High Tg organic electronics transmission apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high Tg organic electronics transmission apparatus, using new Organic Electron Transport Material, by true
Sky is deposited into film preparation and obtained, including only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device and organic electroluminescence device.
Background technology
Only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device is one kind of single charge carrier device, is used for as power semiconductor arrangement
The switch or rectifier of intelligent digital power integrated circuit.Wherein electron transport material of the invention can also be applied to organic electroluminescence
Luminescent device and field-effect transistor.
Only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device is to lead between the electrode of two metals, inorganic matter or organic compound
The device for crossing spin coating or depositing one or more layers organic material and preparing.One classical one layer only pole of electronics organic semiconductor two
Tube device includes anode, electron transfer layer and negative electrode.Passed in multilayer only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device anode and electronics
Hole blocking layer can be added between defeated layer, and electron injecting layer can be added between electron transfer layer and negative electrode.Hole barrier
Layer, electron transfer layer and electron injecting layer are respectively by hole barrier materials, electron transport material and electron injection material composition.Even
After being connected to the voltage arrival cut-in voltage of only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device, electronics is through electric transmission as caused by negative electrode
Layer is transferred to anode, on the contrary, hole can not be injected from anode.Electric transmission only in electronics organic semiconductor diodes device
Material may be used on other semiconductor devices such as organic electroluminescence device.Organic electroluminescence device market is huge, thus surely
Application and popularization of fixed, the efficient Organic Electron Transport Material to organic electroluminescence device play an important roll, and are also simultaneously
The active demand of the application of organic electroluminescent large area Display panel.
The existing more electron transport material used of in the market is to bathophenanthroline (bathophenanthroline, BPhen)
With bathocuproine (bathocuproine, BCP), can substantially meet the market demand of organic electroluminescence panel, but its efficiency and
Stability still needs further to be improved.Analysis (sees below formula, the minute surface of molecular structure is empty from BPhen and BCP molecular structure
Line represents), its symmetrical structure can be such that molecule tendency stacks regularly, and the time may be readily formed as crystallizing later.Electron transport material
Once crystallization, intermolecular charge transtion mechanism follow the noncrystalline membrane mechanism in normal operation to differ, are led to electric transmission
Performance change.If the material of BPhen asymmetric molecular structures uses in organic electroluminescence device, the time can make whole later
Device conducts performance change, make electronics and hole charge mobility unbalance, be led to that device efficiency declines, it is also possible in device
Middle generation partial short-circuit, influences device stability, or even make component failure.(bibliography Journal of Applied
Physics 80,2883(1996);doi:10.1063/1.363140)
The content of the invention
The defects of for above-mentioned material, the present invention provide a kind of Organic Electron Transport Material system using high morphological stability
Only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device of standby long-life.
High Tg organic electronics transmission apparatus, comprising anode, negative electrode and organic layer, the anode and negative electrode are metal, inorganic
Thing or organic compound;The organic layer has the compound of formula (I) structure,
Wherein, the fluorenes link position of 9,9'- spiral shells two is 1-, 2-, 3-, or 4- position;Wherein, Ar1、Ar2Independently it is expressed as not taking
Generation or the C6-C25 aryl of C1-C6 substitutions.
It is preferred that:Ar1, Ar2Independently it is expressed as the substitution of C1-C5 alkyl either phenyl substitution or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthalene
Base, anthryl, phenanthryl, pyrenyl, base, fluoranthene base, (9,9- dialkyl group substitute or unsubstituting aromatic yl) fluorenyl or 9,9- are Spirofluorene-based.
It is preferred that:Wherein, the fluorenes link position of 9,9'- spiral shells two is 2- or 4- positions;Wherein, Ar1、Ar2Phenyl is independently expressed as,
Tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl, methyl naphthalene, xenyl, diphenyl phenyl, naphthylphenyl, diphenyl xenyl, (9,9- dioxanes
Base) fluorenyl, (9,9- dimethyl substitute or unsubstituted phenyl) fluorenyl, 9,9- is Spirofluorene-based.
It is preferred that:Ar1、Ar2It is expressed as phenyl.
It is preferred that:The fluorenes link position of 9,9'- spiral shells two is 2- or 4- positions;Compound described in formula (I) is having structure compound:
The high Tg organic electronics transmission apparatus is that only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device, the organic layer at least wraps
Include one layer of electron transfer layer.
The high Tg organic electronics transmission apparatus is organic electroluminescence device, and the organic layer comprises at least one layer and lighted
Layer.
The luminescent layer is the host-guest system system or single luminescent material body being made up of material of main part and guest materials
System.
The organic layer also includes one layer or two layers in hole transmission layer, electron injecting layer.
It is hole injection layer that the organic layer, which also includes, hole transmission layer, one layer in hole blocking layer, electron injecting layer
Or multilayer.
Contain the compound described in formula (I) in the hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer and/or luminescent layer.
The gross thickness of the organic layer is 1-1000nm, preferably 1-500nm, more preferably 5-300nm.
The organic layer can be crossed by steaming or spin coating forms film.
