CN107568566B - Method for removing lint and phenol from cottonseed meal - Google Patents
Method for removing lint and phenol from cottonseed meal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107568566B CN107568566B CN201710699683.8A CN201710699683A CN107568566B CN 107568566 B CN107568566 B CN 107568566B CN 201710699683 A CN201710699683 A CN 201710699683A CN 107568566 B CN107568566 B CN 107568566B
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- cottonseed meal
- starch
- delinting
- dephenolizing
- mixed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for delinting and dephenolizing cottonseed meal, which comprises the steps of selecting starch to be mixed with the cottonseed meal, adding water to be fully mixed, fully attaching the starch to the cottonseed meal, and then carrying out extrusion and puffing treatment on the mixed material. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics: 1. the corn flour which is low in price and easy to obtain materials but has high starch content is mixed with the cottonseed meal for extrusion and puffing treatment to remove the fluff and the phenol, so that the production cost is effectively saved; 2. the requirements on the temperature and the pressure of equipment are lower when the starch is combined for extrusion and puffing treatment, the production requirements are easily met, and the production cost is low; 3. the delinting rate and the dephenolizing rate of the cottonseed meal are in positive correlation with the starch content, the delinting and dephenolizing effects are very obvious, and when the content of the cottonseed meal reaches 65%, free gossypol can not be detected; 4. the mixed feed after delinting and dephenolization has the advantages that the starch is easier to absorb and digest, and the palatability is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing lint and phenol from cottonseed meal.
Background
China is a major cotton-producing country in the world, cottonseed meal contains rich protein, the content of the protein in the cottonseed meal is about 44 percent and is equivalent to the content of the protein in soybean meal, but the price of the cottonseed meal is about 40 percent lower than that of the soybean meal, the cottonseed meal is a good protein nutrient resource, can completely replace the soybean meal protein to be used as animal feed, not only can reach the same nutrient requirement with lower price, but also promotes the comprehensive utilization and green development of agricultural products, and has wide market prospect.
However, the gossypol content in the cottonseed meal is high, the gossypol content in the cottonseed meal is about 900 mg per kg on average, the gossypol is toxic, the animal is uncomfortable and even poisoned due to excessive intake, the existing gossypol removing technology mainly comprises three aspects of physical extraction, chemical gossypol removing and biological fermentation, the physical extraction and chemical gossypol removing have high gossypol removing rate, but the feed palatability is poor, the problem of drug residue exists, the biological fermentation method has good palatability, but the gossypol removing rate is unstable, and the production cost is high.
The cottonseed meal also contains about 20 percent of cotton linters, the cotton linters can block the intestinal tracts of animals and slow down chyme flow to cause indigestion of the animals, and the cotton linters have particularly obvious harm to monogastric animals.
At present, the dephenolization and the delinting of the cottonseed meal are respectively carried out, so that the production cost is high, the process is complex, and the duration is long.
Therefore, the method for delinting and dephenolizing the cottonseed meal is provided, the cottonseed meal is delinted and dephenolized simultaneously by utilizing the extrusion and expansion principle, the production cost is low, and the process is simple.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for delinting and dephenolizing cottonseed meal, which is used for simultaneously performing delinting and dephenolizing treatment on the cottonseed meal by utilizing an extrusion puffing principle, and has the advantages of low production cost and simple process flow.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for delinting and dephenolizing cottonseed meal is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting starch and cottonseed meal to mix, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 65-90%, and the balance is starch, and then adding water according to the weight ratio of the starch to the total solid materials of the cottonseed meal being 8-12%, and then fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
the starch is preferably corn starch;
preferably, the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 65% -75%, and the balance is starch;
(2) and extruding and puffing: carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 140-160 ℃, the pressure is 4-6 MPa, and the rotating speed of a screw is 320-350 r/min;
the starch has high viscosity under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and high humidity, and can form firm combination with the short fiber of the cottonseed meal, when the steam explosion effect is formed at the outlet of the puffing equipment, the starch can be puffed violently, the starch chain is broken along with the starch chain, the short fiber tightly combined with the starch chain is broken along with the starch chain, and the aim of delinting is fulfilled;
meanwhile, when the starch is subjected to swelling action, long starch molecules can be broken to form a plurality of shorter linear molecules, the linear starch molecules which are arranged in a staggered mode have a strong binding effect on gossypol molecules and are not easy to separate after combination, and a combination of the starch and the gossypol can generate large displacement in space when the starch is swelled, so that the gossypol can be favorably diffused and further combined with the starch molecules, and the dephenolization rate is greatly improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1. the corn flour which is low in price and easy to obtain materials but has high starch content is mixed with the cottonseed meal for extrusion and puffing treatment to remove the fluff and the phenol, so that the production cost is effectively saved;
2. the requirements on the temperature and the pressure of equipment are lower when the starch is combined for extrusion and puffing treatment, the production requirements are easily met, and the production cost is low;
3. the delinting rate and the dephenolizing rate of the cottonseed meal are in positive correlation with the starch content, the delinting and dephenolizing effects are very obvious, and when the content of the cottonseed meal reaches 65%, free gossypol can not be detected;
4. the mixed feed after delinting and dephenolization has the advantages that the starch is easier to absorb and digest, and the palatability is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below.
