CN107569455B - Method for preventing wall adhesion in traditional Chinese medicine electuary granules prepared by spray drying - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of preparation of traditional Chinese medicine granules, in particular to a method for preventing wall adhesion in the traditional Chinese medicine granules prepared by spray drying. The method utilizes the characteristic that the millet powder is cured to form a network, most of soluble components such as saccharides and the like in the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution are fixed in the network structure, so that the adhesiveness is reduced, agar colloid is taken as an isolating agent in one step, the colloid forms an adhesive film on the surfaces of fine particles of the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution and the millet powder for adsorbing medicaments, the agar colloid is condensed into a jelly-shaped solid isolating film in a primary drying tower, the solid isolating film is dried at high temperature in a secondary drying tower, and the agar colloid is completely dried to form a solid film, so that the uniformly dispersed traditional Chinese medicine granule particles are obtained. Not only effectively prevent the adhesion with the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer, but also effectively isolate the bonding between the granules. Overcomes the defect that the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying is easy to stick to the wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of traditional Chinese medicine granules, in particular to a method for preventing wall adhesion in the traditional Chinese medicine granules prepared by spray drying.
Background
With the gradual deep processing and fine processing of traditional Chinese medicines, the traditional decoction pieces are difficult to meet the rapid requirements of people, and the high-concentration traditional Chinese medicine granule becomes the main choice for the wide use of traditional Chinese medicines. Generally, the traditional Chinese medicine granule is obtained by drying a traditional Chinese medicine extraction concentrated solution, and a spray drying technology is generally adopted.
However, because the traditional Chinese medicine components are special and complex, the problems of nozzle blockage, wall sticking, caking and the like can occur in the spray drying process of the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution due to the inclusion of saccharides, starch and the like, and the drying quality is influenced. For example, in a drying tower with a high temperature, although the medicine is dried, the components thereof are hot-melt, and soften and adhere to the inner wall of the drying tower; incompletely dried drugs can wet and adhere to the tower wall; the fines may agglomerate and adhere to the walls of the column. The wall sticking phenomenon has serious consequences, firstly, the quality of the product is influenced, the material is stuck to the inner wall of the drying tower, and the material is easy to be burnt or deteriorated after being left at high temperature for a long time and falls into the finished product to influence the quality; moreover, the wall adhesion easily causes a large amount of waste, and the drying tower needs to be stopped for cleaning after working for a period of time, so that the production efficiency and the production stability are seriously influenced. Therefore, the defect of wall sticking in the spray drying process of preparing the traditional Chinese medicine granule becomes a very serious problem in the spray drying process.
At present, technical personnel carry out improvement research aiming at the problem of wall sticking in spray drying for preparing traditional Chinese medicine granules. If a jacket cooling tower wall, a low-temperature spray drying method and the like are adopted for a drying tower, the hot-melt medicine is prevented from softening and sticking to the wall, but under the low-temperature condition, the drying efficiency is low, and the wet agglomeration and wall sticking are easily caused; technicians also try to add auxiliary materials such as soluble starch, maltodextrin and the like, but the defect of hot melt adhesion can be overcome by adding a large amount of auxiliary materials; inorganic anti-caking agents such as magnesium oxide can be added, but too much inorganic anti-caking agent can reduce the dissolubility of the granules, is easy to precipitate and has poorer mouthfeel.
