CN107587078A - A kind of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels and its manufacture method and application - Google Patents
A kind of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels and its manufacture method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107587078A CN107587078A CN201710743205.2A CN201710743205A CN107587078A CN 107587078 A CN107587078 A CN 107587078A CN 201710743205 A CN201710743205 A CN 201710743205A CN 107587078 A CN107587078 A CN 107587078A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels and its manufacture method and application.By percentage to the quality, the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels include following components：C≤0.02%, Si：0.3% 0.5%, Mn：1.2% 1.4%, Ni：12.01% 12.5%, Cr：17.1% 17.9%, Mo：3.01% 3.3%, N≤0.04%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.02%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable elements, and its grain size is 79 grades, and surface Vickers hardness is 150 180HV.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel and iron manufacturing field, is related to a kind of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels and its manufacture method and application.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel containing Mo using ASTM316L as representative has excellent corrosion resistance, weldability and processability
Etc. combination property so that the product purpose is quite varied.
Existing 316L largely produces according to American Standard in the market.For cost consideration, steel mill's typically handle
The Ni contents of product are leaned on toward lower limit as far as possible.American Standard provides, 316L Ni contents are 10-14%, day mark then provide that 316L Ni contains
Measure as 12-15%.By minimum standard, American Standard and the difference for having 2% in Ni contents is marked on day, embody still quite huge in price
Big, 316L Mo contents cause the steel grade to possess excellent pitting corrosion resistant performance, can safety be applied to the halogen such as ion containing Cl
Plain ionic environment.
But as chemical device is constantly improved with material to the decay resistance of stainless steel, common 316L can not reach
To the corrosion resistance requirement to extensive chemical medium, such as, in dyeing machine manufacturing, high-temperature high-speed dyeing machine is dyeing
Key equipment, mainly by dye vat, heat exchanger, filter, pipe arrangement, high pressure centrifugal pump, cloth guide tube, overflow nozzle, textile fabric lifting
System, casing drum, cloth discharge device, outlet assembly and electrical control cabinet etc. form.Dye vat, heat exchanger and filter are the main of dyeing and printing process
Pressure vessel.The operating pressure of dye vat is generally 0.35MPa-0.45MPa, and operating temperature is about 140 DEG C -160 DEG C, and medium is dye
Liquid；The structure type of heat exchanger is mainly shell-and-tube, tube side operating pressure≤0.45MPa, operating temperature≤150 DEG C, shell side
Operating pressure≤0.8MPa, operating temperature≤175 DEG C, tube side medium are dye liquor, and shell side medium is saturated vapor.Overflow dyeing machine,
Heat exchanger and the main material of filter are usually austenite 316L stainless steels.The working environment of overflow dyeing machine is more complicated, printing and dyeing
In use, cloth edge has the hook that quantity does not wait and collided in the process of running with dye vat wall machinery, shape
Into mechanical damage, form corrosion and starting point occurs, and need to use a variety of dyestuffs for different textiles, in order to carry
High printing quality, generally require to add auxiliary agent in dye liquor so that dye liquor composition is more complicated, wherein comprising to austenite stainless
Steel has the chlorion of corrosiveness, and particularly environmental protection upgrades in recent years, after the policy such as Treated sewage reusing and process implementing so that molten
Chlorine ion concentration generally rises in liquid, a brand-new dyeing machine from coming into operation, at least at most 1 year half a year big face just occurs
Yarn hook problem caused by the different degrees of corrosion of product.If be continuing with, the spot corrosion of dyeing colour machine and stress corrosion is caused to destroy
Aggravation, finally causes dye vat to explode suddenly, brings about great losses and casualties.By being investigated and analysed to more failure products,
It is to have different degrees of spot corrosion and stress corrosion to determine more than 80% product, and wherein spot corrosion, which has become, restricts the dyeing machine longevity
The principal element of life.So the decay resistance of enhancing 316L stainless steels at high temperature, reaches the corrosion resistance to extensive chemical medium
It is urgent problem instantly it is required that make 316L stainless steels be applied to complicated chemical industry.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings that above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels and its system
Make method and application.The corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels have good anti-strong acid homogeneous corrosion performance and anti-Cl at high temperature-Point
Corrosion energy, and good bruise resistance.The manufacture method cost is not high and technique is simple, conveniently.