Example 1: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting corn starch and cottonseed meal for mixing, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 90%, and the balance is starch, and then adding water according to the weight ratio of the starch to the total solid materials of the cottonseed meal being 8%, and then fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) and extruding and puffing: and (3) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure is 6MPa and the rotating speed of a screw is 320 r/min.
Example 2: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting corn starch and cottonseed meal for mixing, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 85%, and the balance is starch, adding water according to the weight ratio of the starch to the total solid materials of the cottonseed meal of 9%, and then fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) and extruding and puffing: and (3) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 155 ℃, the pressure is 5.5MPa and the rotating speed of a screw is 326 r/min.
Example 3: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting corn starch and cottonseed meal for mixing, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 80%, the balance is starch, then adding water according to the weight ratio of the starch to the total solid materials of the cottonseed meal being 10%, and then fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) and extruding and puffing: and (3) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 140 ℃, the pressure is 4.5MPa and the screw rotation speed is 332 r/min.
Example 4: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting corn starch and cottonseed meal for mixing, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 75%, and the balance is starch, adding water according to the weight ratio of the starch to the total solid materials of the cottonseed meal being 11%, and then fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) and extruding and puffing: and (3) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 145 ℃, the pressure is 6MPa and the screw rotation speed is 338 r/min.
Example 5: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting corn starch and cottonseed meal for mixing, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 70%, and the balance is starch, and then adding water according to the weight ratio of 12% of the total solid materials of the starch and the cottonseed meal for fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) and extruding and puffing: and (3) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 160 ℃, the pressure is 5MPa and the screw rotation speed is 344 r/min.
Example 6: the method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) and mixing materials: selecting corn starch and cottonseed meal to mix, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 65%, and the balance is starch, and then adding water according to the weight ratio of the starch to the total solid materials of the cottonseed meal being 8%, and then fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) and extruding and puffing: and (3) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure is 4MPa and the rotating speed of a screw is 350 r/min.
Example 7: the dephenolizing rate and the delinting rate of the cotton dregs and starch in different weight percentages are as follows under the conditions that the temperature is 150 ℃, the pressure is 5MPa, and the water content is 10 percent:
the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for delinting and dephenolizing cottonseed meal is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing materials: selecting starch and cottonseed meal to mix, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 65-90%, and the balance is starch, then adding water according to 8-12% of the weight ratio of the total solid materials of the starch and the cottonseed meal, and fully mixing to ensure that the starch is fully attached to the cottonseed meal;
(2) extruding and puffing: and (2) carrying out extrusion and expansion treatment on the mixed material in the step (1) under the conditions that the temperature is 140-160 ℃, the pressure is 4-6 MPa, and the rotating speed of a screw is 320-350 r/min.
2. The method of delinting and dephenolizing cottonseed meal according to claim 1, wherein the starch is corn starch.
3. The method for delinting and dephenolizing cottonseed meal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight percentage of the cottonseed meal is 65-75%, and the balance is starch.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710699683.8A CN107568566B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | Method for removing lint and phenol from cottonseed meal |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710699683.8A CN107568566B (en) | 2017-08-16 | 2017-08-16 | Method for removing lint and phenol from cottonseed meal |
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| CN107568566A CN107568566A (en) | 2018-01-12 |
| CN107568566B true CN107568566B (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4286058A (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-08-25 | Wenger Manufacturing | Enzymatic conversion of high moisture shear extruded and gelatinized grain material |
| WO2000006650A2 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-02-10 | Cargill Bv | Process for the manufacture of composite materials |
| CN101444254A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-06-03 | 中国农业大学 | Method for removing flaxseed gum from flaxseed meal by extrusion and expanding |
| CN103875999A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 袁峻峰 | Cottonseed meal puffing and detoxifying method |
-
2017
- 2017-08-16 CN CN201710699683.8A patent/CN107568566B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4286058A (en) * | 1979-11-06 | 1981-08-25 | Wenger Manufacturing | Enzymatic conversion of high moisture shear extruded and gelatinized grain material |
| WO2000006650A2 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2000-02-10 | Cargill Bv | Process for the manufacture of composite materials |
| CN101444254A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2009-06-03 | 中国农业大学 | Method for removing flaxseed gum from flaxseed meal by extrusion and expanding |
| CN103875999A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 袁峻峰 | Cottonseed meal puffing and detoxifying method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "挤压膨化温度对棉粕游离棉酚及营养成分的影响";胡维岗等;《食品工业科技》;20151231;第36卷(第5期);第247-250页 * |
| "棉籽饼粕双螺杆挤压脱毒中的参数研究";周建国等;《中国油脂》;20011231;第26卷(第1期);第46-49页 * |
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