CN107598360A - The method that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser - Google Patents
The method that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, follow the steps below：First, mild steel raw material is cut successively, grinding and buffing, obtains mild steel print；Then, the surface of mild steel print is cleaned by ultrasonic successively using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol；The position of condenser lens is adjusted again, makes femtosecond laser line focus lensing in the surface of mild steel print；Finally, femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, obtain the mild steel print with super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface.Using above method, the mild steel with super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface can not only be obtained, Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable, and preparation section is simple, controllability is strong, repeatability is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal surface modification, and in particular to one kind prepares the more work(of mild steel using femtosecond laser
The method on energy surface.
Background technology
Mild steel (especially Q235 carbon structural steels) is cheap, has good comprehensive mechanical property and machinery
Performance, it is widely used in military and civilian technology field.With the Belt and Road and " proposition of the concept of made in China 2025 ", respectively
Each industry of row is wide to mild steel demand prospect.Surface modification (such as optical modifier, wettability modification etc.) is carried out to mild steel,
Mild steel multifunction surface is prepared, domestic and international study hotspot will be turned into.The multifunction surface of this mild steel can be used for stealthy
Technology, color guard technology, solar energy, product false proof, bioprobe, decoration, the field such as photoelectron and biological medicine.
It is desirable that super hydrophobic surface can be formed to the wettability modification of surface of low-carbon steel, (static contact angle is more than
150°).Oil and milk conveyance conduit are can be not only used for, realizes the effect of significantly drag reduction, and the cleaning of pipeline can be kept；Again may be used
For high and cold or rain-belt building waterproof and anti-accumulated snow, the drag reduction of ship and aircraft and speed-raising etc..
We it would also be desirable to be able to form light-absorbing surface or coloured surface to the optical modifier of surface of low-carbon steel.Wherein,
Mild steel can both eliminate veiling glare by its light-absorbing surface, so as to improve the resolution ratio of detector, can absorb radar wave again, from
And submarine and Stealth function are assigned, the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric etc. of thermophotovoltaic can be improved.In addition, mild steel passes through it
Coloured surface can realize the effect of colouring, both do not had to extra increase coating, mild steel is kept splendid thermal diffusivity, be not easy again
Occur to fade under severe or extreme condition or the problems such as.
At present, the method being modified to the surface progress optical modifier and wettability of mild steel can be divided into two classes：The first kind
It is to increase material technology, i.e., applies functional coating in surface of low-carbon steel, conventional method has sedimentation, spraying process and spin-coating method etc., this
The weak point of class method is that interface is obvious between top layer and matrix, and appearance and size increased compared with before processing, top layer with
It is firmly combined with degree between matrix and can influence its performance.Second class is subtracts material technology, i.e., by regulating and controlling surface of low-carbon steel
Physical and chemical performance and realize functionalization, conventional method have solution etching method, electrochemical etching process, surface mechanical treatment process with
And photolithographic masking process etc., such method weak point are preparation process poor controllabilities, it is difficult to obtain uniform outer surface and easily production
Raw internal stress defect, use chemical reagent or produce dust etc., process is numerous and diverse, and environment friendly is poor.
Solving problem above turns into the task of top priority.
The content of the invention
To solve above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of side that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser
Method, it can not only obtain the mild steel with super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface, and Stability Analysis of Structures is reliable,
And preparation section is simple, controllability is strong, repeatability is good.
To achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of method that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is characterized by, and enters according to following steps
OK：
S1：Mild steel raw material is cut successively, grinding and buffing, obtain mild steel print；
S2：The surface of mild steel print is cleaned by ultrasonic successively using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol；
S3：The position of condenser lens is adjusted, makes femtosecond laser line focus lensing in the surface of mild steel print, and make
Before mild steel print is positioned over Jiao of condenser lens；
S4：Femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, are obtained with super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface
Mild steel print.
Mild steel has good comprehensive mechanical property and mechanical performance, its intensity, plasticity and welding performance obtain compared with
Good cooperation, it is cheap, using very extensive in the production and living of people.Using above method, first by cutting
Grinding and buffing is carried out to the mild steel print of suitable size, then to its surface, so that the surface of mild steel print is smooth；Then
The pollutant on mild steel print surface is removed by deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol；After the completion of by adjusting the position of condenser lens
Make Femtosecond-Laser Pulse Excitation in the surface of mild steel print, relatively conventional cylindrical mirror or formation plasma by the way of condenser lens
The mode of filament, not only operates simpler, and cost is cheap, and versatility is good；Finally by adjustment femtosecond laser processing ginseng
Number, super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface are obtained on the surface of mild steel print；Whole method is simple to operate,
Efficiency high, controllability and repeatability are strong, in situ can prepare, green non-pollution is i.e. controllable by designing different technological parameters
The physical and chemical performance and microstructure of surface of low-carbon steel, preparation have multi-functional surface of low-carbon steel, have wide application
Prospect.
