CN107579339B - A kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance - Google Patents
A kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN107579339B CN107579339B CN201710813385.7A CN201710813385A CN107579339B CN 107579339 B CN107579339 B CN 107579339B CN 201710813385 A CN201710813385 A CN 201710813385A CN 107579339 B CN107579339 B CN 107579339B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spiral near field antennas with group's reading performance, including feed layer and helical antenna layer；Feed layer includes feed layer medium substrate (1), the feed circuit (2) being set to above feed layer medium substrate (1) and the metal floor (5) being set to below feed layer medium substrate (1)；Helical antenna layer includes antenna stack medium substrate (3) and the spiral metal circuit (4) being set to above antenna stack medium substrate (3)；Feed circuit (2) includes at least one feed element (7), and spiral metal circuit (4) includes at least one four arm spiral element (8)；Each feed element (7) include four feed ports, respectively export relative phase be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal；Feed port is attached by feeding copper post (6) with four arm spiral elements (8).The ability for reading label the invention enables near field antenna group substantially enhances, and the probability for misreading non-read-write area label substantially reduces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates near field antennas, more particularly to a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance.
Background technique
The RFID application scenarios of uhf band multiplicity very rich, element are as follows: reader reads and writes day
Line, label, groundwork process are as follows: reader, which issues order, makes read-write antenna emit electromagnetic wave, after label receives electromagnetic wave
Reflection includes the electromagnetic wave of label information, and read-write antenna receives the electromagnetic wave comprising label information, and reader obtains label information.
It is achieved in contactless identity information identification.
But traditional uhf band RFID application is general all for remote, the identification of low predicted quantitative objectives；Such as it is arrived 1
10 or so targets are identified within the scope of 10 meters；And work as the space of near-range that target labels are located at antenna, such as when antenna surface,
Often there is partial region can not read label completely, and this region is referred to as " near field blind spot "；Meanwhile even if to single mark
There is no the traditional antennas of near field blind spot also can not read completely target when destination number is more for label, such as places 100
A target labels, traditional antenna may can only read 50 therein；Both problems result in a common defect: to mark
It is poor that the group of label reads ability；In addition to this, the traditional antenna problem not accurate there is also readable region boundary Control, for example, we
Traditional antenna surface placed 10 object to be measured labels, if but there is also other 2 non-mesh within the scope of 1 meter around the antenna
Label is marked, then traditional antenna may read 12 targets at this time, and this defect is known as " it is undesirable to misread control ".
The defect of both the above traditional antenna: group's reading ability is poor, it is undesirable to misread control, all seriously constrains uhf band
Application of the RFID under several scenes；Such as: the requirement of jewelry quantity disk point symmetry groups reading performance is high, and traditional antenna is unable to satisfy
It is required that；Unmanned Supermarket account-settling platform requires high to misreading control, and a when shopper checkout cannot read in customer's hand below
Commodity, traditional antenna are unable to satisfy the requirement；File administration to group read and misread control require it is all high, be unable to skip archives,
The archives to side can not be misread, traditional antenna is unable to satisfy the requirement.
Summary of the invention
The spiral near field day that it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of with group's reading performance
Line, so that the ability that near field antenna group reads label substantially enhances, the probability for misreading non-read-write area label substantially reduces.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of spiral near field with group's reading performance day
Line, including feed layer and helical antenna layer；The feed layer includes feed layer medium substrate, is set on feed layer medium substrate
The feed circuit of side and the metal floor being set to below feed layer medium substrate；The helical antenna layer includes antenna stack medium
Substrate and the spiral metal circuit being set to above antenna stack medium substrate；The feed circuit includes that at least one feed is single
Member, the spiral metal circuit include at least one four arm spiral element；Feed element described in each includes four feeds
Port, four feed ports export respectively relative phase be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal；The feed element
Feed port is attached by feed copper post with four arm spiral elements.