In order to reach foregoing goal of the invention, a kind of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention, with mass percent
Meter, the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels include following elemental constituent：C≤0.02%, Si：0.3%-0.5%, Mn：1.2%-
1.4%, Ni：12.01%-12.5%, Cr：17.1%-17.9%, Mo：3.01%-3.3%, N≤0.04%, P≤
0.035%, S≤0.02%, surplus are Fe and other inevitable elements.
Above-mentioned corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels need further to be adjusted to 316L compositions, are increased on the basis of 316L
Ni, Cr, Mo content, greatly improves its intergranular corrosion resistance, acid corrosion-resistant, the performance of high-temperature corrosion resistance.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that by percentage to the quality, the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels include
Following elemental constituent：C：0.017%, Si：0.4%, Mn：1.25%, Ni：12.1%, Cr：17.2%, Mo：3.1%, N：
0.02%, P：0.02%, S：0.02%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable elements.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the raw material of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels includes the first raw material components, the
Two raw material components, ferronickel, molybdenum-iron and ferrochrome；
Wherein, first raw material components include high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and in first raw material, it is high
The mass ratio of phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is 10：1, lime quality is the 10% of the gross mass of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel；
Second raw material components include high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and in second raw material, high-phosphorus nickel-chromium
The mass ratio of the pig iron and carbon steel is 10：1, the quality of lime and the lime in first raw material in second raw material components
Sum is 100kg-57kg/ ton molten steel.The throwing amount of the ferronickel, molybdenum-iron and ferrochrome determines according to actual process demand, in AOD essences
Ferronickel is put into during refining and molybdenum-iron uses the technical requirements that composition of steel meets last corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels finished product.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that the grain size of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels is 7-9 levels, table
Face Vickers hardness is 150-180HV；
It is highly preferred that the grain size of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels is 8.5 grades, surface Vickers hardness is 160HV.
Decay resistance of the present invention is according to the anti-strong acid homogeneous corrosion performance of product of the present invention and anti-Cl-Spot corrosion
The overall merits such as performance.
The above-mentioned stainless composition of steel of corrosion-resistant 316L meets the requirement of GB24511-S31603 standards, belongs to austenitic stainless steel,
The Ni contents of in general austenitic stainless steel are 10.01%-10.4%, and Cr contents are 16.4%-17.0%, and Mo contents are 2%-
2.2%, compared with general austenitic stainless steel, in corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention Ni contents improve 15% with
On, Cr contents improve more than 5%, Mo contents and improve more than 3%, and C content reduces nearly 33%, and N content reduces closely
0.01%, so as to improve the decay resistance of stainless steel product, meanwhile, compared with than general austenitic stainless steel, the present invention
Si contents, which reduce nearly 20%, Mn contents, in the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided reduces nearly 7%, drastically increases stainless
The hardness of product made from steel, reduces magnetic, so as to reduce the possibility that mechanical damage induces corrosion and occurred；In addition, the present invention carries
The grain size of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels supplied reaches more than 8 grades, greatly improves polishing of the product during following process
Grind performance, while also improve the hardness of stainless steel product, the surface Vickers hardness of stainless steel product of the present invention up to 160HV with
On, mechanical damage of the product in following process production process is greatly reduced, is alleviated due to corrosion resistant caused by mechanical damage
Corrosion declines, and therefore, stainless steel product of the invention possesses good hardness, polishability and excellent corrosion resistance, contrast
General service S31603 materials used in existing market are more suitable for chemical industry, and material manufacture cost increase only 40% is left
It is right.Therefore, the tank body or heat exchanger tube that corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the present invention are processed into, effectively extend the equipment longevity
Life, reduces production cost.
The present invention also provides the manufacture method of above-mentioned corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels, and it is moved back including steel processed, hot rolling, hot rolling successively
Fiery pickling, cold rolling, cold rolled annealed pickling and correction step；
In the cold rolled annealed acid pickling step, cold rolled annealed temperature is 1180 DEG C, time 2s；The rolling of planisher
Power is 2300KN.Manufacture method compared with common 316L stainless steels is compared, and the present invention is by controlling the cold rolled annealed time and rolling
Power processed, the grain size of stainless steel slab is controlled, improve polishing grinding performance, improve the hardness of stainless steel slab, reduced rotten
The generation of erosion, while improve by increasing the roll-force of planisher the hardness of stainless steel slab, reduce its and follow-up process
During mechanical damage caused by corrosive nature decline.