As preferred：In step S4, femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, make the micro-nano structure depth on mild steel print surface
For 0.1 μm~0.8 μm, super-hydrophobic coloured surface is obtained, the super-hydrophobic coloured surface has at least two colors.Use with top
Method, by changing viewing angle, the different colours such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple are presented in the surface of mild steel print, meanwhile,
Without any post-processing, the surface of carbon steel sample is in super-hydrophobic state, and static contact angle is more than 150 °.
As preferred：In step S4, femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, make the micro-nano structure depth on mild steel print surface
For 1 μm~3 μm, super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface is obtained, the super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface is black.Using above method, can both disappear
Except veiling glare, so as to improve the resolution ratio of detector, radar wave is can absorb again, so as to assign submarine and Stealth function,
Conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of thermophotovoltaic etc. can be improved；Meanwhile without any post-processing, the surface of carbon steel sample is in super thin
Water state, static contact angle are more than 150 °.
As preferred：Wave band reflectivity of the super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface in 200nm~1200nm is less than 0.01%,
Visible light wave range reflectivity is almost equal to zero, and further obviates veiling glare and radar wave, reduces reflection.
As preferred：In step S4, the femtosecond laser machined parameters comprise at least individual pulse energy, pulse width,
Centre wavelength, repetition rate and spot diameter, wherein, the individual pulse energy is 0.1mJ~2mJ, pulse width 35fs
~260fs, centre wavelength 800nm, repetition rate are 4Hz~1000Hz, the hot spot beam waist diameter of Gaussian spot for 200 μm~
400μm.Above method is used, so that mild steel print, which obtains, has super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface.
As preferred：In step S4, the mild steel print is fixed on three-dimensional electronic control translation stage, the automatically controlled translation of the three-dimensional
Platform can translate relative to the direction of propagation of femtosecond laser along y-axis and z-axis direction.Using above method, can accurately control low
The position of carbon steel print, so that femtosecond laser is accurately processed to it.
As preferred：The mild steel print is 1mm/s-20mm/s relative to the point-to-point speed of femtosecond laser.Use with
Upper method, accurately to control the micro-nano structure depth on mild steel print surface.
As preferred：The spacing of the femtosecond laser adjacent rows hot spot is equal to the beam waist diameter of hot spot.Use with top
Method, while ensure that mild steel print surface processing accuracy, improve processing efficiency.
As preferred：In step S2, mild steel print after deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol carry out surface clean, is adopted successively
Dried up with nitrogen, avoid the surface of mild steel print from aoxidizing.
As preferred：After the completion of step S4, mild steel print is cleaned using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol successively,
And dried up with nitrogen.Using above method, to remove the dirt on mild steel print surface, in favor of more enduringly keeping low-carbon
The physicochemical characteristics on steel print surface.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Using the method provided by the invention that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, simple to operate, efficiency
Height, controllability and repeatability are strong, in situ can prepare, green non-pollution, by designing the i.e. controllable low-carbon of different technological parameters
The physical and chemical performance and microstructure of steel surface, preparation have multi-functional surface of low-carbon steel, had broad application prospects.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the super-hydrophobic coloured surface of mild steel print；
Fig. 2 is the contact angle schematic diagram of the super-hydrophobic coloured surface of mild steel print；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface of mild steel print；
Fig. 4 is the contact angle schematic diagram of the super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface of mild steel print；
Fig. 5 is that mild steel print is formed before and after super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface, in the reflectivity pair of 200nm~1200nm wave bands
Than figure.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with accompanying drawing with reference to embodiments.
Following mild steel raw material preferably uses Q235 carbon structural steels, and it has good comprehensive mechanical property and machine
Tool performance, intensity, plasticity and welding performance are preferably coordinated, cheap, still, can also use the low of other models
Carbon steel.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of method that the super-hydrophobic coloured surface of mild steel is prepared using femtosecond laser, is had concurrently with the surface of low-carbon steel of acquisition
Structure colours and super-hydrophobic dual-use function, follows the steps below：
S1：Mild steel raw material is cut into 20mm × 20mm × 2mm square mild steel print, and (size and dimension can basis
Actual demand is adjusted), then first mild steel print is polished, then mild steel print is polished, make mild steel
The surface of print is smooth.