Preferably, the feed element includes the first power splitter, the second power splitter and third power splitter；First function point
The input terminal of device receives input signal, and the output end of the first power splitter is separately connected the second function point by two sections of isometric microstrip lines
The input terminal of device and third power splitter；The output end of second power splitter is separately connected the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line；Third function
The output end of device is divided to be separately connected third microstrip line and the 4th microstrip line；First microstrip line, the second microstrip line, third micro-strip
It is 0 degree that line and the 4th microstrip line export relative phase respectively, 90 degree, 180 degree, and 270 degree of signal, and the end of four microstrip lines
Hold four feed ports as feed element.
First power splitter, the second power splitter and third power splitter are Wilkinson power divider.
Preferably, when feed circuit includes more than one feed element, input signal carries out power through power splitter group
After mean allocation, each feed element is connected by isometric microstrip line.The power splitter group includes one or more Weir gold
Gloomy power splitter.
Length between first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, third microstrip line and the 4th microstrip line is in equal difference alternation
Rule.
Wherein, the four arms spiral element include four be successively in 90 degree of rotational symmetry relationships spiral arm, four spiral arms
End connects the feed port of the feed element as feeding point by feeding copper post respectively.
Preferably, each spiral arm in the four arms spiral element is not in contact with each other.
Preferably, spiral arm described in each is successively orthogonal and end to end metal band is composed by several；
Each metal band length differs, and width is equal.
Preferably, when spiral metal circuit includes more than one four arms spiral element, adjacent four arms spiral element
It is oppositely oriented, and spiral arm end adjacent in different four arm spiral elements is connected by metal tape line, and the metal tape line is made
For feeding point, the feed port of feed element is connected by feed copper post.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the invention enables be bound in the form of electric and magnetic fields relative to traditional antenna
Energy proportion around antenna is bigger, and the energy proportion for being radiated distant spatial using electromagnetic wave as carrier is smaller；So that antenna
The group near field, which reads tag capabilities, substantially to enhance, and the probability for misreading non-read-write area label substantially reduces.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is spiral near field antenna overall structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of feed element；
Fig. 3 is the feed grid schematic diagram for the relative phase that multiple feed elements are formed；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of four arm spiral elements；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of spiral metal circuit in embodiment two；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of feed circuit in embodiment two；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of spiral metal circuit in embodiment three；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of feed circuit in embodiment three.
In figure, 1- feed layer medium substrate, 2- feed circuit, 3- antenna stack medium substrate, 4- spiral metal circuit, 5- gold
Possession plate, 6- feed copper post, 7- feed element, tetra- arm spiral element of 8-, the first power splitter of 7.1-, the second power splitter of 7.2-,
7.3- third power splitter, the first microstrip line of 7.4-, the second microstrip line of 7.5-, 7.6- third microstrip line, the 4th microstrip line of 7.7-,
8.1- spiral arm, 9- power splitter group.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
It is as described below.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance, including feed layer and helical antenna layer；It is described
Feed layer includes feed layer medium substrate 1, the feed circuit 2 for being set to 1 top of feed layer medium substrate and is set to feed layer
The metal floor 5 of 1 lower section of medium substrate；The helical antenna layer includes antenna stack medium substrate 3 and is set to antenna stack medium
The spiral metal circuit 4 of 3 top of substrate；The feed circuit 2 includes at least one feed element 7, the spiral metal circuit 4
Include at least one four arm spiral element 8；Feed element 7 described in each includes four feed ports, four feed ports
Respectively output relative phase be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal；The feed port of the feed element 7 passes through feed
Copper post 6 is attached with four arm spiral elements 8.
As shown in Fig. 2, the feed element 7 includes the first power splitter 7.1, the second power splitter 7.2 and third power splitter
7.3；The input terminal of first power splitter 7.1 receives input signal, and the output end of the first power splitter 7.1 is isometric by two sections
Microstrip line is separately connected the input terminal of the second power splitter 7.2 and third power splitter 7.3；The output end of second power splitter 7.2 is distinguished
Connect the first microstrip line 7.4, the second microstrip line 7.5；The output end of third power splitter 7.3 is separately connected 7.6 He of third microstrip line
4th microstrip line 7.7；First microstrip line 7.4, the second microstrip line 7.5, third microstrip line 7.6 and the 4th microstrip line 7.7 divide
Not Shu Chu relative phase be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal, and the end of four microstrip lines is as feed element 7
Four feed ports.Wherein first power splitter 7.1, the second power splitter 7.2 and third power splitter 7.3 are Wilkinson
Power splitter.
