CN107587871B - Method and device for determining horizontal crack width - Google Patents
Method and device for determining horizontal crack width Download PDFInfo
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- CN107587871B CN107587871B CN201710666181.5A CN201710666181A CN107587871B CN 107587871 B CN107587871 B CN 107587871B CN 201710666181 A CN201710666181 A CN 201710666181A CN 107587871 B CN107587871 B CN 107587871B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the width of a horizontal crack, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a numerical model of a well to be treated, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture; determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture; determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack; acquiring a second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed; and determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed. The method and the device can improve the accuracy of horizontal crack width calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fractured reservoir oil and gas exploration, in particular to a method and a device for determining horizontal fracture width.
Background
Fractured reservoirs are an important direction of current oil and gas exploration. In a fractured reservoir, fracture width, fracture length and fracture density are all important reservoir evaluation parameters, and particularly, quantitative calculation of fracture width is important, because the accuracy of the calculation result directly influences the calculation of other fracture parameters.
Current methods for calculating fracture width include primarily sonic logging methods and resistivity imaging methods. Sonic logging refers to a technique in which an acoustic source is placed in a fluid-filled borehole several kilometers deep and generates multiple mode waves in the borehole, and then the acoustic information of the various mode waves is used to evaluate the properties of the formations in the vicinity of the well. The monopole sound source emits sound, and the waveform received by the monopole receiver mainly comprises four mode waves, namely longitudinal waves, transverse waves, pseudo-Rayleigh waves and Stoneley waves. After low-pass filtering, pure Stoneley wave signals can be obtained. In 1990, the Thangoming theory deduces the acoustic logging waveform of a borehole when a horizontal fracture exists, and finds that the Stoneley wave reflection coefficient is sensitive to the width of the horizontal fracture, thereby further establishing the relation between the Stoneley wave reflection coefficient and the fracture width.
The electric imaging well logging is a technology which utilizes a plurality of rows of button-shaped electrodes which can cover most of the area of a well wall on a polar plate to emit current to the formation of the well wall and measure the resistivity of all parts of the surrounding well wall, thereby forming a well wall image. The middle of the 90 s of the 20 th century is the period of rapid development of microresistivity scanning imaging logs. Microresistivity scanning imaging logging research of various large logging companies is continuously made with great results in the beginning of the period and is put into use in oil fields. The existence of the crack can cause a black low-resistance strip to appear in the resistivity imaging graph, and the larger the width of the crack, the lower the resistivity of the corresponding strip and the darker the color of the strip. In 1990, Luthi researches the influence of parameters such as formation resistivity, mud resistivity and the like on black strips formed by fractures in a resistivity imaging graph in a finite element numerical simulation mode, and further provides a method for calculating the fracture width from the resistivity imaging graph.
For the method proposed by dawn et al, which calculates the crack width by using stoneley wave reflected waves, when the crack width is small, the amplitude of the reflected waves will be very small, and the accuracy of the calculated crack width is low; when a plurality of fractures exist in the stratum, Stoneley wave reflected waves formed by different fractures generate mutual interference, so that the accuracy of the calculation result is influenced. In the method for calculating the width of the crack by using the electrical imaging graph, the resistivity is not only influenced by the width of the crack, but also comprehensively influenced by various parameters such as formation resistivity, mud resistivity, the distance between an instrument polar plate and a well wall and the like, so that the horizontal crack width is difficult to accurately calculate by using the electrical imaging graph to calculate the width of the crack.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and an apparatus for determining a horizontal crack width, so as to obtain a more accurate horizontal crack width.
To achieve the above object, in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a horizontal crack width, including:
establishing a numerical model of a well to be treated, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
acquiring a second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
The method for determining the width of the horizontal fracture in the embodiment of the application establishes a numerical model of a well to be processed and simulates the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture, and comprises the following steps:
and establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated according to a preset numerical simulation method, and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture.
