CN107591528A - Carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode and preparation method thereof, preparation method comprises the following steps：By dissolvable sulfide or its hydrate, soluble inorganic salt and solubility can carbonization organic matter be dissolved in solution, be configured to mixed solution；By with mixed solution be dried, obtain solid particle；Solid particle is clayed into power, and carries out high temperature cabonization in an inert atmosphere, obtains solid powder；Solid powder is added in ferric ion solution and is stirred, then filtration washing is dried, and obtains carbon sulphur composite.The present invention obtains carbon coating structure by the method for high temperature cabonization; and coordinate ferric ion solution by the sulfide-oxidation that carbon material wraps up into nano-sulfur and be deposited on carbon coating layer inwall; the farthest parcel to sulphur and protection can be realized; and it can regulate and control for sulfur content; the sulfur content higher than 90% is obtained, excellent chemical property can be obtained applied to lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium-sulfur cell technical field, more particularly to a kind of carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With the continuous consumption of fossil energy, the exploitation of novel renewable energy and effective important class using as the mankind
Topic.In recent years, pure electric automobile, hybrid vehicle and unmanned plane etc. enter fast-developing and popularization stage, accordingly
The research and development of the energy storage devices that can be matched turn into and need one of technical barrier for capturing badly.Lithium-sulfur cell conduct
The novel lithium battery of high-energy-density of future generation, by more and more extensive concern.Carbon sulphur composite is lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode
Most commonly seen main material, the quality of the composite have been largely fixed the energy density and cycle life of lithium-sulfur cell.
Current most widely used carbon sulphur composite is to carry out the mixture of porous carbon and sulphur at a certain temperature instead
Should, after elemental sulfur is melt into flowable state, enters in the presence of capillary force in the hole of carbon material and form carbon sulphur composite.So
And such preparation method is to synthesize carbon material by a series of physics or chemical paths, compound, tune is then just carried out with sulphur
Control property is restricted, and this technology is had certain limitation using upper.Moreover, sulphur is to enter carbon material therewith from hole
Compound, in actual applications, soluble more lithium sulfides of formation may also be diffused into electrolyte by duct, cause activity
The loss of material.
Therefore, new carbon sulphur composite synthesis path is developed, realizes and greatly sulphur is protected, and obtain high
Sulfur content, it is the focus on research direction of this area so as to realize the lithium-sulfur cell of high-energy-density and long circulation life.
The content of the invention
, can it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode and preparation method thereof
To improve the sulfur content in carbon sulphur composite, and improve the performance of lithium-sulfur cell.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical solution：
For the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode, comprise the following steps：
By dissolvable sulfide, soluble inorganic salt and solubility can carbonization organic matter be dissolved in solvent, be configured to mix
Solution；
By with mixed solution be dried, obtain solid particle；
Solid particle is clayed into power, and carries out high temperature cabonization processing in an inert atmosphere, obtains solid powder；
Solid powder is added in ferric ion solution and stirred, inorganic salts dissolving is diffused into the aqueous solution, sulphion quilt
Ferrous ions oxidation is attached on carbon skeleton into nano-sulfur, and filtration washing removes ion component, and carbon sulphur composite is obtained after drying.
Optionally, the dissolvable sulfide is vulcanized sodium or vulcanization sodium hydrate.
Optionally, the soluble inorganic salt is haloid or sulfate.
Optionally, the soluble inorganic salt is sodium chloride or potassium chloride or magnesium chloride or calcium chloride or sodium bromide or bromination
Potassium or magnesium bromide or calcium bromide or sodium sulphate or potassium sulfate or magnesium sulfate.
Optionally, the solubility can carbonization organic matter be sucrose or glucose or cyclodextrin or furan alcohol.
Optionally, the mixed solution of configuration is dried, drying means is spray drying.
Optionally, the ferric ion solution is iron chloride or ferric nitrate or ferric sulfate aqueous solution.
Optionally, the concentration of the ferric ion solution is 0.1~3 mol/L.
Optionally, dissolvable sulfide, soluble inorganic salt, it is soluble can carbonization organic matter and solvent quality parts ratio
It is 1~5:1~10:1~20:10~70.
For the carbon sulphur composite of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode, it is made of foregoing preparation method.
Optionally, the sulfur content of the carbon sulphur composite is 40%~95%, carbon content 5%~60%.
