CN107598330B - Full penetration welding method for U-shaped rib - Google Patents
Full penetration welding method for U-shaped rib Download PDFInfo
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- CN107598330B CN107598330B CN201711021126.7A CN201711021126A CN107598330B CN 107598330 B CN107598330 B CN 107598330B CN 201711021126 A CN201711021126 A CN 201711021126A CN 107598330 B CN107598330 B CN 107598330B
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Abstract
The invention provides a full penetration welding method for a U rib. In backing welding, a reverse inclination angle is arranged relative to a horizontal plane of a panel to be welded, a concentrated arc pulse deep melting welding gun at a specific angle is matched for welding, the phenomenon of protruding undercut caused by surface tension of molten iron can be overcome through gravity, full penetration welding of a U rib and a panel fillet weld is well completed, and good forming of the inner side and the outer side is guaranteed. The effective sectional area of the welding seam is ensured by the full penetration welding seam, so that the equal strength of the welding seam and the base metal is ensured, the phenomenon that the root of the partial penetration welding seam is easy to generate stress concentration is avoided, and the fatigue resistance of the welding joint is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a welding method, in particular to a full penetration welding method for a U rib.
Background
The orthotropic steel bridge deck is widely applied to large-span and medium-span steel bridge decks at home and abroad by virtue of the advantages of light weight and high construction speed, and the structure of the steel bridge deck is shown in figure 1. Due to the long, narrow and closed structural characteristics of the U-shaped ribs, the traditional U-shaped ribs and the panel are welded by adopting outer-side single-side fillet welds, and the weld penetration is 80% of the thickness of the U-shaped ribs. In the bridge use, the steel bridge deck plate receives vehicle wheel pressure alternating load, can root production fatigue crack in the U rib, leads to U rib welding seam position to become the high district that sends out of steel bridge beam potential safety hazard, and the quality of welding seam quality between U rib and panel directly influences the whole quality and the life of bridge.
The problem that fatigue cracks are easily generated in welding seams because the root parts of fillet welds cannot be completely penetrated and the weld penetration is only 80% of the thickness of the U rib plate during welding of the U rib plate units is solved. The effective sectional area of the welding line can be ensured by the full penetration welding line, so that the welding line and the base metal are equal in strength, and the phenomenon that the root part of the partial penetration welding line is easy to generate stress concentration is avoided.
Full penetration welding has been studied in the prior art from both the double-sided welding and single-sided welding double-sided forming directions. For double-sided welding, in the prior art, special welding equipment such as a YS-1DT6 box tube welding machine and a miniature internal welding trolley enters the inside of a U rib to complete welding, and the outside of the U rib plate is welded by a common welding method, so that the U rib plate full penetration double-sided welding process is realized. However, the double-side welding process greatly increases the welding workload and labor cost, so the research on the single-side welding double-side forming process of the fillet weld of the U rib plate is urgent.
For the full penetration single-side welding and double-side forming process of the U-ribbed plate, a full penetration welding process is disclosed in the prior art (CN 105436674A). under the condition of an assembly groove angle of 47 degrees, a solid welding wire is adopted, a concentrated arc pulse deep fusion welding gun is used for carrying out deep fusion welding bottoming welding at a horizontal position, and then a flux-cored welding wire is used for carrying out cover surface welding at a horizontal position or a ship-shaped position, so that the full penetration welding of the single-side welding and double-side forming is realized, the stress characteristic of a welding seam of a U-ribbed corner is improved, the quality of the welding seam of the U-ribbed is improved, and the service. However, the inventor of the present invention has found in further studies that, since the flat welding is adopted in the deep fusion and backing welding in the patent document, a raised undercut phenomenon is easily formed on the back surface of the weld due to the surface tension of molten iron during solidification, and as shown in fig. 2, the non-smooth transition formed by the weld projection easily causes stress concentration, and during service, fatigue cracks tend to be severe due to alternating load caused by vehicle traveling, and finally the service life of the bridge is reduced.
