CN107561979A - A kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system and method towards Impact monitoring - Google Patents
A kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system and method towards Impact monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system and method towards Impact monitoring, it is sparse and have the feature of obvious crest for Impact monitoring signal time domain, it is effectively compressed sampling Impact monitoring signal, including time domain ternary (1,0,1) three coder module, algorithm logic module and signal recovery module major parts；The present invention can effectively catch the variable quantity in Impact monitoring signal, Impact monitoring signal is first first subjected to ternary coding, ternary coding information is compressed sampling again, a small amount of sampled point is obtained to recover original signal, the pressure to data transfer storage is reduced, relative to traditional analog compression method of sampling, the inventive method is built using digital circuit, the influence of the noise jamming and non-linear factor in circuit system can be effectively reduced, improves reconstruction accuracy；The inventive method additionally uses the scheme of time-sharing work, can effectively reduce the power consumption of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to monitoring structural health conditions field, specifically a kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system towards Impact monitoring
System and method.
Background technology
With the development of scientific and technological society, China all obtains in the Important Project such as Aero-Space, high ferro, bridge field in recent years
Important breakthrough and progress.The even running of these great installations and the life security of the people are closely related.These set
Apply and inevitably impacted during operation by various objects.These various forms of impacts may be to structure
Cause many and diverse influences.Although the naked eyes that make some difference are invisible, implicit damage can be caused to structure, these recessiveness damages
Wound can cause serious potential safety hazard to the operation of facility.Some facility structures are very huge, to find these damages and impact
Position can expend substantial amounts of human and material resources and time, accurately and timely find various impacts suffered by these structures with
And these safe operations of influence of the impact to the performance of structure to facility are most important.Then, security of the people to structure
Increasingly pay attention to reliability, the effect of monitoring structural health conditions is more and more important.In order to find impact injury in time and carry out essence
Certainly position, it is necessary to be monitored in real time to facility structure.Impact monitoring can be monitored to structure in real time, whether obtain structure
The size of external impacts and impulsive force is received, and precise positioning can be carried out to impact, to check impact to caused by structure
Influence, can effectively ensure that the health operation of facility structure.
However, in practical application Impact monitoring, certain structures are very huge, want to carry out in real time these big structures
Monitoring, it is necessary to substantial amounts of sensor, that is, sensor network.The use of sensor network has one inevitably to ask
Topic, that is, need to sample substantial amounts of sensor signal, also there is very high requirement to sample rate.In many occasions, for example fly
Device, it is impossible to directly the data of sensor are analyzed at the scene and analyzed, it is necessary to which the signal of sensor is sent into base station,
Substantial amounts of data can exert heavy pressures on to wireless or wire communication, can also expend substantial amounts of memory space.How Pang is handled
Sampling, transmission and the storage of big sensing data are a urgent problems to be solved.
The appearance of compressive sensing theory provides new approaches to solve the problem.If the theory shows some signal one
Individual transform domain can rarefaction representation, can realize that the merging of Signal Compression and sampling is carried out, and is only needed by way of global observe
The Systems with Linear Observation value of a small amount of non-self-adapting is wanted to be obtained with the full detail of signal, so sample rate is adopted far below Nyquist
Sample rate.Compared with traditional Nai Sikuite sampling thheorems, the sample rate of compressed sensing requires lower, and sampling number can be less.
Traditional method of sampling is to carry out high speed acquisition to analog signal, and then data are compressed with special algorithm, finally again will
A small amount of compressed data are transferred to decoding end and carry out decoding process.It needs to be sampled with very high sample rate, and stores up
Deposit sampled data, and very high request is proposed to hardware store and arithmetic speed come compressed data by a large amount of computings.And compress
Sampling theory is to carry out global observation by calculation matrix, obtains the measured value much smaller than traditional sampling quantity, is reduced to fortune
Calculate the hardware requirement with data storage.The theory can effectively solve the problems, such as sensing data enormous amount, can alleviate data
Storage and the pressure of transmission.Compression sampling has low computation complexity, excellent compression performance and collection mutual only with reconstructing
The advantages of vertical property, it is only necessary to enable sensor sample data to dilute expression, sensor node can Fast Compression samples,
Data transfer base station is reconstructed, this method can greatly reduce Internet traffic, the information content of transmission, significantly lower network
Power consumption.
