the piston 212 descends to the lowest position in the cylinder body 211, that is, the quick-descent mechanism 20 returns to the initial position.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the control mechanism 30 may further include a travel switch 35 disposed on the outer wall of the transition sleeve 23, as shown in fig. 3a and 3b, when the cylinder 211 is in the first position, the travel switch 35 is not triggered; when the piston 212 of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is not at the lowest position of the cylinder 211, the stroke switch 35 is triggered to determine whether or not the boarding bridge 14 performs the quick descent operation. That is, when the travel switch 35 is triggered, the worker is notified that the boarding bridge gate 14 is performing the quick-lowering operation, and the worker controls the boarding bridge elevating device to perform the subsequent normal elevating operation to return to the normal state.
In summary, the boarding bridge lifting device controls the oil path of the hydraulic cylinder through the electromagnetic valve, in a normal state, oil in the oil cavity limits the cylinder body, so that the cylinder body and the outer sleeve of the hydraulic cylinder are both kept at a higher position, when the control mechanism receives a signal to quickly drop, the electromagnetic valve is opened, oil is allowed to flow between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the limit on the cylinder body is removed, the outer sleeve and the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder are driven to drop under the self-weight action of the boarding bridge, and the quick drop of the boarding bridge is completed. Therefore, compared with the existing lifting mechanism which drives the screw rod to slide only through the motor so as to drive the outer sleeve and the boarding bridge to descend, the lifting mechanism has the advantages that the electromagnetic valve quickly responds to a descending instruction, the cylinder body descends immediately when the electromagnetic valve is opened, the outer sleeve and the boarding bridge descend synchronously, the reaction is quick in the whole process, the time is short, the boarding bridge descends quickly immediately before contacting with the cabin door, the contact with the cabin door is avoided, and the cabin door is prevented from being collided and damaged. Therefore, the boarding bridge lifting device can effectively protect the cabin door.
While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.