CN107577899A - A kind of Three Dimensional Discrete Element characterizing method of rock mass random structure plane - Google Patents
A kind of Three Dimensional Discrete Element characterizing method of rock mass random structure plane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Three Dimensional Discrete Element characterizing method of rock mass random structure plane, it is primarily based on required rock mass random structure plane three-dimensional network numerical model scope, the equivalent redius of each random structure plane is determined, radius threshold is set, the structural plane less than threshold value is not modeled；Then the structural plane modeled to needs, each structural plane is sequentially generated in 3 d-dem meta software 3DEC according to the order of equivalent redius from big to small, and is hidden and the disjoint block of the structural plane before generation；Same structural plane is finally divided into real structure face part and virtual architecture face part, two parts are assigned with different mechanics parameters, accurately to define the real border of structural plane.The present invention ensures that a real structure face only needs cutting once, so as to reduce virtual architecture face quantity most possibly, drastically increases computational efficiency, overcomes calculation error caused by virtual architecture facial disfigurement parameter difficulty value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass structure modeling, in particular to a three-dimensional discrete element characterization method of a random rock mass structural plane.
Background
Indoor test results and engineering practical experience show that the rock mass structure plays a decisive role in rock mechanics, hydraulics and behaviors. Among them, the random structural plane of rock mass, which is equivalent to or slightly smaller than the engineering scale, is a problem to be focused on. In order to comprehensively recognize the random structural plane of the rock mass in the engineering area, the characteristics of some structural planes or some comprehensive indexes need to be calculated on the basis of the measurement and analysis of the random structural plane, so that the three-dimensional network simulation of the random structural plane is required. At present, the Monte-Carlo method is the most effective method for carrying out three-dimensional network simulation of a random structural plane, and the method is essentially the reverse process of statistical analysis. The random structure surface three-dimensional network simulation also comprises a computer graphic visualization technology, so that not only is the perceptual knowledge of the rock mass structure in the engineering area enhanced, but also some geometric characteristics or rock mass structure comprehensive indexes which cannot be measured can be conveniently solved through Boolean operation or other self-programming algorithms. The problem that the application of the three-dimensional network simulation of the random structural plane only stays at a geometric or graphic level at present, and because the mechanical calculation cannot be bypassed in order to really solve the problem of rock engineering, the research on how to effectively convert the three-dimensional network simulation of the random structural plane into a rock mechanical calculation model has very important significance.
At present, the method for representing the random structural surface of the rock mass in three-dimensional discrete element software (3 DEC) is mainly carried out by constructing a large number of virtual structural surfaces, namely, four virtual structural surfaces are required to be added for constructing one real structural surface, so that extremely low calculation efficiency is caused, and the constructed real structural surface can only be a quadrangle, so that the association with the estimated diameter of the structural surface is difficult. The increase in the number of virtual structural surfaces and the inaccuracy of the scale lead to the following results:
(1) Rock engineering sites usually have thousands of or even more than a hundred thousand of structural planes, and if a part of large-scale structural planes are constructed, the number of the structural planes is huge. If a real structural surface is constructed by adding four virtual structural surfaces, massive deformed blocks are caused by a large amount of cutting, so that mesh subdivision is difficult to perform. Or even if mesh subdivision is successful, massive unit and node data can be caused, so that extremely low calculation efficiency is caused, and low-precision calculation results can be caused due to errors caused by slightly irregular units such as a normal stress unit, a contact judgment algorithm and a contact mechanics algorithm.
(2) The problems of inaccuracy of the scale of the real structural surface and difficulty in value taking of the deformation parameters of the virtual structural surface can cause distortion of a calculation result, so that rock mass engineering application is difficult to carry out.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional discrete element characterization method of a rock mass random structural plane, which reduces the number and scale of virtual structural planes to the maximum extent, considers a real structural plane as a circle and measures the diameter accurately.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a three-dimensional discrete element characterization method for a random structural plane of a rock mass comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the equivalent radius of each random structure surface based on the three-dimensional network numerical model range of the random structure surface of the rock mass, setting a radius threshold value, and not modeling the structure surface smaller than the threshold value;
step 2: sequentially generating structural surfaces to be modeled in three-dimensional discrete element software 3DEC according to the sequence of equivalent radius from large to small, and hiding blocks which are not intersected with the structural surfaces before generation;
and 3, step 3: the same structural surface is divided into a real structural surface part and a virtual structural surface part, and different mechanical parameters are given to the two parts so as to accurately define the real boundary of the structural surface.