Impact monitoring signal is sparse in time domain, and frequency domain is not but.Existing compressed sensing implementation method, otherwise it is real
Now get up relatively difficult, or aiming at frequency-domain sparse, also there are many and built using analog circuit, by circuit system and
The various Nonlinear perturbations of ambient noise etc. are especially big, the compression of all unsuitable Impact monitoring signal.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of prior art, propose that a kind of Digital Asynchronous towards Impact monitoring compresses
Sampling system and method, Impact monitoring signal is obtained with relatively low sample rate, less sampling number.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system towards Impact monitoring, including：Ternary time-domain encoder module, algorithm
Logic module and signal recovery module；The input of the ternary time-domain encoder module and the Impact monitoring signal sampled
Be connected for by the Impact monitoring Signal coding into ternary time-domain signal；The input of the algorithm logic module with it is described
The output end of ternary time-domain encoder module is connected for the ternary time-domain signal to be compressed into sampling；The signal
The input of recovery module is connected with the output end of the algorithm logic module for using algorithm by compression sampling signal reconstruct
Former Impact monitoring signal is reverted into ternary time-domain signal, and by the ternary time-domain signal of reconstruct.
The ternary time-domain encoder module includes comparator and threshold generator；The threshold generator produces every time
High voltage Vth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LTwo threshold voltages, by comparator compared with the Impact monitoring signal；If the punching
Hit monitoring signals and be more than Vth,H, ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, if the Impact monitoring signal is less than Vth,L, three enter
Time-domain encoder module output -1V processed；If input signal is more than Vth,LAnd it is less than Vth,H, the output of ternary time-domain encoder module
0V；The threshold generator is additionally operable to threshold voltage renewal, if ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, two threshold values
Voltage all adds designated value；If output -1V, subtracts designated value；If exporting 0V, the threshold value of threshold generator keeps constant, ensures
The high voltage Vth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LIt is poor constant.
The algorithm logic module includes signal edge detection device, random sequence generator, counter, multiplier and added up
Device；The output signal x (t) of the ternary time-domain encoder is input to algorithm logic module；The signal edge detection device is surveyed
Go out time and the value of x (t) edge bounces each time, and the time span of 0 value is obtained by counter；Random sequence is produced during non-zero value
Raw device normal work produces random sequence, state when random sequence generator does not work and keeps a non-zero value during 0 value,
Last random sequence is added up by accumulator, and is multiplied by the time span of 0 value multiplied by with original signal x (t) by multiplier
Obtain compressed value.
The signal recovery module is using S-GTV algorithms by compression sampling signal reconstruct into ternary time-domain signal.
The ternary time-domain signal of reconstruct is reverted to former Impact monitoring signal by the signal recovery module using interpolation method.
A kind of Digital Asynchronous compressive sampling method towards Impact monitoring, including：
Threshold generator produces high voltage V every timeth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LTwo threshold voltages, pass through comparator and sampling
To Impact monitoring signal compare；If the Impact monitoring signal is more than Vth,H, the output of ternary time-domain encoder module+
1V, if the Impact monitoring signal is less than Vth,L, ternary time-domain encoder module output -1V；If input signal is more than Vth,LAnd
Less than Vth,H, ternary time-domain encoder module output 0V；Threshold generator according to ternary time-domain encoder module export into
Row threshold voltage updates, if ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, two threshold voltages all add designated value；If output-
1V, then all subtract designated value, ensure the high voltage Vth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LIt is poor constant；
Algorithm logic module receives the output signal x (t) of ternary time-domain encoder；Signal edge detection device measures x (t)
The time of edge bounce each time and value, and the time span of 0 value is obtained by counter；Random sequence generator is being just during non-zero value
Often work produces random sequence, state when random sequence generator does not work and keeps a non-zero value during 0 value, finally with
Machine sequencer is added up by accumulator, and is multiplied by the time span of 0 value multiplied by with original signal x (t) by multiplier
Obtain compressed value；
Signal recovery module uses S-GTV algorithms by compression sampling signal reconstruct into ternary time-domain signal, and using slotting
The ternary time-domain signal of reconstruct is reverted to former Impact monitoring signal by value method.
High voltage Vth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LInitial value be set as the operation mean value of the Impact monitoring signal.