In above-mentioned manufacture method, the hot rolling, hot-roll annealing pickling, cold rolling and correction step can use conventional
The method for manufacturing of 316L stainless steels.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that the steel step processed uses secondary batching method, by feeding intake twice
Electric furnace dephosphorization twice, then to be tapped again through skimming, after refining desulfuration deoxidation, continuous casting obtains stainless steel slab, wherein,
Feed intake for 1st time including high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and the weight of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel ratio is 50
: 5, the 1st charge weight of lime accounts for the 12% of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel charge weight sum, the 1st throwing amount to feed intake
Account for the 33%-3% of furnace volume；
Feed intake including high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime for 2nd time, and the mass ratio of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is
50：5, the 2nd charge weight of lime and the 1st charge weight sum are 33kg-3kg/ ton molten steel, the 2nd throwing amount to feed intake
Account for the 33%-3% of furnace volume.
In above-mentioned manufacture method, the electric furnace dephosphorization refers to the work for carrying out dephosphorization to pig iron raw material using steel-smelting electric furnace
Skill, it can use the conventional electric furnace in this area to realize.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that by percentage to the quality, the high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron includes following
Elemental constituent：C≤4.5%, Cr：1.0-5.0%, Si≤4.0%, S≤0.04%, P：0.03%-0.100%, Cu≤
0.1%, Mn≤0.5%, Ni：3.0%-15.0%, surplus Fe and other inevitable elements.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that total turn on angle that No. the 1st electric furnace dephosphorization is powered is 190-
240KWh/ molten steel, total turn on angle that No. the 2nd electric furnace dephosphorization is powered is 120-180KWh/ ton molten steel.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that the oxygen that No. the 1st electric furnace dephosphorization is blown into the electric furnace it is total
Measure as 10-20Nm3/ ton molten steel, the total amount for the oxygen that No. the 2nd electric furnace dephosphorization is blown into the electric furnace is 30-40Nm3/ ton steel
Water.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that the steel step processed is specially：
Being added into the electric furnace for 1st time includes the furnace charge of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and the 1st time of furnace charge fills
Enter 33% that amount is heat size, wherein, the weight ratio of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is 50: 5, and the 1st charge weight of lime accounts for
The 12% of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel charge weight sum；The 1st lasting energization is carried out, and the 1st time in lasting galvanization
It is blown into oxygen into the electric furnace, it is 10-20Nm that the 1st time of oxygen, which is blown into total amount,3/ ton molten steel；When turn on angle reaches 180-
During 230KWh/ ton molten steel, stop lasting energization, be blown into oxygen into the electric furnace using furnace wall burner and furnace charge is stirred,
Carry out being powered and the 1st stream slag operation while stirring, wherein, to be interrupted operation, the 1st time is logical for furnace wall burner oxygen blast and energization
Total turn on angle of electricity is 190-240KWh/ molten steel；
Loading into the electric furnace for 2nd time includes the furnace charge of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and the 2nd time of furnace charge fills
Enter 33% that amount is heat size, wherein, the weight ratio of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is 50: 5, the 1st charge weight of lime and
2nd charge weight sum is 33kg-3kg/ ton molten steel；
The 2nd lasting energization is carried out, while is blown into oxygen for the 2nd time into stove, the 1st time and the 2nd amount of oxygen being blown into
For 30-40Nm3/ ton molten steel；When turn on angle reaches 50-120KWh/ ton molten steel, stop it is lasting be powered, using furnace wall burner to
Oxygen is blown into electric furnace to be stirred furnace charge, while stirring be powered and the 2nd time is flowed slag operation, wherein, furnace wall is burnt
Mouth oxygen blast and energization are interruption operation, and total turn on angle of the 2nd energization is 120-180KWh/ ton molten steel；
After the P content of molten steel in the electric furnace is less than or equal to 350ppm, molten steel is skimmed, it is stainless to carry out refining production
Steel；
The turn on angle that total turn on angle of 1st energization includes the 1st turn on angle being persistently powered and interruption is powered；
The turn on angle that total turn on angle of 2nd energization includes the 2nd turn on angle being persistently powered and interruption is powered.