Further, the method for calculating the equivalent radius of each random structure surface in step 1 is as follows:
based on the data of each random structural plane generated by the Monte-Carlo method, according to the required three-dimensional network numerical model range of the rock random structural plane, firstly, whether the central point of the structural plane is in the numerical model range is judged, and the judgment formula is as follows:
wherein, J P To determine the variable, P i Is a coordinate value of the center point P, P x 、P y And P z Respectively the x, y and z coordinate values of the central point P,andthe maximum value and the minimum value of the numerical model boundary are respectively;
let R P The radius of the structural surface with the center point P is the equivalent radius of the structural surfaceThe solution of (c) is as follows:
(1)J P if =0, the center point P is within the numerical model, and the equivalent radius of the structural surface
(2)R P >J P &And gt, 0, calculating the equivalent radius of the structural surface as follows:
(3)J P >R P then the structural plane does not intersect with the numerical model, and the structural plane has equivalent radius
Further, the step 2 specifically includes:
step 21: generating a structural surface with the largest equivalent radius by adopting a structural surface cutting command;
step 22: extracting the coordinates of the center point and the vertex of each block, and calculating the maximum value R of the distance between the center point and the vertex of each block max Using the center point of each block as the center of a circle R max Determining the maximum circumscribed sphere of the mass for the radius; extracting the geometric characteristics of the surface of each block, and calculating the minimum value R of the distance between the center point of each block and the surface min Using the center point of each block as the center of a circle R min Determining a minimum inscribed sphere of the mass for the radius;
step 23: if the distance L between the center point of the structural plane and the center point of a certain block body pc Greater than the equivalent radius R of the structural surface p eqv Plus the maximum circumscribed spherical radius R of the block max Then hide the block; if the distance L between the center point of the structural plane and the center point of a certain block body pc Less than the smallest inscribed sphere radius R of the block min Minus the equivalent radius R of the structural plane p eqv If so, only the block is displayed, and all other blocks are hidden; after the command of displaying or hiding the block is executed, starting to cut and generate the structural surface;
step 24: and (4) sequentially generating other structural surfaces according to the sequence of the equivalent radius of the structural surface from large to small by using the same judgment method as the steps 22 and 23.
Further, the step 3 specifically includes:
let the center point of the structural plane be (x) 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) Radius r of 0 Traversing all nodes on the structural surface, and if the nodes meet the following formula, giving the mechanical parameters of the real structural surface, otherwise giving the mechanical parameters of the virtual structural surface:
wherein: a. b and c are the x, y and z coordinate values of the structural surface node respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The cutting of a real structural surface is only required once, and any virtual structural surface is not required to be additionally added, so that the number of virtual structural surfaces is reduced to the maximum extent;
(2) According to the sequence of the radius of the structural surface from large to small and the judgment mode of the block external sphere and the block internal sphere, the block which is not intersected with the structural surface is ensured not to be cut, so that the area of the virtual structural surface is reduced;
(3) The real structural surface and the virtual structural surface are distinguished by the mechanical parameters, the scale of the constructed real structural surface can be ensured to be consistent with the reality, and the influence of the mechanical parameters of the virtual structural surface on the calculation result can be artificially controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional discrete element characterization method of a random structural plane of a rock mass according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structural surface equivalent radius calculation model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the spatial relationship between the structural plane and the circumscribed and inscribed spheres of the block;
fig. 4 is a diagram of discrete element characterization of the same structural plane divided into a real structural plane part and a virtual structural plane part;
FIG. 5 is a view of the northeast of the three-dimensional network simulation of the random structural plane of the rock mass in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a southeast isometric view of a three-dimensional network simulation of a random structural plane of a rock mass in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of discrete element characterization of a random structural plane of a rock mass in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a three-dimensional discrete element characterization method of a random structural plane of a rock mass comprises the following specific implementation methods:
(1) Sampling a random structural plane of a rock mass by adopting a line measurement method or a window measurement method, obtaining statistical characteristics such as occurrence, diameter, bulk density and the like of the random structural plane based on a statistical analysis theory of the random structural plane of the rock mass, determining a generation area and an application area range of three-dimensional network simulation of the random structural plane, generating data of each structural plane by adopting a Monte-Carlo method, determining an equivalent radius of each random structural plane by adopting the following method based on a required numerical model range, sequencing the structural planes from large to small according to the radius, and setting a radius threshold value of the structural plane, wherein the structural plane smaller than the threshold value is not modeled;
based on each random structural plane data generated by the Monte-Carlo method, according to the required numerical model range, firstly judging whether the central point of the structural plane is in the numerical model range, wherein the judgment formula is as follows:
wherein, J P To determine the variable, P i Is the coordinate values of the x, y and z axes of the central point P,andrespectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the boundary of the numerical model x, y and z;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model for calculating equivalent radius of structural surface, assuming R P The radius of the structural surface with the central point P is the equivalent radius R p eqv The solution of (c) is as follows:
a)J P =0, then the central point is in the numerical model, and the equivalent radius R of the structural plane is taken p eqv ＝R P ；
b)R P >J P &And gt, 0, the solving method of the equivalent radius of the structural surface is as follows:
c)J P >R P then the structural surface can not intersect with the numerical model, and the equivalent radius R of the structural surface is taken p eqv ＝0。
(2) For structural surfaces needing modeling, sequentially generating the structural surfaces in three-dimensional discrete element software (3 DEC) according to the sequence of equivalent radii from large to small, and hiding blocks which do not intersect with the structural surfaces before generation. The method comprises the following specific steps:
a) And adopting a structural surface cutting command to firstly generate a structural surface with the largest equivalent radius.
b) Extracting the coordinates of the center point and the vertex of each block, and calculating the maximum value R of the distance between the center point and the vertex of each block max And taking the center point of each block body as the center of a circle R max Determining the maximum circumscribed sphere of the block for the radius; extracting the geometric characteristics of the surface of each block, and calculating the minimum value R of the distance between the center point of each block and the surface min And taking the center point of each block body as the center of a circle R min The smallest inscribed sphere of the block is determined for the radius.
c) If the distance L between the center point of the structural plane and the center point of a certain block body pc Greater than the equivalent radius R of the structural surface p eqv Plus the maximum circumscribed spherical radius R of the block max If the structural surface is on the periphery of the maximum external ball of the block body, the block body is hidden; if the distance L between the center point of the structural plane and the center point of a certain block body pc Less than the smallest inscribed sphere radius R of the block min Minus the equivalent radius R of the structural plane p eqv If the structural plane is inside the smallest inscribed sphere of the block, only the block is shown, and all other blocks are hidden. Display or hideAnd after the block command is executed, starting to cut to generate the structural surface. Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the spatial relationship between the structural plane and the circumscribed and inscribed spheres of the block.
d) And sequentially generating other structural surfaces according to the sequence of the equivalent radius of the structural surfaces from large to small by using the same judgment method as the steps 2 b) and 2 c).
The four steps 2 a) to 2 d) are all realized by adopting a 3DEC command and a FISH language, wherein the structural surface geometric information is read in an external file by using the FISH language and then stored in an array, and the structural surface geometric information can be stored in a txt document.
(3) The same structural plane is divided into a real structural plane part and a virtual structural plane part, and different mechanical parameters are given to the two parts so as to accurately define the real boundary of each structural plane. The main purpose of the above two steps (1) and (2) is to omit the smaller scale structural surface and not to generate any additional virtual structural surface, but the cutting generates the structural surface with a larger scale than the real structural surface. Therefore, the boundary of each structural surface needs to be accurately defined through the step (3).
As shown in fig. 4, the same structural plane is divided into a discrete element representation diagram of a real structural plane part and a virtual structural plane part, and the central point of a structural plane is assumed to be (x) 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) Radius r of 0 Traversing all nodes on the structural surface by applying FISH language in three-dimensional discrete element software (3 DEC), and giving the mechanical parameters of the real structural surface when the nodes meet the following formula, otherwise giving the mechanical parameters of the virtual structural surface:
in the formula: a. b and c are the x, y and z coordinate values of the structural surface node respectively.