The designated value is LSB=U/2K；Wherein, U represents the experience peak-to-peak value of Impact monitoring signal, and K is quantization
The S-GTV algorithms comprise the following steps that：
Step S1, receive input parameter：Random matrix Φ, the signal y received, similarity threshold TH, maximum group size
S, maximum iteration imax, adjustment parameter α, adjustment parameter γ and gradient matrix D；
Step S2, make iterations t=1, initialization estimation signal value xt-1=0, j-th of consecutive value flexible strategy
Step S3, calculate xt-1Gradient x't-1, x't-1=Dxt-1；
Step S4, according to maximum group size S, gradient x't-1, similarity threshold TH, adjustment parameter α, γ and flexible strategyCome
Calculate the total variance matrix of least square approximation；
Step S5, the x of current iteration is calculated according to the signal y of total variance matrix, random sequence matrix Φ and receptiont's
Weighted least-square solution；
Step S6, according to current xtValue renewal consecutive value flexible strategy；
Step S7, makes t=t+1；
Step S8, judges t≤imax, if so, repeating step S3~S7；If it is not, perform step S9；
Step S9, orderExport piecewise constant signal
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) change of the ternary encoder to signal amplitude is very sensitive, and Impact monitoring signal has obviously width
Saltus step is spent, so effectively can be encoded to impact monitoring signals；
(2) because the output signal x (t) of ternary time-domain encoder is piecewise constant signal, so integration is segmentation meter
Calculate, x (t) can put forward, and random sequence first integrates to be multiplied with x (t) again, is compressed, then samples, and obtains a small amount of sampling
Point；Random sequence generator in algorithm logic module only just works in x (t) nonzero value, and Impact monitoring signal is time domain
Coefficient, so its ternary time-domain signal must have substantial amounts of 0 value part, this can greatly reduce the power consumption of system；
(3) sampled point is reconstructed into ternary time-domain information by algorithm, then obtains former punching by ternary time-domain information again
Monitoring signals are hit, reconstruct ternary time-domain information is S-GTV (S-member Group-Based Total
Variation) algorithm, in this algorithm, group is defined as：In discrete domain, group (Group) is the company for having similar magnitude information
The set of continuous point.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but a kind of of the present invention supervises towards impact
The Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system and method for survey is not limited to embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is application schematic diagram of the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system in Impact monitoring；
Fig. 2 is ternary time-domain encoder function structure chart；
Fig. 3 is algorithm logic function structure chart；
Fig. 4 is S-GTV algorithm flow charts；
Fig. 5 is the embodiment explanation figure that the present invention is applied to Impact monitoring.
Embodiment
Illustrate a kind of specific work of the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system and method towards Impact monitoring below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Make mode.
It is as shown in Figure 1 application mode of the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system in Impact monitoring, described Digital Asynchronous
Compression sampling system includes ternary time-domain encoder module, algorithm logic module and signal recovery module.Specifically, structure by
To after impact, piezoelectric transducer (multiple) can receive signal, then reach certain limit after being nursed one's health by charge amplifier, if having
Impact trigger can trigger, if without impact, Digital Asynchronous compression perceptual system will not work.Impact monitoring signal passes through ternary
Coder module carries out ternary coding, is encoded into ternary time-domain signal.Ternary time-domain signal passes through algorithm logic module
Sampling is compressed, finally obtains a small amount of sampled point, host computer (base station) is transferred to and is reconstructed.
Ternary encoder be for by former Impact monitoring Signal coding into ternary time-domain signal, ternary encoder mould
The structure of block is as shown in Fig. 2 specifically include two parts：Comparator and threshold generator.Threshold generator produces two every time
Threshold voltage (Vth,L, Vth,H) compared with input signal, its initial value can be set to the operation mean value of input signal, and this can be with
By testing and estimation obtains.Exist assuming that obtaining experience peak-to-peak value of the former Impact monitoring signal through charge amplifier conditioned signal
Within U, then LSB=U/2 is madeK, K is quantization (integer), and LSB is always differed between two threshold values.If input signal is more than
Vth,H, then corresponding output+1V；If input signal is less than Vth,L, then corresponding output -1V, after threshold generator receives exporting change
Also threshold value is updated relatively to prepare for next time；If input signal is more than Vth,LAnd it is less than Vth,H, then 0V, threshold generator are exported
Threshold value keep it is constant.If ternary encoder output+1V, two threshold values are all added LSB；If output -1V, subtracts LSB.
