CN107561578B - A kind of surface wave pressing method for wide-azimuth seismic data - Google Patents
A kind of surface wave pressing method for wide-azimuth seismic data Download PDFInfo
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- CN107561578B CN107561578B CN201610512844.3A CN201610512844A CN107561578B CN 107561578 B CN107561578 B CN 107561578B CN 201610512844 A CN201610512844 A CN 201610512844A CN 107561578 B CN107561578 B CN 107561578B
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of surface wave pressing methods for wide-azimuth seismic data.This method comprises: step 101 carries out surface wave suppression to seismic data using surface wave analysis, simulation and inverting in industry disturbance in geophone domain；Step 102, in right-angled intersection domain, surface wave suppression is carried out in result of the three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain to step 101；Step 103, in big gun domain, surface wave suppression is carried out come the result to step 102 by non-homogeneous relevant Noise Elimination, to suppress the wherein weak energy part of remaining surface wave, the seismic data that obtains that treated.With the application of the invention, the surface wave interference of wide-azimuth seismic data can be suppressed well, the signal-to-noise ratio of data is improved, while guaranteeing that low frequency useful signal does not lose substantially, is had laid a good foundation for subsequent processing and reservoir inversion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seism processing fields, more particularly, to a kind of surface wave for wide-azimuth seismic data
Drawing method.
Background technique
As exploration and development increasingly develops to fining, the emphasis of oil-gas exploration has been increasingly turned to low relief structure oil gas
Hiding, oil-gas stratigraphic deposits and lithologic deposit, mention in face of the complexity of geological prospecting target and to seismic prospecting required precision
Height, traditional narrow azimuth exploration have been unable to meet the demand of exploration, have become using high density wide-azimuth 3-d seismic exploration
The mainstream of nearest seismic exploration technique development and direction.Chen Guowen (2014, predict in fracture-type reservoir by wide-azimuth seismic data
In application, petroleum gas journal), Liu Yimou (2012, survey by wide-azimuth seismic exploration technique new development, petroleum geophysics
Visit) etc. all discuss wide-azimuth earthquake to the importance of oil-gas exploration and development.
When carrying out pool description using the methods of reservoir inversion, full waveform inversion, low frequency signal is had increasing need for.In width
When orientation acquires, there are a large amount of low frequency useful signals in single-shot, just overlap with the frequency range of surface wave.It is being directed to surface wave
In the indoor data treatment process of compacting, should maximum possible Surface Wave Elimination interference, while low frequency useful signal being kept not damage
Mistake is the largest difficult point.Shi Ying (2012, right-angled intersection arranges surface wave pressing method and application), Duan Jun (2011, generalized S-transform
Removal wave technology and application) etc. all done some technical research for the compacting of surface wave.The characteristics of surface wave is low frequency, Qiang Neng
Multistageization is presented in the characteristics of some regional surface waves in amount, and there is also the surface waves weaker more than 12HZ or energy.Common compacting
Surface wave method has the methods of region filtering, the anomalous amplitude decaying of frequency dividing, right-angled intersection domain three-dimensional FKK, generalized S-transform method.Area
Domain filtering is that a bandpass filtering is done in a region, and disadvantage is and right it is clear that suppressed the useful signal in region
Surface wave can not suppress outside region.The abnormal sound decaying of frequency dividing is in the frequency and energy response Surface Wave Elimination using surface wave.Cross
Domain three-dimensional frequency-space (FKK) of cross-domain is to be designed cone filter using more method at present, realized press face
Wave.It can all be sent out in the noise that the abnormal sound decaying of frequency dividing and three-dimensional frequency-space (FKK) the domain method in right-angled intersection domain are suppressed
Now part low frequency useful signal.Generalized S-transform method carries out Time-frequency Decomposition to seismic signal, its good time-frequency is made full use of to differentiate
Ability, the frequency content that display different time occurs, and be filtered the characteristics of time-frequency domain is distributed according to surface wave.But due to this
The limitation of Method And Principle is still difficult to be kept completely separate in the surface wave and significant wave of time-frequency domain overlapping.Therefore need to study a trocar
To the method for the Surface Wave Elimination of wide-azimuth seismic data.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes the methods that one kind can effectively realize the prestack denoising for wide-azimuth seismic data.
According to an aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of surface wave pressing method for wide-azimuth seismic data, comprising:
Step 101, in industry disturbance in geophone domain, surface wave suppression is carried out to seismic data using surface wave analysis, simulation and inverting；
Step 102, in right-angled intersection domain, surface wave suppression is carried out in result of the three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain to step 101；
Step 103, in big gun domain, surface wave suppression is carried out come the result to step 102 by non-homogeneous relevant Noise Elimination, with
The compacting wherein weak energy part of remaining surface wave, the seismic data that obtains that treated.
