CN107562670B - Method and device for transmitting data by using serial port - Google Patents
Method and device for transmitting data by using serial port Download PDFInfo
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- CN107562670B CN107562670B CN201710647302.1A CN201710647302A CN107562670B CN 107562670 B CN107562670 B CN 107562670B CN 201710647302 A CN201710647302 A CN 201710647302A CN 107562670 B CN107562670 B CN 107562670B
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for transmitting data by using a serial port, which are applied to serial port equipment, wherein the serial port equipment comprises a plurality of serial ports, and the method comprises the following steps: calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port; calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port; determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate; and distributing the CPU processing duration and the storage resources for each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port. In the embodiment of the application, each serial port can transmit data according to the processing time length and the storage resource of the CPU matched with the transmission capability of the serial port, the processing capability of the serial port equipment is fully utilized, and the hardware first-in first-out queue of the serial port equipment is prevented from overflowing.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting data using a serial port.
Background
In the field of industrial control, there are a large number of terminal devices and terminal operation devices that use serial communication technology. The serial port has various baud rate classifications, and theoretically, the baud rate value of the serial port can be any value smaller than the frequency value of the generator clock of the serial port.
Each serial port device is configured with different baud rates based on the requirement of data transmission of the serial port device. The serial port device with the plurality of serial ports configures the same baud rate as the corresponding opposite-end serial port device for each serial port according to the baud rate of the opposite-end serial port device connected with each serial port, so that the transmission rates of the serial port devices with the plurality of serial ports are different when the serial port devices transmit data through each serial port.
In the prior art, a serial device often equally allocates CPU processing time and storage resources to a plurality of serial ports, and data transmission capabilities of peer-to-peer serial devices corresponding to the serial ports are inconsistent, which results in that the processing capabilities of the serial device cannot be fully utilized, which causes waste of CPU resources and storage resources, and also results in overflow of a hardware FIFO (First Input First Output queue) corresponding to any serial port when the CPU processing time allocation to the serial port is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for transmitting data by using serial ports, which are used to allocate CPU processing time and storage resources to a plurality of serial ports, thereby making full use of the processing capability of the serial device and avoiding hardware FIFO overflow of the serial device.
Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:
a method for transmitting data by using a serial port is applied to serial port equipment, the serial port equipment comprises a plurality of serial ports, and the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port;
calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port;
determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate;
and distributing the CPU processing duration and the storage resources for each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
In the method for transmitting data by using serial ports, the calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port includes:
acquiring configuration information of each serial port; the configuration information comprises the baud rate, the start bit, the data bit, the check bit and the stop bit of the serial port;
and respectively calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port based on the configuration information of each serial port.
In the method for transmitting data by using serial ports, the calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port includes:
periodically acquiring statistical information of each serial port; the statistical information comprises the total amount of serial port transmission data and the total serial port opening duration;
and respectively calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port based on the statistical information of each serial port.
In the method for transmitting data by using serial ports, determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate includes:
accumulating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port to obtain a theoretical transmission total rate;
dividing the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port by the theoretical transmission total rate to obtain a first weight of each serial port;
accumulating the actual transmission rate of each serial port to obtain an actual total transmission rate;
dividing the actual transmission rate of each serial port by the actual transmission total rate to obtain a second weight of each serial port;
multiplying the first weight and the second weight of each serial port to obtain a weight product;
accumulating the weight products of all serial ports to obtain a weight product sum;
and dividing the weight product of each serial port by the sum of the weight products to obtain the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
In the method for transmitting data by using serial ports, the allocating CPU processing time and storage resources to each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port includes:
multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the processing time length distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the CPU processing time length of each serial port; and the number of the first and second groups,
and multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the storage resources distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the storage resources of each serial port.
The utility model provides an utilize serial ports transmission data's device is applied to serial devices, serial devices includes a plurality of serial ports, includes:
the calculating unit is used for calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port; calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port;
the determining unit is used for determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate;
and the distribution unit is used for distributing the CPU processing duration and the storage resource for each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
In the apparatus for transmitting data using a serial port, the computing unit is further configured to:
acquiring configuration information of each serial port; the configuration information comprises the baud rate, the start bit, the data bit, the check bit and the stop bit of the serial port;
and respectively calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port based on the configuration information of each serial port.
In the apparatus for transmitting data using a serial port, the computing unit is further configured to:
periodically acquiring statistical information of each serial port; the statistical information comprises the total amount of serial port transmission data and the total serial port opening duration;
and respectively calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port based on the statistical information of each serial port.