In order to solve the above problems, in order to improve the quality of the U-rib fillet weld, improve the stress characteristics of the U-rib fillet weld, and prolong the service life of the bridge, a full penetration weld with good inner and outer molding and excellent weld quality between the U-rib fillet weld and the panel fillet weld is provided, which is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems that in the prior art, in the U-ribbed plate full-penetration single-side welding double-side forming process, a protruding undercut is formed on the back of a welding seam, the forming of the back is poor, stress concentration is caused, and the service life of a bridge is shortened, the invention discovers that in backing welding, a specific included angle is formed between panels to be welded and a horizontal plane, and the backing welding is carried out by matching with a specific-angle arc-focusing pulse deep-melting welding gun, so that the protruding undercut phenomenon caused by the surface tension of molten iron can be overcome through gravity, the back of the welding seam is excellent in forming and smooth in transition, and the fatigue resistance of a welding joint is effectively improved. On the basis, the invention provides a U rib full penetration welding method with good inner and outer forming and excellent welding line quality of a U rib and a panel fillet weld, which comprises the following steps:
a full penetration welding method for U ribs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) processing a welding groove on the U rib, and placing the U rib on a panel to be welded;
(2) and (3) bottoming and welding the joint of the rib foot on one side and the panel to be welded by using a focused arc pulse deep melting welding gun at an included angle of 25-40 degrees with the horizontal plane outside the rib foot on one side of the U rib, wherein the bottoming and welding are carried out under the following conditions: one end of the panel to be welded is lifted, the U rib and the panel form a reverse inclination angle of an inverted ship-shaped position, namely the height of the panel to be welded at the rib foot on the other side opposite to the rib foot on one side of the U rib is higher than that of the panel to be welded at the rib foot on one side of the U rib, and an included angle of 3-18 degrees is formed between the panel to be welded and a horizontal plane;
(3) and performing cover surface welding on the rib foot at one side of the U rib and the joint of the panel to be welded.
Further, when the cover surface is welded, the U-shaped ribs and the panel to be welded are rotated to carry out ship-shaped welding.
Furthermore, the cover surface welding adopts flux-cored wire gas shielded welding.
Further, the outer bevel angle of the welding bevel is 45-65 degrees.
Further, the thickness of the U rib is 6-10 mm.
Further, the thickness of the panel to be welded is 12-20 mm.
Further, the groove gap of the welding groove is less than 0.5 mm.
Further, the truncated edge of the welding groove is smaller than 2 mm.
Furthermore, the included angle between the rib foot on one side of the U-shaped rib and the panel is 70-80 degrees.
In conclusion, the full penetration welding method for the U rib disclosed by the invention can well complete the full penetration welding of the U rib and the fillet weld of the panel, and ensure good forming of the inner side and the outer side. The effective sectional area of the welding line is ensured by the full penetration welding line, so that the equal strength of the welding line and the base metal is ensured, and the phenomenon that the root part of the partial penetration welding line is easy to generate stress concentration is avoided. The controllability of the full penetration welding technology of the U rib plate unit is realized, and the method has important values for improving the quality of the weld joint of the U rib angle, improving the stress characteristic of the weld joint of the U rib angle and prolonging the service life of the bridge. In addition, the single-side welding and double-side forming welding process of the U rib fillet weld of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab is obviously superior to the technological method of welding the bottom inside the U rib or welding the outside of the inside liner.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rib plate unit structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art backing weld formation at a flat welding position;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a backing weld of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the formation of a backing weld according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the cover weld of the present invention.
The element numbers are as follows:
10-U Rib
11-side rib foot
12-other side rib foot
20-Panel
30-poly arc pulse deep fusion welding gun
angle between a-U rib plate and panel
b-outer bevel angle
c-angle of panel to horizontal plane
d-angle of welding gun to horizontal plane
thickness of t-U Ribs
Thickness of T-panel
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While the invention will be described in conjunction with various embodiments, this does not represent that the features of the invention are limited to only these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention.
In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top" and "bottom" used in the following description are set to better describe preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention provides a full penetration welding method for a fillet weld of a U rib 10, which has good inner and outer forming of the fillet weld of the U rib 10 and a panel 20 and excellent weld quality, and comprises the following steps:
(1) finishing the preparation of polishing before welding, polishing and cleaning the area to be welded and the two sides within the range of 20-30 mm, exposing the metallic luster, processing a welding groove, and then placing the U rib 10 on the panel 20 to be welded;
(2) as shown in fig. 3, a bottoming welding is performed at a joint of one side rib foot 11 and a panel 20 to be welded at an angle d of 25-40 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane outside the one side rib foot 11 of the U-rib 10 using a pulse-focused deep melting welding gun 30, wherein the bottoming welding is performed under the following conditions: one end of a panel 20 to be welded is lifted, so that the height of the panel 20 to be welded at the rib foot 12 on the other side opposite to the rib foot 11 on one side of the U rib 10 is higher than the height of the panel 20 to be welded at the rib foot 11 on one side of the U rib 10, and an included angle c of 3-18 degrees is formed between the panel 20 to be welded and the horizontal plane; after the backing weld is finished, the backing weld is formed as shown in fig. 4, and the gravity action can overcome the weld bulge formed by the surface tension of molten iron through the angle of a welding gun and the angle of a panel 20 to be welded which are matched with each other, so that compared with the weld adopting flat welding as shown in fig. 2 in the prior art, the weld obtained by the invention has the advantages of excellent back forming, no bulge undercut, smooth transition and excellent fatigue resistance of a welded joint.