When feed circuit 2 includes more than one feed element 7, power is averaged by input signal through power splitter group 9
After distribution, each feed element 7 is connected by isometric microstrip line.The power splitter group 9 includes one or more Wilkinsons
Power splitter.
As shown in figure 3, the four arms spiral element 8 include four successively be in 90 degree of rotational symmetry relationships spiral arm 8.1, four
The end of spiral arm 8.1 is separately connected the feed port of the feed element 7 as feeding point.In the four arms spiral element 8
Each spiral arm 8.1 be not in contact with each other.Spiral arm 8.1 described in each is by several successively orthogonal and end to end metal bands
It is composed；And each metal band length differs, width is equal.
When spiral metal circuit 4 includes more than one four arms spiral element 8, the rotation direction of adjacent four arms spiral element 8
On the contrary, and 8.1 end of spiral arm adjacent in different four arm spiral elements 8 be connected by metal tape line, and metal tape line work
The feed port of feed element 7 is connected for common feeding point.
In specific process, the feed layer can be formed by PCB mask-making technology, the two sides of feed layer medium substrate 1
Has metal, upper layer metal is etched by PCB technology, forms corresponding microstrip line, and weld power splitter in corresponding position
To form feed circuit 2,1 lower metal of feed layer medium substrate is as metal floor 5.
The helical antenna layer can be formed by PCB mask-making technology, have metal above antenna stack medium substrate 3；Pass through
PCB technology is etched the metal layer of 3 top of antenna stack medium substrate, to obtain spiral metal circuit 4；Or directly
Spiral metal circuit 4 is processed with sheet metal process, antenna stack medium substrate is not necessarily to, directly consolidates metal spiral circuit 4 with certain
Determine mode and is fixed on same position.
In this application, first microstrip line 7.4, the second microstrip line 7.5, third microstrip line 7.6 and the 4th microstrip line
Length between 7.7 is in equal difference gradation law, (in Fig. 2, if arranging according to sequence from small to large, the first microstrip line
7.4, the 4th microstrip line 7.7, third microstrip line 7.6, the second microstrip line 7.5 is successively in equal difference arrangement), therefore, in the same feedback
In electric unit 7, each micro-strip phase of line is successively incremented by 90 degree or 90 degree incremental counterclockwise clockwise, and (this mode is inverse in Fig. 2
Hour hands are incremented by 90 degree)；Even if change four microstrip lines around thread path (as long as keep two-by-two wire length alternation differ 90 degree of phases)
Or change the arrangement of power splitter group 9 so that shape seems entirely different, but actually can still reach corresponding effect；When
When feed circuit 2 includes more than one feed element 7, the feed of adjacent feed element is oppositely oriented；It ultimately forms such as Fig. 3 institute
Show the feed grid of relative phase, and a portion can be only used according to actual needs or expand bigger.
In one embodiment of the application, spiral metal circuit only includes a four arms spiral element shown in Fig. 4
8；Feed circuit only includes a feed element 7 shown in Fig. 2 at this time；Four spiral arms 8.1 of spiral metal circuit 8 pass through respectively
One feed copper post 6 connects the feed port of a feed element 7；At this point, the feed pad of antenna is connected in feed element 7
The input terminal of first power splitter 7.1；After energy is inputted by the first power splitter 7.1, the first power splitter 7.1, which divides power one, is
Two, then power is carried out to signal again by the second power splitter 7.2 and third power splitter 7.3 and is divided equally, obtain the identical letter of 4 power
Number, through the first microstrip line 7.4, the second microstrip line 7.5, third microstrip line 7.6 and the 4th microstrip line 7.7, forming relative phase is 0
Degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal, signal is transmitted by feeding copper post 6 as feed port in each microstrip line end
To four arm spiral elements 8, signal transmission is carried out by four arm spiral elements 8.