Above-mentioned manufacture method, by improving Ni, Cr and the Mo content in composition of steel processed in steel-making process, adjustment reduces C,
N content, welding process carbon is reduced, and nitrogen compound is separated out from crystal boundary, so as to reach raising product corrosion resistance and production
The purpose of product welding performance.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferable that stream quantity of slag during the 1st stream slag operation is given birth to for high-phosphorus nickel-chromium
The 20% of 1st charge weight of iron and carbon steel, stream quantity of slag during the 2nd stream slag is the 2nd of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel
The 10% of secondary charge weight；In described 1st time is flowed slag operation and the 2nd stream slag operation process, fluorite slugging is put into respectively, it is described
Otal investment≤1.5 ton of fluorite/stove.
The product quality of the manufacture method of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention is designed on the basis of common 316L,
Skimmed technology, greatly improved by controlling electric furnace secondary charging ratio, turn on angle and dephosphorization decarburization blowing oxygen quantity and introducing electric furnace
The input amount of low price high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, so as to significantly reduce cost of material, dropped by refinery process desulfating and deoxidation of skimming
The low level of product field trash, while slag dross inclusion adsorption is ensured, makes the fusing point of remaining field trash in steel reduce, hardness
Reduce, properly increase alloying component ratio in molten steel while ensure stainless steel slab quality and production cost.In cold rolled annealed rank
Section, by controlling annealing temperature and planisher roll-force, make the control of product grains degree between 7-9 levels, surface Vickers hardness control
System is between 150-180HV, so as to reach optimal using effect.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels and tank body material or heat exchange tubing is being used as in chemical industry
The application of material.Life-span using the equipment of above-mentioned corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels is 2-3 times of general 316L stainless steel equipments life-span
More than.Compared with prior art, corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention and its manufacture method have the advantages that：
(1) corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention Cr and Ni contents, improve stainless steel slab by increasing Mo
Corrosion resistance, improve the processability of stainless steel slab, reduce the magnetic after its following process, it is ensured that stainless steel slab
Obtain stable austenite structure, proper composition seam organization while, have both outstanding decay resistance；
(2) manufacture method of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention, it is a large amount of to use high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron as former
Material, by composition adjustment, process reform reduces the production cost of slab, while produces again and can significantly extend dyeing machine and make
With the stainless steel new material in life-span.The stainless steel new material can produce the answering in chemical industry for meeting client's needs
With.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the beneficial effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme carry out it is described further below, but it is not intended that to the present invention can practical range restriction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of manufacture method of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels is present embodiments provided, it comprises the following steps：
(1) steel processed：1 charging of electric furnace, high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron 60ton, general carbon steel 6ton are loaded into electric furnace；The same time-division
Batch is by high hopper toward putting into 7920Kg quick limes in stove；For dephosphorization, the defective material of electric furnace 1 is powered since 7 grades of low-grade location
Starting the arc energization 3987KWh, then change to high tap position 15 grades and be energized to 7986KWh, then roll back 7 grades and be energized to 18677KWh,
Stop being powered；When turn on angle probably reaches 10650KWh, start with furnace door oxygen lance and be blown into 1574Nm3；Turn on angle reaches
After 18677KWh, according to bits state in stove, fluorite slugging is put into, and oxygen is blown into using furnace wall burner oxygen blast pattern
100Nm3Molten steel is stirred, while with 7 grades of energization 2000KWh and carries out flowing slag operation, the stream quantity of slag is 13.2Ton, flows slag
After the end of job, prepare 2 chargings；
2 chargings of electric furnace, high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron 50ton, general carbon steel 1ton are loaded into electric furnace, and start in batches toward stove
Input lime 5731kg in sub；22973KWh equally is energized to low-grade 7 grades of starting the arc, 15 grades is then gone to and is energized to
25432KWh, 30387KWh then is energized to using 7 grades, stops lasting being powered；Furnace door oxygen lance is utilized while being initially powered up
Oxygen 3257Nm is blown into toward stove3(about 51 minutes).After step 7 stops lasting being powered, according to bits state in stove, input
The mobility of fluorite (putting into 1.8 tons altogether twice) increase slag；And while being powered with 3 grades of interruptions, blown using furnace wall burner
(burner oxygen blast in furnace wall is blown into oxygen 751Nm to oxygen altogether twice3) molten steel is stirred, and carry out flowing slag operation, the stream quantity of slag is
5.1Ton, go out soup after the end of job；Wherein, the total electricity in technical process is 38617KWh；After molten soup is quickly thoroughly skimmed, convert
Enter AOD refining furnaces and carry out refining process, refining furnace carries out decarburization, desulfurization, deoxidation operation and put into according to tapping target component each
Kind alloyed iron 48964Kg, taps after smelting 91min.