(3) And (3) performing cover surface welding on the joint of the rib foot 11 on one side of the U rib 10 and the panel 20 to be welded.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, when the cover is welded, the U-shaped rib 10 and the panel 20 to be welded are rotated to perform the ship-shaped welding, which can sufficiently ensure the good cover formation.
More preferably, the facing welding is flux cored gas shielded welding.
Further, when preparing for grinding and processing a welding groove in the rib leg 11 on one side of the U rib 10, it is preferable to prepare for grinding and processing a welding groove in the rib leg 12 on the other side of the U rib 10. After the welding of the rib foot 11 on one side of the U rib 10 is completed, the welding of the rib foot 12 on the other side of the U rib 10 can be repeated by repeating the step (2) and the step (3).
Further, in the present invention, in order to enable gravity to just overcome the surface tension of molten iron on the back of the weld, it is necessary to control an included angle c of 3-18 degrees between the panel 20 to be welded and the horizontal plane. The included angle c is too small, gravity may not completely overcome the surface tension of molten iron, and the included angle c is too large, molten iron may flow downward along the panel 20, which affects the weld forming. Preferably, the panel 20 to be welded forms an angle c of 5 to 12 degrees with the horizontal plane.
Further, the form of the welding groove is not particularly limited, and may be a single-sided groove, a double-sided symmetrical groove, or a double-sided asymmetrical groove. Preferably, the angle b of the outer groove of the welding groove is 45-65 degrees, and in the range, a welding gun can conveniently extend to the bottom, the overlarge filling amount of a welding wire can be avoided, and the uniform and attractive forming of the welding line in the U rib is ensured.
Further, the thickness t of the U-rib 10 used in the prior art is typically 6-8mm, which is limited by the existing welding process, whereas the thickness t of the U-rib 10 may be 6-10mm by the U-rib 10 fillet full penetration welding method of the present invention.
Further, with respect to the thickness T of the panel 20 to be welded, when the thickness T of the panel 20 is excessively low, there is a risk that the panel 20 may be welded through, and the thickness T of the panel 20 to be welded is preferably 12 to 20mm in the present invention.
Further, the root gap is too large, the use amount of welding materials is increased, the deformation is large, the welding precision is affected, and preferably, the groove gap of the welding groove is smaller than 0.5 mm.
Further, the smaller the truncated edge of the welding groove, the easier it is to achieve full penetration, preferably, the truncated edge of the welding groove in the present invention is less than 2 mm.
Further, the angle a between the rib foot 11 and the panel 20 on one side of the U-shaped rib 10 is 70-80 degrees.
Example 1
Taking a high-strength steel plate with the U-rib 10 plate thickness T of 8mm and the panel 20 thickness T of 16mm as an example, the U-rib 10 fillet single-side welding double-sided forming full penetration welding is carried out.
1. Preparation before welding
Groove processing and assembly are completed according to FIG. 3, the thickness T of the U rib 10 is 8mm, the thickness T of the face plate 20 is 16mm, and the steel plate is Q345 qE. An included angle a between a rib angle 11 on one side of the U-shaped rib 10 and the panel 20 is 75 degrees, an angle b of a groove on the outer side of a welding line is 50 degrees, a root gap and a truncated edge are smaller than 1mm during assembly, and rust and oil stains in the range of the groove and the surrounding 20mm are removed before welding.
2. Welding adjustment
The method comprises the steps of hoisting a workpiece (the assembled U-shaped rib 10 and the assembled panel 20) onto a jig, adjusting the jig to form a reverse inclination angle c of 8 degrees (namely, enabling the height of the panel 20 to be welded at the other side rib foot 12 opposite to the rib foot 11 at one side of the U-shaped rib to be higher than the height of the panel 20 to be welded at the rib foot 11 at one side of the U-shaped rib 10, and forming an included angle c of 8 degrees between the panel 20 to be welded and a horizontal plane), and adjusting a welding gun to enable an included angle d between the welding gun and the horizontal plane to be 32 degrees.
3. Backing weld
Backing welding was performed using a pulse-arc focused deep fusion welding torch 30, as shown in fig. 4, and the welding parameters are shown in table 1.