As shown in figure 5, spiral metal circuit 4 includes three four arm spiral elements in second embodiment of the application
8, adjacent four arm spiral element 8 it is oppositely oriented (it should be noted that the rotation direction of four arm spirals refers to its geometry, including
Ecto-entad screws in clockwise and screws in counterclockwise two kinds)；Also, the adjacent end of spiral arm 8.1 connects in each four arms spiral element 8
It is connected together, as common feeding point (tetra- feeding points of BCEH in such as Fig. 4), therefore in the embodiment, although including three
Four arm spiral elements 8, but practical only eight feeding points；In the embodiment, feed circuit 2 is as shown in fig. 6, include two feeds
Unit 7, and in the embodiment power splitter group 9 include a Wilkinson power divider, the feed pad of antenna is connected to the prestige
The input terminal of Er Jinsen power splitter after being divided into two by Wilkinson power divider to input signal power, is re-fed into two feedbacks
In electric unit 7, signal is handled by two feed elements 7, obtain two groups of relative phases be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270
The signal of degree；Eight feeding points for being transferred to spiral metal circuit 4 by feeding copper post 6 again, by four in spiral metal circuit 4
Arm spiral element 8 carries out signal transmission；For example, ABCD feeding point connects in a feed element 7 four feed ports, successively
The relative phase of input signal be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree；EFGH feeding point connects four of another feed element 7
Feed port, sequentially input signal relative phase be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree；Ensure that each four arm spiral shell
It revolving in unit 8, the relative phase that each spiral arm 8.1 transmits signal is followed successively by 0 degree, and 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree.
As shown in fig. 7, spiral metal circuit 4 includes nine four arm spiral elements in the third embodiment of the application
8, it arranges in 3*3, since the adjacent end of spiral arm 8.1 in each four arms spiral element 8 links together, as common feed
Point, therefore practical only 16 feeding points (A ~ P in such as figure) of the embodiment；In the embodiment, feed circuit 2 is as shown in figure 8, include
Four feed elements 7, power splitter group 9 include three Wilkinson power dividers, and the feed pad of antenna is connected to one of prestige
The input terminal of Er Jinsen power splitter, the output end of the Wilkinson power divider connect other two Weir gold in power splitter group 9
The input terminal of gloomy power splitter；Allow power splitter group to obtain the signal of four equal-wattages, is respectively fed to four feed elements 7
The first power splitter 7.1 in, obtain four groups of (every group four) relative phases be 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal passes through
Feed copper post 6 is transferred to the feeding point of spiral metal circuit 4, transmits signal outward by spiral metal circuit 4.
It in this application, is all one end feed for any bar spiral arm 8.1 in four arm spiral elements 8, the other end is outstanding
Empty state；Standing wave distribution on spiral arm is in antinode and node alternating state, and the current strength of antinodal point is become with periodic regularity
Change, in one cycle, is decreased to " zero " by " positive maximum " and is enhanced to " negative sense is maximum " again to be decreased to " zero " again；Due to four arms
The design of spiral arm 8.1 and physical spatial location arrangement of spiral element 8, so that two adjacent spiral arms are wave at same position one
Abdomen, one is node；That is, realizing two-arm adjacent electricity by geometry in the same four arms spiral element 8
Stream difference is 90 degree；Simultaneously we further through feed structure design, microstrip line in each feed element 7 (the first microstrip line 7.4,
Second microstrip line 7.5, third microstrip line 7.6 and the 4th microstrip line 7.7) between length be in equal difference alternation so that the electricity of two-arm
Stream difference is further added by 90 degree.Differing the electric current of two-arm adjacent is 180 degree, i.e. electric current is reversed；Due to this good
Current phase relationship so that electric and magnetic fields are largely strapped in around spiral arm, only a small amount of radiation.Therefore, it compares and biography
Antenna of uniting the invention enables the energy proportion being bound in around antenna in the form of electric and magnetic fields is bigger is with electromagnetic wave
The energy proportion that carrier is radiated distant spatial is smaller；So that the group of antenna near-field reads tag capabilities and substantially enhances, non-reading is misread
The probability for writing area label substantially reduces.Our experiments show that the present invention reads 200 labels simultaneously within the scope of Antenna aperture