The method for determining the width of the horizontal fracture, which is used for determining the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform of each horizontal fracture, includes:
determining the average amplitude of a head wave packet in the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture as a first Stoneley wave amplitude corresponding to the horizontal fracture;
for each horizontal crack, determining an amplitude difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the amplitude of the first Stoneley wave before and after passing through the horizontal crack, and determining a first ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the first ratio as a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation corresponding to the horizontal crack.
The method for determining the horizontal fracture width according to the embodiment of the present application, where the determining a relationship curve between the fracture width and the stoneley amplitude variation according to the first stoneley amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture includes:
and fitting the first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack to obtain a relation curve between the crack width and the Stoneley wave amplitude variation.
In the method for determining the width of the horizontal crack in the embodiment of the present application, the relationship curve includes:
FW＝ea·VA+b+c；
wherein FW is the crack width; VA is Stoneley wave amplitude variation; a. b and c are coefficients.
The method for determining the horizontal fracture width according to the embodiment of the application, according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed, obtaining the second stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed, includes:
carrying out low-pass filtering on the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed to obtain a single Stoneley wave waveform;
acquiring a Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be treated from the single Stoneley wave waveform in a time windowing mode;
determining the amplitude difference value of the maximum value and the amplitude minimum value of the Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed, and determining a second ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the second ratio as the amplitude variation of a second Stoneley wave corresponding to the horizontal crack.
The method for determining the width of the horizontal crack in the embodiment of the application further comprises the following steps:
and acquiring the position of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the resistivity logging data of the well to be processed.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for determining a horizontal crack width, including:
the numerical model establishing module is used for establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
the first amplitude change determining module is used for determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude change quantity of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
the relation curve determining module is used for determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
the second amplitude variation determining module is used for acquiring the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and the fracture width determining module is used for determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
The device of confirming horizontal fracture width of this application embodiment, establish the numerical model of pending well, and simulate numerical model acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture includes:
and establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated according to a preset numerical simulation method, and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture.
The device of confirming horizontal crack width of this application embodiment, according to acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal crack, confirm the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of this horizontal crack, include:
determining the average amplitude of a head wave packet in the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture as a first Stoneley wave amplitude corresponding to the horizontal fracture;
for each horizontal crack, determining an amplitude difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the amplitude of the first Stoneley wave before and after passing through the horizontal crack, and determining a first ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the first ratio as a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation corresponding to the horizontal crack.
The device of confirming horizontal crack width of this application embodiment, according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack, confirm the relation curve between crack width and stoneley wave amplitude variation, include:
and fitting the first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack to obtain a relation curve between the crack width and the Stoneley wave amplitude variation.
The device of this application embodiment's determination horizontal crack width degree, the relation curve includes:
FW＝ea·VA+b+c；
wherein FW is the crack width; VA is Stoneley wave amplitude variation; a. b and c are coefficients.
The device of the horizontal crack width of definite of this application embodiment, according to the acoustic logging waveform of pending well acquires the second stoneley wave amplitude variation of every horizontal crack in the pending well includes:
carrying out low-pass filtering on the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed to obtain a single Stoneley wave waveform;
acquiring a Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be treated from the single Stoneley wave waveform in a time windowing mode;
determining the amplitude difference value of the maximum value and the amplitude minimum value of the Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed, and determining a second ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the second ratio as the amplitude variation of a second Stoneley wave corresponding to the horizontal crack.
The device of the horizontal crack width of determination of this application embodiment still includes:
and the fracture position determining module is used for acquiring the position of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the resistivity logging data of the well to be processed.
In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another apparatus for determining a horizontal fracture width, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, where the computer program when executed by the processor performs the following steps:
establishing a numerical model of a well to be treated, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
acquiring a second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the numerical model of the well to be processed is established, and the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture is simulated; secondly, determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture; determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack; then, according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed, acquiring the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed; and finally, determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of determining horizontal fracture width in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of a Stoneley amplitude curve in a numerically simulated wellbore with a horizontal fracture of 1mm width in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an exponential fit curve representing the relationship between horizontal fracture width and Stoneley wave amplitude variation obtained by processing numerical simulation data in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graphical illustration of sonic and electrical imaging logs of a process in the presence of horizontal fractures in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining horizontal crack width according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of an apparatus for determining horizontal crack width according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for determining a horizontal crack width according to an embodiment of the present application may include:
s101, establishing a numerical model of a well to be processed, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture.