From above technical scheme, the present invention obtains carbon skeleton network by the method for high temperature cabonization, and coordinates trivalent
Ferric ion solutions are oxidation of the sulfide into nano-sulfur and are deposited in the inner surface and hole of carbon backbone structure, can realize maximum
The protection to sulphur of degree and good conductive network is provided, and sulfur content can be regulated and controled, obtained higher than 90%
Sulfur content, excellent chemical property can be obtained applied to lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the first circle discharge curve using lithium-sulfur cell made from the carbon sulphur composite of the embodiment of the present invention 9；
Fig. 2 is the cycle performance curve map using lithium-sulfur cell made from the carbon sulphur composite of the embodiment of the present invention 9.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
Embodiment
In order to which above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent from, the embodiment of the present invention cited below particularly,
It is described below in detail.
The preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite of the present invention comprises the following steps：
By dissolvable sulfide, soluble inorganic salt and solubility can carbonization organic matter be dissolved in solvent, be configured to mix
Solution, organic matter is set to be dispersed in mixed solution around sulphion and other ions；Wherein, dissolvable sulfide,
Soluble inorganic salt, it is soluble can the quality parts ratio of carbonization organic matter and solvent be 1~5:1~10:1~20:10~70, it is excellent
Elect 2~4 as:3~10:1~15:15~60；
By with mixed solution be dried, obtain organic matter and sulfide and inorganic salts it is dispersed solid it is compound
Composition granule；
Obtained solid composite particle is clayed into power, and carries out high-temperature process in an inert atmosphere, makes organic matter carbon
After change, carbon skeleton is obtained, and the sulfide and the solid mixture powder of inorganic salts being attached on carbon skeleton；
Solid mixture powder after high-temperature process is added in ferric ion solution and is stirred, inorganic salts dissolving is expanded
It is scattered in the aqueous solution, the sulphion on carbon skeleton is in situ or short distance migrates, and is oxidized to nano-sulfur and is adhered to by ferric ion
On carbon skeleton, iron ion, which is reduced, generates solvable ferrous ion, and filtration washing removes ion component, after drying, obtains sulphur
The carbon sulphur composite that content is 40%~95%, carbon content is 5%~60%.
The dissolvable sulfide of the present invention can use vulcanized sodium or its hydrate, potassium sulfide or its hydrate etc..
The soluble inorganic salt of the present invention is solvable in water, and the salt not reacted with ferric ion and sulfide,
Such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium bromide, KBr, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide haloid, or sodium sulphate, sulphur
The sulfate such as sour potassium, magnesium sulfate.
The present invention solubility can carbonization organic matter be sucrose or glucose or cyclodextrin or furan alcohol etc..
The ferric ion solution of the present invention is the aqueous solution such as iron chloride or ferric nitrate or ferric sulfate, and ferric ion is molten
The concentration of liquid is 0.1~3 mol/L, preferably 0.3~1 mol/L.
To by dissolvable sulfide, soluble inorganic salt and it is soluble can the mixed aqueous solution that is configured to of carbonization organic matter enter
When row is dried, the drying-granulating methods such as spray drying, freeze-drying can be used.
It can be ground when solid particle is clayed into power using ball mill, the rotating speed of ball mill can be 100~1000 turns/
Point, it is preferred to use 300~500 revs/min.
The temperature of high temperature cabonization is 300 DEG C~1000 DEG C, and preferably 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, inert atmosphere gases can be nitrogen
One kind in gas, argon gas.
Below by specific embodiment and comparative example, the present invention is further illustrated.Arrived used in the description below
Reagent, material and instrument are commercially available as without special explanation, being conventional reagent, conventional material and conventional instrument
Obtain, involved reagent can also be synthesized by conventional synthesis process and obtained.