The present invention, can mistake by carrying out surface wave suppression using corresponding means in detection domain, right-angled intersection domain and big gun domain respectively
The surface wave interference for suppressing wide-azimuth seismic data well, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of data, while guaranteeing that low frequency useful signal is basic
It does not lose, haves laid a good foundation for subsequent processing and reservoir inversion.
Detailed description of the invention
Exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is of the invention above-mentioned and its
Its purpose, feature and advantage will be apparent, wherein in exemplary embodiment of the invention, identical reference label
Typically represent same parts.
Fig. 1 shows the surface wave pressing method for wide-azimuth seismic data of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.
Fig. 2 (a) shows certain original single-shot diagrammatic cross-section；Fig. 2 (b) is shown using the present invention to shown in Fig. 2 (a)
Single-shot carries out the single-shot diagrammatic cross-section obtained after surface wave suppression；Fig. 2 (c) shows showing for the section of downtrodden surface wave noise
It is intended to；Fig. 2 (d) shows the frequency spectrum of the frequency spectrum of the seismic data before and after Surface Wave Elimination and the noise of compacting.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment that the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the present invention in attached drawing
Preferred embodiment, however, it is to be appreciated that may be realized in various forms the present invention without the embodiment party that should be illustrated here
Formula is limited.On the contrary, thesing embodiments are provided so that the present invention is more thorough and complete, and can will be of the invention
Range is completely communicated to those skilled in the art.
The invention discloses a kind of surface wave pressing methods for wide-azimuth seismic data, this method comprises:
Step 101, in industry disturbance in geophone domain, using surface wave analysis, simulation and inverting (also referred to as SWAMI) come to seismic data into
Row surface wave suppression；
Step 102, it in right-angled intersection domain, is carried out in result of the three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain (also referred to as FKK) to step 101
Surface wave suppression；
Step 103, in big gun domain, by non-homogeneous relevant Noise Elimination (also referred to as NUCNS) come the result to step 102 into
Row surface wave suppression, to suppress the wherein weak energy part of remaining surface wave, the seismic data that obtains that treated.
In the present embodiment, by carrying out surface wave suppression using corresponding means in detection domain, right-angled intersection domain and big gun domain respectively,
The surface wave interference for suppressing wide-azimuth seismic data well can be crossed, improves the signal-to-noise ratio of data, while guaranteeing low frequency useful signal
Substantially it does not lose, haves laid a good foundation for subsequent processing and reservoir inversion.
In a kind of possible embodiment, step 101 may include: that can analyze surface wave in industry disturbance in geophone domain and extract
The dispersion curve of surface wave；Inverting can be carried out based on the dispersion curve, obtain near surface shear wave velocity；It can be based on described close
Earth's surface shear wave velocity predicts surface wave noise；The surface wave noise can be suppressed.
In a kind of possible embodiment, this method can also include, and before step 102, be based on log data tune
It is whole to carry out parameter required when surface wave suppression in a step 102, it is as few as possible when so that carrying out surface wave suppression in a step 102
Lose useful signal in ground.
In a kind of possible embodiment, in a step 102, three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain to the result of step 101 into
Row surface wave suppression may include: can be in three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain separation useful signal and surface wave noise；It can be from isolating
Remaining useful signal is extracted in the surface wave noise；The surface wave noise can be suppressed and obtain the first initial useful signal, and can
The first initial useful signal is added in extracted remaining useful signal, to obtain the result of the step 102.
In a kind of possible embodiment, in a step 102, step 103 may include: that can use the domain FX fan filter
Device and Least-squares minimization method carry out part filter to the result of step 102, to obtain linear surface wave noise；It can be from described
Remaining useful signal is extracted in linear surface wave noise, can be suppressed the linear surface wave noise and be obtained the second initial effectively letter
Number, and the second initial useful signal is added in extracted remaining useful signal, obtains treated the seismic data.
In a kind of possible embodiment, this method can also include, and before step 103, be based on log data tune
It is whole to carry out parameter (such as relevant parameter etc. of the domain FX fan-filter) required when surface wave suppression in step 103, so that
When carrying out surface wave suppression in step 103, useful signal is lost as few as possible.