As mentioned above, the compound described in formula of the invention (I) is as follows, but is not limited to cited structure:
Material experiment shows that the compound described in formula (I) of the present invention has high glass-transition temperature, hence it is demonstrated that this hair
Compound described in bright formula (I) has the organic material of high morphological stability.Device experimental shows, uses the organic electronic of the present invention
Only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device and organic electroluminescence device prepared by transmission material is functional and stably, device
Long lifespan.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the device junction composition of the present invention,
Wherein 10 are represented as glass substrate, and 20 are represented as anode, and 30 are represented as hole blocking layer, and 40 are represented as electric transmission
Layer, 50 are represented as electron injecting layer, and 60 are represented as negative electrode.
Fig. 2 is compound 21H NMR scheme.
Fig. 3 is compound 213C NMR scheme.
Fig. 4 is that the HPLC of compound 2 schemes.
Fig. 5 is that the TGA of compound 2 schemes.
Fig. 6 is that the DSC of compound 2 schemes.
Fig. 7 is embodiment 2, embodiment 3, current density and the electric-field intensity graph of a relation of embodiment 4
Fig. 8 is comparative example 1, current density and the electric-field intensity graph of a relation of comparative example 2
Embodiment
In order to describe the present invention in more detail, especially exemplified by example below, but not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
The synthesis of compound 2
Reaction is launched:Tri- mouthfuls of reaction bulbs of 3L, magnetic agitation and low-reading thermometer are assembled, nitrogen purge 3 times, it is bromo- to add 2-
The fluorenes of 9,9'- spiral shell two (20.0g, 50.6mmol), anhydrous tetrahydro furan (1000mL), to dissolving, liquid nitrogen/ethanol bath cools down for stirring
To -90~-80 DEG C, the hexane solution (42mL, 1.25M) of n-BuLi is slowly added dropwise, below -75 DEG C of controlling reaction temperature,
After n-BuLi is all added dropwise, continue react 0.5h, be then added dropwise 4,7- diphenyl phenanthroline (25.0g, 75mmol)/
THF solution (1000mL), control below -75 DEG C of temperature, after being added dropwise, 8h is stirred at room temperature after adding solution, adds water (10mL)
Then 24h is stirred in atmosphere.After stopping reaction, THF is spin-dried for, adds water and ethyl acetate extraction, organic layer merges, and use is anhydrous
Magnesium sulfate dry after filter, filtrate is beaten after being spin-dried for acetone, filter, filtering medium be containing compound 2 (12.46g, yield 38.1%,
HPLC purity 99.2%).7.40g crude products are in vacuum (4x 10-5Torr) it is yellowish to obtain 5.11g after the completion of distilling for 320 DEG C of heating
Color powdery product, purity 99.5%.
Embodiment 2
The only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 1
Only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device is prepared using the Organic Electron Transport Material of the present invention
First, electrically conducting transparent ito glass substrate 10 (carrying anode 20 above) is passed through successively:Detergent solution and deionization
Water, ethanol, acetone, deionized water are cleaned, then with oxygen plasma treatment 30 seconds.
Then, steamed on ITO and cross the thick BCP of 5nm as hole blocking layer 30.
Then, steaming crosses the thick compounds 2 of 100nm and is used as electron transfer layer 40 on hole blocking layer.
Then, steam on the electron transport layer and cross the thick lithium fluoride of 1nm as electron injecting layer 50.
Finally, steamed on electron injecting layer and cross the thick aluminium of 100nm as device cathodes 60.
Electric current (space charge limited current, SCLC) current density and electric field are limited by using space
The relation of intensity such as formula (1):
Wherein, J is current density (mA cm-2), ε is relative dielectric constant (the usual value of organic material be 3), ε0It is true
Empty dielectric constant (8.85 × 10-14 C V-1 cm-1), E is electric-field intensity (V cm-1), L is the thickness (cm) of sample in device,
μ0It is the charge mobility (cm under zero electric field2 V-1 s-1), β is the Poole-Frenkel factors, represents mobility with electric-field intensity
The speed degree of change.
Prepared device is in E=1x 106Vcm-1Applied electric field under electron mobility be 4.25x 10-4cm2V-1s-1。
Structural formula described in device
Embodiment 2
The only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 2
As the only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 1, as repeated authentication data.
Embodiment 3
The only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 3
As the only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 1, as repeated authentication data.
Comparative example 1
The only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 4
Method uses conventional commercial compound TmPyPB to make contrast with only as electron transfer layer 40 with embodiment 2
Electronics organic semiconductor diodes device.
Prepared device is in E=1x 106Vcm-1Applied electric field under electron mobility be 1.34x 10-5cm2V-1s-1。
Structural formula described in device
Comparative example 2
The only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 5
As the only preparation of electronics organic semiconductor diodes device 4, as repeated authentication data.
Compare the glass transition temperature of material:
Comparator device 1-3 and 4-5 as shown by data material compound 2 is than conventional TmPyPB under identical applied electric field
Electron mobility is higher by 30 times, and glass transition temperature is higher by 3 times, because the glass transition temperature of device lifetime and material has
Close, the glass transition temperature of material is higher, and device stability is better, and the life-span is longer, therefore the material of the present invention is that one kind can answer
High morphological stability in long-life only electronics organic semiconductor diodes device and organic electroluminescence device it is organic
Electron transport material.