Even though the method can effectively relieve the phenomenon of the year round, the method of adding a large amount of auxiliary materials is adopted to change the adhesion property to overcome the problem of wall adhesion in the spray drying process. Even some auxiliary materials are added in an amount which is more than 1 time of the concentrated solution. However, although the problem of wall sticking is solved by the method of adding a large amount of auxiliary materials, for the traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, the prepared product does not achieve the purpose of concentration, but the dosage of a patient is greatly increased, and the method does not conform to the process design principle of the traditional Chinese medicine formula granules.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preventing wall adhesion in spray drying preparation of traditional Chinese medicine granules, aiming at the defect that the granules are easy to adhere to the inner wall of a drying tower when the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution is spray dried to prepare the granules. The method is characterized in that agar and fine cereal powder are pre-dispersed in a concentrated traditional Chinese medicine preparation, the cereal powder adsorbs the medicine, the agar is uniformly dispersed in a colloid, fine particles are dispersed in the colloid, a secondary drying tower is designed during spray drying, a first-stage low-temperature drying tower and a second-stage high-temperature drying tower are adopted, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation is primarily dried and remained in the pores of the cereal powder in the primary drying tower, a jelly-shaped solid isolating membrane is condensed to the surface of the particles along with cooling of the agar colloid, the adhesion between the traditional Chinese medicine preparation and the inner wall of the drying tower of a spray dryer is effectively prevented, the adhesion between the granules is effectively isolated, and further, the agar colloid is dried at high temperature in the secondary drying tower to form a solid membrane completely, so that the uniformly dispersed traditional Chinese medicine granule particles are obtained. The method preferably overcomes the defect that the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying is easy to stick to the wall, and the obtained traditional Chinese medicine granule has uniform size and uniform dispersion. Another significant advantage is that the infusion with boiling water quickly dissolves and disperses during storage due to the good moisture resistance of the solid film protection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing wall adhesion in traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying is characterized in that agar and fine cereal powder are pre-dispersed in a concentrated traditional Chinese medicine preparation and are prepared by spray drying, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) grinding the millet powder into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) grinding agar to fine powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
(3) adding 100kg of traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution with solid content of 15-25% into a stirring kettle, adding 0.5-1kg of the fine cereal powder prepared in the step (1), stirring at a rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 30-45min, setting the temperature of the stirring kettle at 70-80 ℃, uniformly dispersing and curing the fine cereal powder, and standing for more than 24h to obtain soluble components and fine particle components in the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution in a network structure fully adsorbed on the cereal powder;
(4) taking 0.3-0.5kg of the fine agar powder prepared in the step (2), adding 2-4kg of hot water for dissolving in advance, then adding the fine agar powder into the material aged in the step (3), and stirring uniformly;
(5) continuously feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a spray drying nozzle, spraying the material into a primary drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature to be 60-80 ℃, setting the air pressure to be 0.1-0.3MPa, and carrying out rotational flow along the inner wall of the drying tower;
(6) and (5) continuously feeding the material dried by the first-stage drying tower into a second-stage drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature of the second-stage drying tower to be 120 ℃ and the air pressure to be 0.1-0.3MPa, swirling along the inner wall of the drying tower, drying and screening to obtain the uniformly-granulated traditional Chinese medicine granules.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution is a traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution taking water or ethanol as an extraction solvent, is easy to adsorb to the cereal powder, and is well compatible with agar gel. The concentrated solution of the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated by the non-polar solvent is not recommended to be dried by the method of the invention.
Preferably, the first stage drying tower is provided with a cooling circulating water jacket to prevent the first stage drying temperature from being overhigh, and preferably, the agar colloid is gradually condensed into a jelly-shaped solid isolation film to be solidified on the surface of the particles to prevent the agar colloid from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer.
Preferably, the inner walls of the first stage drying tower and the second stage drying tower are provided with non-polar high polymer material inner walls, and polytetrafluoroethylene is further preferred.
The invention relates to a method for preventing wall adhesion in spray drying preparation of traditional Chinese medicine granules, which utilizes the characteristic that gluten powder is cured to form a network, so that most of soluble components such as saccharides in a traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution are fixed in the network structure, thereby reducing the adhesion. Drying at high temperature in a secondary drying tower, and completely drying the agar gel to form a solid film to obtain uniformly dispersed Chinese medicinal granule. Not only effectively prevent the adhesion with the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer, but also effectively isolate the bonding between the granules. Overcomes the defect that the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying is easy to stick to the wall.
By adopting the method of the invention, in the preparation of the traditional Chinese medicine electuary particles by spray drying, the defect that the traditional Chinese medicine electuary particles prepared by spray drying are easy to stick to the wall is overcome, the obtained traditional Chinese medicine electuary particles are uniform in size and uniform in dispersion, and have good moisture resistance due to the protection of a solid film in the storage process, so that the traditional Chinese medicine electuary particles are quickly dissolved and dispersed by boiling water for brewing in use.