In an embodiment of the present application, the well to be processed is a well point, and a fracture width of a horizontal fracture included in a reservoir corresponding to the well point is to be determined.
In an embodiment of the application, a numerical model of a well to be processed can be established according to a preset numerical simulation method, and acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture can be simulated. For example, in an embodiment of the present application, a numerical model of a well to be treated may be established according to a preset numerical simulation method, and a sonic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture may be simulated. In an embodiment of the present application, the established numerical model may be consistent with the actual well conditions of the well to be treated, for example, using the same parameters such as the borehole diameter, mud density, and acoustic velocity, and the formation compressional-compressional velocity.
And S102, determining the first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform of each horizontal fracture.
In an embodiment of the application, determining, according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture, an amplitude variation of a first stoneley wave of the horizontal fracture may include:
determining the average amplitude of a first wave packet in the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture as a first Stoneley wave amplitude corresponding to the horizontal fracture; then, for each horizontal crack, determining an amplitude difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the amplitude of the first Stoneley wave before and after passing through the horizontal crack, and determining a first ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value; and finally, determining the first ratio as a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation corresponding to the horizontal crack.
For example, figure 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a stoneley wave amplitude profile in a wellbore with horizontal fractures of 1mm width numerically simulated under equivalent well conditions to the well being treated. The maximum amplitude value in the stoneley wave amplitude curve is 0.01269mV, the minimum amplitude value is 0.01224mV, the ratio of the difference value of the maximum amplitude value and the maximum amplitude value is 3.55%, and the ratio is the stoneley wave amplitude variation corresponding to the strip crack.
S103, determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack.
In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S101, in order to obtain a more accurate fitting formula, it is generally necessary to simulate a plurality of horizontal cracks with different widths (for example, at least simulate 5 or more horizontal cracks with different widths). In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, taking the example of simulating 8 horizontal slits with different widths, the widths of the 8 horizontal slits can be selected to be 0mm, 1mm, 5mm, 10mm, 20mm, 40mm, 60mm and 80mm, respectively.
In an embodiment of the present application, the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack may be fitted to obtain a relationship curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation. In an embodiment of the present application, taking exponential fitting as an example, performing exponential fitting on the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture may obtain a relationship curve as shown below:
FW＝ea·VA+b+c；
wherein FW is the crack width; VA is Stoneley wave amplitude variation; a. b and c are coefficients.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, taking the 8 horizontal cracks with different widths as an example, the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of the 8 horizontal cracks with different widths is subjected to exponential fitting, so as to obtain a relation curve FW ═ e as shown in fig. 30.0328VA+2.6-13.838。
And S104, acquiring the amplitude variation of a second Stoneley wave of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed.
In an embodiment of the present application, obtaining a second stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed may include:
firstly, a digital filter is adopted to carry out low-pass filtering on the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed to obtain a single Stoneley wave waveform;
secondly, acquiring a Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed from the single Stoneley wave waveform in a time window opening mode; the windowing time window mainly windows a first wave packet and a second wave packet of the stoneley wave, and the length of the time window is generally selected to be 1 ms.
Then, determining the amplitude difference value of the maximum value and the amplitude minimum value of the Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed, and determining a second ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and finally, determining the second ratio as the amplitude variation of a second Stoneley wave corresponding to the horizontal crack.
Different from the acoustic logging waveform simulated in S101, in this step, the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed is actual acoustic logging data obtained by performing acoustic logging on the well to be processed. In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, a single-pole measurement waveform (e.g., the first waveform from the left in fig. 4) is obtained by performing sonic logging on a well, and after low-pass filtering, a single stoneley wave signal (e.g., the second waveform from the left in fig. 4) is obtained, and a stoneley wave amplitude curve (e.g., the third waveform from the left in fig. 4) is obtained by sequentially calculating the mean amplitude value of the stoneley wave in the time window (e.g., the region between two vertical lines in the stoneley wave shown in fig. 4) at each depth point.