When, skip rate is lower than 1%, and will not be read away from the label except Antenna aperture 5cm；Due to spiral element variable amounts, this hair
It is bright to be needed to change size according to actual scene, the spiral element of different numbers is selected, the mouth face area of entire antenna is adjusted.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance, it is characterised in that: including feed layer and helical antenna layer；The feedback
Electric layer includes feed layer medium substrate (1), the feed circuit (2) being set to above feed layer medium substrate (1) and is set to feedback
Metal floor (5) below electric layer medium substrate (1)；The helical antenna layer includes antenna stack medium substrate (3) and is set to
Spiral metal circuit (4) above antenna stack medium substrate (3)；The feed circuit (2) includes at least one feed element
(7), the spiral metal circuit (4) includes at least one four arm spiral element (8)；Feed element (7) packet described in each
Including four feed ports, it is 0 degree that four feed ports export relative phase respectively, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree of signal；It is described
The feed port of feed element (7) is attached by feeding copper post (6) with four arm spiral elements (8)；
The four arms spiral element (8) includes four successively in the spiral arm (8.1) of 90 degree of rotational symmetry relationships, four spiral arms
(8.1) rotational end from the inside to the outside connects the feedback of the feed element (7) as feeding point by feed copper post (6) respectively
Electric port；Spiral arm described in each (8.1) is successively orthogonal and end to end metal band is composed by several；Respectively
Metal band length differs, and width is equal；
The feed element (7) includes the first power splitter (7.1), the second power splitter (7.2) and third power splitter (7.3)；It is described
The input terminal of first power splitter (7.1) receives input signal, and the output end of the first power splitter (7.1) passes through two sections of isometric micro-strips
Line is separately connected the input terminal of the second power splitter (7.2) and third power splitter (7.3)；The output end of second power splitter (7.2) point
The first microstrip line (7.4), the second microstrip line (7.5) are not connected；The output end of third power splitter (7.3) is separately connected third micro-strip
Line (7.6) and the 4th microstrip line (7.7)；First microstrip line (7.4), the second microstrip line (7.5), third microstrip line (7.6)
Exporting relative phase respectively with the 4th microstrip line (7.7) is 0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, and 270 degree of signal, and four microstrip lines
Four feed ports of the end as feed element (7)；
In the same four arms spiral element (8), realize that two-arm adjacent electric current difference is 90 degree；Micro-strip in each feed element (7)
Length between line is in equal difference alternation, so that the electric current difference of two-arm is further added by 90 degree, finally makes the electric current of two-arm adjacent
Difference is 180 degree, i.e. electric current is reversed.
2. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first function
Dividing device (7.1), the second power splitter (7.2) and third power splitter (7.3) is Wilkinson power divider.
3. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: feed circuit
(2) when including more than one feed element (7), input signal passes through after power is distributed equally power splitter group (9)
Isometric microstrip line connects each feed element (7).
4. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the power splitter
Group (9) includes one or more Wilkinson power dividers.
5. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described first is micro-
It is passed with the length between line (7.4), the second microstrip line (7.5), third microstrip line (7.6) and the 4th microstrip line (7.7) in equal difference
Become rule.
6. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the four arms spiral shell
Each spiral arm (8.1) in rotation unit (8) is not in contact with each other.
7. a kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: work as spiral metal
When circuit (4) includes more than one four arms spiral element (8), adjacent four arms spiral element (8) it is oppositely oriented, and difference four
Adjacent spiral arm (8.1) end is connected by metal tape line in arm spiral element (8), and the metal tape line is as feeding point,
Pass through the feed port of feed copper post (6) connection feed element (7).
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| CN201710813385.7A CN107579339B (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2017-09-11 | A kind of spiral near field antenna with group's reading performance |
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| CN110544821A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-06 | 云南电网有限责任公司保山供电局 | Transmission line corona discharge detecting system |
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