The statistical characteristics of the random structural plane of the rock mass obtained by a half-trace length measuring line method in a certain engineering field are assumed to be shown in tables 1-3. Selecting cube regions of 110 mx 150 mx 110m as generating regions of three-dimensional network simulation of the structural surface, generating 36026 structural surfaces together, and taking middle 60 mx 100 mx 60m as an application region, wherein the three-dimensional network simulation is shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
| Group number | Mean radius | Average diameter |
| 1 | 7.55 | 15.11 |
| 2 | 5.20 | 10.39 |
| 3 | 5.07 | 10.13 |
| 4 | 5.34 | 10.67 |
| 5 | 4.87 | 9.74 |
TABLE 3
| Group number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Bulk Density (bars/m) 3 ) | 1.67×10 -3 | 2.70×10 -3 | 3.27×10 -3 | 4.72×10 -3 | 6.82×10 -3 |
Setting a cuboid region of 54m multiplied by 10m multiplied by 60m for discrete element characterization of the random structural surface of the underground engineering rock mass. Through statistics and calculation, 681 structural planes are totally arranged in the rectangular area. Sequencing according to the sequence of equivalent radius of each structural surface from large to small, setting the radius threshold value to be 2m, leaving 468 structural surfaces in total, and not performing subsequent processing and modeling on the structural surfaces with the radius smaller than 2 m. Programming is carried out according to the flow, and a finally constructed discrete element characterization graph is shown in figure 7 (containing underground cavern engineering entity units).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A three-dimensional discrete element characterization method for a rock mass random structural plane is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining the equivalent radius of each random structural surface based on the required three-dimensional network numerical model range of the rock random structural surface, setting a radius threshold value, and not modeling the structural surface smaller than the threshold value;
step 2: sequentially generating structural surfaces to be modeled in three-dimensional discrete element software 3DEC according to the sequence of equivalent radius from large to small, and hiding blocks which are not intersected with the structural surfaces before generation;
and step 3: the same structural surface is divided into a real structural surface part and a virtual structural surface part, and different mechanical parameters are given to the two parts so as to accurately define the real boundary of the structural surface.
2. The method for characterizing the three-dimensional discrete elements of the random structural surface of the rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the equivalent radius of each random structural surface in the step 1 is as follows:
based on the data of each random structural plane generated by the Monte-Carlo method, according to the required three-dimensional network numerical model range of the rock random structural plane, firstly, whether the central point of the structural plane is in the numerical model range is judged, and the judgment formula is as follows:
wherein, J P To determine the variable, P i Is a coordinate value of the center point P, P x 、P y And P z X, y and z coordinate values of the center point P,andthe maximum value and the minimum value of the numerical model boundary are respectively;
let R P The radius of the structural surface with the center point P is the equivalent radius of the structural surfaceThe solution of (c) is as follows:
(1)J P if =0, the center point P is within the numerical model, and the equivalent radius of the structural surface
(2)R P >J P &And gt, 0, calculating the equivalent radius of the structural surface as follows:
(3)J P >R P the structural surface does not intersect the numerical model, and the equivalent radius of the structural surface
3. The method for characterizing the three-dimensional discrete elements of the random structural plane of the rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 21: generating a structural surface with the largest equivalent radius by adopting a structural surface cutting command;
step 22: extracting the coordinates of the center point and the vertex of each block, and calculating the maximum value R of the distance between the center point and the vertex of each block max Using the center point of each block as the center of a circle R max Determining the maximum circumscribed sphere of the block for the radius;extracting the geometric characteristics of the surface of each block, and calculating the minimum value R of the distance between the center point of each block and the surface min Using the center point of each block as the center of a circle R min Determining a minimum inscribed sphere of the mass for the radius;
step 23: if the distance L between the center point of the structural plane and the center point of a certain block body pc Greater than the equivalent radius R of the structural surface p eqv Plus the maximum circumscribed spherical radius R of the block max Then hide the block; if the distance L between the center point of the structural plane and the center point of a certain block body pc Less than the smallest inscribed sphere radius R of the block min Minus the equivalent radius R of the structural plane p eqv If so, only the block is displayed, and all other blocks are hidden; after the command of displaying or hiding the block is executed, starting to cut and generate the structural surface;
and step 24: and (4) sequentially generating other structural surfaces according to the sequence of the equivalent radius of the structural surface from large to small by using the same judgment method as the steps 22 and 23.
4. The method for characterizing the three-dimensional discrete elements of the random structural plane of the rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
let the center point of the structural plane be (x) 0 ,y 0 ,z 0 ) Radius r 0 Traversing all the nodes on the structural surface, and if the nodes meet the following formula, giving the mechanical parameters of the real structural surface, otherwise giving the mechanical parameters of the virtual structural surface:
wherein: a. b and c are the x, y and z coordinate values of the structural surface node respectively.
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| CN113239600A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-08-10 | 成都理工大学 | Method for constructing two-dimensional random network model of complex rock mass |
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