And S105, determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
In the embodiment of the application, after the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed is obtained, the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation is substituted into the relation curve, and then the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed can be determined.
In an embodiment of the present application, for example, as shown in fig. 4, the horizontal crack is located near XXX5m, the maximum amplitude value in the range of 0.6m above and below the crack is 448.54mV, and the minimum amplitude value is 218.58mV, so that the amplitude variation of the stoneley wave corresponding to the horizontal crack is 51.27%, and the crack width is 58.5mm by substituting the fitted relation curve. It is noted that in practice, a plurality of horizontal fractures are usually arranged together to form a fracture zone, and as shown in this example, the computed fracture width may be the sum of the widths of the plurality of horizontal fractures.
In other embodiments of the present application, before calculating the fracture width, the position of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed may be obtained according to the resistivity logging data of the well to be processed, that is, the resistivity logging may be performed on the well to be processed, for example, the resistivity logging instrument performs the resistivity logging on the well to be processed, so as to obtain a resistivity well circumference imaging graph, and thereby the approximate position of the horizontal fracture is determined in the graph. This may further eliminate ambiguity so that the calculated fracture width does reflect the true condition of the formation.
Referring to fig. 5, the apparatus for determining the width of a horizontal crack according to an embodiment of the present application may include:
the numerical model establishing module 51 is used for establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
the first amplitude variation determining module 52 is configured to determine, according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture, a first stoneley wave amplitude variation of the horizontal fracture;
a relation curve determining module 53, configured to determine a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley amplitude variation according to the first stoneley amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
a second amplitude variation determining module 54, configured to obtain, according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed, a second stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed;
and a fracture width determining module 55, configured to determine a width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relationship curve and the second stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
In other embodiments of the present application, the apparatus for determining a horizontal crack width may further include:
and the fracture position determining module 56 is used for acquiring the position of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the resistivity logging data of the well to be processed.
The apparatus of the embodiment of the present application corresponds to the method of the embodiment, and therefore, for details of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the method of the embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 6, an apparatus for determining a horizontal fracture width according to an embodiment of the present application may include a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, and when executed by the processor, the computer program performs the following steps:
establishing a numerical model of a well to be treated, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
acquiring a second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
The apparatus of the embodiment of the present application corresponds to the method of the embodiment, and therefore, for details of the apparatus of the present application, please refer to the method of the embodiment, which is not described herein again.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the units may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware when implementing the present application.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (15)
1. A method of determining horizontal fracture width, comprising:
establishing a numerical model of a well to be treated, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
acquiring a second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
2. The method of determining horizontal fracture width of claim 1, wherein the establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated and simulating sonic logging waveforms of the numerical model at each horizontal fracture comprises:
and establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated according to a preset numerical simulation method, and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture.
3. The method for determining horizontal fracture width according to claim 1, wherein determining the first stoneley amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the sonic logging waveform of each horizontal fracture comprises:
determining the average amplitude of a head wave packet in the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture as a first Stoneley wave amplitude corresponding to the horizontal fracture;
for each horizontal crack, determining an amplitude difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the amplitude of the first Stoneley wave before and after passing through the horizontal crack, and determining a first ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the first ratio as a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation corresponding to the horizontal crack.
4. The method for determining horizontal fracture width according to claim 1, wherein determining a fracture width versus stoneley amplitude variation based on the first stoneley amplitude variation for each horizontal fracture comprises:
and fitting the first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack to obtain a relation curve between the crack width and the Stoneley wave amplitude variation.
5. The method of determining horizontal fracture width of claim 1, wherein the relationship curve comprises:
FW＝ea·VA+b+c；
wherein FW is the crack width; VA is Stoneley wave amplitude variation; a. b and c are coefficients.