In the apparatus for transmitting data using a serial port, the determining unit is further configured to:
accumulating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port to obtain a theoretical transmission total rate;
dividing the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port by the theoretical transmission total rate to obtain a first weight of each serial port;
accumulating the actual transmission rate of each serial port to obtain an actual total transmission rate;
dividing the actual transmission rate of each serial port by the actual transmission total rate to obtain a second weight of each serial port;
multiplying the first weight and the second weight of each serial port to obtain a weight product;
accumulating the weight products of all serial ports to obtain a weight product sum;
and dividing the weight product of each serial port by the sum of the weight products to obtain the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
In the apparatus for transmitting data by using a serial port, the allocation unit is further configured to:
multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the processing time length distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the CPU processing time length of each serial port; and the number of the first and second groups,
and multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the storage resources distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the storage resources of each serial port.
In the embodiment of the application, the serial port equipment calculates the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate of each serial port, then determines the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate, and allocates the CPU processing duration and the storage resources to each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port;
because the comprehensive weight determined by the serial device is related to the transmission capacity of the serial device at the opposite end connected with each serial port, after the serial device distributes CPU processing time and storage resources for each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port, the waste of CPU resources and storage resources can be reduced, the processing capacity of the serial device is fully utilized, and the hardware FIFO overflow of the serial device is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for transmitting data using a serial port according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for transmitting data via a serial port according to the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a hardware structure diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data by using a serial port according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention better understood and make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the following description of the prior art and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided.
When a serial device with a plurality of serial ports is connected with a plurality of opposite-end serial devices, the same baud rate is configured for the serial ports connected with the opposite-end devices according to the baud rate of each pair of the opposite-end serial devices. When the serial port equipment with a plurality of serial ports transmits data through each serial port, the transmission rates are different.
However, the serial device often equally allocates the CPU processing time and the storage resource to the plurality of serial ports, which results in that some serial ports with low transmission rate cannot fully utilize the CPU processing time and the storage resource, and further cannot fully utilize the processing capability of the serial device; in addition, under the condition of averagely distributing the processing time length and the storage resources of the CPU, the processing time length and the storage resources of the CPU obtained by some serial ports with high transmission rate are insufficient, so that the hardware FIFO corresponding to the serial ports overflows.
In view of this, in the embodiment of the present application, the serial device calculates the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate of each serial, determines the comprehensive weight of each serial based on the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate, and then allocates the CPU processing duration and the storage resource to each serial, so that each serial obtains the resource matched with the transmission capability, the processing capability of the serial device is fully utilized, and the hardware FIFO overflow of the serial device is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for transmitting data by using a serial port is shown in the present application, where the method is applied to a serial device, the serial device includes a plurality of serial ports, and the method includes the following steps:
step 101: and calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port.
Step 102: and calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port.
Step 103: and determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate.
Step 104: and distributing the CPU processing duration and the storage resources for each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
The serial port device can comprise a serial port switch, a serial port server and the like.
In the embodiment of the application, when the opposite-end serial port device is connected with the serial port device with a plurality of serial ports through the serial ports, the configuration information of the serial ports can be uploaded. After obtaining the configuration information of the serial port of the opposite-end serial port device, the user can configure the configuration information on the serial port connected with the opposite-end serial port device on the serial port device. The configuration information may include a baud rate, a start bit, a data bit, a check bit, and a stop bit of the serial port.
After the serial ports of the serial port device are configured with the configuration information of each pair of serial port devices, the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port can be calculated based on the configuration information.
In one embodiment shown, the transmission rate of the serial port is expressed in bytes/s, which represents the number of bytes received or transmitted by the serial port per second.
The theoretical transmission rate is baud rate/(start bit + data bit + check bit + stop bit);
the starting bit is used for prompting that data transmission of the serial port equipment is about to start, and the starting bit in the formula is the starting digit configured by the serial port;
the data bits in the formula are the data bits configured by the serial port, and are generally 5, 6, 7 and 8;
the check bit is used for judging whether the received data has errors, the check bit in the formula is the check bit number configured by the serial port, if the check bit exists, the check bit is 1, and if the check bit does not exist, the check bit is 0;
the stop bit is used for marking the end of one character transmission, and the stop bit in the formula is the stop bit number configured for the serial port, and is generally 1, 1.5 and 2.
The unit of baud rate in the formula is bit/s; "start bit + data bit + check bit + stop bit" means the number of bits that the hardware needs to send each time a Byte of data is sent, and the unit is bit/Byte.
In the embodiment of the application, the serial device determines the comprehensive weight of each serial port based on the transmission rate of each serial port, and if only the theoretical transmission rate is considered, the comprehensive weight is not sufficient. Therefore, the serial device can calculate the actual transmission rate of each serial port.