Embodiment 1
By Na2S·9H2O, NaCl and sucrose are dissolved in deionized water, Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose, deionized water
Quality parts ratio be 2:10:7:20, mixed solution is made；
Mixed solution is spray-dried, obtains the composite particles of three, composite particles are to be wrapped in by sucrose
The composite particles of two kinds of salt；
By composite particles under conditions of 300rpm ball milling 3h, the powder for then obtaining ball milling is in argon gas atmosphere
800 DEG C of heating 3h, make sucrose be carbonized, obtain the solid powder of carbon skeleton and two kinds of salt；
Solid powder is added in iron nitrate solution and stirred, the concentration of iron nitrate solution is 1M/L, NaCl in whipping process
Dissolving is diffused into solution, while vulcanized sodium either original position or short distance migration, and nano-sulfur is oxidized to simultaneously by ferric ion
It is deposited on carbon skeleton, iron ion, which is reduced, generates solvable ferrous ion, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite after drying,
Sulfur content is 40%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is：Mixed solution is by Na made from the first step of the present embodiment2S、
NaCl, glucose and deionized water mix, Na2S, NaCl, glucose, the quality parts ratio of deionized water are 2:6:15:
60；Ferric ion solution is ferric chloride solution (0.3M/L)；
The composite particles that drying-granulating is obtained ball milling 1h under conditions of 500rpm, the powder for then obtaining ball milling
700 DEG C of heating 5h, make glucose be carbonized, obtain the complex solid powder of carbon skeleton and two kinds of salt in argon gas atmosphere；Will be compound
Solid powder is added in ferric chloride solution and stirred, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite, sulfur content 48% after drying.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is：Mixed solution made from the first step of the present embodiment by
Na2S·9H2O、K2SO4, glucose and deionized water mix, Na2S·9H2O、K2SO4, glucose, the quality of deionized water
Portion rate is 2:9:4:40；
The composite particles that drying-granulating is obtained ball milling 3h under conditions of 300rpm, the powder for then obtaining ball milling
600 DEG C of heating 6h, make glucose be carbonized, obtain the complex solid powder of carbon skeleton and two kinds of salt in argon gas atmosphere；Will be compound
Solid powder is added in iron nitrate solution and stirred, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite, sulfur content 60% after drying.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is：Mixed solution made from the first step of the present embodiment by
Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose and deionized water mix, Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose, the mass fraction of deionized water
Than being 4:9:5:40；Drying-granulating and carbonization, oxidation processes are identical, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite after drying,
Sulfur content is 73%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is：Mixed solution made from the first step of the present embodiment by
Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose and deionized water mix, Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose, the mass fraction of deionized water
Than being 3:5:2:20；Drying-granulating and carbonization, oxidation processes are identical, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite after drying,
Sulfur content is 82%.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is：Mixed solution made from the first step of the present embodiment by
Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose and deionized water mix, Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose, the mass fraction of deionized water
Than being 2:6:1:20；Drying-granulating and carbonization, oxidation processes are identical, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite after drying,
Sulfur content is 90%.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is：Mixed solution made from the first step of the present embodiment by
Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose and deionized water mix, Na2S·9H2O, NaCl, sucrose, the mass fraction of deionized water
Than being 3:3:1:15；Drying-granulating and carbonization, oxidation processes are identical, and filtration washing obtains carbon sulphur composite after drying,
Sulfur content is 95%.
Embodiment 8
Using carbon sulphur composite made from embodiment 3~6 as positive electrode, with Kynoar (PVDF) and carbon black
(Super P) is with quality parts ratio 80:10:10 ratio stirs in N,N-dimethylformamide (NMP) solution to be obtained uniformly
Slurry, scratch on aluminium foil, dry roll-in and obtain lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode piece, it is 3mg/cm that pole piece, which carries sulfur content,2.Lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode
Preparation method be conventional method.
The positive plate prepared is assembled into button cell together with lithium an- ode, barrier film.Button cell is filled
Discharge test, at ambient temperature 0.5C discharge and recharges, blanking voltage 1.7V~2.6V.Obtained test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Embodiment 9
Using the carbon sulphur composite of embodiment 6 as positive electrode, with sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), butadiene-styrene rubber
(SBR), CNT (CNT) and graphene are with quality parts ratio 80:5:5:5:5 ratio stirs in deionized water solution
To uniform sizing material, solid content 35%, scratch on utter misery aluminium foil, dry roll-in and obtain lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode piece, pole piece carries sulphur
Measure as 8mg/cm2.The preparation method of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode is conventional method.
The positive plate prepared is cut into painting cream area 8cm2Single pole piece, using common process and negative plate, every
Film is assembled into monolithic battery together, and the sulfur content of each battery is 64mg.
Obtained battery is subjected to charge-discharge test, at ambient temperature 0.1C discharge and recharges, blanking voltage 1.7V~2.6V.