Another preferable discovery is that through experiments and subsequent researches on the phellinus igniarius granule prepared by the method of the present invention, the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by the method of the present invention is easy to be uniformly dispersed in boiled water, and microscopic micelles thereof have certain sustained release and controlled release types after being taken. The sustained-release effect of the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by the invention is yet to be further verified.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preventing the wall adhesion in the traditional Chinese medicine electuary granules prepared by spray drying has the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects that:
1. in the process of preparing the impact particles by spray drying the Chinese herbal medicine concentrated solution, the characteristic of forming a network by aging the powder of the rice gluten is introduced, and most of soluble components such as saccharides and the like in the Chinese herbal medicine concentrated solution are fixed in the network structure, so that the adhesiveness is reduced.
2. The method selects specific colloid substance agar colloid as the separant, the colloid is easy to form jelly-like glue film on the surface of the dried important particles, and the glue film is easy to strip from the inner wall of the drying tower and is not adhered.
3. The method comprises the steps of low-temperature and high-temperature secondary drying, primarily drying the agar gel in a primary drying tower and staying in the porous part of the cereal powder, condensing the agar gel into a jelly-shaped solid isolating membrane due to cooling, and completely drying the agar gel in a secondary drying tower at a high temperature to form a solid membrane, thereby obtaining the uniformly dispersed traditional Chinese medicine granule. Not only effectively prevent the adhesion with the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer, but also effectively isolate the bonding between the granules.
4. The preparation method better solves the problem of wall sticking of spray drying by adopting less cereal powder and agar (the mass of the concentrated solution is less than 1.5 percent), and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application in processing enterprises of traditional Chinese medicine granules.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of Phellinus linteus granule prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
A method for preventing wall adhesion in Phellinus linteus granule by spray drying comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the millet powder into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) grinding agar to fine powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
(3) adding 100kg of phellinus linteus concentrated solution with solid content of 15% into a stirring kettle, then adding 0.5kg of the fine cereal powder prepared in the step (1), stirring for 30min at a rotating speed of 50-100rpm, setting the temperature of the stirring kettle to be 70-80 ℃, uniformly dispersing and curing the fine cereal powder, and aging for more than 24h to obtain soluble components and fine particle components in the phellinus linteus concentrated solution, wherein the soluble components and the fine particle components are fully adsorbed in a network structure of the cereal powder;
(4) taking 0.3kg of the fine agar powder prepared in the step (2), adding 2kg of hot water for dissolving in advance, then adding the fine agar powder into the material aged in the step (3), and stirring uniformly;
(5) continuously feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a spray drying nozzle, spraying the material into a primary drying tower, arranging a cooling circulating water jacket on the drying tower to prevent the primary drying temperature from being overhigh, setting the air inlet temperature at 60 ℃ and the air pressure at 0.1MPa, and swirling the material along the inner wall of the drying tower, preferably gradually condensing agar colloid into a jelly-shaped solid isolation film which is solidified on the surface of particles to prevent the agar colloid from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of a spray dryer;
(6) and (5) continuously feeding the material dried by the first-stage drying tower into a second-stage drying tower, arranging nonpolar high polymer material polytetrafluoroethylene on the inner wall of the second-stage drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature to be 120 ℃ and the air pressure to be 0.1MPa, swirling along the inner wall of the drying tower, completely drying the agar colloid to form a solid film, and obtaining uniformly dispersed phellinus igniarius granule particles, so that the adhesion with the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer is effectively prevented, and the adhesion among the granule particles is effectively isolated. Drying and screening to obtain the Chinese medicinal granule with uniform particle size.
Example 1 the weight of the prepared phellinus linteus granule is 14.8kg, and the yield is 93.6%. Not only greatly reduces the loss of wall sticking, but also the obtained phellinus igniarius granule is uniform and has a certain spherical shape. As shown in figure 1.