Algorithm logic module is for time domain ternary signal is compressed into sampling, by SCM＆FPGA circuit reality
Existing, by carrying out programming realization control and other functions on single-chip microcomputer, its structure is as shown in figure 3, including signal edge detection
Device, random sequence generator, counter, multiplier and accumulator.The output signal x (t) of ternary time-domain encoder is input to
Algorithm logic module, with random sequence generator caused by random sequence be multiplied and integrate.Because x (t) is piecewise constant signal,
Calculated so integration is segmentation, x (t) can put forward, and random sequence first integrates to be multiplied with x (t) again.Signal edge detection device energy
The enough time for effectively measuring x (t) edge bounces each time and value, and the time span of 0 value is obtained by counter.During non-zero value with
Machine sequence generator normal work produces random sequence, is not worked to random sequence generator during 0 value and keeps a upper non-zero value
When state, last random sequence compressed by the cumulative time span for being multiplied by 0 value of accumulator multiplied by with original signal x (t)
Value.
The signal recovery module includes recovering ternary time-domain signal and recovers original signal.Reconstruct ternary time-domain information
It is S-GTV (S-member Group-Based Total Variation) algorithm.This is improved total variance (Total
Variation) algorithm.In this algorithm, group is defined as：In discrete domain, group (Group) is the company for having similar magnitude information
The set of continuous point.Former Impact monitoring signal is returned to by ternary time-domain signal, interpolation method can be used.
Specifically, S-GTV algorithms are the improvement to total variance (TV) algorithm, ternary time domain letter can be preferably reconstructed
Number.As shown in figure 4, S-GTV algorithms comprise the following steps that：
Step S1, receive input parameter：Random matrix Φ, the signal y received, similarity threshold TH, maximum group size
S, maximum iteration imax, adjustment parameter α, adjustment parameter γ and gradient matrix D；
Step S2, make iterations t=1, initialization estimation signal value xt-1=0, j-th of consecutive value flexible strategy
Step S3, calculate xt-1Gradient x't-1, x't-1=Dxt-1；
Step S4, according to maximum group size S, gradient x't-1, similarity threshold TH, adjustment parameter α, γ and flexible strategyCome
Calculate the total variance matrix of least square approximation；
Step S5, the x of current iteration is calculated according to the signal y of total variance matrix, random sequence matrix Φ and receptiont's
Weighted least-square solution；
Step S6, according to current xtValue renewal consecutive value flexible strategy；
Step S7, makes t=t+1；
Step S8, judges t≤imax, if so, repeating step S3~S7；If it is not, perform step S9；
Step S9, orderExport piecewise constant signal
It is one embodiment of the invention as shown in Figure 5.Monitoring object is one piece of aluminium sheet flat board, and sensor is
PZT-5 type piezoelectric patches.Charge amplifier is YE5853, and trigger is that comparator LT1715 and OR gate CD4072 is built.Ternary
Amplifier OP27 in time-domain encoder module, comparator LT1715, summing circuit is built with OP27 amplifiers, and is added
Scaling circuit so that output voltage is ternary (- 1,0,1) voltage.The core of whole system is ARM single-chip microcomputers
TM4C123GH6PM.Threshold value is produced by monolithic processor controlled DAC chip DAC7512, there is porch detector inside single-chip microcomputer,
Porch detector receives the generation of controllable threshold value after saltus step.
Algorithm logic module is collectively constituted by the FPGA of single-chip microcomputer and Xilinx companies.FPGA produces random sequence, monolithic
Machine controls FPGA work according to the information of the edge transition detected.The clock of system is unified given by single-chip microcomputer, can have
Effect calculates the time of null value and nonzero value.Due to being ternary signal, it is cumulative be multiplied can by single-chip microcomputer come calculation process,
Efficiency is very high, and last outputting measurement value is reconstructed to host computer.
Above-described embodiment is only used for further illustrating a kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling towards Impact monitoring of the present invention
System and method, but the invention is not limited in embodiment, every technical spirit according to the present invention are made to above example
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification, each fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system towards Impact monitoring, its feature is, including：Ternary time-domain encoder
Module, algorithm logic module and signal recovery module；The input of the ternary time-domain encoder module rushes with what is sampled
Hit monitoring signals be connected for by the Impact monitoring Signal coding into ternary time-domain signal；The algorithm logic module it is defeated
Enter to hold to be connected with the output end of the ternary time-domain encoder module and adopted for the ternary time-domain signal to be compressed
Sample；The input of the signal recovery module is connected with the output end of the algorithm logic module for being adopted compression using algorithm
Sample signal reconstruct reverts to former Impact monitoring signal into ternary time-domain signal, and by the ternary time-domain signal of reconstruct.
2. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 1 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that described three
System time-domain encoder module includes comparator and threshold generator；The threshold generator produces high voltage V every timeth,HWith it is low
Voltage Vth,LTwo threshold voltages, by comparator compared with the Impact monitoring signal；If the Impact monitoring signal is big
In Vth,H, ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, if the Impact monitoring signal is less than Vth,L, ternary time-domain encoder
Module output -1V；If input signal is more than Vth,LAnd it is less than Vth,H, ternary time-domain encoder module output 0V；The threshold value production
Raw device is additionally operable to threshold voltage renewal, if ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, two threshold voltages all add specified
Value；If output -1V, subtracts designated value；If exporting 0V, the threshold value of threshold generator keeps constant.
3. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 1 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that the calculation
Method logic module includes signal edge detection device, random sequence generator, counter, multiplier and accumulator；The ternary
The output signal x (t) of time-domain encoder is input to algorithm logic module；The signal edge detection device measures each secondary sides of x (t)
Time and value along bounce, and the time span of 0 value is obtained by counter；Random sequence generator normal work is produced during non-zero value
Raw random sequence, state when random sequence generator does not work and keeps a non-zero value during 0 value, last random sequence are led to
Cross accumulator to be added up, and the time span for being multiplied by by multiplier 0 value obtains compressed value multiplied by with original signal x (t).
4. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 1 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that the letter
Number recovery module is using S-GTV algorithms by compression sampling signal reconstruct into ternary time-domain signal.
5. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 1 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that the letter
The ternary time-domain signal of reconstruct is reverted to former Impact monitoring signal by number recovery module using interpolation method.
6. a kind of Digital Asynchronous compressive sampling method towards Impact monitoring, its feature is, including：
Threshold generator produces high voltage V every timeth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LTwo threshold voltages, by comparator and sample
Impact monitoring signal compares；If the Impact monitoring signal is more than Vth,H, ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, if
The Impact monitoring signal is less than Vth,L, ternary time-domain encoder module output -1V；If input signal is more than Vth,LAnd it is less than
Vth,H, ternary time-domain encoder module output 0V；Threshold generator exports according to ternary time-domain encoder module and carries out threshold
Threshold voltage updates, if ternary time-domain encoder module output+1V, two threshold voltages all add designated value；If output -1V,
Then all subtract designated value, ensure the high voltage Vth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LIt is poor constant；
Algorithm logic module receives the output signal x (t) of ternary time-domain encoder；It is each that signal edge detection device measures x (t)
The time of secondary edge bounce and value, and the time span of 0 value is obtained by counter；Random sequence generator normal work during non-zero value
Make generation random sequence, state when random sequence generator does not work and keeps a non-zero value during 0 value, last stochastic ordering
Row generator is added up by accumulator, and the time span for being multiplied by by multiplier 0 value obtains multiplied by with original signal x (t)
Compressed value；
Signal recovery module uses S-GTV algorithms by compression sampling signal reconstruct into ternary time-domain signal, and uses interpolation method
The ternary time-domain signal of reconstruct is reverted into former Impact monitoring signal.
7. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 6 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that high voltage
Vth,HWith low-voltage Vth,LInitial value be set as the operation mean value of the Impact monitoring signal.
8. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 6 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that the finger
Definite value is LSB=U/2K；Wherein, U represents the experience peak-to-peak value of Impact monitoring signal, and K is quantization.
9. the Digital Asynchronous compression sampling system according to claim 6 towards Impact monitoring, it is characterised in that the S-
GTV algorithms comprise the following steps that：
Step S1, receive input parameter：Random matrix Φ, the signal y received, similarity threshold TH, maximum group size S, most
Big iterations imax, adjustment parameter α, adjustment parameter γ and gradient matrix D；
Step S2, make iterations t=1, initialization estimation signal value xt-1=0, j-th of consecutive value flexible strategy
Step S3, calculate xt-1Gradient x't-1, x't-1=Dxt-1；
Step S4, according to maximum group size S, gradient x't-1, similarity threshold TH, adjustment parameter α, γ and flexible strategyTo calculate
The total variance matrix of least square approximation；
Step S5, the x of current iteration is calculated according to the signal y of total variance matrix, random sequence matrix Φ and receptiontWeighting
Least square solution；
Step S6, according to current xtValue renewal consecutive value flexible strategy；
Step S7, makes t=t+1；
Step S8, judges t≤imax, if so, repeating step S3~S7；If it is not, perform step S9；
Step S9, orderExport piecewise constant signal
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