Obtained discharge curve is as shown in figure 1, it will be seen from figure 1 that battery first circle discharge capacity reaches 75.6mAh, i.e.,
1181mAh/g, the utilization rate of elemental sulfur is 70.5%.Fig. 2 is cycle performance curve map, and black curve is discharge capacity in Fig. 2
Curve, corresponding left ordinate scale, Grey curves are the capability retention curve calculated according to discharge capacity, and corresponding the right is vertical to be sat
Mark, figure it is seen that battery manufactured in the present embodiment, after 20 circle circulations, the capability retention of battery is 95%.
Embodiment 10
By positive plate made from embodiment 9, and lithium an- ode, barrier film and electrolyte are assembled into by winding method
2Ah soft-package battery, obtained battery is subjected to charge-discharge test, at ambient temperature 0.1C discharge and recharges, blanking voltage 1.7V
~2.6V, capability retention is 93% after 20 charge and discharge cycles.
Embodiment 11
By positive plate made from embodiment 9, and surface-treated lithium an- ode, barrier film and electrolyte pass through lamination
Mode is assembled into 5Ah soft-package battery, and obtained battery is carried out into charge-discharge test, 0.1C discharge and recharges at ambient temperature, cut
Only voltage 1.7V~2.6V, capability retention is 92% after 20 charge and discharge cycles.
The present invention using dissolvable sulfide and soluble inorganic salt and solubility can after carbonization organic matter is mixed into solution,
Obtain composite particles through drying-granulating, carbon backbone structure then obtained by the method for high temperature cabonization, and add ferric iron from
Stirred in sub- solution, the sulfide-oxidation that will be attached on carbon backbone structure is into nano-sulfur and is deposited on inwall and the hole of carbon material
In hole, make to combine closely between carbon sulfur materials, so as to improve the reactivity of nano-sulfur, and can be to sulphur nano particle
Effectively protected, reduce sulphur and diffuse into electrolyte in the form of soluble more lithium sulfides during the course of the reaction, so as to change
It has been apt to the various performance parameters of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode.Composite produced by the present invention has high sulfur content, beneficial to lithium sulphur electricity
Pond positive pole keeps the high percentage composition for carrying sulfur content and sulphur, can be with so as to improve the specific capacity of lithium-sulfur cell and energy density
Effectively improve every chemical property of lithium-sulfur cell.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are enable to realize or using the present invention.
A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention
Embodiment illustrated herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty
Widest range.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
By dissolvable sulfide, soluble inorganic salt and solubility can carbonization organic matter be dissolved in solvent, be configured to mixed solution；
By with mixed solution be dried, obtain solid particle；
Solid particle is clayed into power, and carries out high temperature cabonization processing in an inert atmosphere, obtains solid powder；
Solid powder is added in ferric ion solution and stirred, then filtration washing is dried, and obtains carbon sulphur composite.
2. it is used for the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
Dissolvable sulfide is stated as vulcanized sodium or vulcanization sodium hydrate.
3. it is used for the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is haloid or sulfate to state soluble inorganic salt.
4. the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as described in claim 1 or 3, its feature exist
In：The soluble inorganic salt be sodium chloride or potassium chloride or magnesium chloride or calcium chloride or sodium bromide or KBr or magnesium bromide or
Calcium bromide or sodium sulphate or potassium sulfate or magnesium sulfate.
5. it is used for the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
State solubility can carbonization organic matter be sucrose or glucose or cyclodextrin or furan alcohol.
6. it is used for the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite of lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is iron chloride or ferric nitrate or ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum to state ferric ion solution.
7. the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as described in claim 1 or 6, its feature exist
In：The concentration of the ferric ion solution is 0.1~3 mol/L.
8. the preparation method of the carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 5 or 6,
It is characterized in that：Dissolvable sulfide, soluble inorganic salt, it is soluble can the quality parts ratio of carbonization organic matter and solvent be 1
~5:1~10:1~20:10~70.
9. the carbon sulphur composite for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode, it is characterised in that：Using the system described in claim any one of 1-8
Preparation Method is made.
10. the carbon sulphur composite according to claim 9 for lithium-sulphur cell positive electrode, it is characterised in that：The carbon sulphur
The sulfur content of composite is 40%~95%, carbon content is 5%~60%.
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| CN110957481A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-03 | 深圳新恒业电池科技有限公司 | Porous silicon-carbon composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112978705A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Sulfur-carbon composite material, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114552021A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-05-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Solid electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20180116 |