The heat size of electric furnace employed in the present embodiment is 140 tons, and the electric quantity data in embodiment is from the 1st energization
Start the accumulated number of meter.By percentage to the quality, the main component of furnace charge high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron includes C≤4.5%, Cr：
1.0-5.0%, Si≤4.0%, S≤0.04%, P：0.03%-0.100%, Cu≤0.1%, Mn≤0.5%, Ni：3.0%-
15.0%, surplus Fe；It is final to obtain C≤0.02%, Si：0.3%-0.5%, Mn：1.2%-1.4%, Ni：12.01%-
12.5%, Cr：17.1%-17.9%, Mo：3.01%-3.3%, N≤0.04%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.02%, surplus are
Fe and other inevitable elements.
(2) hot rolling：Using HSS rolls, by change width, and hot rolling calendering shuffling, hot rolling is carried out to raw material slab
Calendering, obtains the stainless steel after hot rolling；
(3) hot-roll annealing pickling：To the stainless steel after the hot rolling 1070 DEG C carry out continuous annealings, and using scale breading-
The continuous acid-washing technique of ball blast-nitration mixture carries out pickling to remove oxide, wherein ball blast to the stainless steel plate after the hot-roll annealing
Flow is controlled in 600kg/min, obtains the stainless steel after hot-roll annealing pickling；
(4) cold rolling：Cold rolling is carried out to the stainless steel plate after the hot-roll annealing pickling using cold-rolling mill, total reduction is
50%, wherein, it is using roughness using the working roll that roughness is 0.25 μm, last 2 passages before the passage of end 2 of the cold-rolling mill
0.07 μm of working roll, is cold-rolled to target thickness, obtains the stainless steel plate after cold rolling；
(5) cold rolled annealed pickling：Continuous annealing 2s is carried out at 1180 DEG C to the stainless steel plate after the cold rolling, and using electricity
The continuous acid-washing technique of solution-nitration mixture carries out pickling, is subsequently placed in planisher, smooth with the progress of 2300KN roll-forces, obtains cold
Roll the stainless steel plate after annealing and pickling；
(6) finishing：Finishing is carried out to the stainless steel plate after the cold rolled annealed pickling, obtains corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels.
Stainless steel product general corrosion resistance performance evaluation：
By corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels made from the present embodiment and the ASTM316L (import), ASTM316L of market sale
(11Ni), SUS316L and ASTM316L stainless steels are respectively placed in same corrosive liquid carries out corrosion rate test at room temperature, its
As a result as shown in table 1,3 kinds of different corrosive liquids are respectively adopted in experiment 1-3, wherein, it is dense that the corrosive liquid that experiment 1 uses includes quality
Spend for 10% nitric acid, 3% hydrofluoric acid and 0.5% sodium chloride, the corrosive liquid that experiment 2 uses includes mass concentration for 11%
Nitric acid, 3% hydrofluoric acid and 0.5% sodium chloride, the corrosive liquids that use of experiment 3 including mass concentration for 12% nitric acid,
3% hydrofluoric acid and 0.5% sodium chloride.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels that the present embodiment manufacture obtains possess excellent resistance to corrosion,
Its anti-homogeneous corrosion ability is far above at present with 316L steel series.
By corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels made from the present embodiment and the ASTM316L (import), ASTM316L of market sale
(11Ni), SUS316L and ASTM316L stainless steel substrates carry out pitting test, and foundation using GB17897-1999 standards
GB18590-2001 standards are evaluated the point corrosion pit of each stainless steel substrates respectively, and evaluation result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
As can be seen from Table 2, compared with common 316L steel series, the corrosion-resistant 316L that the present embodiment manufacture obtains is stainless
Steel can effectively prevent the formation of point corrosion pit and grow up, and pitting corrosion resistant performance is more than 3 times of common 316L steel series.
By corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels made from the present embodiment and the ASTM316L (import), ASTM316L of market sale
(11Ni), SUS316L and ASTM316L stainless steels are respectively placed in same corrosive liquid the progress corrosion rate survey under 200 DEG C of high temperature
Examination, its result is as shown in table 3, and 3 kinds of different corrosive liquids are respectively adopted in experiment 1-3, wherein, the corrosive liquid that experiment 1 uses includes
Mass concentration is 10% nitric acid, 3% hydrofluoric acid and 0.5% sodium chloride, and the corrosive liquid that experiment 2 uses includes mass concentration
For 11% nitric acid, 3% hydrofluoric acid and 0.5% sodium chloride, the corrosive liquid that experiment 3 uses includes mass concentration for 12%
Nitric acid, 3% hydrofluoric acid and 0.5% sodium chloride.
Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels that the present embodiment manufacture obtains possess excellent high-temperature corrosion-resistance
Ability, its anti-homogeneous corrosion ability at 200 DEG C is far above at present with 316L steel series.
By the dyeing machine of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels obtained using the present embodiment manufacture with using common 316L Series Steels
The internal corrosion situation of the dyeing machine of kind after a long time use is compared, and its result is shown, is obtained using the present embodiment manufacture
For the dyeing machine of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels obtained after using 12 months, interior surface only has a small amount of mechanical damage point, has no a little
Erosion occurs, and uses the dyeing machine of common 316L materials after using 6 months, the visible obvious hot spot of interior surface,
And hot spot is more, corrosion depth is big.
From embodiment 1, the manufacture method of corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels provided by the invention, largely using high-phosphorus nickel-chromium
The pig iron is as raw material, and by composition adjustment, process reform reduces the production cost of slab, while has produced again in high temperature
It is lower that there is that good corrosive stainless steel new material.The stainless steel new material Cr and Ni contents, is improved not by increasing Mo
The corrosion resistance at high temperature of rust plate slab, the processability of stainless steel slab is improved, after reducing its following process
Magnetic, it is ensured that stainless steel slab obtain stable austenite structure, proper composition seam organization while, have both outstanding resistance to
Corrosive nature, meet the purposes in chemical industry as tank body material or heat exchange tube material of client's needs.
Claims (11)
- A kind of 1. corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels, it is characterised in that：By percentage to the quality, the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels include Following elemental constituent：C≤0.02%, Si：0.3%-0.5%, Mn：1.2%-1.4%, Ni：12.01%-12.5%, Cr： 17.1%-17.9%, Mo：3.01%-3.3%, N≤0.04%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.02%, surplus be Fe and other not Evitable element.
- 2. corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By percentage to the quality, the corrosion resistant Erosion 316L stainless steels include following elemental constituent：C：0.017%, Si：0.4%, Mn：1.25%, Ni：12.1%, Cr： 17.2%, Mo：3.1%, N：0.02%, P：0.02%, S：0.02%, surplus is Fe and other inevitable elements.
- 3. corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels Grain size be 7-9 levels, surface Vickers hardness is 150-180HV；Preferably, the grain size of the corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels is 8.5 grades, and surface Vickers hardness is 160HV.
- 4. the manufacture method of any one of the claim 1-3 corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels, it is characterised in that：The manufacture method It includes steel processed, hot rolling, hot-roll annealing pickling, cold rolling, cold rolled annealed pickling and correction step successively；In the cold rolled annealed acid pickling step, cold rolled annealed temperature is 1180 DEG C, time 2s；The roll-force of planisher is 2300KN。
- 5. manufacture method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The steel step processed uses secondary batching method, passes through Feeding intake and electric furnace dephosphorization twice, then tapped again through skimming, after refining desulfuration deoxidation twice, continuous casting obtains stainless steel slab, its In,Feed intake for 1st time including high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and the weight of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel ratio is 50: 5, 1st charge weight of lime accounts for the 12% of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel charge weight sum, and the 1st throwing amount to feed intake accounts for electricity The 33%-3% of heat size；Feed intake for 2nd time including high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, and the mass ratio of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is 50：5, 2nd charge weight of lime and the 1st charge weight sum are 33kg-3kg/ ton molten steel, and the 2nd throwing amount to feed intake accounts for electric furnace The 33%-3% of capacity.