Fig. 1 shows the surface wave pressing method for wide-azimuth seismic data of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart, its step are as follows:
S1, data input: input defines the data of observation system；
S2, analysis: frequency, the speed of surface wave and useful signal are analyzed by multiple means such as frequency, speed, amplitude
The features such as degree, amplitude, in order to the denoising in later period；
S3, the method Surface Wave Elimination that SWAMI is used in industry disturbance in geophone domain；
S4, three-dimensional FKK Surface Wave Elimination is used in right-angled intersection domain, this is in the process divided the difference noise of compacting
Analysis, processing, it is ensured that only noise.If there is useful signal, needs adjusting parameter or need the useful signal in noise
Remove；
S5, remaining surface wave interference is suppressed by the method for NUCNS (non-homogeneous relevant Noise Elimination), this is in the process
The noise of compacting is analyzed, is handled, it is ensured that only noise；
S6, output: the big gun after noise attenuation is recorded into output, carries out subsequent relevant treatment.
Using example
A concrete application example is given below in the scheme and its effect of the embodiment of the present invention for ease of understanding.This field
It should be understood to the one skilled in the art that the example is only for the purposes of understanding the present invention, any detail is not intended to be limited in any way
The system present invention.
Fig. 2 (a) shows certain original single-shot diagrammatic cross-section；Fig. 2 (b) is shown using the present invention to shown in Fig. 2 (a)
Single-shot carries out the single-shot diagrammatic cross-section obtained after surface wave suppression；Fig. 2 (c) shows showing for the section of downtrodden surface wave noise
It is intended to；Fig. 2 (d) shows the frequency spectrum of the frequency spectrum of the seismic data before and after Surface Wave Elimination and the noise of compacting.As can be seen that application
The present invention carries out prestack Noise Elimination, can effectively Surface Wave Elimination noise, and make effective in the case where various noises are covered
Signal is remarkably reinforced.Meanwhile spectrum analysis shown in noise section and Fig. 2 (d) in conjunction with shown in Fig. 2 (c), in the denoising
Do not lose useful signal substantially in the process.
The present invention can be system, method and/or computer program product.Computer program product may include computer
Readable storage medium storing program for executing, containing for making processor realize the computer-readable program instructions of various aspects of the invention.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill in art field.The selection of term used herein, purport
In the principle, practical application or improvement to the technology in market for best explaining each embodiment, or make the art
Other those of ordinary skill can understand each embodiment disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of surface wave pressing method for wide-azimuth seismic data, this method comprises:
Step 101, in industry disturbance in geophone domain, surface wave suppression is carried out to seismic data using surface wave analysis, simulation and inverting；
Step 102, in right-angled intersection domain, surface wave suppression is carried out in result of the three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain to step 101；
Step 103, in big gun domain, surface wave suppression is carried out come the result to step 102 by non-homogeneous relevant Noise Elimination, with compacting
The wherein weak energy part of remaining surface wave, the seismic data that obtains that treated；
Wherein, step 103 includes:
Part filter is carried out to the result of step 102 with the domain FX fan-filter and Least-squares minimization method, it is linear to obtain
Surface wave noise；
Remaining useful signal is extracted from the linear surface wave noise；
It suppresses the linear surface wave noise and obtains the second initial useful signal, and institute is added in extracted remaining useful signal
The second initial useful signal is stated, to obtain treated the seismic data.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, step 101 includes:
In industry disturbance in geophone domain, analyzes surface wave and extract the dispersion curve of surface wave；
Inverting is carried out based on the dispersion curve, obtains near surface shear wave velocity；
Surface wave noise is predicted based on the near surface shear wave velocity；
Suppress the surface wave noise.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, this method further include:
Before step 102, parameter required when carrying out surface wave suppression in a step 102 is adjusted based on log data.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, in a step 102, in three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain to the knot of step 101
Fruit carries out surface wave suppression
In three-dimensional frequency-spatial domain separation useful signal and surface wave noise；
Remaining useful signal is extracted from the surface wave noise isolated；
It suppresses the surface wave noise and obtains the first initial useful signal, and extracted remaining useful signal is added described first
Initial useful signal, to obtain the result of the step 102.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, this method further include:
Before step 103, parameter required when carrying out surface wave suppression in step 103 is adjusted based on log data.
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| CN111308555B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-04-13 | 清华大学 | Surface wave interference elimination method based on inter-frequency similarity low-frequency reconstruction |
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| CN102944895A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Suppression method and suppression device for surface wave interference for seismic record |
| CN104570115A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Surface wave attenuating method and device |
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| US8299794B2 (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2012-10-30 | Norsk Hydro Asa | Method for electromagnetic geophysical surveying of subsea rock formations |
| CN102944895A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-02-27 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Suppression method and suppression device for surface wave interference for seismic record |
| CN104570115A (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Surface wave attenuating method and device |
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