Example 2
A method for preventing wall adhesion in maca granules prepared by spray drying comprises the following specific steps:
(1) grinding the millet powder into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) grinding agar to fine powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
(3) adding 100kg of maca concentrated solution with solid content of 20% into a stirring kettle, adding 0.8kg of the fine cereal powder prepared in the step (1), stirring at a rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 30min, setting the temperature of the stirring kettle to be 70-80 ℃, uniformly dispersing and curing the fine cereal powder, and standing for more than 24h to obtain soluble components and fine particle components in the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution, wherein the soluble components and the fine particle components are fully adsorbed in a network structure of the cereal powder;
(4) taking 0.5kg of the fine agar powder prepared in the step (2), adding 2kg of hot water for dissolving in advance, then adding the fine agar powder into the material aged in the step (3), and stirring uniformly;
(5) continuously feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a spray drying nozzle, spraying the material into a primary drying tower, arranging a cooling circulating water jacket on the drying tower to prevent the primary drying temperature from being overhigh, setting the inlet air temperature at 70 ℃ and the air pressure at 0.2MPa, and carrying out rotational flow along the inner wall of the drying tower, preferably gradually condensing agar colloid into a jelly-shaped solid isolation film to be solidified on the surface of particles to prevent the agar colloid from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of a spray dryer;
(6) and (5) continuously feeding the material dried by the first-stage drying tower into a second-stage drying tower, setting the inner wall of the second-stage drying tower to be non-polar high polymer material polytetrafluoroethylene, setting the air inlet temperature to be 120 ℃ and the air pressure to be 0.2MPa, and performing cyclone flow along the inner wall of the drying tower, wherein the agar colloid is completely dried to form a solid film, so that uniformly dispersed maca granules are obtained, the adhesion with the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer is effectively prevented, and the adhesion among the granules is effectively isolated. Drying and screening to obtain the Chinese medicinal granule with uniform particle size.
Example 2 the weight of the maca granules prepared in example 2 was 18.7kg, the yield was 90%, and the wall-sticking loss was greatly reduced.
Example 3
A method for preventing wall adhesion in radix astragali granule by spray drying comprises:
(1) grinding the millet powder into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) grinding agar to fine powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
(3) adding 100kg of radix astragali concentrated solution with solid content of 25% into a stirring kettle, adding 0.5kg of the fine cereal powder prepared in step (1), stirring at 50-100rpm for 40min, setting the temperature of the stirring kettle at 70-80 deg.C, uniformly dispersing and aging the fine cereal powder, and standing for more than 24h to obtain soluble components and fine particle components in the Chinese medicinal concentrated solution;
(4) taking 0.3kg of the fine agar powder prepared in the step (2), adding 4kg of hot water for dissolving in advance, then adding the fine agar powder into the material aged in the step (3), and stirring uniformly;
(5) continuously feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a spray drying nozzle, spraying the material into a primary drying tower, arranging a cooling circulating water jacket on the drying tower to prevent the primary drying temperature from being overhigh, setting the inlet air temperature at 60 ℃ and the air pressure at 0.3MPa, and carrying out rotational flow along the inner wall of the drying tower, preferably gradually condensing agar colloid into a jelly-shaped solid isolation film to be solidified on the surface of particles to prevent the agar colloid from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of a spray dryer;
(6) and (5) continuously feeding the material dried by the first-stage drying tower into a second-stage drying tower, arranging nonpolar high polymer material polytetrafluoroethylene on the inner wall of the second-stage drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature to be 120 ℃ and the air pressure to be 0.3MPa, swirling along the inner wall of the drying tower, completely drying the agar colloid to form a solid film, and obtaining uniformly dispersed astragalus membranaceus granules. Drying and screening to obtain the Chinese medicinal granule with uniform particle size.
The weight of the astragalus granules prepared in the embodiment 3 is 23.1kg, the yield is 92 percent, and the wall sticking loss is greatly reduced. This example is only used as a verification example for verifying that the spray drying of the astragalus concentrate is sticky to the wall, and in order to make the astragalus granule have good taste, a conventional auxiliary material such as sucrose can be added in the preparation process.
In the formal production process, sucrose accounting for 2.5 percent of the mass of the concentrated solution is additionally added in the preparation process of the embodiment, the yield of the prepared astragalus granules is 91.3 percent, and the loss of wall sticking does not exist although the yield is reduced.