In practical application, the actual transmission rate of each serial port is not kept unchanged, so that the serial port device can periodically calculate the actual transmission rate of each serial port, and the comprehensive weight of each serial port can be dynamically adjusted.
In an embodiment shown, the serial device may periodically obtain statistical information of each serial port; the statistical information comprises the total amount of serial port transmission data and the total serial port opening duration.
The actual transmission rate is the total amount of data transmitted by the serial port/the total opening time of the serial port;
the total data transmission amount of the serial port is the total data transmission amount starting from the opening of the serial port, and the total data transmission amount is in bytes;
the total serial port opening time length is the total serial port opening time length, and is taken as a unit of second; it should be noted that after the serial port is opened, the serial port may be closed and then opened, and therefore, the total serial port opening time length needs to be accumulated for each serial port opening time length.
In the embodiment of the application, after the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate of each serial port are obtained by the serial port device through calculation, the comprehensive weight of each serial port can be determined according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate.
In an embodiment shown, the serial device may accumulate theoretical transmission rates of the serial ports to obtain a theoretical total transmission rate, and then divide the theoretical transmission rate of the serial ports by the theoretical total transmission rate to obtain a first weight of each serial port.
The serial device may then accumulate the actual transmission rates of the serial ports to obtain an actual total transmission rate, and then divide the actual transmission rate of the serial ports by the actual total transmission rate to obtain the second weight of the serial ports.
Further, the serial device may multiply the first weight and the second weight of each serial port to obtain a weight product, and accumulate the weight products of each serial port to obtain a weight product sum. The serial device may divide the weight product of each serial device by the sum of the weight products to obtain the comprehensive weight of each serial.
For example: the serial port device comprises a serial port 1, a serial port 2 and a serial port 3, wherein the first weights of the three serial ports are respectively 0.3, 0.2 and 0.5, and the second weights of the three serial ports are respectively 0.4, 0.3 and 0.3; the final calculated composite weights are 0.364, 0.182, 0.455, respectively.
In this embodiment, the serial device may allocate CPU processing time and storage resources to each serial port based on the above comprehensive weight of each serial port.
Specifically, after the serial port device opens the serial port, the CPU may allocate a time duration to the serial port for processing a service of transmitting data, and in addition, the CPU may allocate a storage resource to the serial port for processing received data or transmitted data. The serial port device can multiply the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the processing duration distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the CPU processing duration of each serial port; and multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the storage resources distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the storage resources of each serial port.
For example: the CPU of the serial port equipment allocates processing time for three serial ports to be 2000 seconds, and allocated storage resources are 30M; the comprehensive weights of the serial port 1, the serial port 2 and the serial port 3 are respectively 0.364, 0.182 and 0.455, so that the processing time lengths of the CPUs allocated to the serial port 1, the serial port 2 and the serial port 3 are respectively 728 seconds, 364 seconds and 910 seconds, and the storage resources allocated to the serial port 1, the serial port 2 and the serial port 3 are respectively 10.92M, 5.46M and 13.65M.
After each serial port obtains the CPU processing duration and the storage resource matched with the transmission capacity, the data can be transmitted by fully utilizing the CPU processing duration and the storage resource.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present application, the serial device calculates the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate of each serial port, determines the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate, and then allocates the CPU processing duration and the storage resource to each serial port based on the comprehensive weight;
the comprehensive weight calculated by the serial port equipment can directly represent the transmission capacity of each serial port, and after the serial port equipment distributes CPU processing time and storage resources to each serial port on the basis of the comprehensive weight, each serial port can fully utilize the CPU processing time and the storage resources matched with the transmission capacity of the serial port equipment to transmit data, fully utilize the processing capacity of the serial port equipment and avoid hardware FIFO overflow of the serial port equipment;
in addition, because the serial device periodically calculates the actual transmission rate, the comprehensive weight changes along with the actual application condition, the serial device can dynamically coordinate the CPU processing duration and the storage resource of each serial port, and the processing capacity of the serial device is more effectively utilized when multiple serial ports transmit data concurrently.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the method for transmitting data by using the serial port, the application also provides an embodiment of a device for transmitting data by using the serial port.
Referring to fig. 2, a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for transmitting data by using a serial port is shown in the present application:
as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus 20 for transmitting data by using a serial port includes:
the calculating unit 210 is configured to calculate a theoretical transmission rate of each serial port; and calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port.
And the determining unit 220 is configured to determine the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate.
And the allocating unit 230 is configured to allocate the CPU processing time length and the storage resource to each serial port based on the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
In this example, the calculating unit 210 is further configured to:
acquiring configuration information of each serial port; the configuration information comprises the baud rate, the start bit, the data bit, the check bit and the stop bit of the serial port;
and respectively calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port based on the configuration information of each serial port.