S2：The surface of mild steel print is cleaned by ultrasonic successively using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, is cleaned by ultrasonic
Time is respectively 10min, after the completion of, remove sample surfaces pollutant and dried up with nitrogen, also the other manner such as available air blows
It is dry, it is advantageous in that using nitrogen drying while avoid the surface of mild steel print from aoxidizing, relative inexpensiveness.
S3：The position of condenser lens is adjusted, makes femtosecond laser line focus lensing in the surface of mild steel print, and make
Before mild steel print is positioned over Jiao of condenser lens, relatively conventional cylindrical mirror or formation plasma are thin by the way of condenser lens
The mode of silk, not only operates simpler, and cost is cheap, and versatility is good.
S4：Femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, obtain the mild steel print with super-hydrophobic coloured surface.Wherein, it is described
Femtosecond laser machined parameters include：Femtosecond laser individual pulse energy is 0.7mJ, and the hot spot area with a tight waist of Gaussian spot is
0.1mm2, repetition rate 1000Hz, pulse width 35fs, centre wavelength 800nm, electronic control translation stage is along y and-y directions
Translational speed is 15mm/s, and polarization state is horizontal linear polarization (makes the process of femtosecond laser more controllable), adjacent rows light
Spot spacing is the beam waist diameter of hot spot.Mild steel print is under the drive of three-dimensional electronic control translation stage relative to femtosecond laser along y, z
Moved with-y directions, keep x directions constant in moving process, that is, keep the distance between condenser lens and mild steel print no
Become, three-dimensional electronic control translation stage single loop step is：After 21mm being moved with 15mm/s speed in the y-direction, movable in the z-direction one
The distance of individual spot diameter with a tight waist, 21mm distances are then moved along-y directions with 15mm/s speed again, it is last movable in the z-direction
The distance of the beam waist diameter of one hot spot.Above-mentioned move mode is repeated until completing the modification of whole surface, passes through adjustment
Laser processing parameter, it is 0.2 μm to control Wei Satisfied constructional depths.
S5：Deionized water and washes of absolute alcohol are used successively to the surface of low-carbon steel after laser treatment, and dried up with nitrogen.
Fig. 1 is referred to, by changing viewing angle, the different face such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple are presented in the surface of mild steel print
Color.Refer to Fig. 2, using microsyringe draw 4 μ l deionized waters, measure mild steel print super-hydrophobic coloured surface it is quiet
State contact angle, in the case of without any post-processing, super-hydrophobic coloured surface is in super-hydrophobic state, and contact angle is 154 °,
The hydrophobic performance of mild steel, which has to greatly improve, (to be increased to 154 ° by 88 °, improves about 75%).
Embodiment 2：
A kind of method that the super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface of mild steel is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is simultaneous with the surface of low-carbon steel of acquisition
Has super-hydrophobic and antireflective dual-use function, its method is substantially the same with embodiment 1, and the main distinction is：
S4：Femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, obtain the mild steel print with super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface.Wherein, institute
Stating femtosecond laser machined parameters includes：Femtosecond laser individual pulse energy is 1.0mJ, and the hot spot area with a tight waist of Gaussian spot is
0.1mm2, repetition rate 1000Hz, pulse width 35fs, centre wavelength 800nm, three-dimensional electronic control translation stage is along y and-y
Direction translational speed is 1mm/s, and polarization state is horizontal linear polarization (makes the process of femtosecond laser more controllable), adjacent rows
Hot spot spacing is the beam waist diameter of hot spot.Mild steel print under the drive of three-dimensional electronic control translation stage relative to femtosecond laser along y,
Z and-y directions are moved, and keep x directions constant in moving process, that is, keep the distance between condenser lens and sample constant.It is automatically controlled
Translation stage single loop step is：After moving 21mm in the y-direction with 1mm/s speed, a hot spot with a tight waist movable in the z-direction is straight
The distance in footpath, 21mm distances are then moved along-y directions with 1mm/s speed again, the beam of a last hot spot movable in the z-direction
The distance of waist diameter.Above-mentioned move mode is repeated until completing the modification of whole surface, by adjusting laser processing parameter,
It is 2 μm to control Wei Satisfied constructional depths.
S5：Deionized water and washes of absolute alcohol are used successively to the surface of low-carbon steel after laser treatment, and dried up with nitrogen.
Fig. 3 is referred to, prepared sample surfaces are visually observed as black.Fig. 4 is referred to, 4 μ l deionizations are drawn using microsyringe
Water, measure the static contact angle of the low reflecting surface of mild steel print, in the case of without any post-processing, low reflection table
The contact angle in face is 156 °, and superhydrophobic characteristic is presented in low reflecting surface.