Example 4
A method for preventing wall adhesion in rhizoma Gastrodiae granule by spray drying comprises:
(1) grinding the millet powder into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) grinding agar to fine powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
(3) adding 100kg of rhizoma Gastrodiae concentrated solution with solid content of 18% into a stirring kettle, adding 1kg of the fine cereal powder prepared in step (1), stirring at 50-100rpm for 45min, setting the temperature of the stirring kettle at 70-80 deg.C, uniformly dispersing and aging the fine cereal powder, and standing for more than 24 hr to obtain soluble component and fine particle component in the Chinese medicinal concentrated solution;
(4) taking 0.5kg of the fine agar powder prepared in the step (2), adding 4kg of hot water for dissolving in advance, then adding the fine agar powder into the material aged in the step (3), and stirring uniformly;
(5) continuously feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a spray drying nozzle, spraying the material into a primary drying tower, arranging a cooling circulating water jacket on the drying tower to prevent the primary drying temperature from being overhigh, setting the air inlet temperature at 60 ℃ and the air pressure at 0.1MPa, and swirling the material along the inner wall of the drying tower, preferably gradually condensing agar colloid into a jelly-shaped solid isolation film which is solidified on the surface of particles to prevent the agar colloid from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of a spray dryer;
(6) and (5) continuously feeding the material dried by the first-stage drying tower into a second-stage drying tower, arranging nonpolar high polymer material polytetrafluoroethylene on the inner wall of the second-stage drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature to be 120 ℃ and the air pressure to be 0.1MPa, swirling along the inner wall of the drying tower, completely drying the agar colloid to form a solid film, and obtaining the uniformly dispersed rhizoma gastrodiae granules, so that the rhizoma gastrodiae granules are effectively prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer, and the adhesion among the granules is effectively isolated. Drying and screening to obtain the Chinese medicinal granule with uniform particle size.
The weight of the gastrodia tuber granules prepared in the embodiment 4 is 17.5kg, the yield is 92%, and the loss of adhering to the wall is greatly reduced.
The gastrodia elata granules obtained in the example 4 are placed in a constant temperature and humidity box with the temperature of 40 ℃ and the relative humidity of 85% for 15 days, and the granules absorb moisture by 3.5% and have better deliquescence resistance.
Claims (4)
1. A method for preventing wall adhesion in traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying is characterized in that agar and fine cereal powder are pre-dispersed in a concentrated traditional Chinese medicine preparation and are prepared by spray drying, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) grinding the millet powder into fine powder, and sieving the fine powder with a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) grinding agar to fine powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve;
(3) adding 100kg of traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution with solid content of 15-25% into a stirring kettle, adding 0.5-1kg of the fine cereal powder prepared in the step (1), stirring at a rotating speed of 50-100rpm for 30-45min, setting the temperature of the stirring kettle at 70-80 ℃, uniformly dispersing and curing the fine cereal powder, and aging for more than 24h to ensure that soluble components and fine particle components in the traditional Chinese medicine concentrated solution are fully adsorbed on a network structure of the cereal powder;
(4) taking 0.3-0.5kg of the fine agar powder prepared in the step (2), adding 2-4kg of hot water for dissolving in advance, then adding the fine agar powder into the material aged in the step (3), and stirring uniformly;
(5) continuously feeding the material obtained in the step (4) into a spray drying nozzle, spraying the material into a primary drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature to be 60-80 ℃, setting the air pressure to be 0.1-0.3MPa, and carrying out rotational flow along the inner wall of the drying tower; the first-stage drying tower is provided with a cooling circulating water jacket to prevent the first-stage drying temperature from being overhigh, so that agar gel is gradually condensed into a jelly-shaped solid isolation membrane to be solidified on the surface of particles to prevent the agar gel from being adhered to the inner wall of the drying tower of the spray dryer;
(6) and (5) continuously feeding the material dried by the first-stage drying tower into a second-stage drying tower, setting the air inlet temperature of the second-stage drying tower to be 120 ℃ and the air pressure to be 0.1-0.3MPa, swirling along the inner wall of the drying tower, drying and screening to obtain the uniformly-granulated traditional Chinese medicine granules.
2. The method for preventing the adhesion of the wall in the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Chinese medicinal concentrated solution is prepared from water or ethanol as extraction solvent.
3. The method for preventing the adhesion of the wall in the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the inner walls of the first-stage drying tower and the second-stage drying tower are provided with nonpolar high polymer materials.
4. The method for preventing the adhesion of the wall in the traditional Chinese medicine granule prepared by spray drying according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the inner walls of the first-stage drying tower and the second-stage drying tower are made of nonpolar high polymer material polytetrafluoroethylene.
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