4. Cover welding
And (3) performing cover surface welding, performing gas shielded welding by using a flux-cored wire, and rotating the jig frame to enable the workpiece to be positioned at a ship welding position to ensure that the cover surface is well formed, wherein welding parameters are shown in table 1 as shown in figure 5.
Table 1: welding process parameters
The U-rib 10 fillet weld obtained in example 1 was completely penetrated, and no protruding undercut was present on the back surface of the weld, and the weld was well formed on the front and back surfaces and was excellent in fatigue resistance.
In conclusion, the full penetration welding method for the U rib disclosed by the invention can well complete the full penetration welding of the U rib and the fillet weld of the panel, and ensure good forming of the inner side and the outer side. The effective sectional area of the welding line is ensured by the full penetration welding line, so that the equal strength of the welding line and the base metal is ensured, and the phenomenon that the root part of the partial penetration welding line is easy to generate stress concentration is avoided. The controllability of the full penetration welding technology of the U rib plate unit is realized, and the method has important values for improving the quality of the weld joint of the U rib angle, improving the stress characteristic of the weld joint of the U rib angle and prolonging the service life of the bridge. In addition, the single-side welding and double-side forming welding process of the U rib fillet weld of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab is obviously superior to the technological method of welding the bottom inside the U rib or welding the outside of the inside liner.
The above description is an example of the embodiment of the present invention, which is used to more clearly illustrate the inventive concept of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention. The above-described embodiments can be easily modified and adapted by the skilled person on the basis of the inventive concept of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations that fall within the inventive concept of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A full penetration welding method for U ribs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) processing a welding groove on the U rib, and placing the U rib on a panel to be welded;
(2) and (3) bottoming and welding the joint of the rib foot on one side of the U rib and the panel to be welded by using a focused arc pulse deep melting welding gun at an included angle of 25-40 degrees with the horizontal plane, wherein the bottoming and welding are carried out under the following conditions: one end of the panel to be welded is lifted, so that the height of the panel to be welded at the rib foot on the other side opposite to the rib foot on one side of the U rib is higher than that of the panel to be welded at the rib foot on one side of the U rib, and an included angle of 3-18 degrees is formed between the panel to be welded and a horizontal plane;
(3) and performing cover surface welding on the rib foot at one side of the U rib and the joint of the panel to be welded.
2. A U-rib full penetration welding method according to claim 1, wherein during the cover face welding, the U-rib and the panel to be welded are rotated to carry out the ship-shaped welding.
3. The full penetration U-rib welding method of claim 1 wherein said cap welding is flux cored gas shielded welding.
4. The full penetration welding method for the U rib according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an outer bevel angle of the welding bevel is 45 to 65 degrees.
5. A U-rib full penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said U-rib thickness is 6 to 10 mm.
6. A full penetration U-rib welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the thickness of the face plate to be welded is 12 to 20 mm.
7. The full penetration welding method of the U-rib according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a groove gap of the welding groove is less than 0.5 mm.
8. The full penetration U-rib welding method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the truncated edge of the welding groove is less than 2 mm.
9. A U-rib full penetration welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an included angle between a rib foot on one side of the U-rib and the panel to be welded is 70 to 80 degrees.
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| CN201711021126.7A CN107598330B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Full penetration welding method for U-shaped rib |
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| CN201711021126.7A CN107598330B (en) | 2017-10-26 | 2017-10-26 | Full penetration welding method for U-shaped rib |
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| CN107598330B true CN107598330B (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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| CN109570708B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-07-30 | 中铁宝桥（扬州）有限公司 | Compound welding method for orthotropic steel bridge deck U rib K-shaped joint |
| CN109570707A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-04-05 | 中铁宝桥（扬州）有限公司 | A kind of Steel Bridge U rib plate block complete penetration welding method |
| CN110181189B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-02 | 广船国际有限公司 | Welding method of CM node groove |
| CN114289839A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-08 | 中铁宝桥（扬州）有限公司 | Welding wire alignment method for U-rib gas shielded welding |
| CN115007972A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-06 | 河南中桥重工科技有限公司 | Process for on-site automatic welding of corrugated steel web |
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| JP3442187B2 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 2003-09-02 | 日鐵住金溶接工業株式会社 | Flux-cored wire for gas shielded arc welding |
| CN101722350A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-06-09 | 武船重型工程有限公司 | Steel bridge U-shaped rib welding process |
| JP6257489B2 (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2018-01-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Gas shield arc welding method |
| CN104759815A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-08 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Ship-type tire welding positioner and welding method for U-rib plate unit of steel bridge |
| CN105436674A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-03-30 | 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 | Full penetration welding process |
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