Refer to Fig. 5, the figure be processed through femtosecond laser the low reflecting surface of front and rear mild steel print 200nm~
The reflectivity comparison diagram of 1200nm wave bands.As a result show, after laser treatment, wave band of the mild steel in 200nm~1200nm reflects
Rate is less than 0.01% (for the fluctuation at 320nm to change caused by lamp, the fluctuation at 900nm is to change caused by detector), or even visible
Optical band reflectivity is almost equal to zero, and has good reflection preventing ability.
Finally it should be noted that foregoing description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the ordinary skill people of this area
Member on the premise of without prejudice to present inventive concept and claim, can make table as multiple types under the enlightenment of the present invention
Show, such conversion is each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is characterised in that follow the steps below：S1：Mild steel raw material is cut successively, grinding and buffing, obtain mild steel print；S2：The surface of mild steel print is cleaned by ultrasonic successively using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol；S3：The position of condenser lens is adjusted, makes femtosecond laser line focus lensing in the surface of mild steel print, and make low-carbon Before steel print is positioned over Jiao of condenser lens；S4：Femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, obtain the low-carbon with super-hydrophobic coloured surface or super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface Steel print.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid S4, femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, the micro-nano structure depth for making mild steel print surface is 0.1 μm~0.8 μm, is obtained Super-hydrophobic coloured surface, the super-hydrophobic coloured surface have at least two colors.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid S4, femtosecond laser machined parameters are adjusted, the micro-nano structure depth for making mild steel print surface is 1 μm~3 μm, is obtained super thin The low reflecting surface of water, the super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface are black.
- 4. the method according to claim 3 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is characterised in that：Institute The wave band reflectivity that super-hydrophobic low reflecting surface is stated in 200nm~1200nm is less than 0.01%.
- 5. according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, its It is characterised by：In step S4, the femtosecond laser machined parameters comprise at least individual pulse energy, pulse width, centre wavelength, Repetition rate and spot diameter, wherein, the individual pulse energy is 0.1mJ~2mJ, and pulse width is 35fs~260fs, in The a length of 800nm of cardiac wave, repetition rate are 4Hz~1000Hz, and the hot spot beam waist diameter of Gaussian spot is 200 μm~400 μm.
- 6. according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, its It is characterised by：In step S4, the mild steel print is fixed on three-dimensional electronic control translation stage, and the three-dimensional electronic control translation stage being capable of phase Translated for the direction of propagation of femtosecond laser along y-axis and z-axis direction.
- 7. the method according to claim 6 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, it is characterised in that：Institute It is 1mm/s-20mm/s that mild steel print, which is stated, relative to the point-to-point speed of femtosecond laser.
- 8. according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, its It is characterised by：The spacing of the femtosecond laser adjacent rows hot spot is equal to the beam waist diameter of hot spot.
- 9. according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, its It is characterised by：In step S2, mild steel print after deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol carry out surface clean, is entered using nitrogen successively Row drying.
- 10. according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 that mild steel multifunction surface is prepared using femtosecond laser, It is characterized in that：After the completion of step S4, mild steel print is cleaned using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol successively.
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| CN109483058A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-03-19 | 吉林大学 | A method of rapid large-area remotely prepares super-hydrophobic antireflex structure on irregular metal curved surface |
| CN109825834A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-31 | 海安南京大学高新技术研究院 | The method for generating colour super-hydrophobic coating in stainless steel surface using digital control laser |
| CN109848551A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-06-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of method that ultrafast laser processing carbide-base ceramics surface micro-nano structure reduces light reflectivity |
| CN110116273A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-13 | 北京理工大学 | The method that femtosecond laser synergistic oxidation reaction prepares broad band anti-reflection structure |
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| CN109848551A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-06-07 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of method that ultrafast laser processing carbide-base ceramics surface micro-nano structure reduces light reflectivity |
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| CN110340532A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-18 | 南京理工大学 | A method of metallic copper super-hydrophobic surface is prepared using a step laser ablation |
| CN110405346A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-11-05 | 南京理工大学 | With the Metal Substrate method for preparing super-hydrophobic surface for strengthening dropwise condensation heat transfer |
| CN112310270A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-02-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Rapid surface treatment method of bismuth telluride-based material applied to thermoelectric device |
| CN112310270B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2022-02-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Rapid surface treatment method of bismuth telluride-based material applied to thermoelectric device |
| CN113118633A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing periodic microstructure on surface of titanium alloy through nanosecond laser irradiation |
| CN115894090A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-04-04 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Method for preparing high anti-reflection sub-wavelength structure on surface of brittle and hard material |
| CN115894090B (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2024-03-22 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Method for preparing high-reflection-resistance sub-wavelength structure on surface of brittle and hard material |
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