6. The method for determining horizontal fracture width according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a second stoneley amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be treated according to the sonic logging waveform of the well to be treated comprises:
carrying out low-pass filtering on the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed to obtain a single Stoneley wave waveform;
acquiring a Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be treated from the single Stoneley wave waveform in a time windowing mode;
determining the amplitude difference value of the maximum value and the amplitude minimum value of the Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed, and determining a second ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the second ratio as the amplitude variation of a second Stoneley wave corresponding to the horizontal crack.
7. The method of determining horizontal fracture width of claim 1, further comprising:
and acquiring the position of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the resistivity logging data of the well to be processed.
8. An apparatus for determining horizontal fracture width, comprising:
the numerical model establishing module is used for establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
the first amplitude change determining module is used for determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude change quantity of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
the relation curve determining module is used for determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
the second amplitude variation determining module is used for acquiring the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and the fracture width determining module is used for determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
9. The apparatus for determining horizontal fracture width of claim 8, wherein the establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated and simulating sonic logging waveforms of the numerical model at each horizontal fracture comprises:
and establishing a numerical model of the well to be treated according to a preset numerical simulation method, and simulating the acoustic logging waveform of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture.
10. The apparatus for determining horizontal fracture width as claimed in claim 8, wherein the determining the first stoneley amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the sonic logging waveform of each horizontal fracture comprises:
determining the average amplitude of a head wave packet in the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture as a first Stoneley wave amplitude corresponding to the horizontal fracture;
for each horizontal crack, determining an amplitude difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the amplitude of the first Stoneley wave before and after passing through the horizontal crack, and determining a first ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the first ratio as a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation corresponding to the horizontal crack.
11. The apparatus for determining horizontal fracture width as claimed in claim 8, wherein determining the relationship between the fracture width and the variation of the stoneley amplitude according to the first variation of the stoneley amplitude of each horizontal fracture comprises:
and fitting the first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack to obtain a relation curve between the crack width and the Stoneley wave amplitude variation.
12. The apparatus for determining horizontal fracture width of claim 8, wherein the relationship curve comprises:
FW＝ea·VA+b+c；
wherein FW is the crack width; VA is Stoneley wave amplitude variation; a. b and c are coefficients.
13. The apparatus for determining horizontal fracture width according to claim 8, wherein the obtaining a second stoneley amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be treated according to the sonic logging waveform of the well to be treated comprises:
carrying out low-pass filtering on the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed to obtain a single Stoneley wave waveform;
acquiring a Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be treated from the single Stoneley wave waveform in a time windowing mode;
determining the amplitude difference value of the maximum value and the amplitude minimum value of the Stoneley wave amplitude curve of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed, and determining a second ratio of the amplitude difference value to the maximum value;
and determining the second ratio as the amplitude variation of a second Stoneley wave corresponding to the horizontal crack.
14. The apparatus for determining horizontal crack width of claim 8, further comprising:
and the fracture position determining module is used for acquiring the position of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the resistivity logging data of the well to be processed.
15. An apparatus for determining a horizontal fracture width, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, wherein the computer program when executed by the processor performs the steps of:
establishing a numerical model of a well to be treated, and simulating acoustic logging waveforms of the numerical model under each horizontal fracture;
determining a first Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture according to the acoustic logging waveform under each horizontal fracture;
determining a relation curve between the crack width and the stoneley wave amplitude variation according to the first stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack;
acquiring a second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal crack in the well to be processed according to the acoustic logging waveform of the well to be processed;
and determining the width of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed according to the relation curve and the second Stoneley wave amplitude variation of each horizontal fracture in the well to be processed.
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| CN108490490B (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-11-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Slit band characterizing method, device, electronic equipment and computer storage medium |
| CN113123784B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2023-12-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring fracture permeability of low-hole fractured sandstone reservoir |
| CN111140263B (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-14 | 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司 | Tunnel concrete lining crack width calculation method and crack treatment method |
| CN113533528B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2023-12-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Shock tube Stoneley wave experimental method for core model containing cracks |
| CN114151072B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-12-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crack recognition device |
| CN112666554A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-16 | 江苏中路工程技术研究院有限公司 | Method for identifying radar amplitude characteristic crack width of asphalt pavement |
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| CN104345346A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for obtaining crack widths |
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