In this example, the calculating unit 210 is further configured to:
periodically acquiring statistical information of each serial port; the statistical information comprises the total amount of serial port transmission data and the total serial port opening duration;
and respectively calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port based on the statistical information of each serial port.
In this example, the determining unit 220 is further configured to:
accumulating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port to obtain a theoretical transmission total rate;
dividing the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port by the theoretical transmission total rate to obtain a first weight of each serial port;
accumulating the actual transmission rate of each serial port to obtain an actual total transmission rate;
dividing the actual transmission rate of each serial port by the actual transmission total rate to obtain a second weight of each serial port;
multiplying the first weight and the second weight of each serial port to obtain a weight product;
accumulating the weight products of all serial ports to obtain a weight product sum;
and dividing the weight product of each serial port by the sum of the weight products to obtain the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
In this example, the allocating unit 230 is further configured to:
multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the processing time length distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the CPU processing time length of each serial port; and the number of the first and second groups,
and multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the storage resources distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the storage resources of each serial port.
The embodiment of the device for transmitting data by using the serial port can be applied to serial port equipment. The device embodiments may be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, as a device in a logical sense, the device is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in the nonvolatile memory into the memory for operation through a processor of the serial device where the device is located. In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 3, the present application is a hardware structure diagram of a serial device in which a serial port is used to transmit data, except for the processor, the memory, the network interface, and the nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 3, the serial device in which the device is located in the embodiment may also include other hardware according to the actual function of the device that uses the serial port to transmit data, which is not described again.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A method for transmitting data by using a serial port is applied to serial port equipment, the serial port equipment comprises a plurality of serial ports, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port;
calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port;
determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate;
multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the processing time length distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the CPU processing time length of each serial port; and the number of the first and second groups,
and multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the storage resources distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the storage resources of each serial port.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port comprises:
acquiring configuration information of each serial port; the configuration information comprises the baud rate, the start bit, the data bit, the check bit and the stop bit of the serial port;
and respectively calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port based on the configuration information of each serial port.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port comprises:
periodically acquiring statistical information of each serial port; the statistical information comprises the total amount of serial port transmission data and the total serial port opening duration;
and respectively calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port based on the statistical information of each serial port.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate comprises:
accumulating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port to obtain a theoretical transmission total rate;
dividing the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port by the theoretical transmission total rate to obtain a first weight of each serial port;
accumulating the actual transmission rate of each serial port to obtain an actual total transmission rate;
dividing the actual transmission rate of each serial port by the actual transmission total rate to obtain a second weight of each serial port;
multiplying the first weight and the second weight of each serial port to obtain a weight product;
accumulating the weight products of all serial ports to obtain a weight product sum;
and dividing the weight product of each serial port by the sum of the weight products to obtain the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
5. The utility model provides an utilize serial ports transmission data's device is applied to serial port equipment, serial port equipment includes a plurality of serial ports, its characterized in that includes:
the calculating unit is used for calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port; calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port;
the determining unit is used for determining the comprehensive weight of each serial port according to the theoretical transmission rate and the actual transmission rate;
the distribution unit is used for multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the processing duration distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the CPU processing duration of each serial port; and the number of the first and second groups,
and multiplying the comprehensive weight of each serial port by the storage resources distributed to all serial ports by the CPU to obtain the storage resources of each serial port.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the computing unit is further configured to:
acquiring configuration information of each serial port; the configuration information comprises the baud rate, the start bit, the data bit, the check bit and the stop bit of the serial port;
and respectively calculating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port based on the configuration information of each serial port.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the computing unit is further configured to:
periodically acquiring statistical information of each serial port; the statistical information comprises the total amount of serial port transmission data and the total serial port opening duration;
and respectively calculating the actual transmission rate of each serial port based on the statistical information of each serial port.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:
accumulating the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port to obtain a theoretical transmission total rate;
dividing the theoretical transmission rate of each serial port by the theoretical transmission total rate to obtain a first weight of each serial port;
accumulating the actual transmission rate of each serial port to obtain an actual total transmission rate;
dividing the actual transmission rate of each serial port by the actual transmission total rate to obtain a second weight of each serial port;
multiplying the first weight and the second weight of each serial port to obtain a weight product;
accumulating the weight products of all serial ports to obtain a weight product sum;
and dividing the weight product of each serial port by the sum of the weight products to obtain the comprehensive weight of each serial port.
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CN101271440A (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2008-09-24 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Multi-serial port implementing method and apparatus |
CN101267275A (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2008-09-17 | 广东高新兴通信股份有限公司 | A multi-channel serial port multiplexing system and method based on time slot in 2M loop |
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