- 6. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：By percentage to the quality, the high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron Including following elemental constituent：C≤4.5%, Cr：1.0-5.0%, Si≤4.0%, S≤0.04%, P：0.03%-0.100%, Cu≤0.1%, Mn≤0.5%, Ni：3.0%-15.0%, surplus Fe and other inevitable elements.
- 7. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Total turn on angle that No. the 1st electric furnace dephosphorization is powered is 190-240KWh/ molten steel, total turn on angle that No. the 2nd electric furnace dephosphorization is powered is 120-180KWh/ ton molten steel.
- 8. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：What No. the 1st electric furnace dephosphorization was blown into the electric furnace The total amount of oxygen is 10-20Nm3/ ton molten steel, the total amount for the oxygen that No. the 2nd electric furnace dephosphorization is blown into the electric furnace is 30- 40Nm3/ ton molten steel.
- 9. manufacture method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The steel step processed is specially：Being added into the electric furnace for 1st time includes the furnace charge of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, the 1st charge weight of furnace charge For the 33% of heat size, wherein, the weight ratio of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is 50: 5, and the 1st charge weight of lime accounts for high phosphorus The 12% of nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel charge weight sum；Carry out the 1st time it is lasting be powered, and in lasting galvanization the 1st time to institute State and oxygen is blown into electric furnace, it is 10-20Nm that the 1st time of oxygen, which is blown into total amount,3/ ton molten steel；When turn on angle reaches 180-230KWh/ During ton molten steel, stop lasting energization, be blown into oxygen into the electric furnace using furnace wall burner and furnace charge is stirred, in stirring While be powered and the 1st stream slag operation, wherein, to be interrupted operation, the total of the 1st energization is led to for furnace wall burner oxygen blast and energization Electricity is 190-240KWh/ molten steel；Loading into the electric furnace for 2nd time includes the furnace charge of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron, carbon steel and lime, the 2nd charge weight of furnace charge For the 33% of heat size, wherein, the weight ratio of high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel is 50: 5, the 1st charge weight of lime and the 2nd time Charge weight sum is 33kg-3kg/ ton molten steel；The 2nd lasting energization is carried out, while is blown into oxygen for the 2nd time into stove, the 1st time and the 2nd time the amount of oxygen being blown into is 30- 40Nm3/ ton molten steel；When turn on angle reaches 50-120KWh/ ton molten steel, stop lasting energization, using furnace wall burner into electric furnace It is blown into oxygen to be stirred furnace charge, while stirring be powered and the 2nd time is flowed slag operation, wherein, furnace wall burner oxygen blast It is interruption operation with energization, total turn on angle of the 2nd energization is 120-180KWh/ ton molten steel；After the P content of molten steel in the electric furnace is less than or equal to 350ppm, molten steel is skimmed, carries out refining production stainless steel；The turn on angle that total turn on angle of 1st energization includes the 1st turn on angle being persistently powered and interruption is powered；The turn on angle that total turn on angle of 2nd energization includes the 2nd turn on angle being persistently powered and interruption is powered.
- 10. manufacture method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Stream quantity of slag during the 1st stream slag operation is height The 20% of 1st charge weight of phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon steel, it is described 2nd time stream slag when the stream quantity of slag be high-phosphorus nickel-chromium pig iron and carbon The 10% of 2nd charge weight of steel；In described 1st time is flowed slag operation and the 2nd stream slag operation process, fluorite is put into respectively Slag, otal investment≤1.5 ton/stove of the fluorite.
- 11. any one of the claim 1-3 corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steels are used as tank body material or heat exchanger tube in chemical industry The application of material.
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Address after: 215625 Yangtze River Metallurgical Industrial Park, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Puxiang (Zhangjiagang) Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. Address before: 215625 Yangtze River Metallurgical Industrial Park, Zhangjiagang City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Puxiang Stainless Steel Co Ltd, Shangjiagang |
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Application publication date: 20180116 |